Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Implementation of the "opening to the east" economic strategy by Hungary

Motowidlak Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2025

|

z. 228

371--391

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify the motives and the degree of implementation of the "opening to the East" economic strategy by Hungary and its impact on the dynamics of the country's economy. Design/metodology approach: The research methods and techniques included: elementary analysis, desk research, observational method, cause and-effect analysis, experimental method and selected qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Findings: Studying the effects of Hungary's economic strategy of "opening to the East" allows us to conclude that, although only part of its potential is used, it contributes to improving the competitive position of the country's economy. Research limitations/implications: Future research should focus on confirming the obtained results taking into account other economic relationships, other macroeconomic indicators. A valuable direction of future research may be conducting bilateral comparative analyses between the growth dynamics of the Hungarian economy and the economies of several selected countries with comparable dynamics. Practical implications: The obtained results are important for international political economy and geoeconomics. The article covers the main economic reasons for Hungary to tighten its economic cooperation with the East (especially with Russia) and to reduce the economic dependence on the West. Social implications: The results of the conducted research will influence the perception of Hungary as a country with great ambitions to play a much greater role in international politics than before, which results from historical and psychological reasons, and the main instrument for realizing these ambitions is the economy. Originality/value: The article contains the results of original theoretical and empirical research that explains the vision of Hungary's economic development, which is different from that of most other EU Member States, and the results of its implementation.

2

Financial inclusion and territorial cohesion: contributions of Polish credit cooperatives

Jorge-Vazquez Javier, Sastre-Hernandez Beatríz María, Nañez Alonso Sergio Luis, Kolegowicz Konrad, Ziębicki Bernard, Prusinowski Michał

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2025

|

z. 229

235--251

EN

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the role of credit unions (SKOKs – Spółdzielcze Kasy Oszczędnościowo-Kredytowe) in promoting financial inclusion and their impact on regional economic development in Poland. Particular emphasis is placed on assessing the spatial distribution of these institutions and identifying their contribution to improving access to financial services in areas at risk of financial exclusion. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts a quantitative approach, combining spatial analysis techniques with econometric modeling using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. The analysis covers data on the number of SKOK branches in Poland from 2010 to 2020, along with selected socio-economic variables (income levels, employment, entrepreneurship, population density) at the voivodeship (regional) level. The objective is to identify the relationships between the presence of SKOKs and indicators of local development and financial inclusion. Findings: The findings confirm a significant positive impact of credit unions on financial inclusion and regional economic development thus directly supporting SDG 1.4 (access to basic services) and SDG 8.10 (strengthen capacity of domestic financial institutions). SKOKs are more frequently present in regions with lower GDP per capita, higher unemployment, and lower business density, indicating their role in compensating for the lack of commercial financial institutions. Correlation and regression analyses reveal negative relationships between SKOK density and levels of economic development, which supports the hypothesis that credit unions perform a supportive function in economically disadvantaged areas. Research limitations/implications: One limitation of the study is its macro-regional character, as the analysis was conducted at the voivodeship level, which may not capture micro-regional or local effects. Additionally, the regression model is based on cross-sectional data, which limits the ability to draw causal inferences. Future research should consider panel data analysis and extend the spatial scope to include counties or municipalities.Practical implications: The study provides practical insights for public policy in combating financial exclusion. The results support the need to strengthen the role of SKOKs in regional development policies and to support their presence in areas at risk of financial marginalization. From the perspective of policymakers and financial market regulators, the findings justify the promotion of the cooperative model as an effective tool for supporting local development. Social implications: The research highlights the potential positive role of SKOKs in reducing territorial disparities and fostering socio-economic integration of residents in less developed regions. By providing access to basic financial services, these institutions can stimulate economic activity, improve quality of life, and strengthen social cohesion. More broadly, the presence of SKOKs contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in terms of poverty reduction and the promotion of inclusive economic growth. Specifically, SKOK's greater presence in impoverished rural areas facilitates the achievement of goal 1.4 (universal access to basic financial services). Similarly, the density of SKOK branches per 100,000 inhabitants acts as a proxy for institutional capacity to promote inclusive growth. Originality/value: This study adds new value to the literature by offering the first nationwide analysis of the impact of SKOKs on regional development and financial inclusion in Poland, using spatial and econometric methods. Previous studies have typically focused on selected regions or qualitative aspects; this study identifies systemic relationships and provides empirical evidence valuable for academics, policymakers, and economic practitioners.

