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EN
Maritime safety involves minimizing error in all aspects of the marine system. Human error has received much importance, being responsible for about 80% of the maritime accident worldwide. Currently, more attention has been focused to reduce human error in marine engine maintenance. On-board marine engine maintenance activities are often complex, where seafarers conduct maintenance activities in various marine environmental (i.e. extreme weather, ship motions, noise, and vibration) and operational (i.e. work overload and stress) conditions. These environmental and operational conditions, in combination with generic human error tendencies, results in innumerable forms of error. There are numerous accidents that happened due to the human error during the maintenance activities of a marine engine. The most severe human error results in accidents due to is a loss of life. Moreover, there are other consequences too such as delaying the productivity of marine operations which results in the financial loss. This study reviews methods that are currently available for identifying, reporting and managing human error in marine engine maintenance. As a basis for this discussion, authors provide an overview of approaches for investigating human error, and a description of marine engine maintenance activities and environmental and operational characteristics.
EN
Monte Carlo simulation method of oil spill domains determination based on the probabilistic approach to the solution of this problem is proposed. A semi-Markov model of the process of changing hydro-meteorological conditions is constructed and its parameters are defined. The general stochastic model of oil spill domain movement for various hydro-meteorological conditions is described. Monte Carlo simulation procedure is created and applied to generating the process of changing hydro-meteorological conditions and the prediction of the oil spill domain movement impacted by these changes conditions.
EN
Modelling of operation process influence on safety of a critical infrastructure is presented. New safety and resilience indicators for a critical infrastructure are defined and procedures of their determination in the case of the created model are proposed. Next, this model is applied to safety and resilience analysis of the port oil terminal critical infrastructure impacted by its operation process and the results are compared to the indicators of this critical infrastructure without operation impacts.
EN
The main aim of the paper is analysis of safety of the Global Baltic Network of Critical Infrastructure Networks (GBNCIN), taking into account interactions among particular critical infrastructure networks this network consists of. The safety function and other safety characteristics: the risk function and mean values and the standard deviations of the lifetimes in the safety state subsets are determined assuming the particular critical infrastructure networks have exponential safety functions. Finally, the coefficients of cascading effect impact on the intensities of degradation of the GBNCIN, and the indicator of that network resilience to cascading effect impact, are presented.
EN
The paper is devoted to presentation the safety model for Baltic Port and Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network (BPSCIN) taking into account interactions between Baltic Port Critical Infrastructure Network, Baltic Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network and Baltic Ship Traffic and Port Operation Information Critical Infrastructure Network. First of all, the BPSCIN and its safety parameters are introduced. Next, the basic information and necessary data to describe the interactions in considered critical infrastructure network are given. Finally, the safety, resilience and risk indicators of the BPSCIN are presented.
EN
The paper presents a method of the GBNCIN operation and safety, with considering the climate-weather change process, safety optimization. Basic characteristics of the critical infrastructure operation process related to climateweather change process are shown. Then, optimal transient probabilities of the GBNCIN Operation Process at Operation States Related to Climate-Weather Change Process, and the GBNCIN optimal safety and resilience indicators, are introduced. By defining unconditional multistate safety function of the GBNCIN, and corresponding optimal risk function, the optimal coefficients of the operation process related to the climateweather change impact on the GBNCIN intensities of degradation, have been determined. Finally, optimal sojourn times of the GBNCIN operation process at operation states, related to climate-weather change process and operation strategy, are presented.
EN
The paper presents a method of the GBNCIN operation and safety, with considering the climate-weather change process, safety optimization. Basic characteristics of the critical infrastructure operation process related to climateweather change process are shown. Then, the GBNCIN operation cost related to climate-weather change is introduced. Furthermore, by analysis of the operation cost of the GBNCIN impacted by the operation process, related to the climate-weather change process, and its conditional safety functions, mean values of the total sojourn times at particular operation states during certain sufficiently large GBNCIN operation time are fixed. Finally, the GBNCIN operation cost related to climate-weather change minimization, and cost analysis of the GBNCIN operation impacted by climate-weather change, are presented.
EN
The paper is devoted the optimization of operation process and minimization of operation cost for Baltic Port and Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network (BPSCIN) at variable operation conditions related to the climateweather change. For this network, the optimal transient probabilities that minimize the mean value of the total operation costs are found. Finally, cost analysis of BPSCIN operation impacted by climate-weather change is presented in case the BPSCIN is non-repairable and in case it is repairable after exceeding its critical safety state.
EN
The paper is devoted the optimization of operation process and maximization of safety lifetimes for Baltic Port and Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network (BPSCIN) at variable operation conditions related to the climateweather change. For this network, the optimal transient probabilities of BPSCIN operation process at operation states related to climate-weather change that maximize the mean value of BPSCIN safety lifetimes are found. Finally, the optimal safety and resilience indicators of considered network are presented.
