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EN
The paper presents changes in the spatial relationships between the agents of the network company in times of crisis. The analyzed company performs the production and supply of cement-based and polymer materials for industrial construction and has offices in the most industrialized regions of Russia. In crisis the company decided to withdraw from certain markets and closed some regional missions. The rupture of a unitary structure of the company led to formation of separate regional firms. On the basis of the parent company new organizations have been formed in some regions united by a common client base, similar products and a unified social network. This process has both positive and negative aspects for customers and manufacturers. The need for policy coherence for the overall survival results in the formation of a new regional industry clusters with the intention of improving product and service quality.
EN
Religious crises are a kind of psychological crises associated with the process of personality development. Authors dealing with religious crisis, in place of this term often applies the concept of conversion or doubt. The term is ambiguous and there is not finally define. Different authors to the religious crisis approach in two ways: Some are discussing this phenomenon more structurally, others describe them more in the context of development. The most comprehensive description of conversion we find on William James. As a scientist dealing with religion, James believed, that you can supernatural made make it more clear and you can try to interpret it psychologically. Given the different understanding of the religious crisis show multiple attempts to describe this phenomenon. All authors we see common elements like: a gradual or sudden, perceptible change in the religious life of the unit, annoying State of emotional tension and doubts in the field of religion. Crisis can end up positively, It means the unit enters the taller, darker level of faith, or can end up adversely, It means the person will go away from the faith completely or become agnostic.
3
Content available remote Securitas mare - crowd and crisis management
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EN
Shipping is by nature a genuinely international activity, with strict requirements for harmonized and equal training, regardless of where it is conducted. In this respect IMO provides guidelines to those performing the training through model courses, codes and conventions such as the STCW –95. However, each signatory party to the convention is free to set its own standards for the training. Around the world this has led to the unfortunate situation where there is not only variation in form, but also in content of the actual training that is being performed. One of the measures initiated by IMO in the aftermath of the Estonia catastrophe was the demand for Crowd and Crisis Management training for officers and staff on board passenger vessels. This type of training, a few years back almost non-existent within our industry, has been made mandatory for officers on board certain vessels. The training is offered by a large number of training institutions and suppliers around the world in as many various ways as there are countries where it is performed. The project Securitas Mare or “Safe Seas” has been promoted through the EU: s Leonardo da Vinci program, and has run for 30 months from December 2002 until July 2005, to address this particular problem and aims to create a common European standard for this particular type of training. One of the main objectives with a course of this nature is to prepare the course participants for various emergency situations and to enable them to perform and conduct a full-scale evacuation as safe and sound as circumstances allows for. This paper is dealing with the aims and results of the course and describes the 15 partners to the project and the future aim for specialized training also for shore side staff and other categories of seagoing personnel not covered by today’s requirements.
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Content available remote Współczesny kryzys ekonomiczny
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EN
The article discusses the factors that led to the economic slump of 2007 and describes the course of the present crisis. The study is an attempt to consolidate the results of research done by various scholars and to indicate the most significant – in the author’s opinion – influences on world economy in the future. The author underscores the role of subprime loans as a direct impulse that caused the slump, presents the stages of the spreading of economic slowdown onto the economies of different continents and characterizes its implications for individual countries with particular focus on Europe, the EU states and eurozone included. In the last part she describes the situation of Poland and strives to explain why our country was only faintly affected by the crisis. Conclusions are also drawn for the future with a view to making the subsequent slumps much less acute for the economies.
