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1

The effect of plough modernization on fuel consumption during ploughing and subsoil bulk density

Sprawka Maciej, Szymanek Mariusz, Tanaś Wojciech, Bochat Andrzej, Zawierucha Marcin

Agricultural Engineering

|

2026

|

Vol. 30, No. 1

187--198

EN

This study attempts to address the problem of excessive soil compaction in the subsoil layer caused by the movement and operation of agricul-tural machinery by modernizing the plough design to combine two operations with high energy requirements, ploughing and subsoiling. The aim of this study was to modernize and develop the design of the share plough by adding an additional frame (heavy-duty tines) on which the mounted working elements (straight type chisel spike, two-heart type chisel spike, duck foot type chisel spike). The effect of the plough modernization was to destroy the plough pan, leading to a decrease in the bulk density of the soil in the subsoil layer. However, when tines with a duck foot (sweep) type chisel spike were used, an increase in soil bulk density was observed in the layer below the working depth of the tool. The modernization of the plough resulted in the increase in fuel con-sumption per units' area during ploughing related to the area cultivated. Using a modernized plough allows two energy-intensive operations - ploughing and subsoiling - to be combined in a single pass.

PL

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu rozwiązanie problemu nadmiernego zagęszczenia gleby w warstwie podglebia, spowodowanego ruchem i pracą maszyn rolniczych, poprzez modernizację konstrukcji pługa, łączącą dwie operacje o wysokim zapotrzebowaniu na energię: orkę i głęboszowanie. Celem badania była modernizacja i udoskonalenie konstrukcji pługa lemieszowego poprzez dodanie dodatkowej ramy (zębów o zwiększonej wytrzymałości), na której zamontowano elementy robocze (ząb dłutowy prosty, ząb dłutowy dwusercowy, ząb dłutowy typu „gęsia stopka”). Efektem modernizacji pługa było zniszczenie podeszwy płużnej, co prowadziło do zmniejszenia gęstości objętościowej gleby w warstwie podglebia. Natomiast w przypadku zastosowania zębów z zębem dłutowym typu „gęsia stopka” (sweep), zaobserwowano wzrost gęstości objętościowej gleby w warstwie poniżej głębokości roboczej narzędzia. Modernizacja pługa spowodowała wzrost zużycia paliwa na jednostkę powierzchni podczas orki w stosunku do powierzchni uprawianej. Zastosowanie zmodernizowanego pługa pozwala na połączenie dwóch energochłonnych operacji - orki i głęboszowania - w jednym przejeździe.

2

The impact of road infrastructure on fuel consumption and emissions of a road vehicle – a case study

Pečman Jan, Šarkan Branislav, Ližbetinová Lenka

Transport Problems

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2025

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T. 20, z. 3

163--173

EN

This article addresses an underexplored yet important factor—the influence of road geometry and characteristics on the energy demands and environmental footprint of road vehicle operation. Based on a case study using real-world data from the operation of a petrol-powered passenger car, differences in fuel consumption and CO₂ and NOₓ emissions when driving on rural and urban roads are analyzed. The results indicate that factors such as road gradient, traffic flow characteristics, and stop frequency can significantly affect operational efficiency. The study provides evidence that traffic engineering applications have a measurable impact on fuel consumption and pollutant emissions and, as such, should not be overlooked. Based on these findings, the study proposes that road infrastructure characteristics and management should be actively integrated into strategic sustainable transport policy measures, particularly within the framework of the European Union’s Green Deal objectives.

3

Study of the impact of passenger train control algorithms on fuel consumption

Vaičiūnas Gediminas, Steišūnas Stasys

Transport Problems

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2025

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T. 20, z. 4

65--73

EN

This article examines different control algorithms for passenger trains to reduce fuel consumption. Control algorithms are based on the use of train freewheeling to minimize friction braking and account for the average speed requirements of the traffic schedule. The authors identified the dependencies of the efficiency of the algorithms on the gradients and curves of the track and investigated the patterns of these dependencies. It was determined under which track profile parameters the algorithm is maximally effective. Conclusions are presented on which track profiles the control algorithm saves the most fuel.