3

Economic development of regions in Poland in the face of the risk of changes in the macroeconomic environment

Jarosiński Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2025

|

z. 219

261--279

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyse and assess the current conditions and opportunities for economic development in the face of changes in the level of risk of secondary impact of crisis phenomena on regional development in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The work included theoretical and empirical research on the conditions and possibilities of regional development in the face of economic changes and increased risk of negative effects of post-crisis phenomena. The research used statistical methods of aggregating data within time series and presenting results, including descriptive statistics methods. Findings: Research results indicate that negative trends in the economy, particularly in production and consumption, have been consolidated in 2022-2024. This has had an impact on economic activity, which has been limited, but also on the prospects for further development in the regions. The general risk of doing business in Poland has increased. Research limitations/implications: Dynamic socio-economic changes meant that the scope of research had to be limited to selected categories and factors. In some areas, there were difficulties with access to current data sources. Practical implications: The directions of economic changes have revealed the occurrence of development difficulties in the regions and limited possibilities of returning to the path of sustainable development in a short time. The scope of negative effects resulting from the impact of crisis factors has been expanded. Social implications: Economic changes were associated with specific social consequences. This applies in particular to the labor market and mass layoffs, but also to the public finance sector. Given the growing budget deficit, difficulties arose in the financing of social tasks. Originality/value: The article addresses the research problem related to the prolongation of negative crisis phenomena. This poses a threat to development in the medium term. The research results revealed a slowdown in economic activity and an increase in the risk of conducting business activity, which may have long-term effects.

4

Study of the pattern of oil and gas deposits and forecasting favorable targets on the southeastern side of the Caspian basin

Zhang Shun, Li Yonggui, Liu Zhengliang, Qin Guojin, Li Kaiyuan

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

|

2025

|

Vol. 41, iss. 1

107--122

EN

The study’s relevance lies in the region’s strategic importance for energy security and economic development and the need to devise optimal strategies for hydrocarbon reserves production and management in the face of global market changes and environmental challenges. This study aimed to investigate the geological and geochemical characteristics that influence oil and gas formation and accumulation on the southeastern side of the Pre-Caspian Basin. The research used analytical, classification, statistical, structural-functional, functional, deductive, and synthesis methods. As part of the study of the southeastern flank of the Pre-Caspian Basin, a comprehensive analysis of geological and geophysical data, including detailed seismic interpretation and geochemical analysis of rocks and fluids, was carried out. This multivariate analysis revealed the essential structural features of the region and identified prospective traps for oil and gas. The findings of this study emphasize the strategic importance of the region as a potential source of energy resources while highlighting the importance of attention to environmental and social aspects in the development of these resources. This study represents a significant contribution to the oil and gas industry and helps guide the region’s strategic development with sustainability and resource efficiency in mind. The practical significance of this study is to provide a basis for more efficient exploitation and management of oil and gas resources on the southeastern side of the Caspian Basin, contributing to the region’s economic development and energy security.

PL

Trafność opracowania wynika ze strategicznego znaczenia regionu dla bezpieczeństwa energetycznego i rozwoju gospodarczego oraz konieczności opracowania optymalnych strategii wydobycia i zarządzania złożami węglowodorów w obliczu zmian na rynku światowym i wyzwań środowiskowych. Celem tej analizy było zbadanie cech geologicznych i geochemicznych wpływających na powstawanie i akumulację ropy i gazu w południowo-wschodniej części Basenu Przedkaspijskiego. W badaniach wykorzystano metody analityczne, klasyfikacyjne, statystyczne, strukturalno-funkcjonalne, funkcjonalne, dedukcyjne i syntetyczne. W ramach badań południowo-wschodniej flanki Basenu Przedkaspijskiego przeprowadzono kompleksową analizę danych geologicznych i geofizycznych, obejmującą szczegółową interpretację sejsmiczną oraz analizę geochemiczną skał i płynów. Ta wielowymiarowa analiza ujawniła podstawowe cechy strukturalne regionu i zidentyfikowała potencjalne pułapki dla ropy i gazu. Wyniki tego badania podkreślają strategiczne znaczenie regionu jako potencjalnego źródła zasobów energii, podkreślając jednocześnie znaczenie dbałości o aspekty środowiskowe i społeczne w rozwoju tych zasobów. Badanie to stanowi znaczący wkład w przemysł naftowy i gazowy i pomaga kierować strategicznym rozwojem regionu z myślą o zrównoważonym rozwoju i efektywnym wykorzystaniu zasobów. Praktyczne znaczenie niniejszego opracowania polega na stworzeniu podstaw dla bardziej efektywnej eksploatacji i zarządzania zasobami ropy i gazu po południowo-wschodniej stronie Basenu Morza Kaspijskiego, przyczyniając się do rozwoju gospodarczego regionu i bezpieczeństwa energetycznego.

