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EN
Although machine geometry measurements are an important part of mechanical engineering, they alone do not deliver enough information to set up or verify a CNC machine. The behaviour of the machine controller and its drive control settings usually need to be at least checked and in many situations corrected. In this article, on the basis of a developed machine error model, we show that it is sufficient to use a laser interferometer with a straightness measurement module to gather enough information in a single measurement to verify axis geometry and, at the same time, proper settings of machine servo loop gain. The results obtained during dynamic diagonal measurement can then be used to directly amend the servo settings. We prove our assumption in a series of real-world measurements.
EN
Fast, easy and accurate measurement of geometry of numerically controlled machines has always been challenging. With the use of a laser interferometer, it can be precise but it is complex. On the other side, the use of granite reference blocks is fairly easy yet quite limited for many machine types and sizes. Nowadays the improvements in technology open a new way – the instruments based on the detection of laser beam spot position. Those instruments are accurate and easy to use yet, comparing to the laser interferometers and granite blocks, they are sensitive to parameters of a laser source and to changing environmental conditions. In the paper, we analyse experimentally the influence of the type and parameters of laser source on the accuracy of straightness measurements. The most commonly met in practical applications a free space and fibre based laser sources are studied and compared. The influence of environmental conditions on measurement accuracy is also shown. Finally, the conclusions about optimal methods of improving the accuracy of beam position detection methods are drawn.
EN
In the paper we compare the laser based measurements of linear parameters of numerically controlled machines. A new dynamic method of measuring machine positioning is described and compared with the widely used static method. The algorithms of the dynamic method are presented and the comparison results of both methods are shown. It is proven that with the new method the measurement time of linear errors of the CNC machines can be reduced significantly. Additionally the machine wear-out in the linear axes can also be easily and efficiently monitored.
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