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1
Content available remote The structure and mechanical properties of PBS, PCL and PBAT modified with Laponite
Malinowski Rafał, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Grytsenko Oleksandr, Moravskyi Volodymyr, Kaczor Daniel, Stepczyńska Magdalena, Moraczewski Krzysztof
Composites Theory and Practice
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2024
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R. 24, nr 4
231--237
EN
An investigation into the effect of a synthetic variety of hectorite, i.e. Laponite (LAP), on changes in the structure and me chanical properties of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is the aim of the present paper. Polymer composites containing 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt.% LAP were prepared using a co rotating twin screw extruder. The mechanical properties (under static tension, static three-point bending and impact tests) were investigated. In addition, changes in adhesion at the phase boundary and the surface geometrical structure of the sample fractures were examined. It was found that the studied composites were characterized by a similar structure. Adhesion at the polymer-filler interface was very good for the PBAT and PCL-based composites and slightly worse for the PBS-based compo sites. The mechanical properties of the investigated polymers generally changed similarly. With the exception of the three point bending tests, all the polymers exhibited deterioration in the mechanical properties after the addition of LAP. However, considering the results of the significance tests, it is important to note that some results did not differ significantly from one another.
2
Content available Long-term influence of soil environment conditions on the structure and selected properties of PLA packaging
Malinowski Rafał, Musioł Marta, Moraczewski Krzysztof, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Szymańska Lauren, Bajer Krzysztof
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2023
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Vol. 49, no. 3
107--114
EN
Studies on packaging made of polylactide (PLA) subjected to long-term influence of soil environment conditions have been presented in this paper. The scientific objective of this study was to determine changes in selected properties of the PLA packaging after long-term incubation in soil. These changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and gel permeation chromatography. The structure, thermal properties, and disintegration degree of the packaging after their three-year incubation in soil have been discussed. It was found that the PLA packaging did not disintegrate significantly in the soil environment, and slight changes in their structure and lack of significant changes in thermal properties indicate that the efficiency of their degradation in soil conditions after three years is very low. This was mainly due to inadequate temperatures in the soil. It was also found (based on the results of scanning electron microscopy and gel permeation chromatography) that initiation of the biodegradation process took place and that this process is much faster than in the case of conventional non-biodegradable polymers. The results are confirmation that materials obtained of various biodegradable polymers (not only PLA) should be biodegradable only under strictly defined conditions, allocated to a specific type of polymer, i.e. those in which they are easily and quickly biodegradable.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań opakowań otrzymanych z polilaktydu (PLA), które poddane zostały długotrwałemu oddziaływaniu warunków środowiska glebowego. Celem naukowym badań było określenie zmian wybranych właściwości opakowań z PLA po długotrwałej inkubacji w glebie. Zmiany te badano za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej, różnicowej kalorymetrii skaningowej, analizy termograwimetrycznej, a także chromatografii żelowej. Dokonano analizy struktury, właściwości cieplnych oraz stopnia dezintegracji opakowań po trzyletniej inkubacji w glebie. Stwierdzono, że opakowania wytworzone z PLA nie ulegały znacznemu rozpadowi w środowisku glebowym, a niewielkie zmiany obserwowane w ich strukturze i brak istotnych zmian właściwości cieplnych wskazują, że efektywność ich degradacji w warunkach glebowych po trzech latach jest bardzo niska. Było to spowodowane głównie niedostateczną temperaturą w glebie. Stwierdzono również (na podstawie wyników skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej i chromatografii żelowej), że miała miejsce inicjacja procesu biodegradacji, a także, że proces ten jest znacznie szybszy niż w przypadku klasycznych polimerów niebiodegradowalnych. Otrzymane rezultaty badań wskazują na to, że materiały wytwarzane różnych rodzajów polimerów biodegradowalnych (nie tylko PLA) powinny być poddawane procesowi biodegradacji wyłącznie w ściśle określonych warunkach, dedykowanych dla danego rodzaju polimeru, tzn. takich w których łatwo i szybko ulegną one rozkładowi biologicznemu.
