Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Mikoro-bioreaktor jako element układów μTAS

100%

Pijanowska D. , Torbicz W.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2001

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tom Vol. 7, nr 1-2

27-35

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki dotyczące jednego z bloków układu do całościowej analizy chemicznej uTAS tj. miniaturowego bioreaktora oraz przybliżono zasadę działania bioczujnika wykonanego w postaci enzymatycznego mikro-reaktora. Porównano trzy metody immobilizacji ureazy przez: (1) wytworzenie wiązań iminowych, (2) reakcję alkilowania i (3) adsorpcję. Jako nośniki enzymu wykorzystano matryce z nitrocelulozy oraz kulki szklane modyfikowane chemicznie za pomocą aminosilanu i glicydoksypropylotrietoksysilanu. Stwierdzono, że do wykonania mikroreaktora krzemowego przydatna może być metoda immobilizacji enzymu na chemicznie modyfikowanej powierzchni za pomocą glicydoksypropylotrietoksysilanu.

EN

This paper presents results concerning miniaturised enzymatic microreactor. Three methods of urease immobilisation by: (1) imine linkeages formation, (2) alkylation reaction and (3) adsorption were compared. Glass beads and netrocelulose sheets were used as a support for enzyme immobilisation. It was stated that for the purpose of silicon based micro biorectors fabrication, chemical immobilisation of enzyme by glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilsne is preferred.

2

Experimental measurements of friction forces on the tissue in prababilistic view

100%

Wierzcholski K.

Journal of KONES

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2006

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tom Vol. 13, No. 3

427-435

EN

This paper is devoted to stochastic determination of values of friction forces generated during hydro-dynamical flow of viscid-elastic nutrition liquid in thin boundary layer present on surface of human joint cartilage sample during its growing in a bio-reactor. Taking into account the need for tissue cultivation, this paper presents the detail results of measurements of friction forces occurring on the cartilage sample during the tissue cultivation. Results of irregularities of human joint cooperating surfaces are applied to the friction simulation during the cartilage cultivation in bioreactor. This paper has been prepared based on the objective of European Project MTKD-CT-2004-517226 to represent the methodology and goal of the idea described in and make possible wider discussion on this subject for further developments during the realization. Stages of joint cartilage development and growth in bio-reactor of random character, analysis of joint cartilage surface nano- roughness, the used cartilage of thigh bone head of human hip joint, distributions of probability density function of the random changes in height of nutrition liquid boundary layer on surface of the tissue growing in bio-reactor, control of friction forces and geometrical parameters of natural cartilage surface are presented in the paper.

3

A Biological Way to Dispose of Organic Waste and Energy-Saving, Economical and Environmentally Friendly Organic Waste Management

100%

Barabsh O. V. , Berdnikova O. I.

Modern Engineering

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2020

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tom 2

75--77

EN

The main goal of this article is to develop a model for space heating system (BIORACTOR) that would: be cheaper in operating costs than traditional one; had a source of energy that wont inpact the natural environment; be an additional source of hot water for domestic use; be able to solve the problem of burning fallen leaves, branches and organic debris on the ground; be at the end of the heating action would become an organic fertilizer.

4

Wpływ czasu przetrzymania wsadu w bioreaktorze na stabilizację kompostu

100%

Sidełko R.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2009

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tom Tom 11

393-402

EN

This study presented investigation results of temperature and organic master changes during two stages composting process. The feedstock components were dewaterednot digested sewage sludge and rape straw as a structural material. The aim of investigation concerned determination of relationship between time of composting duration in rotating rector (125 m3 volume) and time of stabilization of compost in periodically browsed windrows. Five cycles with different time of feedstock retention were monitored: 7, 10, 14, 18 and 21 days. The second stage of composting in all cycles lasted five months. The results show that longer compost retention in reactor effectively reduce time needed for compost stabilization. Results presented in this paper are a part of investigations which have on aim determination of relationship between duration time of two phases of composting in two stage systems. Changes of both, temperature and content of organic substances durin the process, are one of many parameters which describe process of compost stabilisation [3, 6, 7]. Conducted analysis of achieved results allows to state that longer retention time of feedstock in the reactor causes shorter period of stabilisation. The basis of such conclusion is character of changes of determined physical parameters and interpretation of calculated gradients of organic substances. Changes of both parameters were interpreter in the context of compost stability, which is not synonymous with achieving its maturity. It is hard to conclude, that 37 days of composting, with assumption of 21 days of retention of feedstock in the reactor (fig. 1 - 21 days cycle), assures gaining mature compost. In this regard examinations also included determinations of other physicochemical parameters, including so-called humification index. Those results will be the content of next papers in the Annual Set of Environment Protection.

