Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Analiza lipidomiczna w diagnostyce chorób mózgu

Bogusiewicz Joanna, Burlikowska Katarzyna, Kupcewicz Bogumiła, Łuczykowski Kamil, Jaroch Karol, Goryńska Paulina Zofia, Goryński Krzysztof, Birski Marcin, Furtak Jacek, Paczkowski Dariusz, Harat Marek, Pawliszyn Janusz, Bojko Barbara

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2025

|

[Z] 79, 1-2

22--35

EN

Fast and accurate diagnosis of brain tumors is a critical step in effective patient therapy. However, challenges arise due to the complex anatomy of the brain and the late manifestation of symptoms, making diagnosis often difficult. Therefore, interdisciplinary research at the intersection of analytical chemistry, medical diagnostics, and chemical engineering is essential to develop new diagnostic approaches that facilitate the analysis of neoplastic changes in the brain. One of many promising technologies is solid-phase microextraction (SPME), also known as chemical biopsy. This method allows for the extraction of compounds from biological samples and solid ones such as tumors. However, selecting potential biomarkers is equally important to developing and optimizing appropriate analytical tools. Lipids have recently gained attention for their significant roles in cancer processes. Thus, the applicability of SPME probes in the analysis of brain tumor lipidome was assessed. Chemical biopsy was used in the analysis of brain tumors, revealing that the lipidomic profiles of benign meningiomas significantly differed from those obtained from malignant lesions, such as gliomas. Furthermore, it was proven that sampling using the SPME probe was reliable. Studies focusing on gliomas demonstrated that the lipidome of these brain tumors varied depending on the grade of malignancy and the status of IDH1/2 mutations. Moreover, it was also proven that acylcarnitines, which take part in lipid oxidation, were altered. Their content in neoplastic tissue increased along with a worse clinical prognosis, specifically in lesions with a higher degree of malignancy and in samples without mutations in the IDH1/2 gene. It was also reported that SPME probes could be a helpful method for probing brain during neurosurgical procedures from two brain structures in replicates simultaneously. As a result, extracting a set of metabolites with a wide range of physicochemical properties was possible. Most of them were lipids with interesting patterns in studied structures. However, due to the small cohort of patients and high diversity of samples, a detailed discussion on the biological role and implications to the spatial distribution was not conducted. To sum up, solid-phase microextraction probes were useful in brain tumors lipidomic and acylcarnitine profiling of meningiomas and gliomas, considering malignancy degree and genotype. It has also been observed that chemical biopsy can serve as a valuable tool in in vivo brain research, indicating future directions for studies of brain tumors during neurosurgical procedures.

2

Algorithm for Determining the Sum Formula of Metabolites from Mass Spectrometry Spectra

Borowski Marcin, Baumgard Karolina

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

|

2025

|

Vol. 50, No. 2

191--206

EN

This work addresses the challenge of determining chemical sum formulas from mass spectrometry data through a three-fold approach: establishing a formal problem framework, analyzing its computational complexity, and developing an approximate algorithm that synergizes reference database integration with functional group property analysis to enable accurate compound identification and structural characterization. By bridging theoretical foundations in computational complexity with practical solutions for chemical structure elucidation, the proposed methodology advances analytical capabilities in mass spectrometry data interpretation.

3

Rola i możliwości badań proteomicznych

Gawor Andrzej, Bulska Ewa

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2024

|

[Z] 78, 7-8

849--870

EN

Proteomic research plays a crucial role in unraveling the mysteries of cellular function. This paper explores the historical background and contemporary significance of proteomics, emphasizing its importance in understanding protein interactions within biological systems. We discuss key advancements in technology, particularly in mass spectrometry and ionization techniques, which have greatly enhanced our ability to analyze the proteome comprehensively. Moreover, we examine the potential applications of proteomic research in fieldssuch as diagnostics, drug development, and personalized medicine, highlighting its transformative impact on biomedical sciences. By addressing current challenges and future prospects, this review aims to provide a clear overview of the role and potential of proteomic research in advancing our understanding of complex biological processes.