EN
The general model of a critical infrastructure changing its safety structure, its components safety parameters and its operation cost during the variable operation process and linear programming are applied to optimize the critical infrastructure operation process in order to get the critical infrastructure operation cost optimal value. The optimization problem allowing to find the optimal values of the transient probabilities of the critical infrastructure operation process at the particular operation states that minimize the critical infrastructure operation cost mean value in the safety states subset not worse than a critical safety state is presented. The optimization of operation cost of the critical infrastructure is proposed with considering climate-weather change process influence on the system safety.
EN
The method based on the results of the joint model linking a semi-Markov modelling of the critical infrastructure operation process with a multistate approach to critical infrastructure safety and linear programming are proposed to the critical infrastructure operation and safety optimization. This method determining the optimal values of limit transient probabilities at the critical infrastructure operation states that maximize the critical infrastructure safety lifetime in the safety state subsets is proposed.
EN
The methods based on the results of the General Model of Critical Infrastructure Accident Consequences and the linear programming are proposed to the optimization of critical infrastructures accident consequences with considering the climate-weather change process influence. The critical infrastructure accident consequences determining the optimal values of limit transient probabilities at the process of environment degradation states that minimize the critical infrastructure accident expected value of the total environment losses impacted by the climate-weather change for the fixed time interval are proposed.
EN
The paper is concerned with the application of the model of critical infrastructure safety prediction with considering its operation and climate-weather change impacts. The general approach to the prediction of critical infrastructure safety and resilience is proposed and the safety and resilience indicators are defined for a critical infrastructure impacted by its operation process and the climate-weather change process. Moreover, there is presented the model application for port oil piping transportation system safety and resilience prediction. Further, the cost analysis and optimisation of critical infrastructure operation process impacted by climateweather change is proposed and applied to the considered piping system.
EN
The paper is concerned with the application of the model of critical infrastructure safety prediction with considering its climate-weather change impacts. The general approach to the prediction of critical infrastructure safety and resilience is proposed and the safety and resilience indicators are defined for a critical infrastructure impacted by climate-weather change process. Moreover, there is presented the model application for port oil piping transportation system safety and resilience prediction. Further, the cost analysis of critical infrastructure impacted by climate-weather change process is proposed and applied to the considered piping system.
EN
The paper is concerned with the model of critical infrastructure safety prediction with considering its operation process impacts. The general approach to the prediction of critical infrastructure safety and resilience is proposed and the safety and resilience indicators are defined for a critical infrastructure impacted by its operation process. Moreover, there is presented the model application for port oil piping transportation system safety and resilience prediction. Further, the cost analysis of critical infrastructure operation process is proposed and applied to the considered piping system.
EN
The paper is concerned with the model of critical infrastructure safety prediction without considering outside impacts. The general approach to the prediction of critical infrastructure safety is proposed and the safety indicators are defined for a critical infrastructure free of any outside impacts. Moreover, there is presented the model application for port oil piping transportation system safety prediction. Further, the cost analysis of critical infrastructure operation process is proposed and applied to the considered piping system.
EN
In the paper optimization of operation process and minimization of operation cost for interconnected and interdependent critical infrastructure (CI) networks with cascading effects at variable operation conditions related to the climate-weather change are proposed. A multistate series network with assets dependent according to local load sharing (LLS) rule is analyzed and optimization of operation and safety of CI network with the LLS rule is introduced. For such CI network, the optimal transient probabilities that minimize the mean value of the total operation costs are found. Finally, cost analysis of CI network operation impacted by climate-weather change is presented in case the CI network is non-repairable and in case it is repairable after exceeding its critical safety state.
EN
In the paper optimization of operation process and maximization of safety lifetimes for interconnected and interdependent critical infrastructure (CI) networks at variable operation conditions related to the climateweather change are proposed. A multistate series network with assets dependent according to local load sharing (LLS) rule is analyzed and optimization of operation and safety of CI network with the LLS rule is introduced. For such CI network, the optimal transient probabilities of CI network operation process at operation states related to climate-weather change that maximize the mean value of CI network safety lifetimes are found. Finally, the optimal safety and resilience indicators of CI network are presented.
EN
The paper contains the detailed description, preparatory work and necessary data for conduction of Case Study 2: Storm and Sea Surge at Baltic Sea Port, Scenario 2: Chemical Spill Due to Extreme Sea Surges – Critical Infrastructure Chemical Accident (Spill) Consequences Related to Climate-Weather Change in the scope of the EU-CIRCLE project. The general model of critical accident consequences was applied to chemical spill consequences generated by dynamic ship critical infrastructure network operating at the Baltic Sea waters. The approach to the prediction of critical infrastructure accident consequences is proposed. Moreover, the cost analysis of losses associated with the consequences of chemical spill, without and with considering the climate-weather impact, is proposed.
EN
The paper deals with the sea accidents that have occurred at the domain of a passenger Ro-Ro ship operating at the Baltic Sea between Gdynia and Karlskrona ports during last three decades. The accidents are grouped into two sets, that happened at the open waters and those at the port waters. Next, for each accident, the climateweather change process conditions are identified to examine the weather hazards influence on the considered accidents.
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