5

The investigation of ethanol separation by the membrane distillation process

100%

Tomaszewska M. , Białończyk L.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2011

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tom 13

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nr 3

66-69

EN

Separation of ethanol from solutions with different concentrations in a BIOTRON bioreactor integrated with the direct contact membrane distillation system has been investigated. The experiments were carried out using immersed, capillary polypropylene membranes. The permeability of the membrane at the feed inlet temperatures of 308, 318 and 333K was determined. The permeate and ethanol flux was strongly affected by the vapour pressure which increased with the feed temperature and it was also associated with ethanol concentration in the feed. It was found that the membrane distillation can be successfully applied for the separation of volatile components such as ethanol.

6

Volume flow rate of liquids in bioreactor

100%

Wierzcholski K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej / Politechnika Śląska

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2003

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tom z. 20

412-417

EN

This paper shows analytical formulae for velocity components of biological fluids in thin boundary layer near to the tissue surface in bioreactor. Here are derived analytical formulae for the necessary volume flow rate stream of media for good protection of the perfusion of tissue surface.

PL

Niniejsza praca wyprowadza formuły analityczne dla składowych prędkości cieczy biologicznych w cienkiej warstewce granicznej wokół powierzchni tkanki w bioreaktorze. Wyprowadza się formuły analityczne dla niezbędnych wydatków objętościowych strumienia mediów celem dobrego zabezpieczenia zraszania powierzchni tkanki.

7

Kolektor ściekowy bioreaktorem

100%

Sadecka Z.

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

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2007

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tom T. 10, nr 2

131-139

PL

Przepływowi ścieków w kanalizacji towarzyszą procesy biochemicznych przemian związków organicznych, decydujące o poziomie stężeń zanieczyszczeń w ściekach dopływających do oczyszczalni. Procesy rozkładu zanieczyszczeń mogą zachodzić zarówno w środowisku beztlenowym, jak i w warunkach tlenowych przy współudziale różnych grup mikroorganizmów. Efektywność przemian biochemicznych zależy od warunków panujących w systemach kanalizacyjnych, a towarzyszą tym przemianom zauważalne przez eksploatatorów sieci takie procesy, jak: zagniwanic, wydzielanie siarkowodoru czy metanu, a także korozja. Procesy te wpływają na znaczny spadek stężenia zanieczyszczeń w ściekach, co skutkuje obniżeniem np. wartości BZT5, często nawet o 30%. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące zmian składu ścieków płynących w wybranym odcinku kanalizacji miejskiej o długości L = = 1210 m i średnicy 2500 mm. Odcinek należy do kanalizacji ogólnospławnej 100 000 miasta. Dane dotyczą pogody bezdeszczowej i okresu badań jesień-zima 2004 oraz wiosna 2005. Wyniki badań wykazują, że wybrany odcinek kanalizacji można traktować jako bioreaktor, w którym zapoczątkowany jest proces biodegradacji zanieczyszczeń. Potwierdzeniem zachodzących procesów biodegradacji są zmiany w składzie ścieków, wyrażone wskaźnikami zanieczyszczeń, jak: ChZT, BZT5, OWO, oraz zmiany frakcji ChZT.

