Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Analysis of industrial enterprise innovation in the era of Industry 4.0

Pacana Andrzej, Czerwińska Karolina

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2025

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nr 83 (155)

63--72

EN

Today, innovation is an important factor in socioeconomic development. Based on advanced engineering and manufacturing technologies, Industry 4.0 has a significant impact on technological innovation and offers valuable opportunities. Innovation activities allow companies to achieve many benefits in the short term, such as the introduction of new products to the market, the implication of new production technologies and, in the long term, the expansion of the market, meeting the exorbitant demands of customers, increasing productivity, and reducing costs, wastage, and production time. This study focuses on the issue of enterprise innovation and, in particular, on the innovative activities of industrial enterprises. This study aims to analyze the innovative activities of industrial enterprises and to identify the conditions that are conducive to undertaking pro-innovative activities. This study presents the theoretical basis for enterprise innovativeness. Secondary data relating to the issue of innovation in the industrial area were collected and analyzed. The activities undertaken made it possible to assess the current level of innovativeness, identify trends, and propose solutions that could support and increase the intensity of innovative activities. The results of this research can be used as a starting point for further deliberations on the creation of conditions supporting an increase in the innovativeness of Polish enterprises.

2

Drone swarms - as an innovative tool to carry out irregular warfare

Olkiewicz Marcin, Wolniak Radosław, Terebecki Mariusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 215

387--408

EN

Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities of using drone swarms as an innovative battlefield tool. Design/methodology/approach: The research includes simulation methods by using computer simulation methods based on the so-called random walk - Brownian motion and Brownian bridge. Findings: The research shows that the innovative use of drone swarms will further increase the possibility of using them in an asymmetrical conflict. Particularly important is the cheapness of the presented solution, the possibility of using it after only a short training and the option to perform an earlier simulation of the effects of the drone swarms application by people with an average level of IT knowledge. Research limitations/implications: The study focused on analyzing the possibilities of using simulation methods to manage innovative drone swarms exclusively for military purposes and the possibilities of using such solutions. According to the authors, the research should be carried out in other areas of social life. Practical implications: In the era of Industry 4.0, which is based on digitization and robotization, it will be possible to increasingly use solutions that make use of artificial intelligence (AI) on the battlefield, such as the application of innovative drone swarms. Originality/value: The presented solution is based on innovations in various areas, it can be stated that this type of drone application is an open innovation and can be developed by both military and civilian companies.

3

Continuous improvement: leveraging data security in Industry 4.0 settings

Żywiołek Justyna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 216

661--672

EN

Purpose: This study aims to explore the critical role of data security in continuous improvement within Industry 4.0 settings. It focuses on identifying how robust data security practices enable organizations to enhance operational efficiency, foster innovation, and protect sensitive information assets. Additionally, the research highlights the interplay between technological advancements, regulatory compliance, and proactive risk management in achieving sustainable organizational growth. Design/methodology/approach: The research adopts a mixed-method approach to investigate the role of data security in continuous improvement within Industry 4.0. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify key theoretical frameworks and best practices related to cybersecurity and continuous improvement. The study also incorporates case analysis of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as IoT, AI, and big data analytics, highlighting their integration with data security strategies. By analyzing real-world applications and leveraging predictive analytics and compliance audits, the research demonstrates how secure data practices can enhance organizational performance and foster innovation. Findings: The study identifies that data security is an indispensable component of continuous improvement in Industry 4.0. Secure data practices enhance decision-making, promote operational resilience, and enable proactive risk mitigation. Moreover, they support compliance with regulatory frameworks, such as GDPR and ISO 27001, while fostering a culture of innovation and trust among stakeholders. The findings also reveal significant challenges, including technological complexity, resource constraints, and rapidly evolving cyber threats. Research limitations/implications: The research is limited by the availability of empirical data on specific Industry 4.0 applications. Future studies could expand on the practical implementation of data security measures across diverse industries and explore the economic implications of continuous improvement strategies. Additional research on emerging technologies, such as blockchain and quantum computing, could further enrich the understanding of secure data management. Practical implications: The study provides actionable insights for businesses seeking to integrate data security into their continuous improvement processes. It emphasizes the importance of investing in advanced security technologies, workforce training, and compliance frameworks to enhance organizational resilience. These recommendations are particularly relevant for enterprises navigating the complexities of Industry 4.0. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the literature by linking data security directly with continuous improvement in Industry 4.0. It offers a novel perspective on the strategic importance of secure data practices, supported by both theoretical insights and practical applications. The findings are valuable to researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders focused on sustainable growth and technological innovation.