EN
Any global phenomenon manifests itself differently in various countries and regions. Our idea is that for Russia the global crisis can be considered as the third phase of the long-term national socio-economic crisis, and for the important part of Russia, Siberia, even as the fourth phase.These phases are:• First, the crisis of economy, of ideology, of social relationships and of political system stemming from the Soviet times, having brought the crush of the state, some problems of which have been still unsolved;• Second, the crisis of the 90s, born from this crash and economic reforms, including the very crush of the integral country, very painful for common people, poverty, together with social pessimism and passiveness of people who were robbed by the hyperinflation and stagnation of the sectors, such as science and education, that had never been backward in the Soviet times and could perhaps serve as growth points for the new economy, if used and stimulated properly.• Third, specifically Siberian, extensive out-migration and depopulation, in the conditions when state economic policy is influenced by ultra-liberalism denying any state regulation, together with power hyper-centralization, which both tendencies, paradoxically united, lead automatically to concentration of everything in wealthy Moscow.• Fourth, the very global crisis itself
EN
Different scenarios are devoted to current events, some assume in nature disaster, seeing the collapse of the euro area and the EU. Others, however, although they have every day more and more, they see consolidation in the crisis of the Eurozone and the EU whole as a result of taking any effective action as it was accompanied by the previous diaphragms. Danger, which involves the actual destabilization can induce that the old member countries might be tempted to focus on cooperation, without looking for new partners making increasingly difficulties, which are trying to highlight their demands by blocking the decision-making process of the Union. In turn, some of the new members of the Union may fall into claustrophobic selfimportance (inability?) such countries, covering their weaknesses by external threats will increase abstinence in relation to joint to the decision-making process. We believe that the European Union has rolled off on Hallsteinow bicycle integration, maybe not so far but certainly into a side road. The authors of this article are “for” the creation of a better Europe, a united, strong and open to trade. But throughout this process, let us not forget about our own countries which gives us a basis for political and civil freedoms, acting boundary fence with Eurosphere. Frederic Bastiat wrote If we are talking about us, I think that the country is not, or should not be anything other than a common force established in order not to become a tool of oppression and mutual plunder. On the contrary, it is in order to give everyone his due, and to prevailed justice and security.
PL
Grażyna Dryżałowska, Special pedagogy at a crossroads. Perspectives of contemporary special pedagogy. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 105-125. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.05 The article is an attempt to reflect on the difficult situation in which special pedagogy was found. It is more difficult than the crisis that took place after 1989, because the fascination with the idea of normalisation and integration is gradually decreasing, and there is no new concepts for the further development of special education as a scientific sub-discipline obliged to respond to modern challenges.
EN
The situation of a virus SARS – CoV-2 pandemic, which has been causing COVID-19 disease, is for everyone a new and unknown situation leading to fear and insecurity. It is also the situation which caused a lot of changes in many people’s daily routine. The aim of this article is to point out the specific difficulties which child and youth siblings of people with disabilities in everyday life as a crisis situation caused by the pandemic. The purpose of this article is also to indicate the capabilities of supporting this social group. This text has been written in methodical and practical capacity in order to inspire disscussion and research in this area.
EN
The article presents the way the level of complexity of holdings was changing. The qualitative research made it possible to verify whether holdings modify their structure in response to the worse performance during a crisis period. 1 The article presents results of research carried out as a part of the National Science Centre research project 2011/03/13/HSR/04922 entitled “Determinants of Polish Enterprises’ Resistance to the Macroeconomic Crisis”.
EN
Reflection on the nature of the university and its role in contemporary society occupies an important place in the work of the philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre. His academic career and his view of the incommensurable nature of moral discourses combine to suggest an original and provocative proposal for a new model of higher education. This model is characterized by a unity based on a philosophical and theological formality capable of dispelling the dangers of fragmentation and utilitarian specialization. In MacIntyre’s proposal, the university becomes the most important vehicle for organizing knowledge and, consequently, for ordering social life.
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Content available Messianisms
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EN
The article is an introduction to the 35th (2/2020) issue of the “World and Word” semi-annual. The authors focus on the theme of the issue, the various incarnations of the idea of messianism viewed both historically and manifested in contempo- rary literature and culture, and introduce the main theses of articles devoted to the topic in the issue.