EN

The flow of wastewaters in the sewage system is accompanied by the processes of biochemical changes of organic compounds determining the level of pollutant concentrations in the sewage. The processes of pollutants decomposition can occur both in anaerobic environment and in aerobic conditions, with participation of various groups of microorganisms. It results from microbiological research that in raw sewage, approximately one-thousandth of total bacteria count constitutes positive and desirable mutants that are capable of biofiltration of wastewaters from the very beginning. In the city of one hundred thousand inhabitants, we have as much as ca. 7.7 x 109 of desired mutants at the start. This constitutes a huge metabolic potential initiating purification of wastewaters as early as in drains and sewers. The efficiency of biochemical changes depends on conditions occurring in sewage systems, and the changes are accompanied by processes noticeable by sewerage system operators, such as: sewage sludge putrefaction, emission of hydrogen sulphide or methane as well as corrosion. These processes influence the significant decrease in concentration of pollutants in sewage and they lower the BOD value, often by as much as 30%. In this paper, the results of research on changes of composition of wastewaters flowing in chosen section of the sewage system of the length L = 1210 m and diameter 0 2500 mm, constituting a part of the combined sewage system of the city of 100,000 inhabitants are presented. The data concerns rainless weather and the test period comprising autumn - winter of 2004 and spring of 2005. Test results show that chosen section of the sewage system can be treated as a bioreactor, where the process of pollutant biodegradation is initiated. The occurrence of biodegradation processes is con-firmed by changes in sewage composition expressed by pollution indicators, such as: COD, BOD, TOC and changes of COD fraction.

8

Application of biotechnological methods in stem cell transplantation

100%

Kempka K. , Kamiński P. , Kasprzak M. , Malukiewicz G. , Bogdzińska M.

World Scientific News

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2019

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tom 135

188-201

EN

Currently much attention is paid to the use of stem cells in transplantation. The reason for this interest are the characteristic regenerative capabilities of stem cells and their ability to regenerate and differentiate. Stem cells are becoming the basic unit in regenerative medicine and are increasingly used in transplantation. Currently used innovative methods during cell culture are also a field of activity for biotechnology, which deals with the improvement of methods and looks for new applications of stem cells. The work aims to familiarize the properties and applications of stem cells and present selected techniques for their culture for transplantation. Based on the collected data, it can be concluded that new sources of stem cells should be constantly sought. The improve and create new diagnostic tools and culture media, as well as construct systems that would allow stem cells to be cultured with right orientation.

9

Computational studies of friction forces for hard tissue cultivation in bioreactor.

100%

Wierzcholski K.

Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn

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2004

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tom Vol. 39, nr 2

7-34

EN

Aim of this paper is to simulate, control and optimize the culture process of human hard tissue in a bioreactor. The application of theoretical and computational model for culture of tissue in bioreactor under unsteady hydrodynamic conditions of nutrient fluid flow has not yet been established. The aim of present work is to transfer the extensive experience in the field of bioreactor techology to this novel application. Scientific effort of present paper shall contribute to above development process by delivery the data of the hydrodynamic flow characteristic in the culture media using computer optimization. Cells of tissue grow on the scaffold in bioreactor and are perfuse by the nutrition liquids and other biologically tolerable media with oxygen carrying fluorocarbons. The friction forces occuring in the thin layer of nutrition liquids resting on the superficial tissue layer are examined by numerical way and are illustrated in the pictures. The friction forces have important meaning during the growth of tissue.

PL

Ponieważ wymiana naturalnego stawu człowieka na endoprotezy może być dokonywana dwa lub najwyżej trzy razy w życiu pacjenta, zatem problem leczenia poprzez transplantacje tkanek, a w szczególności tkanek chrząstek stawowych nabiera dużego znaczenia. Przeszczepów tkanki chrząstki kostnej można dokonywać z sukcesem wiele razy. Bioreaktory służą hodowli tkanek. Środowisko hydrodynamiczne kształtuje hodowlę tkanek in vitro w obecności sił tarcia poprzez bezpośrednie działanie na morfologię komórek, a także poprzez pośrednie działanie na tkankę za pomocą masowego przekazu substancji odżywczych i metabolitów. Celem niniejszej pracy jest tribologiczny aspekt analitycznego i numerycznego symulowania, sterowanie procesu hodowli tkanki twardej człowieka w bioreaktorze. Rozróżnia się tkanki miękkie oraz twarde. Na szczególną uwagę w procesie hodowli zasługuje chrząstka stawowa z racji na posiadany przez nią niski potencjał regeneracyjny. Jej uszkodzenia prowadzą do upośledzenia narządów ruchu. Budowa i skład chrząstki nadają jej specyficzne właściwości mechaniczne, takie jak odporność na obciążenia, twardość, niski współczynnik tarcia oraz dużą trwałość. Do tej pory nie dokonano symulacji hodowli tkanki w bioreaktorze przy niestacjonarnych hydrodynamicznych warunkach podczas opływania warstwy przyściennej tkanki cieczami odżywczymi z uwzględnieniem sił tarcia przy zastosowaniu opisu teoretycznego i przeprowadzenia procesu obliczeniowego przy użyciu komputera. Jak wykazują badania naukowe, hodowla tkanki w bioreaktorze w środowiskach niestacjonarnych daje znacznie lepsze wyniki w porównaniu z wynikami uzyskanymi w stacjonarnych bioreaktorach. W pracy wyznacza się wartości sił tarcia, które wywołane są lepkimi naprężeniami ścinającymi powiązanymi z gradientami prędkości cieczy odżywczej i profilami prędkości tej cieczy na granicy warstwy przyściennej płynu oraz powierzchni hodowlanej tkanki w warunkach ustalonych i nieustalonych. Takie siły tarcia, pomimo że mają bardzo małe wartości, często poniżej 0,1 N, to jednak wywierają decydujące znaczenie w trakcie hodowli. Ze względu na utrudniony pomiar tak małych wartości sił tarcia, obliczenia numeryczne ich wartości mają duże znaczenie poznawcze. Dodatkowo uwzględnienie niestacjonarnego przepływu wraz z analizą sił tarcia w bioreaktorze jest zdaniem autora nowym wkładem w dotychczasowych badaniach numerycznych tribologii.