4

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications and the Shipping Industry

Dalaklis Dimitrios

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2025

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Vol. 19 No. 1

325--330

EN

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be simply approached as the (effective) simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems. The issue of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), based on support by numerous AI applications, is providing a quite disruptive picture of how the shipping industry may be transformed in the future. After the necessary clarification of terms, a summary of certain important legal developments in relation to the on-going introduction of MASS type vessels into full service is provided. The role of trustworthy AI applications that can reliably serve the associated decision-making tasks is also discussed. In the near future, the vast majority of maritime transport needs will continue to be served by those vessels termed as “conventional” (regularly manned ships); the shipping industry is well known for its risk adverse behaviour and a slow pace of adaptation towards this new operating paradigm is the most probable path of adoption.

5

Validation of the use of KPIs to measure information security management system performance in manufacturing companies

Pacana Andrzej, Czerwińska Karolina

Production Engineering Archives

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2025

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Vol. 31, Iss. 2

266--275

EN

An Information Security Management System (ISMS) compliant with ISO/IEC 27001 requires the development and implementation of an effective system to guarantee the protection of information from threats. The aim of the study was to propose a set of indicators to measure the effectiveness of SZBI safeguards in manufacturing companies. A model for analysing the effectiveness of the SMS was built, which requires significant involvement of the company's management. Systemic information security management produces the best results, as it involves treating as a whole all processes taking place in the organisation and is consistent with them. A way to measure the degree of information security was defined using indicator analysis and the application of key performance indicators (KPIs). The metrics addressed key areas such as malware protection, quality of passwords and authentication, updating systems and applications, data handling and training. The implementation of a set of indicators makes it possible to diagnose the security system currently in place and identify critical areas for improvement. The model and set of indicators presented in the study can be a helpful tool in maintaining an effective SMS and safeguarding the interests of manufacturing enterprises and their stakeholders.

6

Zautomatyzowane testowanie poprawności procesu na linii produkcyjnej w oparciu o technikę RFID

Pawłowicz Bartosz, Stęchły Arkadiusz, Trybus Bartosz, Kosior Adrian, Ruman Marek

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2025

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R. 29, nr 2

67--75

PL

Technika RFID pozwala na zautomatyzowanie procesów produkcyjnych, szczególnie w zakresie kontroli jakości, zarządzaniu zasobami i optymalizacji produkcji. W ramach przedstawionego rozwiązania zaprojektowany i skonstruowany został model laboratoryjny linii produkcyjnej, w którym zastosowano identyfikatory RFID do identyfikacji poprawności obróbki komponentu na różnych etapach przetwarzania oraz jego ostatecznego sortowania. Wyniki testów potwierdzają skuteczność systemu w klasyfikacji produktów oraz wskazują na wpływ orientacji i odległości pomiędzy identyfikatorami a czytnikami na wydajność systemu.

EN

RFID technology allows for the automation of production processes, especially in quality control, resource management and production optimization roles. In this study, a laboratory model of a production line was created, using RFID tags to identify the accurate processing of a component at several processing stages and its final sorting. Test results confirm the effectiveness of the system in product classification and show the influence of orientation and distance between tags and readers on system performance.

7

Sustainable Development and Technological Advancements in Industry 4.0: Overcoming Barriers in SME Sector Integration

Ingaldi Manuela, Ulewicz Robert

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2025

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nr 1 (33)

144-162

EN

The advent of Industry 4.0 has introduced transformative opportunities for the SME sector, particularly in enhancing operational efficiency, fostering sustainability, and enabling digital connectivity within manufacturing processes. This study examines key barriers faced by SMEs in adopting Industry 4.0 technologies, including high initial investments, skills gaps in digital competencies, and logistical limitations in production infrastructure. It explores a collaborative platform model that facilitates resource sharing among SMEs to reduce individual costs, optimize technology access, and improve competency development. Findings highlight that while shared platforms can successfully mitigate certain financial and operational barriers, the scalability of such models faces limitations due to stakeholder interests and infrastructure constraints. This research provides insights into the critical role of technological advancements and sustainable practices in supporting SMEs’ Industry 4.0 transition and emphasizes the need for adaptive strategies to maintain integration viability as production demands evolve.

