Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Starzenie mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych zawierających asfalty wysokomodyfikowane HiMA

Szołtysik Joanna, Sorociak Wojciech, Kwiecień Sławomir

Materiały Budowlane

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2026

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nr 4

59--60

2

Analiza starzeniowa siatek kompozytowych do wzmacniania konstrukcji murowych

Kałuża Marta, Kotala Bernard

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2025

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R. 81, nr 5

506--509

PL

Zastosowanie powierzchniowego wzmocnienia jest efektywnym sposobem zwiększenia nośności na ścinanie ścian murowanych. Skuteczność takich systemów jest analizowana w trakcie badań doraźnych, co gwarantuje brak wpływu efektu starzenia materiałów. Jednakże, w rzeczywistych warunkach, proces starzenia odgrywa istotną rolę, wpływa bowiem na trwałość i skuteczność wzmocnienia. W artykule przedstawiono wstępne wyniki badań starzeniowych siatek z włókien szklanych podjęte w ramach prac TC-290 IMC organizacji RILEM. Proces starzenia polegał na moczeniu siatek w roztworze CaOH o stężeniu 0,16% w temperaturze 23°C bądź 40°C, przez okres 1000, 2000 i 3000 godzin. Badania rozciągania siatek wykonano dla 7 serii, z których jedna była referencyjna, a pozostałe obejmowały siatki poddane starzeniu. Analiza wyników badań pokazała, że wpływ temperatury roztworu jest znaczący, gdyż w przypadku podwyższonej temperatury (40°C), a więc intensywniejszego procesu starzenia, odnotowano znaczne obniżenia wytrzymałości i odkształcalności, przekraczające 30% wartości pomierzonej w serii referencyjnej. W przypadku temperatury roztworu wynoszącej 23°C obniżenia te wynosiły niewiele ponad 10%. Ciekawym spostrzeżeniem był fakt, że wraz z upływem czasu intensywność zachodzących zmian malała, a uzyskane po 3000 godzin moczenia obniżenie wartości analizowanych parametrów uległo stabilizacji.

EN

The application of surface strengthening is an effective method to increase the shear capacity of masonry walls. The effectiveness of such systems is analyzed during ad hoc tests, which guarantees no effect of aging. However, under real conditions, the aging process plays an important role, as it affects the durability and effectiveness of the strengthening. This article presents preliminary results of aging tests performed on glass fiber meshes undertaken as part of the TC-290 IMC work of the RILEM organization. The aging process consisted of soaking the meshes in a 0.16% CaOH solution at either 23°C or 40°C, for periods of 1000, 2000 and 3000 hours. Tensile tests on the meshes were performed for 7 series, one of which was a reference, and the others included aged meshes. Analysis of the test results showed that the effect of the solution temperature was significant, as in the case of an increased temperature (40°C), and therefore a more intensive aging process, significant reductions in strength and deformability were recorded, exceeding 30% of the value measured in the reference series. For a solution temperature of 23°C, the reductions were just over 10%. An interesting observation was that with the passage of time, the intensity of the changes taking place decreased, and the reductions in the values of the analyzed parameters obtained after 3000 hours of soaking stabilized.

3

Impact of aging on anterior segment morphology and aqueous humor dynamics in human Eyes: Advanced imaging and computational techniques

Karimi Alireza, Darche Marie, Stanik Ansel, Razaghi Reza, Mirafzal Iman, Hassani Kamran, Hassani Mojtaba, White Elizabeth, Gantar Ivana, Pagès Stéphane, Batti Laura, Acott Ted S., Paques Michel