4

Zastosowanie wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej sprzężonej z tandemową spektrometrią mas lub z detekcją fluorescencyjną do oznaczania chlorowodorku doksorubicyny w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy

Bonczarowska Marzena, Mysur Wioletta, Brzeźnicki Sławomir

Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy

|

2024

|

Nr 4 (122)

135-152

PL

Chlorowodorek doksorubicyny (DOX) w temperaturze pokojowej jest krystalicznym ciałem stałym o czerwonym zabarwieniu. Związek stosuje się jako cytostatyk w leczeniu różnych postaci raka (rak jajnika, rak płuca, rak piersi, rak żołądka). Jest także stosowany jako cytostatyk w praktyce weterynaryjnej. Doksorubicyna podejrzewana jest o działanie rakotwórcze dla ludzi i negatywny wpływ na rozrodczość. DOX może działać również kardiotoksycznie oraz hamująco na czynność szpiku kostnego. Celem pracy było przygotowanie odpowiednio czułej i selektywnej metody oznaczania chlorowodorku doksorubicyny w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy, która umożliwi pomiar stężenia tego związku, a następnie pozwoli na dokonanie oceny narażenia zawodowego. Metoda polega na zatrzymaniu chlorowodorku doksorubicyny na filtrze z włókna szklanego, ekstrakcji filtra mieszaniną acetonitryl: woda z dodatkiem (0,1%) kwasu mrówkowego i chromatograficznej analizie otrzymanego roztworu techniką LC-MS/MS lub LC-FLD. Zaproponowany sposób ekstrakcji DOX z filtrów umożliwia wysoki odzysk analitu. Średnia (dla trzech stężeń) wartość wydajności ekstrakcji wynosi 105,5%. Zależność wskazań spektrometru mas lub detektora fluorescencyjnego w funkcji stężeń DOX ma charakter liniowy (odpowiednio r = 0,9994 i r = 0,9993) w zakresie stężeń 0,0108 ÷ 0,216 µg/ml. Metoda charakteryzuje się dobrą precyzją i dokładnością, spełnia wymagania normy PN-EN 482:2021-08 dla procedur dotyczących oznaczania czynników chemicznych. Opracowana metoda oznaczania chlorowodorku doksorubicyny w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy została zapisana w postaci procedury analitycznej, którą zamieszczono w załączniku. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.

EN

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) in room temperature is a red crystalline solid. It is used as an antineoplastic drug in therapy of certain types of cancer (ovarian cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer). It is also used as cytostatic in veterinary practice. Doxorubicin is suspected to be carcinogenic to humans and have negative impact for reproduction. DOX can also cause bone marrow suppression and act as a cardiotoxic agent. The aim of the study was to prepare a suitably sensitive and selective method for the determination of doxorubicin in air at workplaces, which will enable the measurement of concentrations of this compound and then allow occupational exposure to be assessed. This method is based on the collection of DOX on glass fiber filter, extraction with mixture of acetonitrile: water with addition of formic acid (0.1%), and chromatographic determination of resulted solution with LC-MS/MS or LC-FLD technique. The average extraction efficiency of DOX from filters amounted to 105.5%. Method is linear (r=0.9994 or 0.9993) within the investigated working range from 0.0108 µg/ml to 0.216 µg/ml for LC-MS/MS and LC-FLD technique respectively. The method has good precision and accuracy and meets the requirements of EN 482:2021-08 for procedures for the determination of chemical agents. The developed method for the determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride in air at workplaces was written in the form of an analytical procedure, which is included in Appendix. The thematic scope of the article includes the issues of health and safety and hygiene of the working environment being the subject of research in health sciences and environmental engineering.

5

Metabolomic analysis of biological material using LC-MS in the quest for urinary system cancer biomarkers - review