8

Umowa machine as a service Rewolucja na polskim rynku robotów przemysłowych?

Bazan Wojciech, Zagrajek Kinga

Kierunek Spożywczy

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2025

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Nr 2

44-47

PL

Czy umowa typu MaaS zrewolucjonizuje rynek robotów przemysłowych? Trudno odpowiedzieć na to pytanie jednoznacznie, jednak warto przyjrzeć się temu modelowi biznesowemu, który podbija choćby Stany Zjednoczone, Japonię czy Niemcy. Elastyczność, redukcja kosztów i szybki dostęp do najnowszych technologii to największe zalety MaaS. Jak poprawnie wdrożyć taką umowę i zabezpieczyć się przed ewentualnymi problemami?

9

Cyfrowa rewolucja Na h(f)ali

Radziwon Krzysztof

Kierunek Chemia

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2025

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Nr 2

22--24

PL

W ostatnich latach zakłady produkcyjne na całym świecie przechodzą dynamiczne zmiany związane z wdrażaniem koncepcji Industry 4.0. Automatyzacja, cyfryzacja i wykorzystanie zaawansowanych technologii na halach produkcyjnych zmieniają nie tylko sposób wytwarzania, ale też podejście do tak kluczowego obszaru, jakim jest utrzymanie ruchu.

10

Remaining useful life prediction with uncertainty quantification using evidential deep learning

Ben Ayed Safa, Broujeny Roozbeh Sadeghian, Hamza Rachid Tahar

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research

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2025

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Vol. 15, No. 1

37--55

EN

Predictive Maintenance presents an important and challenging task in Industry 4.0. It aims to prevent premature failures and reduce costs by avoiding unnecessary maintenance tasks. This involves estimating the Remaining Useful Life (RUL), which provides critical information for decision makers and planners of future maintenance activities. However, RUL prediction is not simple due to the imperfections in monitoring data, making effective Predictive Maintenance challenging. To address this issue, this article proposes an Evidential Deep Learning (EDL) based method to predict the RUL and to quantify both data uncertainties and prediction model uncertainties. An experimental analysis conducted on the C-MAPSS dataset of aero-engine degradation affirms that EDL based method outperforms alternative machine learning approaches. Moreover, the accompanying uncertainty quantification analysis demonstrates sound methodology and reliable results.

11

Opportunities and barriers in the digital transformation of dairy industry and its impact on sustainable production management

Wójcicki Krzysztof, Młody Michał, Sajdak Maja

Economics and Environment

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2025

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No. 3

art. no. 1081

EN

Purpose: This study investigates the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in the Polish dairy industry and their impact on sustainable production management, addressing opportunities, barriers, and strategic implications. Methodology/Approach: A structured CATI survey was conducted with 68 dairy companies. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics to evaluate disparities in technology adoption and its impact on sustainability outcomes. Findings: Large companies exhibit higher levels of digitalisation, benefiting from increased efficiency, sustainability, and ecological performance. Small and SMEs face barriers such as high costs, limited infrastructure, and workforce challenges. Research limitations/implications: The study's focus on the Polish dairy sector limits generalizability. Future research should explore specific technologies, such as blockchain and AI, and expand to other sectors for broader insights. Practical implications: The findings emphasise the need for financial support, training programs, and tailored strategies to overcome barriers, particularly for SMEs. Originality/Value: Our research bridges the gap between digital transformation and sustainability in the dairy sector, offering actionable insights for managers and policymakers.