5

Rynek energii, ekonomia i prognozowanie gospodarki

Lach Łukasz, Kopeć Sławomir, Pluta Marcin, Raczyński Maciej, Suwała Wojciech, Wyrwa Artur, Zyśk Janusz

Energetyka Rozproszona

|

2025

|

nr 13-14

163--175

PL

Fundamentalnym elementem trwającej w Polsce transformacji energetycznejsą procesy ekonomiczne, obejmujące zarówno kwestie finansowania i optymalizacji kosztów systemowych, jak i maksymalizacji pozytywnych efektów zewnętrznych. W artykule przedstawiono doświadczenia naukowo-badawcze autorów w zakresie wspomnianej problematyki. Omówiono projekt Obserwatorium Transformacji Energetycznej finansowany w ramach konkursu strategicznego programu badań naukowych i prac rozwojowych „Społeczny i gospodarczy rozwój Polski w warunkach globalizujących się rynków" GOSPOSTRATEG przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju. Przedstawiono także wieloletnie doświadczenie Zespołu Modelowania Systemów Energetycznych AGH (ESMLab AGH) w konstruowaniu wielowymiarowych modeli paliwowo-energetycznych. Zaprezentowane wyniki dowodzą unikalnego potencjału AGH w obszarze monitorowania i programowania ekonomiczno-technologicznych aspektów TE w Polsce, który pozwala w większym stopniu stosować zasadę evidence-based policymaking do kreowania polityki klimatyczneji gospodarczej w wymiarze krajowym, regionalnym i lokalnym.

EN

A fundamental element of the ongoing energy transformation (ET) in Poland is the economic dimension of this process, encompassing aspects related to the optmizaton of system costs, financing and maximization of positve externalites.The article presents the authors' experience in the scope of the aforementoned issues resultng from their partcipaton in the implementaton of scientfic and research works, including: (1) works conducted in the project "Energy Transformaton Observatory" financed as part of the competton for the strategic program of scientfic research and development works "Social and economic development of Poland in the conditons of globalizing markets" GOSPOSTRATEG by the Natonal Center for Research and Development and (2) many years of experience resultng from the constructon of multdimensional fuel and energy models by the Energy Systems Modeling Team of AGH. The presented results illustrate the unique potental of AGH in the area of monitoring and programming the economic and technological aspects of ET in Poland, which allows for a greater applicaton of the evidence-based policymaking principle to create natonal climate and economic policy.

6

Tysiąclecie zmian klimatu – od naturalnych cykli po wpływ przemysłu

Szczęśniak Sylwia, Stefaniak Łukasz, Grabka Agnieszka, Wochniak Maja, Żyta Weronika

Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja

|

2025

|

T. 56, nr 4

30--37

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę zmian klimatu, jakie zachodziły w ciągu ostatniego tysiąclecia. Uwzględniono zarówno czynniki naturalne, jak i antropogeniczne (bezpośrednio związane z działalnością człowieka) wpływające na zmienność globalnej temperatury. Podkreślono kluczowe okresy klimatyczne, takie jak Średniowieczny Okres Ciepły i Mała Epoka Lodowcowa, wskazując ich lokalne i globalne skutki dla ekosystemów oraz rozwoju cywilizacji. W artykule wskazano na ile rewolucja przemysłowa zapoczątkowała gwałtowny wzrost emisji gazów cieplarnianych (CO2, CH4, N2O), który wynika z rozwoju przemysłu ściśle zależnego od spalania paliw kopalnych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono roli gazów cieplarnianych (GHG) oraz pyłów zawieszonych (PM) w procesach klimatycznych. Wskazano jak gazy cieplarniane wpływają na długoterminowe zmiany klimatu, podczas gdy pyły zawieszone mogą wywoływać krótkoterminowe zmiany w bilansie energetycznym atmosfery oraz jakości powietrza. Autorzy spróbowali poddać analizie interakcje między czynnikami wpływającymi na zmiany, ukazując ich wpływ na klimat lokalny i globalny. Wskazano również na rolę sektora LULUCF (Użytkowanie Gruntów, Zmiana Użytkowania Gruntów i Leśnictwo) w możliwości obniżania emisji dwutlenku węgla, wskazując jego znaczenie w ograniczaniu emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Autorzy przedstawiają także wpływ erupcji wulkanicznych, które powodują tymczasowe ochłodzenie klimatu w wyniku emisji aerozoli do atmosfery. Wyjaśniono potrzebę podjęcia działań adaptacyjnych i łagodzących, takich jak redukcja emisji, zrównoważone zarządzanie gruntami oraz podnoszenie świadomości społecznej. Artykuł konkluduje, że skuteczna walka ze zmianami klimatu wymaga zintegrowanych strategii obejmujących rozwiązania technologiczne i ekologiczne ale także, i przede wszystkim społeczne.