Szuberla Wiktoria, Wrona Maria

Chemical Technology & Biotechnology

|

2024

|

Vol. 4

70--75

EN

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and bladder cancer (BC) are among the most frequently diagnosed urinary system cancers worldwide. They are characterized by high mortality and recurrence rates. In response to the rising incidence and mortality rates, scientists are exploring innovative diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Metabolomics, which analyzes metabolite levels, may enable early diagnosis and monitoring of therapy progress. Compared to other omics technologies, it focuses on the outcomes of metabolite activity, providing a unique perspective on processes occurring in cancer cells. Metabolomic analyses utilize techniques such as mass spectrometry. These methods allow the identification of biomarkers and precise determination of the chemical composition of biological samples. However, the most commonly used method is liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which enables the most comprehensive screening of cancer metabolomes. Recent studies show significant progress in recognizing characteristic metabolites associated with urological cancers, although this area remains partially unexplored. Research on circulating metabolites, especially those present in easily accessible samples like blood or urine, demonstrates promising potential in clinical practice. Study results reveal differences in metabolic profiles between various stages of cancer development, which may have clinical significance. The future of this field involves an increasing number of clinical cohorts, standardization of sample preparation, and further improvements in instrument sensitivity and speed. LC-MS-based metabolomics has the potential to contribute to the improvement of diagnostics, therapy, and the quality of life of patients with some urological cancers. However, challenges, such as the lack of uniform methodologies and understanding of metabolite determinants, require further research and innovation.

6

Study on microbioplastic leachates: Released compounds and impact on higher plant growth

Liwarska-Bizukojć Ewa, Bizukojć Marcin

Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

|

2024

|

Vol. 45, nr 3

art. no. e73

EN

The effects of leachates from newly-synthesized bioplastics on the early stages of higher plant growth were studied together with the putative identification of the chemicals in the given microbioplastic leachates. Three polylactide-based bioplastics and pure polylactide (PLA) were subjected to the phytotoxicity tests (1) to determine the intrinsic effects of chemicals on the germination and early growth of plants without prior incorporation of the chemicals into a soil and (2) to find the impact of the chemicals introduced into a soil on the germination and plant growth. Plants Sorghum saccharatum, Lepidium sativum and Sinapis alba were used. For two out of four microbioplastics the total ion chromatograms revealed the presence of chemicals in the leachates. Out of 20 individual m/z values, 6 were putatively attributed to the known compounds. Microbioplastic leachates did not affect seed germination and contributed rather to the stimulation than inhibition of the early plant growth. In the soil tests the inhibition of root and shoot growth of dicotyledons occurred more frequently than in the liquid phase tests. It indicates the potential interactions between the chemicals in the leachates and soil matrix. Dicotyledons were more sensitive than monocotyledons in the evaluation of phytotoxicity of microbioplastic leachates.

7

Photo-thermal Decomposition of HNS Surface by 532 nm Laser Irradiation : Spectral and Quantitative Analysis using In-Situ XPS- Quadrupole MS Technique

Sun Yi, Xu Tao, Shui Min

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

|

2023

|

Vol. 20, no. 1

36--49

EN

A novel approach for studying the photo-thermal decomposition of HNS (2,2’,4,4’,6,6’-hexanitrostilbene) at 532 nm induced by a 10-nanosecond (ns) laser pulse is described. In this method, in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) - laser-quadrupole mass spectrometer on-line equipment was designed. New peaks at binding energies of 399.7 eV in the N 1s XPS spectrum and 288.6 eV in the C 1s spectrum showed that nitro-nitrite isomerization with subsequent release of NO occurs in the laser-induced decomposition of HNS. A new peak at 30 m/z in the mass spectrum is also associated with the mechanism of the nitro-nitrite isomerization of the HNS molecule, with subsequent release of NO. Quantum chemistry calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. We attribute this laser-induced decomposition as a photo-thermal decomposition for the high temperature rise due to the laser irradiation.

8

Wykorzystanie zaawansowanych technik spektrometrii mas w celu weryfikacji jakości napojów alkoholowych na podstawie całkowitej zawartości amin biogennych

Nalazek-Rudnicka Katarzyna, Wasik Andrzej

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

|

2023

|

nr 4

14--20

PL

Artykuł opracowany na podstawie rozprawy doktorskiej dr. Katarzyny Nalazek-Rudnickiej pt.: Advanced techniques of mass spectrometry for verification of the quality and authenticity of the food products nagrodzonej przez Komitet Chemii Analitycznej PAN w 2023 roku w konkursie na najlepsze prace doktorskie. Nagroda ufundowana przez firmę Anchem.