PL

Badanie analizuje poziom implementacji technologii Przemysłu 4.0 w polskim przemyśle mleczarskim oraz ich wpływ na zrównoważone zarządzanie produkcją, uwzględniając szanse, bariery oraz implikacje strategiczne. Przeprowadzono ustrukturyzowaną ankietę CATI z 68 firmami mleczarskimi. Dane ilościowe przeanalizowano przy użyciu statystyk opisowych i oceniono rozbieżności w zakresie wdrażania technologii i ich wpływu na wyniki w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju. Duże firmy wykazały wyższy poziom cyfryzacji, czerpiąc korzyści ze zwiększonej wydajności, zrównoważonego rozwoju i wydajności ekologicznej. Małe i MŚP napotykają bariery, takie jak wysokie koszty, ograniczona infrastruktura i wyzwania związane z siłą roboczą. Przyszłe badania powinny zbadać konkretne technologie, takie jak blockchain i sztuczna inteligencja, oraz rozszerzyć je na inne sektory w celu uzyskania szerszego wglądu. Wyniki badań podkreślają potrzebę wsparcia finansowego, programów szkoleniowych i dostosowanych strategii w celu przezwyciężenia barier, szczególnie dla MŚP. Nasze badania wypełniają lukę między transformacją cyfrową a zrównoważonym rozwojem w sektorze mleczarskim, oferując praktyczne spostrzeżenia dla menedżerów i decydentów.

12

From traditional packaging to packaging 5.0: redefining the role of packaging in Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0

Ratajczyk Monika

Economics and Environment

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2025

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No. 3

art. no. 948

EN

The paper aims to examine whether current understandings of packaging correspond to the challenges posed by Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, and to propose a broader systemic perspective. A narrative literature review was conducted, including selecting academic, regulatory, and industry sources, followed by qualitative and comparative analysis. The study reveals that traditional, object-oriented definitions of packaging are insufficient. Packaging increasingly functions as a technological and socio-environmental system integrating digitalisation, circularity, and stakeholder needs. Key gaps in terminology and standardisation were identified. The study is conceptual and based on secondary sources; further empirical validation is needed. The findings indicate potential directions for redefining packaging strategies in the context of innovative, sustainable, and human-centric industries. Packaging contributes to environmental responsibility and consumer trust. The paper redefines packaging as a multi-dimensional system essential for Industry 4.0 and 5.0 transitions.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, czy obecne rozumienie opakowania odpowiada wyzwaniom stawianym przez Przemysł 4.0 i Przemysł 5.0, a także zaproponowanie szerszej, systemowej perspektywy. Przeprowadzono narracyjny przegląd literatury, obejmujący wybór źródeł akademickich, regulacyjnych i branżowych, a następnie analizę jakościową i porównawczą. Analizy pokazują, że tradycyjne, zorientowane na obiekt definicje opakowania są niewystarczające. Opakowanie coraz częściej funkcjonuje jako system technologiczny i społeczno-środowiskowy, integrujący cyfryzację, cyrkularność i potrzeby interesariuszy. Zidentyfikowano kluczowe luki w zakresie terminologii i standaryzacji. Artykuł ma charakter koncepcyjny i opiera się na źródłach wtórnych; konieczna jest dalsza walidacja empiryczna. Wyniki wskazują potencjalne kierunki redefiniowania strategii opakowaniowych w kontekście przemysłów innowacyjnych, zrównoważonych i zorientowanych na człowieka. Opakowania odgrywają istotną rolę w budowaniu odpowiedzialności środowiskowej i zaufania konsumentów. Artykuł redefiniuje opakowanie jako wielowymiarowy system, niezbędny w transformacji ku Przemysłowi 4.0 i 5.0.

13

Digital technology infrastructure management and business strategic alignment as enablers of digital capabilities in energy SMEs