3
Content available Study of Crystalline and Thermal Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Polyamide-6 and Modified Montmorillonite
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Dulebova Ludmila, Gajdoš Ivan, Krasinska Oksana, Jachowicz Tomasz
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
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2023
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Vol. 17, no. 6
88--97
EN
The main operational characteristics of polyamide-6-montmorillonite (PA6/MMT) nanocomposites, which determine their fields of application, mainly depend on the crystal structure and crystallinity of the polymer. Therefore, the study of the crystalline behavior of PA6 in such nanocomposites is of considerable scientific and practical importance. In this work, the structure, crystalline, and thermal properties of nanocomposites based on PA6 and modified MMT prepared in a formic acid solution were investigated using the methods of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It was established that during the manufacture of PA6/MMT nanocomposites in a solution, the dominant crystal structures are the thermodynamically stable α structures of PA6. The crystallinity degree of PA6 in nanocomposites is about 1.5 times higher than that of the original PA6. It is shown that after additional thermomechanical treatment of nanocomposites on a capillary viscometer at 230°С and a load of 5 kg, the uniformity of the distribution of exfoliated MMT in the polymer matrix increases, as a result of which the crystalline structure of PA6 changes and its glass transition and melting temperatures increase. These changes in the PA6 structure also have a significant impact on the melt flow index and the softening temperature of nanocomposites.
4
Content available remote Wpływ promieniowania UV-VIS na właściwości optyczne i mechaniczne folii PLA/PHB
Malinowski Rafał, Stepczyńska Magdalena, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Szymańska Lauren
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2022
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T. 101, nr 12
1082--1086
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu przyśpieszonego starzenia folii otrzymanych z polilaktydu (PLA) i poli(kwasu hydroksymasłowego) (PHB), a także ich mieszanin. W procesie tym zastosowano wyłącznie promieniowanie UV-VIS. Określono wpływ tego promieniowania na właściwości optyczne i mechaniczne wytworzonych folii. Stwierdzono, że badane folie są podatne na działanie promieniowania UV-VIS, na co wskazywały na ogół pogorszone właściwości mechaniczne tych folii, a także wzrost ich zamglenia i w większości przypadków zmniejszenie ich transparentności. Stwierdzono również, że w celu zachowania w dłuższym okresie czasu odpowiednich właściwości badanych folii, konieczne jest stosowanie dodatkowych środków stabilizujących.
EN
Film samples made of polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) or their mixtures were exposed to UV-VIS radiation at 45°C for 130 h. The effect of the radiation on the optical and mech. properties of the obtained films was detd. The tested films were susceptible to degradation when exposed to UV-VIS radiation. Deteriorated mech. properties of the films, an increase in their haze and, in most cases, a decrease in transparency were obsd. In order to maintain the appropriate properties of the films in the long term, it is necessary to use addnl. stabilizing agents.
5
Content available Prediction of the Properties of Modified Phenol-Formaldehyde Composites Using Mathematical Modeling of the Composition of the Polymer Mixture
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Jachowicz Tomasz, Malinowski Rafał, Bajer Krzysztof, Dulebova Ludmila
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
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2022
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Vol. 16, no. 4
138--146
EN
The paper presents the results of studies of adhesive strength under shearing, thermal stability, and the content of the gel fraction of adhesive materials and enamels based on modified phenol-formaldehyde resins. Epoxy resin and polyvinylpyrrolidone were used to modify the phenol-formaldehyde resin. The influence of the content of components in the phenol-formaldehyde composition and the curing conditions on the properties of the obtained adhesive materials and coatings is analyzed. The effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone on internal stresses in adhesive joints has been established. By mathematical planning, the isolines of the characteristics of composite materials based on modified phenol-formaldehyde resin depending on their component’s compositions are plotted, and the regression coefficients are found, enabling one to get materials with predicted properties. From a technical and economic point of view, the following content of additives in modified phenol-formaldehyde resin is most optimal: epoxy resin from 25 to 50 wt%, polyvinylpyrrolidone from 0.5 to 1.0 wt%, curing catalyst from 1 to 2.5 wt%.
6
Content available The Manufacturing of Composite Materials in the Matrix of Modified Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Jachowicz Tomasz, Dulebova Ludmila, Gajdoš Ivan, Malinowski Rafał
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
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2021
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Vol. 15, no. 4
267--272
EN
The work develops the method of obtaining new composite materials based on novolac phenol-formaldehyde resin with improved adhesion properties and heat resistance. The composites were obtained by chemical modification of phenol-formaldehyde resin by epoxy resin and polyvinylpyrrolidone during the hardening of the composition. The mechanism of resins modification and hardening has been determined. It is shown that due to the modification, the heat resistance and adhesive strength of the obtained enamels and coatings have significantly increased. In particular, with the polyvinylpyrrolidone content from 0.5 to 1 wt% and epoxy resin from 25 to 50 wt%, the adhesive strength of the compositions increases 5-7 times.
