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Nowe dane na temat wystąpień szkarłupni w wapieniu muszlowym (środkowy trias) Górnego Śląska

Paszcza Karolina

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 4

156--161

EN

In the Sadowa Góra quarry in Jaworzno, southern Poland, the Muschelkalk deposits are exposed (Lower and Upper Gogolin Beds). The occurrence of echinoderms seems to be particularly interesting. The isolated ossicles of asteroids were found already in the 1st Wellenkalk of the Lower Gogolin Beds (Aegean), which is one of the oldest post-Paleozoic occurrence in the world. Until recently, it was believed that the first echinoids appeared in the Germanic Basin during the Bithynian (above the Conglomeratic Horizon of the Upper Gogolin Beds). Currently, they have been found, similarly to the remains of asteroids, already in the 1 st Wellenkalk. Attention was also drawn to the fact that the stratigraphically important crinoid species Holocrinus dubius may have appeared in Upper Silesia earlier than previously thought.

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Warunki depozycji szczątków kręgowców w osadach środowisk okołopływowych dolnego wapienia muszlowego (anizyku) w kopalni „Stare Gliny” koło Olkusza

Matysik M., Surmik D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 7

495--503

EN

A detailed sedimentological study of the Lower-Middle Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic) carbonate succession exposed at the “Stare Gliny” quarry near Olkusz (Kraków-Silesia region, southern Poland) revealed numerous vertebrate remains within its lowermost sedimentary unit. This 7-m-thick package onlaps a gently-inclined surface of a paleoisland made of the Devonian (Givetian) dolostones, and was deposited during a transgressive phase of the second Middle Triassic transgression onto the southern Poland. The package consists largely of: 1) unfossiliferous dolosiltites and fine-grained dolarenites, the tops of which commonly contain root molds and small-scale karstic forms; 2) breccias (minor conglomerates) with lithoclasts of Givetian dolostones; 3) dolocretes; and 4) dolomitic shales. This lithofacies association represents a restricted lagoon which experienced longer periods of emersion. A minor occurrence of cryptalgal laminites reflects only temporary sedimentation in the intertidal zone of a tidal flat. The bone fragments occur within all types of lithofacies, but the macroscopically distinguishable specimens have been found exclusively in the dolocretes. The poor preservation and advanced disarticulation of bones hinder unequivocal assessment of their affinity. The small size of bones suggests that they represent prolacertiforms (perhaps juvenile Macrocnemus) or other small archosauromorphs similar in sizes to Protorosaurus or Czatkowiella whose remains were found in the 1950s within cave deposits, in the same outcrop. Macrocnemus widely inhabited Middle Triassic lagoons and tidal flats across Paleo-Europe and thus seems to fit well to the peritidal setting surrounding the “Stare Gliny” paleoisland. The bone-bearing package occurs 30 metres below the 5-m-thick oncolitic package that is widely regarded as a correlation horizon over the entire Kraków-Silesia region, and 15 metres below the sequence boundary marking the top of the Górażdże Beds in the Opole region and the Olkusz Bedsin the Kraków-Silesiaregion.On the basis of the secor relations,a conclusion can be made that the vertebrate assemblage is Bithynian/Pelsonian (middle Anisian) in age.

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Trace fossils from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Gorne (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland) and their palaeoenvironmental interpretation

Chrząstek A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2013

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Vol. 63, no. 3

315--353

EN

The following trace fossils have been recognised in the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Gorne (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland): Archaeonassa fossulata, Balanoglossites triadicus, ?Gastrochaenolites isp., Lockeia isp., Palaeophycus tubularis, Palaeophycus isp., ?Planolites beverleyensis, P. montanus, Planolites isp., ?Protovirgularia isp., Rhizocorallium commune var. auriforme, R. commune var. irregulare, R. jenense, Skolithos linearis, Thalassinoides suevicus and Trypanites weisei. Coprolites and an unidentified trace fossil A are also described. The trace fossils allow the discrimination of five ichnoassociations in the Raciborowice G1) Rhizocorallium- Pholeus, (IA 2) Rhizocorallium-Palaeophycus, (IA 3) Thalassinoides, (IA 4) Trypanites-Balanoglossites and (IA 5) Planolites-Palaeophycus. The Lower Muschelkalk succession was deposited on a shallow carbonate ramp affected by frequent storms. Deposition commenced with sedimentation in a restricted lagoon on the inner ramp with a short episode of sabkha formation. It continued on the middle and outer ramp and then on a skeletal shoal of the outer ramp and in an open basin. Ichnoassociation IA 5 is related to a maximum transgression that commenced with the deposition of the Spiriferina Bed and which probably marked the opening of the Silesian-Moravian Gate. The basin underwent two shallowing episodes, as evidenced by ichnoassociations IA 3-IA 4, resulting in the formation of hardgrounds. Bathymetric changes in the Raciborowice Gorne section correspond well with a general transgressive trend in the Germanic Basin.

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Vertebrate remains from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Górne (North-Sudetic Basin, SW Poland)

Chrząstek A.

Geological Quarterly

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2008

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Vol. 52, No 3

225-225

EN

Vertebrate remains, mostly fish teeth and scales, are described from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Górne, North-Sudetic Basin, SW Poland. The assemblage occurs in dark grey organodetrital limestone of unit C. Vertebrate remains, represented mainly by vertebrate bones and coprolites, are also known from unit B. Five taxa of chondrichthyan teeth — Acrodus lateralis, Acrodus cf. lateralis, Acrodus sp., Palaeobates angustissimus, Palaeobates sp. and, for the first time from this region, two taxa of osteichthyan remains — teeth of Birgeria sp., scales from Gyrolepis sp. as well as scales from unclassified actinopterygians and enigmatic bones (fishes?) are described from the Lower Muschelkalk at Raciborowice Górne. Reptile teeth represent ing the Nothosauridae or Cymatosauridae have been found for the first time at this locality. They were discovered in the Bone Bed of unit C, that had previously only yielded fish teeth. The material collected has allowed reconstruction of the vertebrate as semblage of the Lower Muschelkalk of the North-Sudetic Basin. It has also helped to constrain reconstructions of the palaeoenvironment, sugesting that it represented a deepening lagoon. The assemblage has been correlated with age-equivalents from other regions of Europe, the faunas from the Holy Cross Mts. (Central Poland) being the closest analogy. The evidence indicates that, during the deposition of units Band C that, contain the vertebrate remains, connection with the Tethys Ocean was through the Silesian–Moravian and East Carpathian marine gateways.