Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Presence of Jihadist Terrorism in Spain

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Kosmynka S.

The Polish Quarterly of International Affairs

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2016

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nr 2

68-73

EN

After 11 March, Spain remained part of the militant Salafist narrative and constituted a potential target of attacks. Spanish territory was also used for undertakings in the regional (European) and global (Iraq, countries of Maghreb, and the Middle East) dimensions. This strategy constitutes an important indicator of the polymorphism of contemporary jihadist terrorism, including in the case of radical Salafist networks in Spain. Structures associated with the global network of jihadist groups (such as GSPC/AQIM, GICM and others) and cells of radicals that recruit in virtual space and maintain only declarative affiliations to Al Qaeda’s international structures have all made their presence felt in this country.

2

Z genealogii nacjonalizmów w Hiszpanii, rec. książki: Magda Melnyk, Dlaczego Hiszpania trzeszczy?

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Kubiaczyk F.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2020

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nr 21

151-158

3

Osotopic constraints on the formation of evaporite-related carbonates by bacterial sulphate reduction, Messinian Tripoli Formation, Lorca Basin (Spain)

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Taberner C.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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1999

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tom nr 387

65--67

4

Wybrane wyzwania społeczne i polityczne stojące przed Hiszpanią w następstwie pandemii COVID-19

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Kowalczyk Z.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2022

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nr 4 (385)

41-52

EN

The article tackles selected problems that arose in Spain after the outbreak of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The author focuses mainly on the phenomenon of social inequalities which enlarged significantly in the discussed period. This process was caused by the necessity to introduce sanitary restrictions to protect human life and health. However, they also brought negative consequences in the form of an increase in unemployment which in Spain affected primarily tourism industry, entertainment and recreation services and transportation. It was assumed by the author that the inequality issue would be one of the highest priority for the Spanish government and would be addressed indirectly by reforms introduced in economic recovery plans after the pandemic. In the second part of the article the author also tries to identify the challenges for Spanish diplomacy. The problems associated with Spanish participation in the policy of the European Union are presented. The author assumed that Spanish diplomacy would intensify its activities on the European Union forum during the time of crisis in order to, among other, obtain aid funds on favourable terms. The author also raised the issue of factors that could strengthen Spain’s position and at the same time ensure that its activity within the European Union might be a key to the success of the reforms introduced after the health crisis. The method used included the analysis of existing materials, statistical data, reports and studies published in the period after the outbreak of the pandemic in Europe in 2020. Most of the research was based on Internet sources: reports and analyses of Spanish researchers, government databases, factsheets, and information published by non-governmental organizations.

5

Availability and characteristics of the historical and recent aerial photographs and orthophotographs in Spain for the analysis of rill and gully erosion

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Jariego García J. , Gómez Gutiérrez G. , Lavado Contador F. , Schnabel S.

Landform Analysis

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2011

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tom Vol. 17

51-55

EN

Several kinds of methodologies and techniques have been used indeed in order to monitor rill and gully erosion processes. In this paper authors provide a guidance regarding the available aerial photographs and orthophotographs for rill and gully erosion studies in Spain and covering the whole country. A set of 8 different series of aerial photographs and orthophotographs were located in Spain. Their characteristics were quite diverse, differing in scales, formats and resolution. Most of the photographs and orthophotographs proved, at least, to be suitable for their use in studies of permanent gullies, allowing the monitoring of medium and long-term erosion rates since 1945.

6

The problem of public debt (the case of Spain)

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Górniewicz G.

Torun International Studies

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2013

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nr 6

23-32

EN

The present paper concerns a crucial problem of contemporary public finances, that is the public debt. Apart from the definition, the causes and methods of incurring debt , the present paper demonstrates the acceptable limits of being indebted. Furthermore, the paper presents the scale of public debt in the world and the current status of public finances of Spain (one of the most indebted countries).

7

Tectonically active Aalenian in the Northwestern Iberian Basin (Spain)

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García-Frank A. , Ureta S. , Mas R.

