Hlína v konstrukcích panonského typu domu

• Autorzy: Novotny Martin

Warianty tytułu

EN

CLAY IN CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PANNONIAN-TYPE HOUSE

• Języki publikacji: CS

Abstrakty

EN

The study speaks about clay buildings in the areas along the Morava River and in the central Danube basin. It explains some archaeological finds, searching for their ethnological analogies. The building techniques using clay are analyzed in a more thorough way while their genetic context is observed. The hitherto oldest discovered technique in clay wall construction in the researched region presents a wheel structure of an Eneolithic building with weave walls roughcast with a thick layer of pugging stuff on both sides. According to some authors, this concerns the original constructional solution from which the basic building techniques for unburned clay used in load-bearing masonry developed. The first one is the technique of so-called ramming whose origin might be in the wheel construction provided with two parallel 'fences'. In accordance with this contention, we suppose the basis of the aforementioned way may consists in a clay mixture rammed into free space between a double-wall made from stones or palisade. Another construction is represented by building in layers that replaced the weave parts with clay material put on in layers, which - similarly to weave - had no supporting function. Moreover, the study describes constructions made from different types of so-called 'valky'. The last mentioned type of constructions describes the masonry with unburnt bricks, which are put dry on clay mortar - in contrast to the aforementioned building techniques working with wet material that dries in the masonry. The use of wet clay seems to be limiting - in the sense of technical possibilities. On the contrary, building use of bricks, i.e. exactly shaped construction materials, offers a higher number of options for the final use in a construction.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ARCHAEOLOGY; CENTRAL DANUBE BASIN; CLAY ARCHITECTURE; ETHNOLOGY; HOUSE OF PANNONIAN TYPE; MORAVIA; WALL CONSTRUCTIONS

• Wydawca: The National Institute of Folk Culture
• Czasopismo: Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 21
• Numer: 4
• Strony: 298-303
• Rodzaj publikacji: ARTICLE

Twórcy

autor

Novotny Martin

• Martin Novotny, Narodni ustav lidove kultury, Zamek 672, 696 62 Straznice, Czech Republic

Identyfikatory

CEJSH db identifier

11CZAAAA10676