9

Identyfikacja N-tlenków alkaloidów za pomocą spektrometrii mas oraz woltamperometrii

Dushna Olha, Karasiński Jakub, Dubenska Lilya, Bulska Ewa

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

|

2023

|

nr 4

34--37

PL

Badanie alkaloidów jako surowców naturalnych o potencjalnych właściwościach leczniczych wymaga zrozumienia ich procesów metabolicznych, szczególnie tych zachodzących pod wpływem enzymów, w wątrobie. Jednymi z głównych metabolitów alkaloidów są ich N-tlenki. Identyfikacja metabolitów jest kluczowa dla zrozumienia procesów oddziaływania alkaloidów z organizmem człowieka, szczególnie w kontekście farmakokinetyki i farmakodynamiki. Kontrola obecności głównych metabolitów alkaloidów w produktach spożywczych i płynach biologicznych jest obecnie istotnym wyzwaniem w dziedzinie nowoczesnej chemii analitycznej i bioanalitycznej, znaczącej dla przemysłu spożywczego i medycyny.

10

Elektrochemiczna symulacja metabolizmu leków psychotropowych z zastosowaniem chromatografii cieczowej i spektrometrii mas

Podgrudna Paulina, Goldner Valentin, Karst Uwe, Szultka-Młyńska Małgorzata

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

|

2023

|

nr 2

4--9

PL

Połączenie EC/MS znajduje szerokie zastosowanie w takich dziedzinach nauki, jak toksykologia czy kryminalistyka, między innymi w analizie dopingowej do przewidywania potencjalnych ludzkich metabolitów nielegalnych substancji. Jest to obiecująca metoda w analizie środowiskowej syntezie na skalę preparatywną ,charakterystyce cząsteczek docelowych, a także do syntezy docelowej metabolitów, adduktów DNA lub protein.

11

An improved ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method determining hispidulin and homoplantaginin in rat plasma and associated pharmacokinetic studies

Zhang En, Chen Junying, Li Xia, Luo Lvqi, Ma Yizhe, Zhang Qingwei, Wang Xianqin

Acta Chromatographica

|

2023

|

Vol. 35, no. 4

331--337

EN

Flavonoids are the most abundant components in Salvia plebeia, with significant pharmacological antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. Hispidulin and homoplantaginin are the main flavonoid components in S. Plebeia. In this study, we established an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to determine hispidulin and homoplantaginin in rat plasma samples, which were precipitated using acetonitrile-methanol (9:1, v/v). We used a UPLC HSS T3 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm diameter) chromatographic column, an acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% formic acid) mobile phase, and a gradient elution flow rate of 0.4 mL min⁻¹ in an elution time of 4 min. We used electrospray ionization (ESI) detection in positive ion mode, and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) for quantitative analysis: m/z 301 → 286 for hispidulin, m/z 463 → 301 for homoplantaginin, and m/z 465 → 303 for internal standard (IS). In pharmacokinetic studies, 24 rats were orally administered hispidulin and homoplantaginin (5 mg kg⁻¹) and received sublingual intravenous injections (1 mg kg⁻¹) at two different doses, four groups with six rats/group. Differences in hispidulin and homoplantaginin pharmacokinetics in rat plasma were evaluated. The calibration curve showed good linearity in the 0.5–1,000 ng mL⁻¹ range, with r > 0.99. Precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effects, and stability results all met standard biological sample detection requirements. Our pharmacokinetic studies showed hispidulin bioavailability was much higher than homoplantaginin at 17.8% and 0.1%, respectively.

12

Nanomateriały w spektrometrii mas z laserową desorpcją/jonizacją wspomaganą powierzchnią

Arendowski Adrian

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2022

|

[Z] 76, 9-10

735--754

EN

Laser desorption/ionization (LDI) is one of the most popular ionization techniques currently used in mass spectrometry (MS). This technique is most commonly used in a variant of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), which uses low molecular weight organic acid mixed with the sample to support the ionization process. However, this approach has some shortcomings such as: high chemical background in the spectral region below m/z 700 making it difficult to analyze compounds giving signals in this spectral region, inhomogeneous co-crystallization of analyte and matrix leading to the formation of so-called "sweet spots", i.e. inhomogeneous distribution of analyte in the crystallizing matrix. For these reasons, increasing research attention is focused on the possibilities offered by the use of matrix-free systems based on nanostructures in laser methods, which are referred to as surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI). The use of nanostructures in LDI MS has made it possible to analyze low molecular compounds, often at very low concentrations, without the presence of matrix-derived chemical background, contributing to more applications of the LDI MS method. This work describes what the SALDI technique is and reviews the nanomaterials used in different variations of the approach. Among the described materials used in SALDI there are nanomaterials based on carbon and silicon, including the DIOS method, as well as techniques based on nanoparticles of gold, silver, platinum and titanium oxide. For each method, application examples are given for the detection of different classes of chemical compounds, often also in complex biological mixtures.

