Extraction of acyclovir from pharmaceutical creams for HPLC assay. Optimization and validation of pretreatment protocols

• Autorzy: Paraskevas Tzanavaras , Constantinos Zacharis
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Three simple protocols for the extraction of acyclovir from its pharmaceutical creams based on ultrasonication, ultrasonication with heating and magnetic stirring were evaluated and compared. Extraction kinetics were studied at different time intervals (5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min) and the extraction efficiency was determined by HPLC. The effect of concentration of aqueous NaOH as the extraction medium and the stirring speed were also studied and optimized. Best results were obtained with 50 mL of 0.01 mol L−1 aqueous NaOH with magnetic stirring speed of 500 r.p.m. HPLC analysis involved rapid separation of acyclovir from the cream matrix using a 100 × 4.6 mm i.d. monolithic column and UV detection at 254 nm. Magnetic stirring produced the best results in terms of extraction efficiency with an average extraction yield of 100.8%, n = 16 at an optimum extraction time of 15 min. The selected protocol was validated for within and day-to-day precision and ruggedness. [...]

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Acyclovir; Extraction protocols; Pharmaceutical creams; HPLC assay; Monolithic stationary phase

• Czasopismo: Open Chemistry
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 6
• Numer: 2
• Strony: 140-144

Daty

wydano

2008-06-01

online

2008-04-17

Twórcy

autor

Paraskevas Tzanavaras

autor

Constantinos Zacharis,

Bibliografia

• [1] Yahoo Health 2004. URL: http://health.yahoo.com
• [2] Healthsquare 2004. URL: http://www.healthsquare.com
• [3] HIVdent 2005. URL: http://www.hivdent.org
• [4] D.C. Messer, L.T. Taylor, Anal. Chem. 66, 1591 (1994) http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00081a039[Crossref]
• [5] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, J. Pharm. Biomed.Anal. 43, 1526 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.11.002[Crossref]
• [6] K. Cabrera, D. Lubda, H-M. Eggenweiler, H. Minakuchi, K. Nakanishi, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 23, 93 (2000) http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4168(20000101)23:1<93::AID-JHRC93>3.0.CO;2-2[Crossref]
• [7] K. Nakanishi, N. Soga, U.S. Patent No 5, 624, 875, 1997
• [8] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, Anal. Chim. Acta 581, 89 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.081[Crossref]
• [9] P.D. Tzanavaras, D.G. Themelis, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 43, 1483 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.10.014[Crossref]
• [10] S. El Deeb, L. Preu, H Watzig, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 44, 85 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2007.01.045[Crossref]
• [11] International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, 1996. Validation of Analytical Procedures: Methodology (Q2B).
• [12] J. M. Green, Anal. Chem. 68, 305A (1996) [Crossref]

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/s11532-008-0002-y