Malewska Kamila, Chwiłkowska-Kubala Anna, Szumowski Witold

Economics and Environment

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2025

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No. 3

art. no. 1026

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of digital technology infrastructure management (DTIM) on digital capabilities (DC) in small and medium-sized energy enterprises, with digital technology business strategic alignment (DTBSA) as a mediating variable. Methodology: By analysing data collected from Polish and German companies using the CAWI method (197 correctly completed feedback questionnaires) and structural equation modelling (SEM), we determined the importance of digital technology infrastructure management and digital technology business strategic alignment for digital capabilities. Findings: The research procedure confirmed the hypotheses about the impact of DTIM and DTBSA on DC. Somewhat unexpectedly, only a slightly higher influence of DTBSA as a mediating variable was observed, suggesting further research directions on the digitalisation process of energy companies. The results of our study also indirectly address environmental aspects by paying particular attention to the importance of the digital transformation of the energy sector as a process that supports environmental protection. The cognitive results obtained in the course of the conducted research made it possible not only to formulate practical implications for managers of energy companies referring to the economic aspect of the operation of this sector, but also positive and negative implications for the environment resulting from the digitalisation of the energy industry. Originality: Although the energy sector is still perceived as slow to adapt, our study shows that digital technology infrastructure management positively impacts the digital capabilities of energy SMEs.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wpływu zarządzania infrastrukturą technologii cyfrowych (DTIM) na zdolności cyfrowe (DC) w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach energetycznych, przy udziale strategicznego dopasowania biznesowego technologii cyfrowych (DTBSA) jako zmiennej pośredniczącej. Analizując dane zebrane od polskich i niemieckich przedsiębiorstw przy użyciu metody CAWI (197 poprawnie wypełnionych kwestionariuszy zwrotnych) i modelowania równań strukturalnych (SEM), określono znaczenie zarządzania infrastrukturą technologii cyfrowych i strategicznego dopasowania biznesu w zakresie technologii cyfrowych dla zdolności cyfrowych. W postępowaniu badawczym potwierdzono hipotezy dotyczące wpływu DTIM i DTBSA na DC. Nieco nieoczekiwanie zaobserwowano niewiele większy wpływ DTBSA jako zmiennej pośredniczącej, co sugeruje dalsze kierunki badań nad procesem cyfryzacji przedsiębiorstw energetycznych. Chociaż sektor energetyczny jest nadal postrzegany jako powolny w adaptacji, badanie pokazuje, że zarządzanie infrastrukturą technologii cyfrowych pozytywnie wpływa na możliwości cyfrowe małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw z branży energetycznej.

14

Production Monitoring and Machine Tracking in Underground Mines Based on a Collision Avoidance System: A Case Study

Skoczylas Artur, Duda-Mróz Natalia, Koperska Wioletta, Stefaniak Paweł, Śliwiński Paweł

Computer Assisted Methods in Engineering and Science

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2025

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Vol. 32, no. 2

119--153

EN

In the era of Industry 4.0, one of the key challenges facing underground mines is the real-time tracking of both the production process and machinery movements. Significant emphasis is placed on comprehensive monitoring to achieve situational awareness to ensure informational continuity of operations in dispersed organizations. This knowledge is fundamental for safe and efficient extraction, current production reconciliation, and all operational and planning activities, particularly when considering specialized simulation environments for production optimization. So far, implementations of such solutions on an industrial scale have primarily been encountered in open-pit mines or smaller underground mines. This article presents a solution for machine monitoring and tracking based on data from a collision avoidance system, specifically designed for multi-site underground mining enterprises, where the scale of implementation is incomparably more challenging. This anti-collision system was originally designed for detecting machine-to-machine or machine-to-worker collisions. Consequently, the development of validation algorithms, including error correction and adaptive filtering, was imperative. This also required integration with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Moreover, it was also essential to enhance the system infrastructure with additional sensors to enable the registration of machine localization in specified mining zones (e.g., heavy machinery chamber, mining area, loading and unloading point). As part of this study, several analytical models (enhanced by machine learning techniques) were developed to identify movement patterns and cooperation among wheeled transport machinery, as well as the entire course of ore logistics within the mining area. Finally, the process of implementing the system in the target environment is presented, along with a description of the user interface, which features manager dashboards for production visualization.

15

Low-cost digital twin approach for industrial automation education in the context of industry 4.0

Bastos Hoton Henriques de Almeida, Pavani Gilberto João, Perin Matheus

Advances in Mechanical and Materials Engineering

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2025

|

Vol. 42, nr 1

113--120

EN

The teaching of automation and control technologies requires laboratories equipped with didactic benches, making the teaching-learning process costly and limited in terms of accessibility. Virtual benches offer an option for face-to-face teaching, democratizing access to education, including in remote locations such as rural areas. The SIMP virtual bench is a free software developed at the Industrial Technical College of Santa Maria (CTISM) in conjunction with the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), being a low-cost and fast-learning option. Through experimentation, it was found that students have a much higher success rate correctly assembling pneumatic circuits when using the software compared to using only the physical bench (76% vs. 24%). The virtual bench, in conjunction with the physical bench through the Digital Twin approach enhances the accessibility and effectiveness of education in pneumatics. This article explores the possibility of applying SIMP as a Digital Twin of a pneumatic didactic bench by replicating its behavior, becoming an appropriate option for the Brazilian educational reality, with the objective of improving teaching and learning in the area of industrial automation in line with the principles of Industry 4.0.

