Czasopismo
Tytuł artykułu
Autorzy
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
A total of six products containing legal highs were purchased via the internet from the UK- based retailers and screened for the presence of synthetic cannabinoids using a fast GC-MS method and identified, in the absence of reference materials, by comparing the mass spectra with the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) mass spectral library. Four synthetic cannabinoids were detected: RCS-4, CP-47, 497, UR-144 and AM-2201. The active ingredient (1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(1-naphthoyl) indole), with the street name AM-2201, detected in the product named Doob was isolated and purified from the methanolic extract of the product using preparative HPLC with analytical column (column overloading method). The structure of the substance was confirmed using NMR. This approach used common analytical equipment found in forensic and other analytical laboratories (except for the NMR), therefore can be useful for the identification of unknown psychoactive substances in drugs of abuse.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Numer
Opis fizyczny
Daty
otrzymano
2014-11-19
zaakceptowano
2015-05-06
online
2015-06-15
Twórcy
autor
-
School of Chemistry,
University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom LN6 7TS
autor
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School of Chemistry,
University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom LN6 7TS
autor
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School of Chemistry,
University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom LN6 7TS
Bibliografia
- Choi H., Heo S., Kim E., Hwang B.Y, Lee C., Lee J., Identification of (1-pentylindol-3-yl)-(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone and its 5-pentyl fluorinated analog in herbal incense seized for drug trafficking, Forensic Toxicology, 2013, 31 (1), 86-92.[WoS][Crossref]
- Dargan P.I., Hudson S., Ramsey J., Wood D. M., The impact of changes in UK classification of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists in “Spice”, The International Journal on Drug Policy, 2011, 22(4), 274–7. [WoS]
- Denooz R., Vanheugen J. C., Frederich M., de Tullio P., Charlier C., Identification and structural elucidation of four cannabimimetic compounds (RCS-4, AM-2201, JWH-203 and JWH-210) in seized products, Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2013, 37(2), 56–63. [WoS]
- Elie M.P., Elie L.E., Baron M.G., Keeping pace with NPS releases: fast GC-MS screening of legal high products, Drug Testing and Analysis, 2012, 5(5), 281-290.
- Ernst L., Schiebel H. M., Theuring C., Lindigkeit R., Beuerle T., Identification and characterization of JWH-122 used as new ingredient in “Spice-like” herbal incenses, Forensic Science International, 2011, 208(1-3), e31–5.[WoS]
- Ernst L., Kruger K., Lindigkeit R., Schiebel H. M., Beuerle T., Synthetic cannabinoids in “spice-like” herbal blends: first appearance of JWH-307 and recurrence of JWH-018 on the German market, Forensic Science International, 2012, 222(1-3), 216–22[WoS]
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction-EMCDDA. European Drug Report. Trends and developments 2013. [pdf] Available at http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/edr/trends-developments/2013 , Acessed on 30.06.2013. doi:10.2810/88175[Crossref]
- Fattore L., Fratta W., Beyond THC: The New Generation of Cannabinoid Designer Drugs, Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2011, 5, article number 60. [WoS]
- Huber U., Majors R.E., Principles in Preparative HPLC: A Primer, Agilent Technologies, 2007
- Hudson S., Ramsey J., The emergence and analysis of synthetic cannabinoids, Drug Testing and Analysis, 2011, 3(7-8), 466–78.
- Jankovics P.,Varadi A., Tolgyesi L., Lohner S., Nemeth-Palotas J., Balla J., Detection and identification of the new potential synthetic cannabinoids 1-pentyl-3-(2-iodobenzoyl)indole and 1-pentyl-3-(1-adamantoyl)indole in seized bulk powders in Hungary, Forensic Science International, 2012, 214(1-3), 27–32.[WoS]
- Logan B.K., Reinhold L. E., Xu A., Diamond F. X., 2012. Identification of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal incense blends in the United States, Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2012, 57(5), 1168–80. [Crossref][WoS]
- Makriyannis A., Deng H., 2007, Cannabimimetic Indole Derivates, US Patent No. 2080090871A10 2007
- Moosmann B., Kneisel S., Girreser U., Brecht V., Separation and structural characterization of the synthetic cannabinoids JWH-412 using GC – MS , NMR analysis and a flash chromatography system, Forensic Science International, 2012, 220, 17–22.[WoS]
- SWGDRUG (2013) SWGDRUG Mass Spectral Library Available online at http://www.swgdrug.org/ms.htm , Accessed on 28.03.2013.
- Vardakou I., Pistos C., Spiliopoulou C., Spice drugs as a new trend: mode of action, identification and legislation, Toxicology Letters, 2010, 197(3), 157–62. [WoS]
- Zuba D., Byrska B., Maciow M., Comparison of “herbal highs” composition, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2011, 400(1), 119–26.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_1515_sampre-2015-0004