13

Metody analityczne badania preparatów kosmetycznych : wczoraj i dziś

Olejnik Anna, Gornowicz-Porowska Justyna, Gościańska Joanna

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2022

|

[Z] 76, 7-8

607--633

EN

The safety and quality of each cosmetic product is tested before it is introduced to the market. There are highly regulated requirements that producers should comply with. However, as the cosmetic products are highly complexed mixture of different ingredients, detailed characterization of their composition remains still a challenge. Currently, due to the development of modern technologies, a wide range of analytical methods are available. Scientists are increasingly adapting highly sophisticated and advanced techniques to precisely identify and quantify the components of cosmetic products. The aim of this article is to present the analytical methods applied to examine cosmetics taking into account their advantages and limitations. The progress made in recent years in the design of novel instruments leading to their greater efficiency, selectivity and sensitivity was also considered. The techniques that are commonly used in the quality control laboratories of cosmetic companies were presented. Cosmetics analysis is not only limited to the characterization of product itself. Today, in vivo tests are very essential to determine the efficacy of formulations directly on the skin surface. Therefore, in this article modern devices dedicated to theses analyses were described in detail.

14

Analityka antybiotyków β-laktamowych w układzie in silico, in vitro oraz in vivo

Janiszewska Daria, Szultka-Młyńska Małgorzata, Buszewski Bogusław

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2022

|

[Z] 76, 3-4

109--127

EN

Drug analysis necessitates introducing selective methods of detection and enriching the substances present in biomaterial at low concentration levels (trace analysis). Moreover, there is a continuous demand for increase in the quality of drugs that are being developed, which in turn enforces the development of analytical techniques of increasing sensitivity and accuracy with the applicationof combined separation techniques. Thus the premise of this review is to comparethe in vitro metabolic pathways of antibiotic drugs in model conditions such as in the presence of different microsomal fraction enzymes and with the applicationof electrochemical stimulation of metabolic transformations, as well as to the collected data with the results of in vivo experiments.

15

Zastosowanie chromatografii gazowej i cieczowej w badaniach produktów ciekłych pirolizy mikrofalowej

Burnus Zygmunt, Markowski Jarosław

Nafta-Gaz

|

2022

|

R. 78, nr 1

64--79

PL

W niniejszej pracy zbadano możliwości wykorzystania technik chromatografii gazowej GC-FID oraz GC-MS wspomaganych klasyczną chromatografią cieczową LC do badania składników biooleju pochodzącego z pirolizy biomasy stałej. Badania biomasy i produktów jej przerobu mają na celu rozwój technologii paliw proekologicznych i/lub zawierających frakcje otrzymywane z biomasy lub surowców odpadowych. Celem tych działań jest stopniowe zwiększanie wykorzystania źródeł energii pochodzących z surowców odnawialnych przy jednoczesnym ograniczaniu zastosowania surowców kopalnych. Jest to jedno z działań, których efektem ma być ograniczenie emisji GHG. Działanie to jest związane z wytycznymi dyrektyw Unii Europejskiej nakazujących wzrost udziału odnawialnych źródeł energii w transporcie oraz energetyce. Są to dyrektywy 2003/30/WE oraz 2009/28/WE, dotyczące promowania użycia biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych w transporcie oraz wzrostu udziału pozyskiwania energii ze źródeł odnawialnych w różnych sektorach krajów Wspólnoty Europejskiej. Energetyczne wykorzystanie biomasy to jeden z głównych obszarów zainteresowania polityki energetycznej Polski, zbieżnej z celami polityki wyznaczonymi przez Unię Europejską. W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu literatury w zakresie rodzajów biomasy występującej w Polsce oraz zastosowania technik chromatografii gazowej i cieczowej (Py-GC, GC-MS, GC-FID) w badaniu ciekłych produktów procesu pirolizy biomasy. Opracowano warunki chromatograficzne badania produktów ciekłych pirolizy biomasy stałej przy wykorzystaniu reaktora mikrofalowego do pirolizy jako elementu aparatury umożliwiającego badania technikami chromatograficznymi. Przy zastosowaniu dobranych warunków analitycznych wykonano badania ciekłych produktów pirolizy biomasy: miskantu olbrzymiego, słomy, trocin sosnowych, łusek słonecznika i ziaren kawy. Zidentyfikowano składniki biooleju pochodzącego z pirolizy biomasy i zaproponowano metodę oznaczania ilościowego składników biooleju. Wykazano możliwość jednoczesnego zastosowania różnych technik chromatografii gazowej w celu poznania składu chemicznego biooleju pochodzącego z pirolizy mikrofalowej różnego rodzaju biomasy stałej.