EN

This article presents an analysis of climate change over the last millennium. It considers both natural and anthropogenic factors (directly related to human activities) that have influenced global temperature variability. Key climatic periods, including the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age, are highlighted with regard to their local and global effects on ecosystems and the development of civilisation. The article indicates that the Industrial Revolution initiated a sharp increase in greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) resulting from the development of industries closely dependent on the burning of fossil fuels. The role of greenhouse gases (GHG) and particulate matter (PM) in climate processes is also examined. The study demonstrated that greenhouse gases influence long-term climate change, while particulate matter can result in short-term fluctuations in the energy balance of the atmosphere and air quality. The authors have attempted to analyse the interactions between the drivers of change, showing their impact on local and global climate. The text continues to highlight the potential of the LULUCF (Land Use Land Use Change and Forestry) sector to reduce carbon emissions, underscoring its significance in curbing greenhouse gas emissions. The authors also present the impact of volcanic eruptions, which cause temporary cooling of the climate as a result of aerosol emissions into the atmosphere. The necessity for adaptation and mitigation measures, including emission reductions, sustainable land management, and public awareness, is elucidated. The article concludes that effectively combating climate change requires integrated strategies involving technological and environmental solutions, as well as, and above all, social solutions.

7

Unconditional basic income as a source of social growth - selected issues

Jankiewicz Sławomir

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 200

145--157

EN

Purpose: The aim of this article is to analyze the proposal of unconditional basic income (UBI) in the context of social inequalities and to elucidate the fundamental aspects of this concept. The analysis of the UBI concept is conducted without reference to the sources of financing for this solution. Design/methodology/approach: The primary research methods employed are a literature review and the observation of reality. Findings: The implementation of unconditional basic income, as envisioned by Klaus Schwab, is projected to lead to a significant increase in social inequality. Research limitations/implications: To avert the potential negative outcomes, it is essential to initiate a robust discourse and develop a comprehensive system with detailed solutions. It is recommended to engage not only economists, lawyers, and policymakers but also entrepreneurs and trade unions, ensuring that the resulting concept is as optimal as possible. Practical implications: (if applicable) What outcomes and implications for practice, applications and consequences are identified? How will the research impact upon the business or enterprise? What changes to practice should be made as a result of this research? What is the commercial or economic impact? Not all papers will have practical implications. Social implications: (if applicable) What will be the impact on society of this research? How will it influence public attitudes? How will it influence (corporate) social responsibility or environmental issues? How could it inform public or industry policy? How might it affect quality of life? Not all papers will have social implications. Originality/value: This article contributes to the academic discourse by evaluating the concept of unconditional basic income in relation to social inequality.

8

The impact of regional variation in economic conditions on consumer attitudes and behavior during the crisis