4

Optimization of road transport within the supply network - a case study from Poland

Ziółkowski Jarosław, Hošková-Mayerová Sarka, Hutsaylyuk Volodymyr, Łukasiak Daniel

Transport Problems

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2025

|

T. 20, z. 1

193--206

EN

Optimization in the area of road transport is the subject of numerous scientific publications. Its analysis uses programming languages (including linear) and tools enabling not only a detailed analysis of the examined process but also including data dynamics (demand variability) and the availability of resources (means of transport) diversified in terms of permissible total mass (GVW). Such tools are useful because they support decision-making processes. This paper uses the example of a military supply network to present a multi-criteria methodology enabling minimization of total transport costs, number and type (due to load capacity) of vehicles used, distance traveled, fuel used, and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Moreover, additional restrictions on existing transport resources were included, considering the number and type of vehicles available at the base. This is of great importance, especially when there is a need to provide emergency deliveries, for example, in the event of a war threat. The proposed method is universal and was developed using an MS Excel spreadsheet with the Solver add-in.

5

The use of a vehicle simulator for eco-driving research

Ślusarczyk Katarzyna, Jurecki Rafał

Combustion Engines

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2025

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R. 64, nr 4

23--31

EN

The study presents the use of a driving simulator as a tool for evaluating driver behavior in the context of eco-driving. A group of 37 drivers of varying age and experience completed a predefined urban driving scenario under controlled conditions. Based on four operational variables, each weighted by its assumed impact on fuel efficiency, the WEco indicator was developed to enable a quantitative assessment of driving style. Drivers were classified into three groups representing different levels of eco-driving performance. The results showed clear differences in fuel consumption and engine RPM, confirming the validity of the classification model. The proposed indicator offers practical applications in fleet management, driver training, and environmental impact monitoring.

6

The effect of hydrogen addition to traditional petrol engine fuel in a hybrid power plant on its environmental performance and fuel efficiency

Depczyński Wojciech, Marchenko Andrii, Mishchenko Svitlana, Mishchenko Mykyta

Combustion Engines

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2025

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R. 64, nr 1

87--94

EN

The article is concerned with studying the impact of hydrogen additive on the traditional fuel of a petrol internal combustion engine (ICE) as part of a hybrid power plant on key indicators of its efficiency and environmental friendliness. The main attention is paid to the assessment of fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions within the NEDC driving cycle. The paper develops a mathematical model of the internal combustion engine's working process, which takes into account the addition of hydrogen to the fuel mixture and creates a model for determining the parameters of a hybrid powertrain in the NEDC cycle modes. The results of the study showed that every 2% addition of hydrogen to petrol reduces the specific effective fuel consumption by 2.8-3.5%, depending on the speed mode. It was found that the hybrid system provides effective energy recovery during braking, which contributes to the overall efficiency of the system. The study confirms the prospects of using hydrogen as an additive to traditional fuels to improve the environmental friendliness and efficiency of transport, reduce CO₂ emissions and decarbonise the transport sector. The developed calculation methodology can be used for further research and implementation of new technologies in the field of hybrid powertrains.

7

Experimental verification of changes in the control map of a diesel engine operation due to fuel consumption

Sroka Zbigniew J., Heda Rafał

Combustion Engines

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2025

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R. 64, nr 1

31--36

EN

The paper describes an experiment related to the introduction of changes in the control software of a supercharged diesel engine in order to reduce fuel consumption, as a measure of useful efficiency. The map shaping the torque in the range of low and medium engine speeds was modified. The fuel dose for a specific engine speed at maximum engine load was changed, and the boost pressure was increased without exceeding the permissible values. A vehicle from the age group of 16 years $ typical for the automotive market in Poland, was selected for the tests. It meets the Euro 5 standard. The experiment was carried out on a chassis dynamometer and in road traffic conditions. The average fuel consumption was obtained lower by 0.4 dm3 per 100 km than the factory assumed.