EN

In this work, the possibilities of implementation of the GC-FID and GC-MS gas chromatography techniques supported by classic LC liquid chromatography to study the components of bio-oil derived from the pyrolysis of solid biomass were examined. Research on biomass and its processing products is aimed at the development of pro-ecological fuels and / or fuels containing fractions obtained from biomass or waste materials. The aim of these activities is to gradually increase the use of energy sources derived from renewable raw materials and limiting the use of fossil raw materials. It is one of the ways to reduce GHG emissions. This action is related to the guidelines of the European Union Directives describing an increase in the share of renewable energy sources in transport and energy – Directives 2003/30/EC and 2009/28/EC – the promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels in transport and the increase in the share of energy obtained from renewable sources in various sectors of the European Community. The use of energy obtained from biomass is one of the main areas of interest in Poland's energy policy, consistent with the policy objectives set by the European Union. This article describes the types of biomass found in Poland and the use of gas and liquid chromatography techniques (Py-GC, GC-MS, GC-FID) in the study of liquid products of the biomass pyrolysis process. The chromatographic conditions for testing liquid products of solid biomass pyrolysis with the use of a microwave pyrolysis reactor as an element of the apparatus enabling the research with chromatographic techniques were developed. Using selected analytical conditions, tests were carried out on liquid products of biomass pyrolysis: giant miscanthus, straw, pine sawdust, sunflower husks and coffee grounds. The components of bio-oil derived from biomass pyrolysis were identified and a method for the quantification of bio-oil components was proposed. The possibility of the simultaneous application of various gas chromatography techniques to understand the chemical composition of bio-oil from microwave pyrolysis of various types of solid biomass was demonstrated.

16

Zastosowanie badań izotopowych do określania pochodzenia wybranych biomarkerów

Bieleń Wojciech, Janiga Marek

Nafta-Gaz

|

2022

|

R. 78, nr 5

336--342

PL

Badania izotopowe n-alkanów, pristanu (Pr) oraz fitanu (Ph) przeprowadzono przy pomocy aparatu GC-IRMS. Porównanie wartości δ13C – pristanu do n-C17 oraz fitanu do n-C18, a także zestawienie wartości δ13C pomiędzy pristanem a fitanem w obrębie jednej próbki pomaga zidentyfikować źródło pochodzenia tych izoprenoidów, co było celem pracy. Ta ostatnia informacja uwiarygadnia lub podaje w wątpliwość wskaźnik środowiska sedymentacji – Pr/Ph. Wartości δ13C n-alkanów dla rop naftowych z tego samego złoża: Bóbrka 113, Niepodległość 2, Bandrów wskazują na pochodzenie tych rop od roślin C3 (fotosynteza typu C3) oraz z osadów rzecznych lub/i jeziornych. N-alkany występujące w tych trzech ropach naftowych mogą mieć mieszane źródła i pochodzić zarówno od roślin lądowych, jak i wodnych. Ropa naftowa Łodyna 90K może pochodzić z różnorakich wyższych roślin. Wartości δ13C n-alkanów z próbek ekstraktów bitumicznych Dukla 2A i Dukla 2D są charakterystyczne dla roślin C3. Pristan i fitan w badanych próbkach rop naftowych i w przypadku dwóch próbek ekstraktów bitumicznych Dukla 2A i Dukla 2D mają wartości δ13C niższe niż wartości δ13C dla n-C17 i n-C18, co sugeruje pochodzenie od organizmów heterotroficznych. We wszystkich badanych próbkach rop naftowych (wyjątki: Łodyna 90K, Osobnica 35) wartości δ13C dla Pr i Ph w obrębie pojedynczej próbki świadczą o tym samym materiale źródłowym dla tych izoprenoidów. Ta informacja potwierdza, że wskaźnik Pr/Ph, mówiący o typie środowiska sedymentacji materii organicznej, jest wiarygodny. W dwóch ekstraktach bitumicznych (Dukla 2D i Krosno 8) wartości δ13C dla Pr i Ph są różne, dlatego istnieje duże prawdopodobieństwo odmiennego pochodzenia dla tych dwóch izoprenoidów (należy być ostrożnym co do wiarygodności wskaźnika środowiska sedymentacji Pr/Ph).