Murawska Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 193

223--248

EN

Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to assess the impact of regional variations in economic conditions on consumer attitudes and behavior during the crisis. The study was carried out using the example of Polish voivodeships. Design/methodology/approach: In order to implement the study goal formulated, an analysis of the indicators characterizing the economic and income situation of Polish voivodeships was conducted. The assessment of the crisis-related consumer attitudes and behaviors, including the regional variation thereof, was carried out based on a CATI survey of a randomly selected group of 1000 respondents in Poland, relative to 2023. The differentiation and disparity across voivodeships, with respect to the phenomena surveyed, was subjected to calculation. The surveyed objects were clustered using the Ward's method, to verify the impact of the economic differentiation and indicator levels on consumer attitudes and behavior during the crisis. Findings: Poland remains significantly regionally differentiated in terms of the economic level of voivodeships as well as household and consumer incomes. The crisis is clearly of no subsidy in reducing these disparities. Particularly substantial disparities are found between the poorest voivodships of eastern Poland and the richer ones of western Poland. The economic and income standing of the voivodeships is reflected in consumer attitudes and behavior. Concerns associated with the deterioration of the material position and income, often accompanied by reduced sense of security and stability of employment, are considerably more often expressed by residents of voivodeships characterized by inferior economic indicators and lower income. Research limitations/implications: The Implication behind the survey entailed the examination of whether the crisis has caused changes in the attitudes and behavior of Polish consumers, as well as whether their concerns and constraints have been influenced by the economic and income condition of the regions. Practical implications: The conclusions drawn in the study can serve as a useful tool for public and utility entity managers, enabling more effective application of remedial and intervention measures, relative to the residents of regions characterized by unfavorable economic conditions and crisis-related negative sentiment. Social implications: The article provides useful insights on the economic and income indicators, as well as the on impact of existing regional differences on consumer attitudes and behavior amid the crisis, which the voivodship managers as well as the central authorities in Poland should familiarize themselves with. Originality/value: The added value of the article lies in the evaluation of recent secondary and primary source data on the differences in the economic condition of the voivodeships in Poland, including the impact of these differences on consumer attitudes and behavior, relative to their work, financial situation and sense of security during the crisis.

9

The carbon dioxide emissions’ world footprint: diagnosis of perspectives

Yakymchuk Alina

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 195

665--683

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to elucidate the multifaceted nature of the carbon dioxide emissions dilemma and underscore the urgent need for concerted action to mitigate their adverse effects. Design/methodology/approach: This paper elucidates the methodology of footprint research, outlining its key components, approaches and principles. It encompasses a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on various methodologies and tools to explore alternative futures and identify strategic opportunities. Combining multiple methods has provided a more complete and detailed understanding of complex interactions. Findings: This study aims to analyse the main indicators of the impact of the ecological footprint on the state of the environment, to determine their dynamics over time, to assess the prospects of the negative impact of humanity on nature. Emissions of greenhouse gases are of particular importance in this analysis. Research limitations/implications: Ultimately, the goal is to inspire action and advocacy for policies and practices that prioritize environmental stewardship, social equity and resilience in the face of climate change. The implications of this study uderscore the importance of stakeholder engagement and adaptive management for effective integration. Originality/value: The footprint of carbon dioxide emissions encompasses a broad spectrum of impacts, spanning environmental, economic, and social dimensions. At its core, the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, largely attributed to human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels and widespread deforestation, triggers a cascade of consequences with far reaching implications. These results could be especially interesting for researchers whose studies are interdisciplinary.

10

Religiosity, family and human capital development in the perspective of young Poles’ research

Gizicka Dorota, Michalski Michał A., Szwarc Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 199

161--173

EN

Purpose: The article addresses the impact of religiosity on family formation and, in the longer run, on human capital accumulation. It proposes to see religiosity as indirect but important factor in the perspective of economic development. Design/methodology/approach: Most often human capital is associated with education and health care. It is less frequently attributed to the influence of the family. The paper juxtaposes literature showing how religiosity influences family and how functioning of the family impacts human capital development with presentation of original empirical data on family attitudes and plans of young generation of Poles. Findings: (1) The article presents the results of research indicating, that (1) family is important for the creation of human capital, (2) religiosity is beneficial to the stability of the family condition. (2) On the basis of empirical survey, the article offers evidence that religiosity is a key feature differentiating young people's attitudes towards marriage, family and parenthood. Research limitations/implications: It is recommended to develop further research oriented towards examining the relationship between religiosity, family and human capital outcomes. Practical implications: On the basis of analysis presented in the article it is important - in the perspective of demographic decline and its economic consequences – to study how changes in culture (incl. religiosity) – influence family and human capital development. This is useful for designing social and demographic policies. Social implications: The article broadens knowledge of the role of religiosity for human capital development, enriching the area of research on the impact of religion and family on economy. The findings improve public opinion’ understanding of the role of religious practices and institutions in strengthening the social fabric and economic performance. Originality/value: The paper offers new proposal to link research on the role of religiosity for the condition of the family to the analysis of the influence of family on human capital.

11

Economic development of The Visegrad Group countries in the context of the analysis of selected macroeconomic factors

Bednarzewska Kinga, Zinczuk Bartłomiej

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 197

41--53

EN

Purpose: The research aim of this article was to identify selected variables that affect the general level of economic development of the Visegrad Group countries. Design/methodology/approach: In the article were used qualitative and quantitative research methods. A review of Polish and foreign literature on the subject was carried out, and a desk research method was used based on public statistical data (Eurostat, OECD, The World Bank) covering the period 2017-2022. Statistical analysis was performed using stepwise linear regression (Stepwise method) to indicate the dependencies between variables. Findings: The article presents selected groups of factors that influence the level of economic development of the Visegrad Group countries. Analyzing the dependencies between selected groups of factors allowed for a better understanding of the dependencies between the variables. Originality/value: The article verified the impact of selected factors determining the economic development of the Visegrad Group countries using linear regression analysis. The literature review enabled the authors to diagnose the research gap in terms of the indicated determinants of the economic development of the Group V4 countries.

12

Assessment of the role of social capital in stimulating economic development depending on the country's income level

Majewska Maria, Nieżurawska Joanna, Duarte Nelson

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 193

35--62

EN

Purpose: Assessing the impact of eleven components of social capital (SC) on economic development depending on the country's income level. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered 96 countries. They were divided in three groups composed of 32 economies, i.e., low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. The impact of eleven elements of SC was examined in the period 2008-2020. The economic development measures were GDP pc and GNI pc. The research methods were the Spearman's rank correlation and cluster analysis. Findings: Social capital in high-income countries is a more important factor in increasing economic development compared to low-income and middle-income countries. In three income groups, the same four components of SC are statistically significant and positive: government effectiveness as defined by the World Bank, reliance on professional management, state of cluster development and willingness to delegate authority. These dimensions of social capital can be called strategic success factors on the road to prosperity. Research limitations/implications: The main limitations are the availability of data on larger groups of countries over a sufficient long time and obtainig free access to more detailed social capital indicators. In the future, the authors intend to focus on the links between various components of SC occurring at different stages of economic development. This knowledge should help to formulate more precise guidelines for planning policies of improving SC in private and public sectors. Social implications: The research results indicate that such dimension of SC as honesty, egalitarianism, equality of treatment, and democratic decision making should be adopted as patterns of behaviour in both private and public sectors and in cooperation between them. Without this, social development, which includes economic development, cannot be accelerated. This happens because it is reflected in improving the effectiveness of organisational arrangements applied at the national level and in companies. Originality/value: There is still a need for more comprehensive research on the impact of social capital on economic development. In response to this need, this study examined eleven components of SC. The hope is that this research approach will result in a more holistic view of how social capital can influence economic development.

13

Assessing the Effects of COVID-19 on China's Economy and Foreign Trade Enterprises through a Sustainable Development Perspective

Lin Zimin, Ye Zi, Hou Xiaohua, Liu Fangbiao, Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye, Chen Chao

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2024

|

Vol. 19, no. 2

14--22

EN

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant effect on China's economy and mainly on foreign trade enterprises. This virus has affected the social economy and business performance, becoming a primary test of governance aptitude and the national governance system. As a result, a neural network can be used to study and analyze the economic and social development during the COVID-19 epidemic. Good nonlinear forecasting can be achieved using neural network techniques since they overcome the limitations of traditional forecasting methods. Economic forecasts usually have great uncertainty and are affected by factors with complex relationships. However, using the B.P. network on economic forecasts can have a good forecasting effect. Economic analysis in the context of the new crown epidemic will provide more reference to future complex emergencies. However, countermeasures have been established based on financial institutions, governments, and enterprises. These measures are formulated to cope with the challenges faced by foreign trade enterprises based on the scrutiny of international public emergencies. They include exploration of international cooperation, advancing the new open economy system, speeding up transformation and upgrading, and perfecting the public safety emergency system. Other measures include cooperatively promoting high-quality development of foreign trade enterprises, enabling internal capacities to improve management capabilities, and establishing an external environment based on environmental perfection of the rule of law and policy. However, countermeasures have been established based on financial institutions, governments, and enterprises. These measures are formulated to cope with the challenges faced by foreign trade enterprises based on the scrutiny of international public emergencies. They include exploration of international cooperation, advancing the new open economy system, speeding up transformation and upgrading, and perfecting the public safety emergency system. Other measures include cooperatively promoting high-quality development of foreign trade enterprises, enabling internal capacities to improve management capabilities, and establishing an external environment based on environmental perfection of the rule of law and policy