8

Analysis of the acceleration process of a passenger vehicle under variable load conditions

Hennek Krystian, Mamala Jarosław, Bieniek Andrzej, Kołodziej Szymon

Combustion Engines

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2025

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R. 64, nr 3

100--108

EN

The study contains an analysis of the acceleration process of a passenger vehicle equipped with an IC power-train, aimed at determining a throttle control strategy that minimizes fuel consumption during acceleration while maintaining adequate dynamic performance. The first stage involved measuring traction parameters for a constant assumed engine power. The second stage focused on determining a control trajectory that would ensure minimal fuel consumption during acceleration. To achieve this the acceleration process was examined during a flexibility test in the speed range from 12.5 to 35 m/s, following an acceleration pedal control line related to the crankshaft rotation speed. Implementing the acceleration process along this control line resulted in a reduction in acceleration dynamics, accompanied by a decrease in fuel consumption per distance traveled by nearly 51%. An analysis of the average acceleration values for a given drivetrain gear ratio revealed that exceeding an acceleration pedal position of 70% yields no significant improvement in vehicle dynamics. The optimal acceleration pedal positions during acceleration were found to be within the range of 25% to 70%.

9

Effect of the share of autonomous vehicles in road traffic on traffic conditions and fuel consumption in the vicinity of mid-block pedestrian crossings

Kieć Mariusz, Bąk Radosław, Kamiński Tomasz

Roads and Bridges - Drogi i Mosty

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2024

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Vol. 23, no. 2

119 --137

EN

Introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in road traffic is commonly presented as an opportunity to improve safety and traffic performance through elimination of human factor from the decisive process, including its replacement with vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. However, AVs must take into account interactions with vulnerable road users (including pedestrians and cyclists), which is problematic due to the need for prediction of their behavior and adequate reaction thereto. The article presents the results of microsimulation analyses of AV traffic in the vicinity of a mid-block pedestrian crossing. With the assumed gradual increase in the share of AVs in traffic, the results suggest that pedestrian crossings are among locations where smoothness of traffic flow may considerably deteriorate. The results of the performed analyses and literature studies indicate that AVs will have to brake more rapidly (or brake earlier) and come to a complete stop more frequently than conventional vehicles. The article also presents the effect of the share of AVs in road traffic on fuel consumption, which indirectly affects the environment.

PL

Pojawienie się pojazdów autonomicznych (AV) w ruchu drogowym jest powszechnie przedstawiane jako szansa na poprawę bezpieczeństwa i warunków ruchu poprzez wykluczenie człowieka z procesu decyzyjnego, w tym zastąpienie go komunikacją pojazdów z pojazdami i z infrastrukturą. AV muszą uwzględniać między innymi interakcje z niechronionymi uczestnikami ruchu (m.in. pieszymi i rowerzystami), co jest problematyczne ze względu na konieczność przewidywania ich zachowań i odpowiedniego reagowania na nie. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analiz mikrosymulacyjnych ruchu AV w rejonie wydzielonego przejścia dla pieszych. Założenie stopniowego wzrostu udziału AV wskazuje, że przejścia dla pieszych są miejscem, w którym płynność ruchu może się wówczas znacząco pogorszyć. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz oraz studiów literatury wskazują, że AV będą musiały gwałtowniej lub wcześniej hamować oraz częściej zatrzymywać się niż pojazdy konwencjonalne. W artykule przedstawiono również wpływ różnych poziomów udziału AV w ruchu na zużycie paliwa, mające pośredni wpływ na środowisko.