10

Hydraulic Mixing Modelling in Reactor for Biogas Production

100%

Chmielewski A. G. , Berbeć A. , Zalewski M. , Dobrowolski A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2012

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tom 33

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nr 4

621-628

EN

Two-stage biogas production plant consists of two reactors: a hydrolyser and a fermentor. The bioreactor construction has to meet three requirements: low cost and simplicity of construction and good biomass mixing conditions with an application of appropriate method. This paper reports CFD modelling of hydraulic mixing in the tank to be applied in a two-stage industrial installation.

11

Dynamics of a microbial membrane bioreactor

100%

Noworyta A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2008

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tom Vol. 29, z. 3

763-775

EN

A mathematical model of the dynamics of a microbial membrane reactor with the membrane regenerated by means of backflushing at the beginning of each cycle is presented. The model is described by several experimentally determined parameters. The mass of cells deposited on the membrane was found to have the most pronounced effect on the system dynamics. A proper selection of the bioreactor operation parameters enables process repeatability in subsequent cycles and operation in the pseudo-stationary state.

PL

Przedstawiono model matematyczny dynamiki mikrobiologicznego reaktora membranowego pracującego cyklicznie z regeneracją membrany za pomocą płukania wstecznego na początku każdego cyklu. Model określono za pomocą kilku parametrów wyznaczanych doświadczalnie. Stwierdzono, że największy wpływ na dynamikę układu ma masa komórek osadzających się na membranie. Odpowiedni dobór parametrów pracy bioreaktora umożliwia powtarzalność procesu w kolejnych cyklach oraz pracę w trybie pseudostacjonarnym.

12

Influence of the process parameters on the intensification of operation of a microbial membrane bioreactor

100%

Trusek-Hołownia A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2007

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tom Vol. 28, z. 4

1179-1190

EN

Analysis of the membrane bioreactor in which both cells and the substrate were held up at least partially showed that the efficiency of the bioreactor operation was affected by the coefficients [psi] and [eta]. Selection of a proper pair of parameters [psi] and [eta] was a typical optimization task which could be accom-plished after formulating an optimization criterion.

PL

Przeprowadzono analizę bioreaktora membranowego, w którym są zatrzymywane zarówno komórki, jak i przynajmniej częściowo substrat rekcji. Wykazano, że na efektywność pracy takiego bioreaktora w równym stopniu zależy od współczynników [psi] oraz [eta]. Wybór właściwej pary parametrów [psi] i [eta] jest typowym zadaniem optymalizacyjnym do uzyskania po sformułowaniu kryterium optymalności.

13

Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology

88%

Venil C. , Zakaria Z. , Ahmad W.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2015

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tom 62

|

nr 2

185-190

EN

Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker. Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM). Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments. Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production. Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production. Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm. Production under optimized conditions increased to 7.23 fold comparing to its production prior to optimization. Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497. In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.

