Influence of Annual Training Cycle on Threshold Power and Reaction of Blood Antioxidative Stress Indices During A Standard Rowing Test

• Autorzy: Basta Piotr , Skarpańska-Stejborn Anna , Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak Łucja
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose. The study presents a comparative analysis of the threshold power and exercise-induced changes in the blood antioxidative stress parameters in a standard rowing test between two measurements (terms of the study). Basic procedures. The study comprised 15 subjects aged between 20 and 23 years, members of the Polish National Youth Rowing Team at the end of preparatory phase of the annual training cycle in 2003 (Term I) and in 2004 (Term II). At both terms selected indices of antioxidative stress and the threshold power (AT4) induced by physical exercise with graded intensity were analyzed. Main findings. At the second term of the study, as compared with the first term, a higher activity of superoxide dismutase in blood samples at rest was found. At the same time a decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase in blood samples after exercise was observed. The level of lipid peroxidation products in red cells (TBARS) regarded as the marker of free radical-induced damage was also significantly lower. The results indicated that at the second term of the study the rate of anaerobic metabolism measured with the blood lactate level was lower than at the first term despite the fact that the threshold power values between both terms of the study did not reveal any significant differences. Conclusions. The annual training cycle in young rowers, although not contributing significantly to the increase of the threshold power, induced positive changes in their antioxidant defense systems; namely, the lower level of TBARS after exercise and the higher SOD activity at rest.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

anaerobic threshold; annual training cycle; oxidative stress

• Czasopismo: Human Movement
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 9
• Numer: 1
• Strony: 41-45

Daty

wydano

2008-06-01

online

2008-06-23

Twórcy

autor

Basta Piotr

• Department of Water Sports, Branch Faculty of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland

autor

Skarpańska-Stejborn Anna

• Department of Water Sports, Branch Faculty of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland

autor

Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak Łucja

• Department of Hygiene, Chair of Physiology, Biochemistry and Hygiene, University School of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland

Bibliografia

• Weltman A., The blood lactate response to exercise. Human Kinetics, Champaign 1995.
• Klusiewicz A., Zdanowicz R., Anaerobic threshold and maximal lactate balance - practical remarks [in Polish]. Sport Wyczynowy, 2002, 1-2, 58-70.
• Steinacker J. M., Lormes W., Stauch M., Sport specific testing in rowing. In: Bachl N., Graham T. E., Lollgen H. (eds.), Advances in Ergometry. Springer, Berlin-New York 1991, 443-454.
• Ji L. L. Exercise-induced modulation of antioxidant defense. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2002, 959(1), 82-92. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02085.x.[Crossref]
• Higuchi M., Cartier L. J., Chen M., Holloszy J. O., Superoxide dismutase and catalase in skeletal muscle: adaptive response to exercise. J Gerontol, 1985, 40, 281-286.
• Alessio H. M., Exercise induced oxidative stress. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1993, 25, 218-224.
• Kanter M. M., Free radicals, exercise and antioxidant supplementation. Int J Sport Nutr, 1994, 4, 205-220.
• Duthie G. G., Jenkinson A. McE., Morrice P. C., Arthur J. R., Antioxidant adaptations to exercise. In: Maugham R. J., Shirreffs S. M. (eds.), Biochemistry of exercise. Human Kinetics, Champaign 1996, 465-470.
• Mena P., Maynar M., Gutierrez J. M., Maynar J., Timon J., Campillo J. E., Erythrocyte free radical scavenger enzymes in bicycle professional racers. Adaptation to training. Int J Sports Med, 1991, 12, 563-566.
• Jenkins R. R., Friedland R., Howald H., The relationship of oxygen uptake to superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in human skeletal muscle. Int J Sports Med, 1984, 5, 11-14.
• Paglia D. E., Valentine W. N., Studies on quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med, 1967, 70, 158-169.
• Buege J., Aust S. D., The thiobarbituric acid assay. In: Rice-Evans C. A., Diplock A. T., Symons M. C. R. (eds.), Techniques in Free Radical Research. Elservier, Amsterdam, London, New York, Tokyo 1991, 147-148.
• Klusiewicz A., Broniec J., Szczepańska B., Burkhard-Jagodzińska K., Physical efficiency and body composition of Olympic rowing champions in a six-year training cycle [in Polish]. Sport Wyczynowy, 2002, 5-6, 51-67.
• Bartosz G., The other face of oxygen [in Polish]. PWN, 2003.
• Alessio H. M., Goldfarb A. H., Lipid peroxidation and scavenger enzymes during exercise: adaptative response to training. J Appl Physiol, 1988, 64, 1333-1336.
• Evelo C. T., Palmen N. G., Artur Y., Janssen G. M., Changes in blood glutathione concentrations and in erythrocyte glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activity after running training and after participation in contest. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 1992, 64(4), 354-358.
• Miyazaki H., Oh-ishi S., Ookawara T., Kizaki T., Toshinai K., Ha S. et al., Strenuous endurance training in humans reduces oxidative stress following exhausting exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2001, 84, 1-6.
• Lu D., Maulik N., Moraru I. I., Kreutzer D. L., Das D. K., Molecular adaptation of vascular endothelial cells to oxidative stress. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264, C715-C722.
• Marzatico F., Pansarasa O., Bertorelli L., Somenzini L., Della Valle G., Blood free radical antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxides following long-distance and lactacidemic performances in highly trained aerobic and sprint athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 1997, 37, 235-239.
• Ji L. L., Gomez-Cabrera M-C., Vina J., Exercise and hormesis: activation of cellular antioxidant signaling pathway. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2006, 1067, 425-435. DOI: 10.1196/annals.1354.061.[Crossref]
• Sen C. K., Oxidants and antioxidants in exercise. J Appl Physiol, 1995, 79, 675-686.
• Mader A., Hartmann U., Hollmann W., Der Einfluss der Ausdauer auf die 6-minutige maximale anaerobe Arbeitskapazitat eines Eliteruderers. In: Steinacker J. M. (ed.) Rudern. Springer, Berlin 1988, 62-78.
• Criswell D., Powers S., Dodd S., High intensity training induced changes in skeletal muscle antioxidant enzyme activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1993, 25, 1135-1140.
• Radak Z., Taylor A. W., Ohno H., Goto S., Adaptation to exercise-induced oxidative stress: from muscle to brain. Exerc Immunol Rev, 2001, 7, 90-107.
• Marin E., Kretzschmar M., Arokoski J., Hanninen O., Klinger W., Enzymes of glutathione synthesis in dog skeletal muscles and their response to training. Acta Physiol Scand, 1993, 147, 369-373.
• Gunduz F., Senturk U. K., Kuru O., Aktekin B., Aktekin M. R., The effect of one year's swimming exercise on oxidant stress and antioxidant capacity in aged rats. Physiol Res, 2004, 53 (2), 171-176.
• Błaszczyk J., Sibińska E., Kędziora J., Buczyński A., Lewicki R., Kędziora-Kornatowska K. et al., Antioxidative stress and lipid peroxidation processes in red cells during submaximal exercise and restitution [in Polish]. Med Sport, 1994, 32, 3-5.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/v10038-008-0008-5