7
Content available Nanocomposites Based on Polyamide and Montmorillonite Obtained from a Solution
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Suberlyak Oleh, Kochubei Viktoria, Jachowicz Tomasz, Dulebova Ludmila, Zemke Viktoria
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
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2020
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Vol. 14, no. 3
192--198
EN
This work deals with the development of a method for obtaining polyamide and montmorillonite based nanocomposite, which was modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone by mixing in a formic acid solution. The structure and thermophysical properties of the obtained nanocomposites were investigated by means of the X-ray, differentialthermal, thermogravimetric and IR spectroscopic analyses. It was found that nanomodified polycaproamide has a higher crystallinity and higher thermal stability than the original PA-6, and is characterized by considerably higher melt fluidity. The presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone and exfoliated montmorillonite in the nanocomposite structure was confirmed experimentally.
8
Wpływ primerów na jakość odbitek cyfrowych atramentowych
Havenko Svitlana, Khadzhynova Svitlana, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Suberlyak Oleh, Antoniuk Viktoria, Rybka Roman
Przegląd Papierniczy
|
2019
|
R. 75, nr 3
199--202
PL
Zbadano właściwości primerów do drukowania cyfrowego atramentowego (inkjet) na bazie interpolimerowych kompleksów poli (alkoholu winylowego). Określono wpływ primerów o różnych stężeniach alkoholu poliwinylowego na proces zwilżania papierów offsetowych i powlekanych. Celowość drukowania primerów na papierze przed drukowaniem atramentowym jest potwierdzona za pomocą metod mikroskopii elektronowej oraz badań jakości nadruku (gęstość optyczna, barwa).
EN
The properties of primers for digital inkjet printing on the basis of interpolymer complexes of polyvinyl alcohol have been investigated. The influence of primers with different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol on the process of wetting of offset and coated papers was determined. The expediency of primer application on paper before inkjet printing was confirmed by electron microscopy, obtained values of optical density, saturation of colors on the imprints.
9
Content available Effect of Nature and Amount of Polypropylene Composite Filler on the Productivity of Extruder with the Cylinder Equipped with Grooves
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Moravskyi Volodymyr, Suberlyak Oleh, Sikora Janusz W., Jachowicz Tomasz
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
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2019
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Vol. 13, no. 4
264--269
EN
The effect of grooves number in the feed section and screw length as well as filler nature and content on the productivity of single-screw extruder has been examined. Compositions based on polypropylene with glass fibers, talc and chalk were used for research. It is established that the number of grooves in the feed section and the length of the screw differently affect the productivity of a single screw extruder depending on the nature and content of the filler. This effect is shown to be most significant for polypropylene compositions with mineral powders (talc and chalk).
10
Content available Effect of small additives of polyamide modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone and montmorillonite on polypropylene technological properties and heat resistance
Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Suberlyak Oleh, Kochubei Viktoria, Klym Yurii, Zemke Viktoria, Jachowicz Tomasz
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
|
2018
|
Vol. 12, no. 2
83--88
EN
The effect of small polyamide additives modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone and montmorillonite on polypropylene technological properties and heat resistance has been researched in the work. It has been determined that the melt flow index of the obtained composites increases by more than 2 times in comparing with pure PP. It has been shown that adding a small amount of polyamide modified by montmorillonite-polyvinylprolidone mixture to polypropylene significantly increases heat resistance of the material. The displacement of the beginning of thermal-oxidation destruction and burning samples into the range of higher temperatures on 114-123oC, dependently on the modified polyamide content has been observed.
11
Content available Drive System Parameters Influence on Run-Up Process of the Drilling Rig Pumping Unit
Kovalchuk Roman, Molkov Yuriy, Lenkovskiy Taras, Grytsenko Oleksandr, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Garbacz Tomasz
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
|
2018
|
Vol. 12, no 4.
199--206
EN
A mathematical model of dynamic processes in pumping unit of a drilling rig with friction clutch, taking into account variable moment of inertia of slider-crank mechanism links and random number of pistons of the pump, was developed. Joint integration of differential equations of motion of pumping unit parts was carried out with numerical methods. The calculations performed considered the torque moment of friction in the clutch and equations of electromagnetic processes in asynchronous motor. The results of research of run-up processes of pumping unit were presented. The influence of parameters of friction clutch on the performance of pumping unit was established.
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