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 45, iss. 1

62--73

EN

Objective: Aging results in significant structural and functional changes in the anterior segment of the eye, influencing intraocular pressure (IOP) and overall ocular health. Although aging is a well-established risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, the specific mechanisms through which aging drives morphological changes in anterior segment tissues and affects aqueous humor dynamics remain incompletely understood. Methods: In this study, we employed cutting-edge light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) to capture high-resolution, volumetric images of cleared human donor eyes’ anterior segment tissues. This advanced imaging enabled a comprehensive morphological analysis of key parameters, including central and peripheral corneal thickness (CCT and PCT), iris thickness, anterior chamber area (ACA), and ciliary body area (CBA). By integrating these morphological parameters with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, we analyzed aqueous humor dynamics across n = 6 female human donor eyes, spanning a wide age range of 5 to 94 years (all of Caucasian descent). Results: The CCT and PCT demonstrated thinning with age, accompanied by a reduction in ACA. In contrast, the CBA remained relatively stable across all age groups. Computational fluid dynamics analysis showed a decline in aqueous humor velocity and wall shear stress, with younger eyes exhibiting higher velocities and shear stress, compared to older eyes. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the value of integrating LSFM and CFD approaches to provide a detailed understanding of how aging impacts the anterior segment and its fluid dynamics. This study contributes to the understanding of age-related ocular changes, highlighting the importance of considering these changes in the diagnosis and management of age-related eye diseases.

4

Microstructural Characterization of as-Cast and Cold Deformed Precipitation Strengthened Cu-3Ti-3Ni-0.5Si Alloy

Liu Jia, Liu Jituo, Wang Xinhua

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2025

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Vol. 70, iss. 1

335--340

EN

In this work, the microstructure and recrystallization behavior of Cu-3Ti-3Ni-0.5Si alloy after thermomechanical processing were investigated by light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the as-cast Cu-3Ti-3Ni-0.5Si alloy consists of NiTi, Ni3Si, Ni2Si phases and Cu matrix, and the phase transformation occurs twice during the cooling process. Moreover, with increase of aging temperature, the precipitates in the Cu-3Ti-3Ni-0.5Si alloy matrix changes from rod-liked morphology to spherical shape, and the sizes and volume fraction of the spherical precipitates increase progressively. Furthermore, the number of the recrystallization grain increases with increase of the aging temperature, thus leading to decrease on the grain size. In addition, the fraction of low angle grain boundaries decreases, whereas the fraction of high angle grain boundary increases with increase of aging temperature.

5

The influence of aging on the load capacity of adhesive lap joints made of aluminum alloy EN AW-2024-T3

Ozga Ewelina, Zielecki Władysław

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2024

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nr 4

19--27

EN

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of environmental ageing on the load capacity of single-lap adhesive joints made of EN AW-2024-T3 aluminum alloy, subjected to and not subjected to pneumatic shot peening. Adhesive joints were made using two-component epoxy adhesive Loctite EA 3430. Half of the formed joints were strengthened by pneumatic shot peening of the overlap zone. The shot peening time was 120 s, the ball diameter was 1.0 mm, and the compressed air pressure was 0.5 MPa. The adhesive joints were then subjected to different variants of ageing in natural conditions. Individual variants differed in the length of ageing. The next step was to examine the load capacity of the adhesive joints using a static tensile test. The results were subjected to statistical analyzes, including analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression and correlation analysis, and Student's t test. Based on the analyzes, it was found that for the assumed range of input factor variability, ageing of joints not subjected to shot peening increased their load capacity by 38%. Aging of joints strengthened by shot peening resulted in a 62% decrease in their load capacity. The ageing length had a significant effect on the load capacity of the adhesive joints.

PL

Celem pracy była ocena wpływu starzenia środowiskowego na nośność połączeń klejowych jednozakładkowych ze stopu aluminium EN AW-2024-T3, które poddano i nie poddano procesowi pneumokulkowania. Połączenia klejowe wykonano z użyciem dwuskładnikowego kleju epoksydowego Loctite EA 3430. Połowę utworzonych połączeń umocniono za pomocą pneumokulkowania strefy zakładki. Czas pneumokulkowania wynosił 120 s, średnica kulek 1,0 mm, a ciśnienie sprężonego powietrza 0,5 MPa. Następnie, połączenia klejowe poddano różnym wariantom starzenia w warunkach naturalnych. Poszczególne warianty różniły się długością starzenia. Kolejnym krokiem było zbadanie nośności połączeń klejowych za pomocą statycznej próby rozciągania. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizom statystycznym, które obejmowały przeprowadzenie jednoczynnikowej analizy wariancji ANOVA, analizy regresji, korelacji i testu t-Studenta. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz stwierdzono, że dla przyjętego zakresu zmienności czynników wejściowych, starzenie połączeń niepoddanych pneumokulkowaniu, zwiększyło ich nośność o 38%. Starzenie połączeń umocnionych w procesie pneumokulkowania spowodowało natomiast zmniejszenie ich nośności o 62%. Długość starzenia miała istotny wpływ na nośność połączeń klejowych.