PL

Epidemia COVID-19 wywarła znaczący wpływ na gospodarkę Chin, a przede wszystkim na przedsiębiorstwa handlu zagranicznego. Wirus wpłynął na gospodarkę społeczną i wyniki przedsiębiorstw, stając się głównym testem umiejętności rządzenia i krajowego systemu zarządzania. Do badania i analizy rozwoju gospodarczego i społecznego w czasie epidemii COVID-19 mogą zostać wykorzystane sieci neuronowe. Dobre prognozowanie nieliniowe można osiągnąć przy użyciu technik sieci neuronowych, ponieważ przezwyciężają one ograniczenia tradycyjnych metod prognozowania. Prognozy gospodarcze zwykle charakteryzują się dużą niepewnością i wpływają na nie czynniki o złożonych relacjach. Korzystając z sieci B.P. dotyczącej prognoz gospodarczych można osiągnąć dobry efekt prognostyczny. Analiza ekonomiczna w kontekście nowej epidemii zapewni więcej odniesień do przyszłych złożonych sytuacji kryzysowych.Środki zaradcze zostały opracowane w oparciu o instytucje finansowe, rządy i przedsiębiorstwa. Środki te zostały wdrożone, aby sprostać wyzwaniom stojącym przed przedsiębiorstwami handlu zagranicznego w oparciu o analizę międzynarodowych sytuacji kryzysowych. Obejmują one eksplorację współpracy międzynarodowej, rozwój nowego systemu gospodarki otwartej, przyspieszenie transformacji i modernizacji oraz doskonalenie systemu wspierania bezpieczeństwa publicznego. Inne środki obejmują wspólne promowanie wysokiej jakości rozwoju przedsiębiorstw handlu zagranicznego, wspieranie wewnętrznych zdolności poprawy zarządzania oraz stworzenie środowiska zewnętrznego opartego na praworządności w zakresie przepisów prawa i reguł polityki

14

Clustering analysis of energy consumption data in EU regions and other countries of the war ld

Alugo Idris, Wojdan Konrad

Journal of Power Technologies

|

2024

|

Vol. 104, nr 3

209--226

EN

This study aims to analyze energy consumption patterns across selected nations from Africa, America, Asia/Middle East, and Europe, with a focus on the types of energy sources used. Covering 46 countries, the research spans the years 2000 to 2018 and examines the distribution and changes in energy consumption by source and type. The regions studied include diverse countries such as Austria, Sweden, Czechia, and Croatia in Europe; Algeria, Egypt, and South Africa in Africa; China, India, and Saudi Arabia in Asia/Middle East; and Brazil, Canada, and the United States in the Americas, with Australia and New Zealand representing Oceania. Utilizing data from the BP Statistical Review of World Energy and the SHIFT Data Portal, along with key indicators maintained by Our World in Data, the study employs methods such as descriptive statistics, cluster analysis using k-means, and time-series clustering with dynamic time warping (DTW). The analysis highlights regional similarities and variances in energy use, providing new insights into the complex relationship between energy consumption patterns and factors such as economic growth, national policies, and geopolitical contexts. This research addresses a significant gap in the existing literature by offering a detailed comparative analysis of how different nations manage and consume energy. It contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable energy policies and economic development in the face of global energy challenges.

15

Assessment of the effects of modernization of municipal wastewater treatment plants in Rawicz and Kościan

Makowska Małgorzata, Kujawiak Sebastian, Maćkowiak Maciej, Lechniak Bartosz, Borkowski Dawid

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 50, nr 2

27--40

EN

The increase in the standard of living and economic development of cities and smaller settlement units implies the extension and modernization of infrastructure, including wastewater collection and treatment systems, which is closely related to the protection of surface water and groundwater. This study analyzes the effects of the modernization of two wastewater treatment plants carried out between 2019 and 2020. These are the municipal wastewater treatment plants for Rawicz and Kościan in the Wielkopolska region. The analysis of contamination indicators and wastewater treatment efficiency showed that in both plants, the modernization and extension of wastewater treatment and sludge treatment technologies resulted in improved treated wastewater parameters and better sludge preparation for use. The high efficiency of contaminant removal (mostly above 94%) improves the standard of living, intensifies care for the environment, and increases the attractiveness of the agglomerations served by the analyzed plants. The obtained results were confirmed by statistical tests.

16

Wpływ rozbudowy infrastruktury magazynów energii na rozwój gospodarczy – prognoza do 2040 r. : Raport Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej i Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Magazynowania Energii

Kopeć Sławomir, Lach Łukasz, Adamska Barbara, Wrocławski Mieczysław, Szczeciński Piotr

Elektro Info

|

2024

|

nr 12

70--77

PL

Celem opracowania jest określenie możliwego wpływu rozbudowy infrastruktury bateryjnych magazynów energii na rozwój gospodarczy Polski do 2040 r. dla różnych scenariuszy rozwoju.