10

Methods of limiting fuel consumption by seagoing vessels in order to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere

Giernalczyk Mariusz, Kamiński Piotr

Journal of KONBiN

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2024

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Vol. 54, iss. 3

39--71

EN

The aim of the paper is to draw attention to the problem of emitting toxic compounds into the atmosphere by seagoing ships. Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention, which came into force in 2005, concerns the prevention of air pollution from ships, forced shipowners to use solutions aimed at limiting the emission of these harmful substances into the atmosphere. One of the instruments enabling the implementation of these guidelines is the design energy efficiency index EEDI, introduced obligatorily for designed and newly built ships. Since 2013, the regulations oblige the shipowners to maintain an effective energy management plan during ship's operation, called the SEEMP (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan). The paper presents factors that influence the reduction of fuel consumption by ships, leading to a reduction in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere and thus achieving the required EEDI and other indicators. These are factors related to the ship's hull, the main propulsion engine and the propeller-rudder system. The influence of each of these factors on the level of fuel consumption by the ship was indicated. The manuscript highlights the methods of reducing fuel consumption by seagoing ships aimed at reducing emissions of toxic compounds into the atmosphere, which are currently the most popular and effective, and relate mainly to the hull and main propulsion engines. EEDI, EEOI, SEEMP, fuel consumption, reduction of pollutant emissions

PL

Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na problem emisji przez statki morskie związków toksycznych do atmosfery. Wprowadzony w życie 19 maja 2005 r. Załącznik VI Konwencji MARPOL, dotyczący zapobiegania zanieczyszczania powietrza przez statki, wymusił na armatorach stosowanie rozwiązań zmierzających do ograniczenia emisji do atmosfery szkodliwych substancji. Jednym z instrumentów pozwalających na realizację tych wytycznych jest wprowadzony obligatoryjnie dla projektowanych i nowo budowanych statków projektowy współczynnik efektywności energetycznej EEDI. Z kolei od stycznia 2013 r. przepisy nakładają też na armatorów obowiązek prowadzenia planu efektywnego zarządzania energią podczas eksploatacji statku SEEMP (ang. Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan). W artykule przedstawiono czynniki mające wpływ na ograniczanie zużycia paliwa przez statki prowadzące do obniżenia emisji do atmosfery szkodliwych substancji, a przez to uzyskanie wymaganych wielkości współczynnika EEDI oraz SEEMP. Są to czynniki związane z kadłubem statku, silnikiem napędu głównego oraz układem śruba – ster. Wskazano na wpływ każdego z tych czynników na poziom zużycia paliwa przez statek. W pracy wyeksponowano te metody ograniczania zużycia paliwa przez statki morskie zmierzające do obniżenia emisji do atmosfery związków toksycznych, które obecnie są najbardziej popularnymi i skutecznymi, a odnoszą się głównie do kadłuba oraz silników napędu głównego. EEDI, EEOI, SEEMP, zużycie paliwa, redukcja emisji zanieczyszczeń

11

Correlation relationships of processes in the combustion engine in the RDE test

Sordyl Adam, Chłopek Zdzisław, Merkisz Jerzy

Combustion Engines

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2024

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R. 63, nr 4

112--125

EN

The article presents considerations on the processes taking place in the combustion engine in the real driving operating conditions of a vehicle performing the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) test. The tests were carried out using a passenger car with a spark-ignition engine. The processes considered in the article were related to the engine operating states, exhaust emissions and fuel mass consumption, and the vehicle velocity, which determines the engine operating conditions. The RDE test was carried out using PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) equipment, and the following variables were recorded: vehicle velocity, control, engine speed, relative torque and relative engine power, emission pollutant intensity of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide, the intensity of particle number and the fuel mass consumption intensity. The recorded signals were digitally processed, and the statistical properties of the variables and the mutual relation between the engine operating states were examined. The properties of the measured variables were investigated in the entire RDE test and in its constituent phases: the first, corresponding to vehicle traffic in cities, the second - outside cities, and the third - on highways and expressways. The pollutant specific distance emission and the particle number specific distance as well as the specific distance fuel mass consumption were determined in relation to the average vehicle velocity, and based on these results, the exhaust emissions and fuel mass consumption characteristics were created. Correlational studies of the considered variables were also performed. Pearson's linear correlation coefficients for the combinations of the measured variables were determined.