PL

Nauczanie technologii automatyzacji i sterowania wymaga laboratoriów wyposażonych w stanowiska dydaktyczne, co sprawia, że proces nauczania-uczenia się jest kosztowny i ograniczony pod względem dostępności. Wirtualne stanowiska oferują opcję nauczania twarzą w twarz, demokratyzując dostęp do edukacji, w tym w odległych lokalizacjach, takich jak obszary wiejskie. Wirtualne stanowisko SIMP to bezpłatne oprogramowanie opracowane w Industrial Technical College of Santa Maria (CTISM) we współpracy z Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Stwierdzono eksperymentalnie, że korzystając z oprogramowania, studenci wykazują znacznie wyższy wskaźnik sukcesu w prawidłowym montażu obwodów pneumatycznych, w porównaniu z korzystaniem tylko ze stanowiska fizycznego (76% w porównaniu do 24%). Stanowisko wirtualne, w połączeniu ze stanowiskiem fizycznym poprzez podejście cyfrowego bliźniaka, pozwala na zwiększenie dostępności i skuteczności edukacji w zakresie pneumatyki. W tym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań możliwości zastosowania SIMP jako cyfrowego bliźniaka pneumatycznego stanowiska dydaktycznego poprzez replikację jego zachowania, stając się odpowiednim podejściem dla brazylijskiej rzeczywistości edukacyjnej, w celu poprawy nauczania i uczenia się w obszarze automatyki przemysłowej zgodnie z zasadami Przemysłu 4.0.

16

Difficulties in digitalization of processes in manufacturing companies

Zasada Barbara, Wyrwicka Magdalena Krystyna

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2024

|

Nr 89

221--230

EN

The aim of this article is to present what difficulties occur on the path of a company's transformation towards Industry 4.01 and how the companies surveyed have dealt with them, as well as to show what results they have achieved in the area of digitalization and digitization. The article presents the process of digitalization and automation in Polish manufacturing companies. It identifies effective solutions and examines their impact on organizational performance. The research was carried out in two large manufacturing companies operating in Greater Poland. Each of these companies was at a different stage of digitization, and there were visible differences in the effects of implementation. The main problems were that the implemented systems were not used by managers and there was an apparent lack of a process approach in both organizations. There was a lack of awareness that digitalization was just a tool to achieve better manufacturing efficiency. Most importantly, in both companies the management recognized the mistakes made and realized how important digitalization is for the development of the company, and in both companies measured were taken to improve the digitalization process. ALFA hired an external company to help implement the changes with a strong commitment from the top management .BETA continued to develop the solutions already implemented and is looking for new ones to help improve the processes.

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie, jakie trudności pojawiają się na ścieżce transformacji przedsiębiorstwa w kierunku przemysłu 4.0 i jak sobie z nimi poradziły badane firmy, a także pokazanie, jakie rezultaty osiągnęły w obszarze cyfryzacji. W artykule zostanie przedstawiony proces cyfryzacji i automatyzacji w przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych w Polsce. Jakie rozwiązania są skuteczne i jak wpływają na funkcjonowanie organizacji? Badania przeprowadzono w dwóch dużych przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych z Wielkopolski. Każde z tych przedsiębiorstw znajduje się na innym etapie procesu cyfryzacji. Każde z nich ma też inne efekty cyfryzacji, ale wspólne są problemy, które przedsiębiorstwo spotyka na drodze transformacji do przemysłu 4.0. Problemy wynikały głównie z tego, że wdrożone systemy nie były wykorzystywane przez menedżerów oraz z faktu, że w obu organizacjach nie stosowano podejścia procesowego. Brakowało świadomości, że cyfryzacja to tylko narzędzie poprawy efektywności. Co jednak najważniejsze, w obu przedsiębiorstwach kierownictwo dostrzegło popełniane błędy i zdało sobie sprawę, jak ważna dla rozwoju firmy jest cyfryzacja. Dlatego w obu firmach podjęto działania mające na celu usprawnienie procesu cyfryzacji. Firma Alfa zatrudniła doradców do wsparcia wdrożenia zmian i wykazała duże zaangażowanie ze strony najwyższego kierownictwa, a firma Beta samodzielnie rozwija wdrożone rozwiązania i poszukuje nowych, które pomogą doskonalić procesy.