EN

Isotope analysis of n-alkanes, pristan (Pr) and phytane (Ph), were carried out on the GC-IRMS apparatus. Comparing the δ13C values of pristan to n-C17, phytane to n-C18 and pristan to phytane within one sample helps to identify the source of these isoprenoids. The latter information legitimises or questions the sedimentation environment index – Pr/Ph. The values of δ13C of n-alkanes for crude oil from one field: Bóbrka 113, Niepodległość 2, Bandrów indicate the origin of C3 plants (photosynthesis type C3) and river and / or lake sediments. The N-alkanes found in these three crude oils could have been sourced by organic matter from terrestrial and aquatic plants. Łodyna 90K crude oil was derived from a variety of higher plants. The δ13C values of n-alkanes for samples Dukla 2A and Dukla 2D bituminous extracts are characteristic for C3 plants. Pristan and phytan in the analyzed crude oil samples and in the case of two samples Dukla 2A and Dukla 2D bituminous extracts have δ13C values lower than the values of n-C17 and n-C18, which suggests their origin from heterotrophic organisms. In all analyzed crude oil samples (exceptions: Łodyna 90K, Osobnica 35) the δ13C values of Pr and Ph within a single sample indicate the same source material for these isoprenoids. This information confirms that the Pr/Ph ratio is reliable. In two bituminous extracts (Dukla 2D and Krosno 8) the δ13C values of Pr and Ph are different, therefore there is a high probability of different origins for these two isoprenoids (the Pr/Ph ratio may be unreliable).

17

Wymiana izotopowa wodór-deuter jako metoda otrzymywania standardów znakowanych izotopowo związków chemicznych do analizy ilościowej metodą LC-MS

Grocholska Paulina, Bąchor Remigiusz

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

|

2022

|

nr 4

50--55

PL

W ostatnich latach obserwuje się zwiększone zastosowanie spektrometrii mas (MS) w diagnostyce laboratoryjnej i analizach biomedycznych. Analiza ilościowa metodą MS wiąże się z zastosowaniem standardów znakowanych izotopowo, które nie zawsze są dostępne handlowo bądź charakteryzuje je wysoka cena. Rozwiązaniem poszerzającym możliwość aplikacji metody MS w diagnostyce laboratoryjnej jest zastosowanie opracowanych przez autorów metod znakowania izotopowego związków chemicznych, umożliwiających otrzymanie standardów mogących znaleźć zastosowanie zarówno w analizie jakościowej, jak i ilościowej metodą MS lub wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej sprzężonej ze spektrometrią mas (LC-MS). Badania te prowadzone są w Laboratorium Spektrometrii Mas Wydziału Chemii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.

EN

Recently, mass spectrometry (MS) has become one of the most useful techniques in laboratory diagnostics and biomedical analysis. Quantitative MS analysis involves the application of isotopically labelled standards, which are expensive or not always available. A solution expanding the possibility of MS application in the laboratory diagnostics is the use of isotope labelling techniques of chemical compounds, developed by the authors. These methods facilitate the preparation of standards used in qualitative and quantitative analysis by MS or high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The presented studies are conducted in the Mass Spectrometry Laboratory of the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Wrocław.

18

Laser generated gold nanoparticles for mass spectrometry of low molecular weight compounds

Płaza-Altamer Aneta, Kołodziej Artur, Nizioł Joanna, Ruman Tomasz

Chemical Technology & Biotechnology

|

2022

|

Vol. 3

61--69

PL

Preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by pulsed fiber laser (PFL) laser generated nanomaterial (LGN) with the use of 2D galvo-scanner (2D GS) is described. The procedure of covering of custom-made stainless steel MALDI targets containing studied objects via nebulization is also presented. Examples of application of new method (PFL-2D GS LGN and nebulization) in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) analyses are shown. These include tests with amino acids and also low molecular weight polymer.

19

A new application of 2–benzoylpyridine – efficient removal of silver ions from acidic aqueous solutions via adsorption process on polymeric material and classic solvent extraction

Kaczorowska Małgorzata A., Bożejewicz Daria, Witt Katarzyna, Urbaniak Włodzimierz

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 43, nr 3

369-–382

EN

In this article, we present the results of the first application of 2–benzoylpyridine (2–BP) as a carrier in adsorptive polymeric materials dedicated for the removal of Ag(I) and Cu(II) ions from model acidic solutions. In the first stage of the research, the classical solvent extraction, in which 2–BP was used as an extractant, allowed to determine the proper conditions for conducting adsorptive processes. The stability constants of 2–BP complexes with analyzed metal ions were determined using the spectrophotometric method. The electrospray ionization (ESI) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was applied for the confirmation of the ability of 2–BP molecules to form complexes with Cu2 ̧ metal ions in a solution and to determine the elemental composition of generated complexes (to identify the ratio of the number of metal ions to the number of molecules of 2–BP). The obtained results indicate that both the adsorptive processes and solvent extraction strongly depend on the properties of metal ions and that the use of 2–BP as a carrier/extractant allows for efficient removal of silver(I) ions and much less effective removal of copper(II) ions. The utilization of adsorptive polymeric materials is in line with the contemporary research trends that focus on eco-friendly and cost-effective methods.

20

Proteomic profiling of exosomes derived from pancreatic beta-cells cultured under hyperglycemia

Rząca Carina, Jankowska Urszula, Stępień Ewa Ł.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

|

2022

|

Vol. 18, no. 1

151--157

EN

Cargo carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) is considered a promising diagnostic marker, especially proteins. EVs can be divided according to their size and way of biogenesis into exosomes (diameter < 200 nm) and ectosomes (diameter > 200 nm). Exosomes are considered to be of endocytic origin, and ectosomes are produced by budding and shedding from the plasma membrane [1]. Methods The first step of this study was a characterization of the exosome sample. Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing (qNano) size distribution and concentration were measured. The mean size of exosomes was 120±9.17 nm. In the present study, a nano liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLCMS/MS) was used to compare protein profiles of exosomes secreted by pancreatic beta cells (1.1B4) grown under normal glucose (NG, 5 mM D-glucose) and high glucose (HG, 25 mM D-glucose) conditions. The EV samples were lysed, and proteins were denatured, digested, and analyzed using a Q-Exactive mass spectrometer coupled with the UltiMate 3000 RSLC nano system. The nanoLC-MS/MS data were searched against the SwissProt Homo sapiens database using MaxQuant software and protein quantitation was done by the MaxLFQ algorithm. Statistical analysis was carried out with Perseus software. Further bioinformatic analysis was performed using the FunRich 3.1.4 software with the UniProt protein database and String [2]. Results As a result of the nanoLC-MS/MS analysis more than 1,000 proteins were identified and quantified in each sample. The average number of identified proteins in exosomes was 1,397. Label-free quantitative analysis showed that exosome composition differed significantly between those isolated under NG and HG conditions. Many pathways were down-regulated in HG, particularly the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In addition, a significant up-regulation of the Ras-proteins pathway was observed in HG. Conclusion Our description of exosomes protein content and its related functions provides the first insight into the EV interactome and its role in glucose intolerance development and diabetic complications. The results also indicate the applicability of EV proteins for further investigation regarding their potential as circulating in vivo biomarkers.