12

Non-repeatability of the WLTP vehicle test results

Sordyl Adam, Chłopek Zdzisław, Merkisz Jerzy

Archives of Transport

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2024

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Vol. 71, iss. 3

25--49

EN

The paper presents results of considerations on the repeatability of the passenger car test results obtained in the WLTP procedure on a chassis dynamometer. The research concerned the aspects of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. Measurements were carried out in the WLTC test with a cold engine start and then in four WLTC (Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle) tests with a hot engine start. The following values were measured: average specific distance emissions of hydrocarbons, non-methane hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and carbon dioxide, specific distance particulate number, and operational fuel consumption. Thus, it was possible to assess the impact of the engine's thermal state at start-up on the test results and the nature of test results repeatability with the start-up of a hot engine. The repeatability of the test results was assessed based on the coefficient of variation obtained in the individual tests and the relationship of the maximum difference between measurement results values in the individual tests for a hot engine start. The obtained test results turned out to be very diverse for the considered parameters and indicated low repeatability. Values of carbon dioxide emissions and operational fuel consumption were definitely the least varied in individual hot engine start tests. The exhaust emission of particulate matter varied the most in individual test iterations. However, the specific distance particulate number was relatively similar between individual tests, less so than the exhaust emission of other pollutants. In the case of different engine thermal state at start-up, the emitted particulate number varied the most in the test results, while the emission of carbon dioxide and operational fuel consumption varied the least. The repeatability of executing the velocity process in WLTC tests at hot engine and cold engine start-up was also examined as processes determining exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. These tests were much more repeatable than the exhaust emission and fuel consumption.

13

Effect of vehicle operating parameters on fuel consumption and the overall energy efficiency of the drive system

Gonera Jarosław, Janulin Michał, Vrublevskyi Oleksandr

Archives of Transport

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2024

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Vol. 72, iss. 4

109--128

EN

This article presents a research methodology that supplements known studies to solve the problem of a correct complementary analysis of vehicles with different drive units. This method can be used at the stage of selecting a car for specific tasks, as well as for in-service technical condition checks. A new method is proposed for analysing the impact of operating conditions on the mileage fuel consumption, unit fuel consumption and overall energy efficiency of vehicles. In the study, it was possible to determine the effect of changing the vehicle speed, road gradient angle and vehicle weight. Tests identifying fuel consumption and efficiency characteristics as a function of vehicle load were carried out using passenger cars with different drive designs. Carrying out tests under laboratory conditions on a chassis dynamometer bench enabled the precise determination of the change in operating conditions. The criteria adopted for the evaluation included fuel consumption and overall vehicle energy efficiency. The variable parameters included speed, vehicle weight, and the road gradient angle. The data for criteria calculation were acquired using a diagnostic tester with a functional parameter recording function. The application of the presented method enabled a comparison of the overall energy efficiency of two vehicles equipped with spark-ignition combustion engines, according to the criteria listed. The experiment showed that in a three-cylinder engine, unit fuel consumption is more sensitive to parameter changes under identical conditions (speed, vehicle weight, road gradient angle) than in a four-cylinder engine. To evaluate the drive units of the test vehicles, characteristics of changes in the overall energy efficiency were used as well. It was observed that in all testing variants, the value increased with increasing road gradient values, with the intensity of η increase not being constant. A car with a four-cylinder engine has a higher energy efficiency at low loads. The proposed methodology is relevant for evaluating vehicles with different drive systems (including hybrid) and adapting drive characteristics to the operating conditions. Partially the presented methodology can also be transferred to EV vehicles - in terms of energy efficiency.