14

Facilities and problems of processing organic wastes by family-type biogas plants in Ukraine

88%

Voytovych I. , Malovanyy M. , Zhuk V. , Mukha O.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

|

tom no. 45

185--189

EN

The potential of organic wastes in Ukraine for biogas production and the prospects of using the family-type biogas plants for this purpose are shown. In the biogas laboratory of the Ukrainian National Forestry University the efficiency of the anaerobic mesophilic digestion of chicken manure of Poltava poultry farm, Kamianets-Podilsky poultry farm and sewage sludge from Lviv wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated. Different integral indicators of the biogas production and significantly different dynamics of its formation over time were obtained for three investigated substrates. The value of average specific biogas production from the sewage sludge of Lviv WWTP is 0.494 dm3∙(day∙kg FM)–1, which is 5.1 times more comparing the chicken manure of Kamianets-Podilsky poultry farm and 8.0 times more than for the chicken manure of Poltava poultry farm. Strong negative effect of antibiotic treatment of chickens on methane content in the obtained biogas was established experimentally.

15

Mathematical modeling of ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch culture with non-structured model

88%

Konopacka A. , Konopacki M. , Kordas M. , Rakoczy R.

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tom 40

|

nr 3

16

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND STATIONARY CHARACTERISTICS OF A TWO-PHASE FLUIDISED-BED BIOREACTOR WITH EXTERNAL AERATION

88%

Tabiś B. , Stryjewski W. S.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2013

|

tom 34

|

nr 4

435-448

EN

A mathematical model for a two-phase fluidised bed bioreactor with liquid recirculation and an external aerator was proposed. A stationary nonlinear analysis of such a bioreactor for an aerobic process with double-substrate kinetics was carried out. The influences of a volumetric fraction of solid carriers in the liquid phase, the rate of active biomass transfer from the biofilm to the liquid, the concentration of carbonaceous substrate, the mean residence time of the liquid and the efficiency of the external aerator on the steady state characteristics of the bioreactor were described. A method for determination of the minimal recirculation ratio related to oxygen demand and fluidised bed conditions was presented. On the basis of the obtained results, it is possible to choose reasonable operating conditions of such plants and to determine constraints, while considering acceptable concentrations of a toxic substrate being degraded.

17

Steady state characteristics of a three-phase fluidized bed bioreactor with partial biomass recirculation

88%

Skoneczny S. , Tabiś B. , Skoneczny S. , Tabiś B.

|

18

Optimization and control of tissue growth and repair in bioreactor

88%

Wierzcholski K. C.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2004

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tom Vol. 9, no spec.

275-281

EN

The objective of this paper is modelling, simulation, control and optimisation of the tissue behaviour during cultivating process in a bioreactor, leading to making the prototype of an intelligent bioreactor which "can remember and learn" based on the computer simulation results and its historical background, using advanced optimisation algorithms and stochastic description of tissue sample growing in bioreactor.

19

Engineering contribution for cartilage cultivation in bioreactor

88%

Wierzcholski K. C.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

|

2004

|

tom Vol. 9, no spec.

299-303

EN

Diseases of human joints, in which the cartilage is the sensitive link, appear a serious issue of still growing social and economical importance in EU countries. Surgical transplantation of the human cartilage tissue into human joints can be successfully performed many times, on the contrary to the transplantation of artificial joints or only artificial acetabulum. Artificial joint transplantation is applicable three times in human life, at the most. Therefore cultivation of natural human tissues in bioreactor is really very important problem.

20

Nonlinear Dynamics of a Controlled Stirred Tank Bioreactor With Predator-Prey Relationship

88%

Tabiś B. , Skoneczny S. , Stryjewski W. S.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2014

|

tom 35

|

nr 3

349-360

EN

The paper presents the dynamic characteristics of a continuous tank bioreactor for microbiological process, with a developed predator-prey food chain. The presence of the predator microorganism considerably influences the position and stability character of steady-states. There appears to exist a wide range of unstable steady-states and high-amplitude oscillations of state variables. Without automatic control, the system can operate only in unsteady conditions. From technological point of view, this circumstance is unfavorable. It was shown that oscillations can be removed by employing automatic control with continuous P or PI controllers. Moreover, the use of a controller with integrating element causes removal of the predator from the bioreactor. The paper discusses an application of this phenomenon for practical purposes.