Historia@Teoria
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2017
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tom 2
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nr 4
165-175
EN
In this article, the author analyzes the reception the reception of world standards in the field of research in the history of science by Polish researchers in the history of science. Th e author presents the growing crisis in the Polish history of science related to presentism and to dependence of research programs on myths. In addition, the author criticizes Polish policy in the field of the history of science.
EN
The article presents the results of research on changes in the holdings structure during the crisis, their determinants and the impact of the changes on the financial performance of the holding. The changes in the following areas were taken into account: the holdings complexity (number of holdings companies); holdings character (level of the parent company’s operational activities); centralisation (strategic freedom of subsidiaries). The analyses undertaken prove that during the crisis the holdings changed their structure configuration. The juxtaposition of all the three parameters of a holding structure made it possible to build a model of structural changes in the holdings during the crisis, which was empirically verified. The analyses show that two opposing models of structural changes in holdings were prevailing: a passive and an active model.
EN
Purpose of the paper aims to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global air transport sector (passenger transport, air freight) during the first three months of 2020, and after analyzing the status of the global air transport market from January to March 2020, the study found that the CORONA pandemic has significantly affected this vital sector, where airlines suffered significant losses due to the cancellation of many flights and travel suspensions, in addition to the laying off of much employment and Some of them went bankrupt, while the volume of air freight decreased after global supply chains were shut down as a result of the closure of factories and limited only to the transportation of medical equipment and food supplies in some countries, and the repercussions of this pandemic are expected to be severe on the global economy in the coming years.
EN
The article presents results of case studies of the biggest holdings carrying out real estate development business in Poland during the 2008–2013 crisis. The qualitative research made it possible to identify behaviours that are most favourable and most unfavourable for building a company’s crisis resilience.
17
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EN
The economic crisis is forcing us to revise many of the tenets of neoclassical economic theory. Gradually, 'mainstream economics' is being fleshed out with several elements of economic heterodoxy. Hence, much more so than previously, economic theories are 'absorbing' the findings of other social sciences. Revision in the area of theory has hitherto had little impact on economic policy. Indeed, when something new appears, such as 'new industrial policy' for instance, it is usually an attempt to breathe life into old concepts that have been abandoned in practice. The aim of this paper is to consider the foundations of economic policy in the context of current theoretical research and current economic challenges.
18
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EN
This article includes a description and an assessment of the key initiatives dedicated to strengthening the economic pillar of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and puts emphasis on reform of the economic governance framework. As was pointed out, the crisis in the euro area has been the most important incentive to deep reshape construction of the EMU, especially in respect to its economic governance. This process – being, beside rescue actions, one of the dimensions of the response to the crisis in the euro area – has multistage and multidimensional character. The new solutions in this dimension, which encompass: the European semester, the “six‑pact”, the “two‑pact”, the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU (TSCG), European Stability Mechanism (ESM), Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) and the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM), strengthened economic pillar of the EMU. Above‑mentioned solutions can improve resilience of the EMU on risks of crises in the future, however these instruments do not provide a guarantee that this area will be instability free zone. Creation of the fiscal capacity mechanism would be important for reinforce the abilities of the EMU to counteract potential disturbances. The treaties change will be required for the completion of the EMU.
19
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EN
The concept of creativity is present in all areas of human activity, including modern foreign languages teaching and learning (the field of pedagogy, didactics and methodology). According to Encyclopedia of Giftedness, Creativity and Talent (2009: 200) "[c]reativity can be understood only if it is clearly defined”. It is vital to note that members of the National Advisory Committee on Creative and Cultural Education (NACCCE), established in 1998 by the Secretary of State for Education and Employment and the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport in England distinguish between the idea of teaching creatively (in an interesting and effective manner), and teaching for creativity (developing students' individual abilities to think and act creatively which, as a matter of fact, is carried out in three steps: encouraging, identifying and fostering).
EN
The article presents the problem of business cycle transmission and the role of canals of transmission in the contemporary world. Because of the theoretical character of the problem the used methodology is a presentation of the results of the researches and theoretical works about the problem of crisis sources and their transmission.
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