14

Analysis of parameters affecting fuel consumption based on statistical modelling

Burdzik Rafał, Simiński Dawid

Transport Samochodowy

|

2023

|

z. 1

23--28

EN

Fluctuating fuel prices and the importance of road transport in the context of the environmental impact of transport make the research related to fuel consumption analyses still up‑ to‑ date and socially important. The article presents the methodology for determining the statistical model of fuel consumption based on the analysis of the significance of driving parameters. The fleet of trucks (sets of tractor truck and semi‑ trailer) was selected as the research object due to their dominant share in the road commercial transport sector in the transport of goods. In order to calculate determinants of fuel consumption, the classic method of least squares was used, as a result of which an optimal statistical model of fuel consumption was developed using the elimination method. The model developed was also verified based on the real data.

PL

Zmienne ceny paliw oraz znaczenie transportu drogowego w kontekście oddziaływania środowiskowego transportu powodują, że badania związane z analizami zużycia paliwa są ciągle aktualne i istotne społecznie. W artykule przedstawiono metodologię wyznaczania modelu statystycznego zużycia paliwa na podstawie analizy istotności parametrów jazdy. Jako obiekt badań wybrano flotę samochodów ciężarowych (zastawów ciągnik siodłowy i naczepa) z uwagi na ich dominujący udział w sektorze drogowego transportu zarobkowego w przewozie ładunków. W celu wyznaczenia determinant zużycia paliwa zastosowano klasyczną metodę najmniejszych kwadratów, w efekcie której opracowano, metodą eliminacji, optymalny model statystyczny zużycia paliwa. Przeprowadzono także weryfikację opracowanego modelu na podstawie danych rzeczywistych

15

Precision diagnostics of a diesel engine under agricultural tractor operating conditions

Vrublevskyi Oleksandr, Gonera Jarosław, Napiórkowski Jerzy

Transport Problems

|

2023

|

T. 18, z. 2

181--194

EN

This paper presents a method for the precise diagnosis of a diesel engine in an agricultural tractor based on the analysis of efficiency changes and parameters characterizing the process of fuel-air mixture preparation. We proposed that the technical condition be identified based on available data from the engine controller, as this enables the implementation of precise online diagnostics of an agricultural tractor. The method was verified using the original cycle, during which we simulated several engine defects leading to a change in conditions and quality of the processes of creating and burning the fuel/air/flue gas mixture. In the paper, we justified the selection of the points at which the engine parameters were measured, as they provide the most information and allow for efficient identification of damage. These results indicate the possibility of damage identification without the use of the diagnostic cycle in the operation of operator-driven vehicles and autonomous vehicles.

16

Analiza porównawcza narzędzi do pomiaru zużycia paliwa w samochodzie osobowym

Sawczuk Karol

Journal of Computer Sciences Institute

|

2023

|

Vol. 27

100--103

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano efekty praktycznego zastosowania autorskiej aplikacji na urządzenie mobilne pozwalającej na pomiar zużycia paliwa w samochodzie osobowym. Aplikacja posiada dwa moduły i pracuje w trakcie jazdy samochodem. Jeden z modułów pobiera dane z komputera pokładowego za pomocą protokołu OBD II. Drugi zaś, wykorzystuje GPS telefonu oraz dane wprowadzone przez użytkownika. Równoczesne pobieranie danych z modułów pozwala na ich zestawienie. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników badań wnioskuje się, że niedokładność nawigacji GPS w stosunku do OBD II dla samochodów benzynowych nie przekracza 6%, a dla tych z silnikiem diesla, 21%. Rezultaty pracy ułatwią użytkownikom odpowiedni dobór techniki badania zużycia paliwa przez samochód osobowy.

EN

The article presents the results of practical application of the author's application for a mobile device that allows measuring fuel consumption in a passenger car. The application has two modules and works while driving the car. One of the modules retrieves data from the on-board computer using the OBD II protocol. The other module uses the phone's GPS and data entered by the user. Simultaneous data collecting from the modules allows them to be compared. Based on the results, it is concluded that the inaccuracy of GPS navigation in relation to OBD II for gasoline cars does not exceed 6%, and for those with diesel engines, 21%. The results of the work will make it easier for users to appropriately select a technique for testing the fuel consumption of a passenger car.

