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2 2009

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RELIGIOUSNESS IN EASTERN CENTRAL EUROPE. FACTS AND INTERPRETATIONS (Vallasossag Kelet-Kozep-Europaban. Tenyek es ertelmezesek)

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Tomka M.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

2009

tom 19

nr 3

64-79

Recent changes in religious state cannot to be sufficiently explained by the secularization theory only, as these are due partly to the socio-economical modernization and partly to the totalitarianisms. Therefore, for the correct interpretation, we need to consider both the totalitarianism intentional tradition destroying aims resulting in anomy, as well as the social and clerical opposition against it. The religious revival starting from the late seventies is also a contradictory phenomenon. Firstly, because it is only the appearance: religiousness hidden for decades became apparent, and moreover, in correlation with the loss of credibility of the political authority. Secondly, as it is an institutional reorganization; and thirdly, as it is a change impacting the social form of religion. The custom-religion as part of tradition weakens and to a limited extent, personally chosen devotion emerges instead of it. The contemporary religiousness apparently strengthens satisfaction, human-social relationships, social attitudes, nationalism, and right-wing political attitudes. Due to the increased personal commitments, the social role of the decreased number of members of religious groups is not necessarily less important than it used to be in the social system type preceding the Party State.

'THE REDS' AND 'THE BLUE': SOCIO-CULTURAL CHANGE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE COMBAT BETWEEN 'THE CONQUERORS' AND 'THE BESIEGED' (Cerveni a modri: sociokulturna zmena cez perspektivu dvojpoloveho zapasu 'dobyvatelov' a 'oblahnutych')

100%

Podoba J.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

2009

tom 57

nr 3

289-300

The paper deals with the problem of socio-cultural change connected with the social conflict. The author emphasizes the problem of social agency and its position in the attempts to understand the dynamics and the character of socio-cultural changes. One of the possible attempts in catching the never-ending combats of the mankind, conflicting tensions in inter-group and inter-personal relations is the novel by Czech writer Vladimir Paral 'Milenci a vrazi' (Lovers and Murders). The construction of the Paral's novel is based on the model of combat between 'the conquerors' and 'the besieged', 'The Reds' and 'The Blue'. Similarly the author analyzes and interprets scientific publications by Sona Svecova, first of all her monograph from the year 1984, based on her long-term ethnographic research of the dispersed settlement in the highlands of Krupinska planina. Svecova analysed ethnographic data directly related to socio-cultural changes with very similar character to Paral's expressive interpretation.