17

How to achieve sustainable operation of transport infrastructure development: a case study of 30 transport infrastructure projects in China

Chen Jie, Ma Chongsen

Archives of Civil Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 70, nr 4

521--534

EN

Transport infrastructure projects are distinguished by their high levels of investment, lengthy construction periods, and reliance on government subsidies during operation. These factors have far-reaching impacts, not only on the sustainable operation and success of the projects themselves, but also on the orderly functioning of society and the sustainable development of the economy. As such, it is of paramount importance to thoroughly investigate the sustainable operation of transport infrastructure. This paper examines the impact of sustainable operation on transport infrastructure by analysing 30 projects in China’s transport infrastructure sector. The study employs the qualitative comparative analysis method. To achieve the aim of this paper, we identified five dimensions for assessing a project’s sustainability. These include the economic environment of the construction site, operational market demand, government support capacity, and enterprise management level. This analysis offers valuable guidance for future engineering projects. Finally, the study identified seven strategies for achieving sustainable operation of the project. The findings revealed that the economic development status, population size, and government subsidies of the construction site do not effectively promote sustainable operation of the project. Rather, they can hinder enterprises’ market competitiveness. The study’s results can assist decision-makers in determining the feasibility of implementing sustainable management practices in the new project. Examine the factors that influence the achievement of sustainable business while enhancing the operational efficiency of ongoing initiatives. This research aims to produce a valuable addition to risk assessments in sustainable operation research and the advancement of transportation infrastructure reduction.

18

Macroeconomic instability and development disparities of peripheral areas in regions in Poland

Jarosiński Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 173

241--260

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to indicate the macroeconomic factors and their potential impact on the economy in the conditions of crises in the regional system in Poland and in peripheral areas of the regions, based on the example of the Mazowieckie province. Design/methodology/approach: The study includes theoretical research on the impact of macroeconomic phenomena on development processes and empirical research on changes in macroeconomic indicators in crisis conditions. The research covered 314 communes and 37 districts in Poland and in the Mazowieckie province. The analytical and descriptive method of the impact of changes on the socio-economic development was used. Findings: Theoretical research proves that macroeconomic instability affects the course of economic processes. The increase in interest rates and inflation may limit investment activity and reduce the efficiency of management. This poses a threat to the company's and state's performance. Empirical research has shown that in Poland there has been a deterioration in the economic situation in the regions and in the peripheral areas of the regions. Research limitations/implications: The broad context of economic and social changes resulting from many crisis phenomena is a difficult subject of research. There are serious difficulties in accessing reliable sources and the continuity of source data, which limits research opportunities. Practical implications: Identification of changes in factors adversely affecting development and leads to the need to monitor the macroeconomic situation and current changes taking place in enterprises, and indirectly relates to social changes. Hence, it is necessary to conduct further research in a systemic perspective and to take appropriate remedial measures. Social implications: The research revealed the influence of negative factors on the phenomena taking place in the economy. The effects are wide-ranging and there is a risk of worsening both nationally and globally. Specific changes in the social sphere, including lowering the standard of living, are a derivative of crisis phenomena. The social consequences are already visible, further effects may occur in the future. Originality/value: (mandatory) The article raises the problems of economic development in the face of crisis phenomena. The instability of development in the conditions of significant macroeconomic changes requires detailed analyzes of conditions and effects in the long term.

19

Identifying the current status of land transport infrastructure in Vietnam to support cross-border flows in southeast Asia (phase 1 conclusions)

Doński-Lesiuk Jakub

Transport Problems

|

2023

|

T. 18, z. 3

151--162

EN

This article presents selected aspects of the existing land infrastructure system in Vietnam that are important for cross-border transport. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the first phase of the study, which includes the analysis of the condition of the logistics infrastructure that supports the processes of international trade in goods. This phase includes the identification and initial assessment of the usefulness of the components of the logistics system in terms of its functionality and economic efficiency. The results define the scope of work necessary for the proper preparation of the logistics system in Vietnam for the needs related to ensuring the desirable efficiency of logistics corridors connecting Vietnam with China and neighboring regional markets of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.

20

Lokalizacja stacji bazowych telefonii komórkowej przy drodze

Laprus-Bałuka Tamara

Inżynier Budownictwa

|

2023

|

nr 11

18