17

Diagnosing the thermostat using vehicle on-board diagnostic (OBD) data

Witaszek Kazimierz, Witaszek Mirosław

Diagnostyka

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, No. 4

art. no. 2023402

EN

The thermostat is a crucial component of a car's internal combustion engine's cooling system. Failure of the thermostat can result in undercooling or overheating of the engine. Undercooling may increase wear of engine components due to poor lubrication and lead to higher fuel consumption. Conversely, overheating can damage the engine. The engine coolant temperature is one of the fundamental parameters for the proper functioning of the engine. The vehicle's onboard diagnostics system was unable to detect the malfunction of the thermostat. As a consequence, fuel consumption increased, which was especially noticeable in winter. This paper evaluates the possibility of carrying out thermostat diagnostics using data obtained from the OBD system through a diagnostic interface ELM327, which is connected to the OBD-II connector and interfaced with Torque Pro software on a smartphone. Analysis of the data confirmed that the proposed diagnostic method was appropriate. Furthermore, the impact of the thermostat malfunction on different factors such as coolant temperature, cold engine warm-up time, parameters characterising thermostat cycling, and fuel consumption of the car were studied. It was found that, apart from the already mentioned decrease in coolant temperature, the thermostat hysteresis also decreased and the thermostat cycle time increased.

18

Modeling the fuel consumption by a HEV vehicle - a case study

Lisowski Maciej, Gołębiewski Wawrzyniec, Prajwowski Konrad, Danilecki Krzysztof, Radwan Mirosław

Combustion Engines

|

2023

|

R. 62, nr 2

71--83

EN

The article presents a mathematical model demonstrating the synergy of HEV energetic machines in accordance with the model predictive control. Then the results of road tests are presented. They were based on the factory control of the above-mentioned system. The results of the operating parameters of the system according to the factory control and the results of the operating parameters according to the model predictive control were compared. On their basis, it could be concluded that the model predictive control contributed to changes in the power and electrochemical charge level of the energy storage system from 50.1% (the beginning) to 56.1% (the end of course) and for MPC from 50.1% (the beginning) to 59.9% (the end of the course). The applied MPC with 13 reference trajectories (LQT) of power machines of the series-parallel HEV allowed for fuel savings on the level of 4%.

19

Fuel consumption and CO2 emission analysis of hybrid and conventional vehicles in urban driving conditions

Skuza Adriana, Szumska Emilia, Jurecki Rafał

Combustion Engines

|

2023

|

R. 62, nr 4

48--55

EN

Hybrid vehicles are a good solution for a smooth transition towards electromobility. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between route parameters and fuel consumption and emissions of harmful exhaust components of vehicles with a conventional and hybrid drive system. As a result of simulation tests, values for fuel consumption and CO2 emissions for HEV and ICEV vehicles were obtained in 28 trips in urban conditions. The average fuel consumption achieved by the hybrid was 53% lower than that of a conventional vehicle. When analysing the average value of CO2 emissions, the hybrid showed a 54% lower value than a conventional vehicle. Using statistical methods, the relationship between the route parameters and the operational parameters of the vehicle was determined. It has been shown that the route parameters strongly correlate with the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of a conventional vehicle. In the case of hybrid vehicles, there was a weaker relationship between these parameters.

20

Estimation of fuel consumption in a jet engine based on vibration signal parameters

Szymański Grzegorz M., Cywka Bartłomiej, Mokrzan Daniel, Prokopowicz Wojciech

Combustion Engines

|

2023

|

R. 62, nr 3

13--20

EN

This paper proposes the use of vibroacoustic signal parameters to estimate the fuel consumption of a miniature GTM-400 engine. The method for testing engine vibrations is presented, followed by an analysis of the results obtained. Two vibration point measures were selected to build a fuel consumption model. The models obtained were verified, after which those that best describe the real fuel consumption of the engine were selected. The paper proves that the vibration signal, in addition to its applications in jet engine diagnostics, can be used to determine engine performance, which can contribute to reducing the complexity of construction and increasing the economics of engine operation.