17

Analysis of the use in Polish industry of modern technology resources as tools for building smart structures

Siemieniak Maciej

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2024

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Nr 89

153--178

EN

This paper presents the enterprise as a cyber-physical system creating the new reality of the fourth industrial revolution. An explanation of the concept and essence of Industry 4.0 and a brief characterization of its key components are the starting point for a presentation of the cyber-physical system as an intelligent structure. A model of the cyber-physical system in the form of a platform consisting of hardware an d software is presented. The description of the structure of an intelligent system inspired the author's concept of the architecture of such a system. In the following part of the article, the importance of identification technology and communication between industrial objects is presented as an essential element of the modern digital industry. Artificial intelligence technology is important in the development of cyber-physical systems to solve the complex problems of modern industry. The research problem concerned the issue of the use of modern digital technologies in Polish enterprises as a basis for building intelligent structures. The subject of the research was selected issues related to digital technologies used in contemporary enterprises and their impact on the functioning of organizations. The aim of the study was to provide knowledge on the type and level of modern technology resources and business solutions used. The analysis of the results of the survey made it possi ble to determine the level of preparedness of enterprises for cyber-physical systems. Moreover, the findings indicated the varying degree of use of modern digital technologies by enterprises.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przedsiębiorstwo jako system cyberfizyczny kreujący nową rzeczywistość czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej. Wyjaśnienie koncepcji i istoty Przemysłu 4.0 oraz krótka charakterystyka jego najważniejszych komponentów były punktem wyjścia do prezentacji systemu cyberfizycznego jako inteligentnej struktury. Zaprezentowany został model systemu cyberfizycznego w postaci platformy składającej się ze sprzętu i oprogramowania. Opis struktury inteligentnego systemu opartego na trzech warstwach – fizycznej, cybernetycznej i komunikacyjnej – stał się inspiracją do stworzenia autorskiej koncepcji architektury takiego systemu. W dalszej części artykułu zarysowano znaczenie technologii identyfikacji i komunikacji między obiektami przemysłowymi jako znaczący element nowoczesnego przemysłu cyfrowego. Istotne znaczenie w rozwoju systemów cyberfizycznych ma technologia sztucznej inteligencji, która umożliwia między innymi przeprowadzenie procesów uczenia maszynowego, a dzięki temu rozwiązywanie złożonych problemów nowoczesnego przemysłu. Problem badawczy prezentowany w niniejszym artykule dotyczy zagadnienia wykorzystania nowoczesnych technologii cyfrowych w polskich przedsiębiorstwach stanowiących podstawę do budowania inteligentnych struktur. Przedmiotem badań są wybrane zagadnienia związane z technologią cyfrową stosowaną w nowoczesnych przedsiębiorstwach i z systemami informacyjno-komunikacyjnymi oraz ich wpływem na funkcjonowanie organizacji. Celem badań jest dostarczenie wiedzy o rodzaju i poziomie wykorzystywanych zasobów nowoczesnych technologii i rozwiązań biznesowych. Analiza rezultatów badań pozwoliła określić stopień przygotowania przedsiębiorstw do tworzenia systemów cyberfizycznych. Wyniki ankietowe wskazują na zróżnicowany stopień wykorzystania nowoczesnych technologii cyfrowych przez przedsiębiorstwa. Chociaż istnieje pewne zaangażowanie w ich wykorzystanie, wciąż jest wiele firm, które nie stosują w pełni potencjału tych technologii.