Volumina Jurassica

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2006

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tom Vol. 4, no. 1

42-42

EN

The Alpine NW Iberian Range (N Spain), formed due to the tectonic inversion of the Iberian Basin. Four major episodes constituted the extensional development of the Iberian Basin during the Mesozoic: Permo-Triassic rifting; Jurassic post-rift subsidence; Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous rifting; and Upper Cretaceous post-rift subsidence. Thus, the Aalenian in the Iberian Range was considered as a tectonically inactive period. However, the Aalenian in Northern Europe has been interpreted as a period of general regional regression, related to tectonic events. The Aalenian-Bajocian succession from the Northern Iberian Range is related with periods of low sedimentation rates and prolonged submarine exposure. The stratigraphic sequences defined in this area, highlight a progressive change in the sedimentary conditions of the basin. These sequences are established as precisely dated discontinuity-bounded sequences, defined by ammonoids. The complex depositional architecture of the basin, recognized on the basis of changes in isopach maps, is interpreted to be tectonically controlled, containing areas, ith low and high topographic platforms as a result of semigraben structures. Thus, two main paleogeographic settings are proposed for the studied region. The NW-SW-SE area is characterized by condensed sedimentation with five discontinuity-bounded sequences. The NE area is characterized by more expanded sedimentation without major discontinuity bounding sequences (except at the base of the succession) and with 10 coarsening-upwards sequences. The NE area corresponds to a different sedimentation setting, with more affinity with coeval rocks in the Cantabrian Range than those in the Iberian Range. In addition, the volcanism in nearby areas of the Iberian Basin within this period, is interpreted to be related to a crustal stretching phase. Tectonic instability during this period has been previously underestimated, although rarely documented in southern parts of this basin, and elsewhere in the Iberian Peninsula. Furthermore, to reinforce the synsedimentary tectonic activity, hydrothermalism related to exhalative events is recognized in the transitional beds of the Upper Toarcian - Lower Bajocian. All these data suggest that the Iberian Basin developed in a distensive context, and that the transition between Lower and Middle Jurassic was a period in which a certain tectonic instability is recognised.

8

The importance of students’ financial literacy in context of entrepreneurship – Spain and Poland

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Florek I.

Przedsiębiorstwo & Finanse

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2020

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nr 1

27-38

EN

Many young people tend to present low financial literacy needed to make financial decisions in their self-interest. This problem affects activities related to entrepreneurship as well, concerning limited knowledge of available forms of financing or willingness to run own business overall. Nonetheless, according to the scientific literature and the current state of research, the awareness of the financial literacy importance seems to be growing gradually. This paper is based upon a research of students from Poland and Spain in context of entrepreneurial activities and financial literacy. Connection between those two phenomena is discussed.

9

Debt development in Ireland and Spain: The same or different? Pre- and post-crisis analysis

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Ptak P. , Szymańska A.

Journal of Economics and Management

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2016

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tom 26

88-106

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the development of general government debt in two Eurozone countries: Ireland and Spain that suffered from serious imbalance in public finance during the last crisis. Prior to the crisis, both economies were developing well against the background of the whole Eurozone and had a relatively good situation in public finance. The genesis of the crisis was also quite similar in these two countries. The similarity of factors influencing the crisis and the pre-crisis high development of both economies were among the reasons for selection of these two countries to be compared. Thus, the article focuses on the outbreak of the crisis and the fiscal consolidation period of 2008-2015, however the pre-crisis analysis is also provided. The debt sustainability analysis carried out in the article shows the possibility of growing out of debt in both countries depending on the macroeconomic circumstances. Both Ireland and Spain have been aiming to achieve a primary surplus. Besides the similarity of pre-crisis conditions, in this respect, the progress was highly noticeable, especially in Ireland, where it resulted from a fiscal consolidation but also a high real GDP dynamics that supported the process. Due to this, Ireland has already managed to lower the debt-to- -GDP ratio and put it on a downward path. Spain, on the contrary, has recorded a high debt-to-GDP ratio which is still on the upward path and is forecasted to continue until 2016.

10

Is the Spanish Army's Experimental Brigade 2035 a Result of Civil-military Relations? A Historical Overview (1923-2021)

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López-Rodríguez G.

Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

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2023

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tom 27

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nr 1

81-98

EN

This article analyses the evolution of civil-military relations in Spain from 1923 to 2021. The research defines the role of the military organisation during two authoritarian regimes in the 20th century along with the country's democratic transition. After a historical overview, the military change process known as Experimental Brigade 2035 is selected as a case study to determine whether its origin is civilian or military in nature. The results of the research evidence the civilian influence in budgetary issues and limits in performance. At the same time, the military has a certain autonomy to implement modernisation plans in the framework of assigned competences.

11

Problematyka badawcza i aplikacyjna w pracach Narodowego Instytutu Geograficznego Hiszpanii

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Koreleski K.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2006

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tom R. 78, nr 4

18-21

12

Corruption in Spain and Catalonia after 2008

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Myśliwiec M. , Stachowicz K.

Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities

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2018

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tom 8

225-236

EN

The authors decided to deal with the theme of the influence of corruption on the political processes in contemporary Spain and Catalonia. The investigation of this problem requires the reference to both: a political situation in entire state and in the peripheral region, included in the territorial range of Spain. Therefore, the main objective of the article is the attempt to answer three questions: 1) What is the corruptive phenomenon based on and why a public sphere is endangered with it to such a degree?, 2) How did the Spanish citizens react to corruptive processes after 2008?, 3) Did Catalonia, whose politicians regard this region as definitely separate from Spain, differ considerably from a political centre and other regions of the country within intensity of the occurrence of corruptive phenomena after 2008?

13

THE CRISIS OF SPAIN’S POLITICAL ELITES - SYSTEMIC FACTORS OR MASS MEDIA INFLUENCE?

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Kasińska-Metryka A.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2014

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tom 43

155-163

EN

Political situation in present-day Spain is complicated because of many types of crisis. Interaction between media, public opinion and political actors is interesting because media’s activity can cause many changes in political system. The main aim of this article is to verify the hypothesis of the aforementioned de-democratisation process in Spain.

14

Diaspora senegalska w Hiszpanii - społeczność transnacjonalna

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Sobczyk R.

Forum Politologiczne

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2010

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tom 10 - Przestrzeń i granice we współczesnej Afryce

429-460

EN

The article examines transnational character of the Senegalese Diaspora in Spain. A short account of the history of migrations from Senegal to Europe introduces the subject. Special emphasis is put on the continuation of the colonial discourse in the representation of African immigrants. The main focus of the analysis is on the transnational practices of the Senegalese in Spain. These are conducted through the bond that links the community with the society of origin. This strong attachment helps to resist the influence of the European culture, especially in the sphere of values and customs.

15

More social housing? A critical analysis on social housing provision in Spain

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Pareja-Eastaway M. , Sánchez-Martínez T.

Critical Housing Analysis

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2017

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tom 4

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nr 1

124-131

EN

Since the 1950s Spain has developed a set of policies aimed at stimulating ownership through subsidies mainly in the form of interest rates or mortgage quotas to developers and households neglecting other forms of housing provision, for instance social rent. That system provided one off benefit to the developer and/or the purchaser and could not be reused to help other households. The financial crisis in 2008 evidenced the weakness of the Spanish housing system in providing affordable and secure shelter by means other than homeownership. The existent housing provision system failed to avoid the large number of evictions while simultaneously banks became owners of a large amount of empty dwellings. To some extent, the severity of the situation exerted considerable political pressure to devise a new framework for action to alleviate the housing problem in Spain. In this paper based on the post -crisis evidence we argue the need to reformulate approaches to provide adequate and affordable housing for certain collectives in Spain.

16

Núria Puig: A Biographical-Professional Outline

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Puig N. , Soler S. , Vilanova A.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2018

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tom 80

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nr 1

68-78

17

Mediterranean Capitalism under EU Pressure: Labour Market Reforms in Spain and Italy, 2010–2012

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Meardi G.

Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology

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2012

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tom 3

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nr 5

51-81

EN

The article follows the recent developments in the labour markets of Spain and Italy. The two countries in focus represent the 'Mediterranean model' of capitalism, in line with the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) approach. The impact of the global economic recession has been severe in both countries, which is reflected in high and rising unemployment figures. In the two countries, profound institutional reforms were implemented under pressure of the European Union (EU) prior to the crisis, yet the process has also continued after the onset of the recession. Using the field of labour relations as the example, the author looks at the tensions emerging between the embedded forms of capitalism (national context) and the 'disembedded' forms of capitalism which are imposed from above (EU context).

18

Late Cretaceous nautilids from northern Cantabria, Spain

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Wilmsen M.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2000

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tom Vol. 50, no. 1

29-43

EN

Nautilids do not occur throughout the Upper Cretaceous succesion in northern Cantabria. Alrhough relatively rare, they preferentially occur in condensed transgressive horizons. Nine species belonging to the genera Angulithes MONTFORT 1808, Eutrephoceras HYATT 1894, and Pseudocenoceras SPATH 1927 are recorded. A. westphalicus (SCHLUTER 1872) and E. cf. justum (BLANFORD 1861) are reported for the first time from the Iberian Peninsula. The diagnosis of A. vascogoticus WIEDEMANN 1960 is emended. The Cenomanian was characterized by a relative abundance of nautilids of the genus Angulithes which display a major radiative event, evolving relatively short-lived species. This development was probably related to the "Cenomanian transgression". Compared to co-occuring ammonite faunas, Angulithes inhabited deeper and more distal environments. A possible transitional form, connecting the two genera Angulithes and Deltocymatoceras KUMMEL 1956 (?Turonian, Coniacian - Santonian), is recorded from the Mid-/Late Cenomanian. The Turonian to Campanian succession is dominated by long-ranging nautilids of the genus Eutrephoceras.

19

THE APPLICATION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA) FOR THE STUDY OF THE SPANISH TOURIST DEMAND

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González M. J. G. , Pascual M.-E. V.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2018

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tom 37

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nr 4

43-52

EN

The objective of this study is the characterisation of the Spanish autonomous communities as tourist destinations for Spanish trips, based on the activities carried out, using the principal component method. The Spanish tourist is not only motivated by the sun and beach. This paper aims to clarify how Spanish people consider other tourist destinations. We contrast how frequently other types of tourism are valued when choosing their destination within the Spanish geography. Inland tourism, sports tourism, entertainment as well as gastronomy are becoming increasingly important.

20

Trace element geochemistry of coals from the Southern Cantabrian Zone (NW Spain): preliminary results

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Botor D.

Mineralogia

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2011

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tom Vol. 42, iss. 1

39--51

EN

Bituminous to anthracite coals from three small Stephanian intramontane coal-bearing basins (La Magdalena, Cinera-Matallana and Sabero) located along the Sabero-Gordón fault line strike-slip systems of the Southern Cantabrian Zone (SCZ) were examined. Coal rank expressed as mean vitrinite reflectance values of these Stephanian coals is in the range 0.72-3.96%. The vitrinite maceral group exceeds 72 vol. % in all of the coals. The coals are characterized by relatively variable contents of mineral matter and coal-ash. The mineral matter comprises, in the main, clay minerals, carbonates, sulphides and quartz. The coals exhibit medium-high concentrations (see for comparison Ronov et al. 1990; Kabata-Pendias, Pendias 1999; Ketris, Yudovich 2009) of the following elements (in ppm): ΣREE (53-205), Ba (300-900), As (11-57), Zn (<50-150), Cr (10-160), Rb (50- 145), Co (5-26), Sc (2-24.6), Ce (17-99), Yb (1.3-4.5), Th (2.4-11.9) and U (1.1-8.1), Br (<1-14), Cs (<2-9), Eu (<0,3-1.5), Lu (0.11-0.85) and Sb (0.8-4.8), and relatively low concentrations of Sm (0.6-6.6) and Ta (<1-2). They are also characterised by relatively high Th/U values (1.31-2.29). LREE/HREE values fall in the range 24-44 (average - 30). In contrast, concentrations of Au, Ag, Hg, Ir, Ni, Se, Sn, Sr, and W are below detection limits for the applied INAA method. As the concentrations of elements are significantly higher in coal-ash, most are likely related to mineral matter in the coals.