6

Influence of polymer flow rate, mold cavity volume and injection speed on selected properties of polypropylene molded parts

Palutkiewicz Paweł, Garbacz Tomasz, Hura Łukasz

Polimery

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2024

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Vol. 69, nr 7-8

430--437

EN

Influence of the height of the molding cavity and the injection speed for three PP grades with different mass melt flow rate (MFR) on the molded parts mass and longitudinal shrinkage, before and after UV aging, was investigated. It was shown that the mass of the molded parts depends on the flow rate of the material and the volume of the molding cavity, while shrinkage depends only on the volume of the mold cavity and is greater after aging.

PL

Zbadano wpływ wysokości gniazda formującego i prędkości wtrysku dla trzech odmian PP o różnym wskaźniku szybkości płynięcia (MFR) na masę wyprasek oraz skurcz wzdłużny, przed i po starzeniu UV. Wykazano, że masa wyprasek zależy od szybkości przepływu tworzywa i objętości gniazda formującego, skurcz tylko od objętości gniazda formy i jest większy po starzeniu.

7

Wpływ czasu eksploatacji systemu elektroenergetycznego statku powietrznego na jakość energii w stanach nieustalonych

Michalak Sławomir, Tokarski Tomasz

Journal of KONBiN

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2024

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Vol. 54, iss. 1

47--63

PL

W pracy omówiono znaczenie parametrów energii elektrycznej w stanach nieustalonych dla oceny zdolności sieci elektroenergetycznej statku powietrznego do samoregulacji. Wykazano, iż na jakość energii elektrycznej systemu elektroenergetycznego statku powietrznego wpływa czas jego eksploatacji. Zmiany starzeniowe wynikające z długotrwałej eksploatacji systemu elektroenergetycznego powodują pogorszenie parametrów energii elektrycznej, a to wpływa bezpośrednio na zdatność do lotów oraz bezpieczeństwo latania. Zachowanie normatywnych parametrów energii w stanach nieustalonych jest bardzo istotne dla zapewnienia prawidłowej eksploatacji statku powietrznego. W artykule opisano metodę pomiarów jakości energii elektrycznej w stanach nieustalonych, a na przykładzie systemu elektroenergetycznego prądu stałego samolotu Su-22 przedstawiono istotę diagnostyki jego sieci w stanach nieustalonych. Zaprezentowano również przykładowe wyniki badań, przeprowadzonych przez autorów, dotyczących zmian parametrów energii elektrycznej w stanach nieustalonych samolotu Su-22, uzyskane w czasie jego wieloletniej eksploatacji.

EN

The paper presents the importance of electricity parameters in transient states for assessing the ability of an aircraft's power grid to self-regulate. It has been shown that the quality of electrical energy of an aircraft's power system is influenced by its operating time. Aging changes resulting from long-term operation of the power system cause deterioration of electrical energy parameters, which directly affects airworthiness and flying safety. Maintaining standard energy parameters in transient states is very important to ensure proper operation of the aircraft. The article describes the method of measuring the quality of electricity in transient states, and using the example of the DC power system of the Su 22 aircraft, the essence of its network diagnostics in transient states is presented. Also presented are sample results of research conducted by the authors regarding changes in electrical energy parameters in transient states of the Su 22 aircraft, obtained during its many years of operation.

8

Procesy starzeniowe asfaltów i ich wpływ na parametry mieszanki mineralno-asfaltowej

Szołtysik Joanna, Sorociak Wojciech, Kwiecień Sławomir

Drogownictwo

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2024

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nr 1-2

68--70

PL

W niniejszym artykule opisano zagadnienie starzenia asfaltów, obejmujące różnorodne czynniki materiałowe jak i środowiskowe. Wskazano zjawiska termooksydacji jako najbardziej wpływowe w procesach starzeniowych, wyróżniono także zjawisko promieniowania UV jako pomijanego w ustandaryzowanych badaniach. Porównano starzenie asfaltów drogowych oraz modyfikowanych, a także przełożenie zmian w ich wewnętrznej strukturze na pracę mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych.

EN

This article describes the issue of asphalt aging, including various material and environmental factors. Thermooxidation phenomena were indicated as the most influential in aging process, phenomenon of UV radiation was described as omitted in standardized tests. The aging of unmodified and modified asphalts was compared, as well as the impact of changes in their internal structure on the performance of asphalt mixtures.

9

The influence of maintaining proper technical condition on the aging of multi-family residential buildings constructed in traditional technology

Wrzesiński Grzegorz, Kowalski Jan, Pawluk Katarzyna, Lendo-Siwicka Marzena

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 70, nr 4

215--232

EN

The paper analyses 100 multi-family residential buildings with basements made in traditional technology, with a usable area from 604.50 m2 to 2315.00 m2, built between 1952 and 1958 in the Masovian Voivodship. For the analysed buildings, individual elements were inspected once a year and their technical condition was determined. The research was conducted in 2018-2022 and focused on three selected buildings. The results of the study carried out by the authors were used to determine the degree of their aging using the visual method and to compare the results with those obtained from computational methods, e.g., time methods: linear, non-linear, parabolic. The main emphasis in the article is on faulty repairs of buildings, often without proper supervision and the impact of this phenomenon on the accelerated aging of buildings. Although the faulty repairs are common, they are omitted in the methods of predicting the aging of buildings. The paper also presents the analysis of the repair management carried out on the basis of post-inspection rcommendations. The results of the conducted analysis confirm that the visual method is the most accurate to determine the degree of wear and tear of the building due to the possibility to determine its actual condition, considering account of the renovations carried out and their quality. The value of the degree of technical wear of selected buildings Sz was similar for visual and time methods.

PL

Utrzymanie należytego stanu technicznego budynków mieszkalnych wielorodzinnych jest jednym z najistotniejszych czynników determinujących proces ich starzenia się. Zgodnie z art. 61 ustawy Prawo budowlane właściciel lub zarządca obiektu budowlanego jest obowiązany utrzymywać i użytkować obiekt zgodnie z jego przeznaczeniem i wymaganiami ochrony środowiska oraz utrzymywać w należytym stanie technicznym i estetycznym, nie dopuszczając do nadmiernego pogorszenia jego właściwości użytkowych i sprawności technicznej, a także zapewnić bezpieczne użytkowanie obiektu w razie wystąpienia czynników zewnętrznych oddziaływujących na obiekt, związanych z działaniem człowieka lub sił natury. Zgodnie z art. 62 ustawy Prawo budowlane oraz Rozporządzeniem Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji z dnia 16 sierpnia 1999 r. w sprawie warunków technicznych użytkowania budynków mieszkalnych obowiązkiem właściciela lub zarządcy obiektu budowlanego jest poddawanie kontroli okresowej budynków co najmniej raz w roku przez osoby uprawnione, w celu zdiagnozowania usterek. Zgodnie z tym Rozporządzeniem protokoły z kontroli powinny stanowić podstawę do sporządzenia zestawienia robót remontowych budynków. Tymczasem rzeczywistość pokazuje, że nie wszystkie budynki poddawane są regularnym kontrolom okresowym i niezbędnym naprawom w trakcie ich użytkowania, a wiele z wykonywanych remontów jest przeprowadzanych w sposób nieprawidłowy. Prowadzi to do obniżania właściwości użytkowych poszczególnych jego składowych oraz przyspieszenia procesu starzenia się budynków. W trakcie procesu użytkowania budynków, szczególnie nie poddawanych regularnym kontrolom okresowym, przydatna jest prognoza procesu starzenia się budynków. Zgodnie z normą przewidywanie degradacji budynku powinno polegać na prognozowaniu zmian właściwości użytkowych w czasie. W tym celu zgodnie z normami należy opracować procedury związane z przewidywanym okresem użytkowania budynków oraz program starzenia uwzględniający najbardziej istotne mechanizmy degradacji. W referacie przeanalizowano 100 budynków mieszkalnych wielorodzinnych podpiwniczonych wykonanych w technologii tradycyjnej, o powierzchni użytkowej od 604,50 m2 do 2315,00 m2, wybudowanych w latach 1952-1958 w województwie mazowieckim. Dla analizowanych budynków dokonywano raz w roku kontroli poszczególnych elementów oraz określano ich stan techniczny. Badania prowadzono w latach 2018-2022. Wyniki przeprowadzonych przez Autorów badań posłużyły do określenia metodą wizualną stopnia ich starzenia się i porównania otrzymanych wyników z wynikami otrzymywanymi z metod obliczeniowych, m.in. z metod czasowych: liniowa, nieliniowa, paraboliczna. Główny nacisk w artykule położono na wykonywanie remontów obiektów w sposób wadliwy, często bez odpowiedniego nadzoru i wpływu tego zjawiska na przyspieszone starzenie się budynków. Jest to zjawisko powszechne, ale nieuwzględniane w powszechnie znanych metodach prognozy starzenia budynków. W referacie przedstawiono również analizę dotyczącą występowania najczęstszych usterek na obiektach oraz prowadzonej gospodarki remontowej na podstawie zaleceń pokontrolnych.

10

Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking of Selected Amorphous Polymer Materials in a Sea-Water Environment

Chomiak Monika, Szymiczek Małgorzata, Sarraj Sara

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 3

1--13

EN

This paper aimed to determine the susceptibility of polycarbonate and polymethylmethacrylate to corrosion cracking under specific operating conditions. The tests included static tensile and flexure, impact strength, and microscopic examination. Due to the synergistic effect of tensile stresses and seawater environment, numerous cracks are observed. Moreover, aging conditions did not significantly reduce the strength properties of the tested specimens; thus, higher resistance to stress corrosion cracking does not have a close relationship with the material's mechanical properties.

11

Embracing cohousing: advancing socio-ecologicalhousing models for the future

Cordeiro Bárbara Abreu, Szczygiel Nina, Dias Ana Alexandra da Costa

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2023

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Vol. 27, No. 2

57--74

EN

The existing challenges posed by sustainability, population aging, and social disconnection demand comprehensive actions from policymakers, organizations, and individuals. Cohousing offers a promising solution as an intelligent, sustainable, and socially oriented housing model that addresses these challenges simultaneously. This study aims to enhance our understanding of the successful creation, development, and management of cohousing communities. Through 19 in-depth interviews with representatives from nine communities across six countries, the data was analyzed using content analysis and the Atlas TI software. The findings stress the importance of raising public awareness, collaborating with policymakers and financial institutions, and involving skilled professionals. Additionally, the study highlights the pivotal role of management in the entire process of establishing and maintaining cohousing communities, as well as shaping their overall strategy.

PL

Istniejące wyzwania związane ze zrównoważonym rozwojem, starzeniem się społeczeństwa i wykluczeniem społecznym wymagają kompleksowych działań ze strony ustawodawców, organizacji i osób prywatnych. Cohousing oferuje obiecujące rozwiązanie jako inteligentny, zrównoważony i zorientowany społecznie model mieszkaniowy, który jednocześnie odpowiada na te wyzwania. Badanie to ma na celu lepsze zrozumienie skutecznego tworzenia, rozwoju i zarządzania społecznościami cohousingowymi. Na podstawie 19 dogłębnych wywiadów z przedstawicielami dziewięciu społeczności z sześciu krajów dane zostały przeanalizowane przy użyciu analizy treści i oprogramowania Atlas TI. Wyniki podkreślają znaczenie podnoszenia świadomości społecznej, współpracy z ustawodawcami i instytucjami finansowymi oraz angażowania wykwalifikowanych specjalistów. Ponadto badanie podkreśla kluczową rolę zarządzania w całym procesie tworzenia i utrzymywania wspólnot cohousingowych, a także kształtowania ich ogólnej strategii.

12

Modelling the age-related decrease in ballistic limit velocity of polycarbonate vision panels using a Johnson-Cook material model coupled with variable failure criteria

Uhlmann Eckart, Polte Mitchel, Bergström Nils, Le Vu Ninh

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2023

|

Vol. 23, No. 3

86--97

EN

Machine tools are equipped with polycarbonate vision panels that allow the operator to observe the machining process and protect him from ejected fragments. Adequate protection is demonstrated by impact tests. However, polycarbonate is subject to aging processes, which diminish the protective performance of such panels. This paper presents an approach for modelling aging effects on the ballistic limit velocity of polycarbonate using Finite Element simulations. A Johnson-Cook material model in conjunction with variable failure criteria was used for the simulations. Aging effects on the ballistic limit velocity were included in the model by adjusting the failure criteria. Material parameters and failure criteria were derived from experimental impact and tensile tests on unaged and aged polycarbonate specimen. The numerical results predict the ballistic limit velocity with a maximum deviation of 0.98%. The model provides a more in-depth understanding of the aging effects on the safety performance of polycarbonate vision panels.

13

Using cognitive models to understand and counteract the effect of self-induced bias on recommendation algorithms

Pawłowska Justyna, Rydzewska Klara, Wierzbicki Adam

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research

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2023

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Vol. 13, No. 2

73--94

EN

Recommendation algorithms trained on a training set containing sub-optimal decisions may increase the likelihood of making more bad decisions in the future. We call this harmful effect self-induced bias, to emphasize that the bias is driven directly by the user’s past choices. In order to better understand the nature of self-induced bias of recommendation algorithms that are used by older adults with cognitive limitations, we have used agent-based simulation. Based on state-of-the-art results in psychology of aging and cognitive science, as well as our own empirical results, we have developed a cognitive model of an e-commerce client that incorporates cognitive decision-making abilities. We have evaluated the magnitude of self-induced bias by comparing results achieved by simulated agents with and without cognitive limitations due to age. We have also proposed new recommendation algorithms designed to counteract self-induced bias. The algorithms take into account user preferences and cognitive abilities relevant to decision making. To evaluate the algorithms, we have introduced 3 benchmarks: a simple product filtering method and two types of widely used recommendation algorithms: Content-Based and Collaborative filtering. Results indicate that the new algorithms outperform benchmarks both in terms of increasing the utility of simulated agents (both old and young), and in reducing self-induced bias.

14

An assessment of the reliability of CFRP composites used in nodes of friction after impact of UV-A impacts and thermal shocks

Krzyzak Aneta, Racinowski Damian, Szczepaniak Robert, Kosicka Ewelina

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2023

|

Vol. 25, no. 4

art. no. 174221

EN

This article describes the results of tribological research into epoxy-based composites reinforced with carbon fiber. The composites were subjected to accelerated tests simulating asemi-annual influence of environmental conditions of an elevated temperature, precipitation in combination with an influence of UV-A radiation of 0.83 W/m2 as well as cyclic thermal shocks causing a leap temperature difference of 116.5°C. The process of friction was conducted in conditions of dry friction and wet friction in the presence of water. The authors found apositive influence of a two-month impact of environmental conditions upon increasing wear resistance. They found a reduction in weight in conditions of friction with water. At the same time, a reliability analysis for the same boundary conditions showed an increased risk of critical composite damage. The article indicates areas of safe exploitation of composites and areas of the necessity of withdrawing composites from further exploitation under the assumed environmental and tribological loads.

15

The influence of aging on buckle strength loss in AA5182-H48 for beverage can ends

Kokoszka Paweł, Milenin Andrij

Computer Methods in Materials Science

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2023

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Vol. 23, No. 4

5--17

EN

The paper examines the influence of aging on buckling strength loss for aluminum alloy 5182 beverage can ends. In the experimental study, aging took place naturally and artificially. For the buckling strength testing, a special experimental technique was used, which was based on measuring the internal pressure leading to the destruction of the beverage can ends. The experimental results show that the beverage can ends indicate a significant time-dependent buckle strength loss. For example, a year of aging can end at 20°C leading to a decrease in its strength by 5%. Half of this decrease occurs in the first 3–4 weeks. The aging phenomenon also got worse with increasing temperature. It has been found that increasing the aging temperature to 40°C results in an 8% reduction in buckling strength after 4 weeks of aging. The whole life cycle, from its production to the processes it undergoes and storage time, was analyzed. At the same time, tests were carried out for both the input material and the product itself. On this basis, the mechanical properties and their change depending on time or temperature were examined. All specimens made from can end stock (CES) were also found to not show the same drop of mechanical properties as for the buckling of finished ends. The obtained experimental allowed the development of an empirical mathematical model that makes it possible to predict the buckling strength of the can end depending on the conditions of aging and temperature of testing. The present study showed the importance of temperature conditions used in can filling lines in the determination of resistance to changes in buckling for the ends.

16

Influence of Aging Time at 850°C on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of a Cold Rolled 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

Assumpção Raphael França, Fortes Monteiro Jessica C., Campideli Victor Cardoso, Santos Dagoberto, Sicupira Dalila C.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 2

681--688

EN

The effect of aging time at 850°C for 300 s, 600 s, 1800 s, and 84600 s on the microstructural evolution and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) was studied after cold rolling up to 60% of reduction. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy were used for microstructural characterization. The corrosion behavior was studied by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and electrochemical impedance technique (EIS) in 3.5% NaCl solution and the susceptibility to sensitization was investigated through the double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (DL-EPR) test in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.1 M NaCl + 0.002 M KSCN solution. After cold working, increasing aging time led to an increase in sigma phase precipitation and a decrease in pitting corrosion resistance. However, the ultrafine microstructure had a beneficial influence on the self-healing effect in Cr and Mo depleted areas with the increasing of aging time, resulting in higher passivation ability. The DSS 2205 type was not susceptible to intergranular corrosion for the aged conditions applied.

17

The Influence of Operational Exposure on Changes in Parameters of Effective Camouflage of Coatings Used in Military Technology

Michalski Marek, Pisarek Uszula, Radek Norbert, Przybył Wojciech, Szczepaniak Marcin

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 1

182--196

EN

The paper presents an assessment of the effect of artificial aging conditions on the properties of varnish coating systems used for effective masking of military equipment and the service life of this type of coating protections was determined. As part of the research, operational exposures were simulated in the form of: accelerated corrosion tests in an artificial atmosphere in accordance with PN-EN ISO 12944-6, a continuous condensation environment at elevated temperature in accordance with the PN-EN ISO 6270-2 standard and short-term temperature impact up to 250 °C. The evaluation of the properties was carried out on the basis of measurements of the surface geometric structure and adhesion by the peel-off method. On the other hand, measurements of specular gloss, color in the range of 400-700 nm and reflectance in the range of 350-1200 nm were made in relation to the requirements of the Polish Defence Standard NO-80-A200. The operational durability of the paint coatings was assessed in terms of damage in accordance with PN-EN-ISO 4628.

18

Oxidative Aging Characterization of Pyro-Oil Modified Binders Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Bhagat Nikita Taran, Hadole Hemantkumar Prakash, Ranadive Mahadeo Sambhaji

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 1

140--149

EN

The numerous uses for plastics in various industries have led to an increase in its manufacturing on a global scale over time. The accumulation of plastic waste is a direct result of the daily rise in plastic demand. One of the effective and trending ways of reducing the impact of plastic waste on the environment is to pyrolyze it and use the oil obtained from it as fuel for power generation, heating, extraction of chemicals, or as an asphalt binder modifier. In this study, an attempt was made for the modification of asphalt binder with the oil obtained from plastic waste pyrolysis known as pyro-oil, and to analyse aging properties of the modified binder. This paper deals with the modification of VG30 binder with pyro-oil obtained from High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste and the analysing the effect of aging on the modified binders. Pyro-oil is yielded from the pyrolysis process of HDPE at about 750°C. The modified binders were prepared by adding 1%, 2%, and 3% pyro-oil by total weight of VG30. The effect of aging for the unmodified and modified binders was analyzed using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The binders were short term aged and the changes in their chemical functionalities before and after aging were analyzed. Results of the FTIR test were used to calculate functional group indices for evaluating the aging characteristics of the modified binders. It was observed that binder chemistry is influenced by aging.

19

Aminokwasy, glikany, peptydy i białka w ścieżkach diagnostycznych i terapeutycznych chorób cywilizacyjnych XXI wieku : projektowanie i charakterystyka fizykochemiczna oraz strukturalna

Bylińska Irena, Dzierżyńska Maria, Giżyńska Małgorzata, Guzow Katarzyna, Jankowska Elżbieta, Jurczak Przemysław, Kaczyński Zbigniew, Karska Natalia, Kowalczyk Agnieszka, Kuncewicz Katarzyna, Orlikowska Marta, Sawicka Justyna, Spodzieja Marta, Szpakowska Nikola, Szymańska Aneta, Wieczerzak Ewa, Witkowska Julia, Rodziewicz-Motowidło Sylwia

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2022

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[Z] 76, 5-6

393--431

EN

The civilization diseases of the 21st century are non-infectious disorders, affecting a large part of modern society. They are associated with the significant development of industry and technology, and hence with environmental pollution and an unhealthy lifestyle. These factors have led to the development of many civilization diseases, which currently include: cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, obesity, malignant tumors, gastrointestinal diseases, mental disorders and allergic diseases. The development of technologies, including modern therapies and new drugs, resulted in increase in life expectancy. This creates a global problem of an aging population with an increasing number of diseases of the old age, i.e. dementias. In addition, sedentary lifestyles and changing diets are the reasons why more and more people develop metabolic diseases, as well as neurological and cognitive disorders characterized by progressive damage to nerve cells and dementia. Currently, problem on a global scale is also the growing resistance to existing antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, the scientists face many challenges related to searching for the causes of these diseases, their diagnosis and treatment. Scientific research conducted at the Department of Biomedical Chemistry at the Faculty of Chemistry of the University of Gdańsk is part of this research trend. In this publication, we discuss various research topics with the long-term aim of solving the problems associated with the diseases mentioned above. The following chapters are dedicated to (i) looking for new effective fluorophores with diagnostic and anti-cancer activity; (ii) designing of new compounds with antibacterial and antiviral activity and their synthesis; (iii) investigating the mechanisms of amyloid deposit formation by human cystatin C and possibilities of inhibition of this process; (iv) designing and studies of compounds activating the proteasome with the potential to suppress the development of neurodegenerative diseases; (v) designing peptide fibrils and hydrogels as drug carriers; (vi) searching for peptide inhibitors of immune checkpoint as potential drugs for immunotherapy; (vii) studying the mechanism of action of selected herpesviruses by determining the structure of viral proteins and (viii) studying the composition of natural glycans and glycoconjugates in order to better understand the mechanisms of interaction of bacteria with the environment or with the host.

20

Prediction of long-term performance of thermoplastic composites, based on accelerated aging test results

Siwek Artur, Malinowski Łukasz, Bednarowski Dariusz, Król Julita, Nowak Tomasz

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 3

32--37

EN

In this paper the results of accelerated aging tests of two grades of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are presented. The degradation process of the mechanical properties was monitored with the help of 3-point bending test, supported with the results of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. Based on performed experiments, it can be concluded that the hydrolysis resistant (HR) PBT ages approximately 3 times slower as compared to standard grade. To predict the long-term behaviour of studied materials, the time-temperature superposition concept was applied. The respective shift factors, describing degradation of material properties as a function of time, were derived. It was found that the temperature increases by 10°C and relative humidity (RH) increase by 10% decrease the expected material life time by a factor of 2.5 and 1.3, respectively.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki przyspieszonych testów starzenia dwóch rodzajów poli(tereftalanu butylenu) (PBT). Proces degradacji właściwości mechanicznych monitorowano za pomocą 3-punktowego testu zginania, popartego wynikami pomiarów chromatografii żelowej (GPC). Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że PBT odporny na hydrolizę (HR) starzeje się ok. 3 razy wolniej w porównaniu ze standardową wersją. Aby przewidzieć długoterminowe zachowanie badanych materiałów, zastosowano koncepcję superpozycji czasowo-temperaturowej. Wyprowadzono odpowiednie czynniki przesunięcia opisujące degradację właściwości materiału w funkcji czasu. Stwierdzono, że wzrost temperatury o 10°C i wzrost wilgotności względnej (RH) o 10% zmniejszają przewidywany czas życia materiału o odpowiednio 2,5 i 1,3.