18

The usage of Taguchi methods in Industry 4.0 conditions

Wolniak Radosław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 198

637--654

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this publication is to present the usage of Taguchi methods approach in Industry 4.0 conditions. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: The integration of Taguchi methods with Industry 4.0 signifies a profound advancement in manufacturing and quality management. Industry 4.0, with its advanced digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and cyber-physical systems, creates an environment that significantly enhances Taguchi’s principles. This integration facilitates a more dynamic approach to process optimization, leveraging real-time data and sophisticated analytics to achieve superior quality and efficiency. Real-time data collection and advanced analytics enable precise application of Taguchi’s experimental designs, enhancing responsiveness to process variations and improving product quality. Digital twins and automated process control systems further support robust design by allowing virtual testing and continuous adjustments. However, challenges such as data integration complexity, high implementation costs, and the integration of legacy systems must be addressed through strategic planning and investment. Overcoming these challenges can lead to substantial benefits, including improved data utilization, enhanced process optimization, and greater flexibility, driving significant advancements in manufacturing capabilities and operational excellence. Originality/Value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to the problems connected with the usage of Taguchi methods in Industry 4.0 conditions.

19

The usage of Poka-Yoka in industry 4.0 conditions

Wolniak Radosław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 191

613--628

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this publication is to present the usage of Poka-Yoka approach in Industry 4.0 conditions. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: The integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0 signifies a transformative leap in error prevention methodologies, aligning seamlessly with the objectives of advanced manufacturing. By merging the principles of Poka-Yoke with smart technologies like sensors, IoT devices, and real-time data analytics, a dynamic and sophisticated approach to error prevention emerges in the era of Industry 4.0. With applications ranging from simple visual cues to complex technological solutions, Poka-Yoke finds resonance across various industries, particularly in the automotive sector, where sensors and devices on assembly lines swiftly detect and rectify deviations, elevating both product quality and operational efficiency. The incorporation of artificial intelligence and machine learning in Industry 4.0 augments Poka-Yoke, enabling systems not only to identify errors but also to learn from them, fostering continuous improvement and adaptability in response to evolving production scenarios. Emphasizing proactive error prevention at the source, continuous improvement, and a commitment to training and education, the key principles outlined in Table 1 contribute to creating resilient, reliable processes delivering consistently high-quality outputs. Table 2 demonstrates the seamless integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0, showcasing technological advancements that collectively form an adaptive approach to error prevention and quality management. Additionally, Table 3 highlights the advantages of this integration, emphasizing improved quality control, operational efficiency, and adaptability in modern manufacturing environments. However, challenges outlined in Table 4, including complex implementation, data security concerns, high initial costs, interoperability issues, and skill gaps, necessitate strategic planning and investment in overcoming obstacles. In conclusion, the integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0 signifies a strategic evolution, where technology-driven error prevention, continuous improvement, and a commitment to quality converge to create resilient, adaptive, and highly efficient manufacturing systems, positioning this integration as a cornerstone for excellence in the evolving landscape of industrial production. Originality/value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to the problems connected with the usage of Poka-Yoka in Industry 4.0 conditions.

20

Technical only? The importance of selected competences of managers and engineers in Industry 4.0

Motała Daria, Chochołowska Natalia, Zarówna Weronika

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 200

293--306

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine which engineering and managerial competences are of high importance in enterprises operating in accordance with the assumptions of Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: The MAXQDA tool was used to analyze the acquired information, generating structured data clouds. Findings: As a result, soft skills turned out to be the most important competences, mainly related to effective interpersonal communication, systematic learning and adaptation to change, also in the technological area. Research limitations/implications: Quantitative research on a larger sample would be needed to examine the links between specific factors on a set of competences and adaptability to changes in workers. If respondents were to be informed about the areas most affected by the impact of Industry 4.0, more extensive and detailed qualitative research would have to be carried out focusing on this issue. Practical implications: The information obtained in the results of the research allows to emphasize the importance of soft skills in the catalog of those that are significant in Industry 4.0 enterprises. Thanks to this, the selection of training for employees can be more adapted to the actual needs of the company. Originality/value: The analysis of literature sources allowed to see that the previous research focused on presenting the competences of engineers and managers in relation to individual areas of industry. The research results included in the publication are a list of the most important competences of these in enterprises 4.0. This allows you to understand the key elements influencing the development of the professional path of engineers and managers during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Keywords: