Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Perowskity w inżynierii środowiska - zaawansowane metody oczyszczania wody z zanieczyszczeń organicznych

Stachowicz Wiktoria, Szafraniak-Wiza Izabela, Rzelewska-Piekut Martyna, Regel-Rosocka Magdalena

Technologia Wody

|

2025

|

Nr 1 (87)

24-31

PL

W artykule scharakteryzowano perowskity oraz przedstawiono ich potencjalne zastosowanie w inżynierii środowiska, jako materiały używane w zaawansowanych metodach oczyszczania wody z zanieczyszczeń organicznych z wykorzystaniem fotokatalizy oraz zaawansowanych procesów utleniania (Advanced Oxidation Processes, AOPs). Poza przykładami degradacji, w obecności perowskitów takich związków jak farmaceutyki, barwniki czy fenole, wskazano także szansę i wyzwania, jakie stoją przed zastosowaniem materiałów perowskitowych w oczyszczaniu wody na dużą skalę.

EN

This paper characterises perovskites and presents their potential application in environmental engineering as materials for advanced methods of water purification from organie pollutants using photocatalysis and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In addition to examples of the degradation of compounds such as pharmaceuticals, dyes or phenols in the presence. of perovskites, the opportunities and challenges for the application of perovskite materials in large-scale water purification have been identified.

2

Recent achievements and applications of silsesquioxane-based hybrid materials - an overview

Piórecka Kinga, Kurjata Jan, Stańczyk Włodzimierz A.

Polimery

|

2025

|

Vol. 70, nr 3

151--165

EN

Based on a literature review from the last 3 years, potential applications of hybrid materials based on silsesquoxanes in engineering, catalysis, biomedicine, and drug delivery systems are presented. Methods of synthesis of such materials are also discussed, considering publications from previous years. Silsesquioxanes are characterized by a defined stable three-dimensional structure consisting of an inorganic core (Si-O-Si) and organic substituents. The rigid core and multifunctionality of substituents make silsesquioxanes ideal candidates for use in the synthesis of innovative materials in the areas of chemistry and biomedicine.

PL

Na podstawie przeglądu literaturowego z ostatnich 3 lat przedstawiono potencjalne zastosowania materiałów hybrydowych na bazie silseskwioksanów w inżynierii, katalizie, biomedycynie i systemach podawania leków. Omówiono również metody syntezy tego typu materiałów, biorąc pod uwagę publikacje z wcześniejszych lat. Silseskwioksany charakteryzują się zdefiniowaną stabilną trójwymiarowa strukturą składającą się z nieorganicznego rdzenia (Si-O-Si) oraz organicznych podstawników. Sztywny rdzeń i wielofunkcyjność podstawników czynią silseskwioksany idealnymi kandydatami do stosowania w syntezie innowacyjnych materiałów w obszarach chemii i biomedycyny.

3

Enhanced efficiency of water purification plant by combined riverbank filtration water

Ibrahim Mohamed K.M., Gad Ali A.M., Aly Olfat H., Ahmed A.K.A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2024

|

no. 62

220--229

EN

Water shortages occur due to several factors, with drought being one of the biggest drivers. Another major environmental issue related to the contamination of freshwater systems worldwide is thousands of micropollutants, although they generally occur at low concentration levels. The provision of safe drinking water to the population in rural developing nations remains a problem, in particular when surface water and shallow wells or non-watertight headworks wells serve as sources of drinking water. Dramatically changing raw water qualities, floods and high rainfall events anthropogenic pollution, lack of electricity supply in developing regions demand new and adapted solutions for treatment and rendering water safe for distribution. Our study aimes to find another source of water supply using riverbank filtration (RBF). The RBF is a water treatment method that removes water from rivers by pumping wells into a nearby alluvial aquifer. Several physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur underground improve the quality of surface water and eliminate the need for traditional potable water treatment. Additional treatment techniques in this process include biological degradation, sorption, and filtration. Physical, chemical, and microbiological variables were used to assess the effectiveness of the RBF system in Upper Egypt. Our study proposes a workable water treatment strategy that replaces RBF treatment or pretreatment technique for high-quality Nile water to eliminate or reduce surface water pollutants without the use of chlorine.

4

Improving the Efficiency of Water Purification from Heavy Metals using the Electric Spark Method

Petrichenko Sergei, Malushevskaya Antonina, Ivanov Artem, Mitryasova Olena, Salamon Ivan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, nr 8

1--9

EN

Ways to increase the efficiency of the electric spark method of wastewater purification from heavy metal ions by increasing the stability of discharges and reducing energy losses are shown. General regularities of changes in the electrical characteristics of a multi-spark underwater discharge distributed in a layer of a mixture of iron and aluminum granules from the parameters of the discharge circuit have been revealed. The dependencies of the power amplitudes of electric spark discharges in a layer of metal granules on time under conditions of different combinations of inductance and capacitance of the discharge circuit are formalized, the regularities of energy input into working reactors to regulate the conditions and efficiency of purification are considered.

5

Antibacterial Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Seeds for Water Purification

Kacem Nadia Sandra, Derdour Rahma, Djekoun Abdelhamid

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, nr 11

134--142

EN

This study investigated the antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera (M.oleifera) seeds as a natural coagulant for water purification, addressing the critical need for clean water due to its significant impact on human health and disease prevalence linked to contaminated water. The research was carried out to observe the effect of M. oleifera on the microbial load of Raw Water (RW) and treated water (TW) sourced from the Ibn Ziad wastewater treatment facility in Constantine. Results of bacteriological analyses show that the raw water is heavily polluted with high levels of the targeted bacteria: 4.4 × 109 CFU/ml in total germs, 2.4 × 104 CFU/100 ml in total coliforms and total streptococci, and 1.1 × 104 CFU/100ml in fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and fecal streptococci, with no decrease observed for sulfite-reducing clostridia. However, the water treated with M. oleifera, at a dose of 20 g·L-1, demonstrates a significant reduction of 99% in total germs, 96% in total coliforms, and 98% in fecal coliforms, with a complete absence of Escherichia coli, streptococci, as well as a complete elimination of total sulfite-reducing clostridia, which falls with the standard guidelines for using this water in irrigation. The obtained results confirmed that M. oleifera seeds positively impact the reduction of pathogenic microorganisms found in wastewater.

6

Zarządzanie oparte na ryzyku w nowej dyrektywie ściekowej

Ramm Klara

Forum Eksploatatora

|

2024

|

Nr 3 (128)

64-66

PL

Każde przedsięwzięcie w gospodarce ściekowej musi być poprzedzone oceną ryzyka, aby działania były efektywne i ograniczały błędne decyzje. Ocena ryzyka musi być prowadzona w oparciu o scenariusze przyszłości.

7

Magnetosorption Purification of Water from Petroleum Products

Vozniuk Marta, Shabliy Tetyana, Gomelya Mykola, Sirenko Ludmila, Sidorov Dmytro

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 11

155--162

EN

In this work, the processes of purification of oily waters using magnetites were investigated: magnetite synthesized according to the classical method and magnetites modified with hydrophobizing agents (sulfonol or alkylimidazolin). It was shown that magnetite modified with alkylimidazolin in doses of 50–200 mg/dm3 provides a high degree of oil removal from waters of various mineralization. The degree of water purification reaches 97.5–99.8%. Sulfonol-modified magnetite shows greater efficiency than conventional magnetite only at high concentrations (200 mg/dm3) and only in fresh water. Three hours is enough to ensure the maximum degree of purification of water-oil solutions. Changing the amount of hydrophobizing agent (alkylimidazolin) during the synthesis of magnetite reduces the effect of pH on the purification of both fresh and mineralized waters.

8

Determining the Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis in the Purification of Water from Phosphates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Radovenchyk Iaroslav, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

238--246

EN

Processes of water purification from phosphates using a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane were studied. It was shown that the concentration of phosphates in the permeate largely depends on their initial concentration in the water and increases along with the degree of permeate selection. It was established that when using the Filmtec TW3–1812–50 membrane for phosphate concentrations up to 20 mg/dm3, their concentration in the permeate does not exceed 2.5 mg/dm3 with a degree of permeate selection up to 90% when cleaning solutions in distilled and artesian water. This value is below the permissible level for drinking water. When the concentration of phosphates increases to 100 and 1000 mg/dm3, their content in the permeate increases sharply to the values significantly higher than the permissible level in both drinking and wastewater. When sodium orthophosphate was added to artesian water, the effectiveness of its purification on this membrane with respect to chlorides, sulfates, hardness ions, and hydrocarbons was high. This indicates that the cartridges with these membranes can be used both in industrial installations and in households for further purification of artesian and tap water to drinking water quality.

9

A new magnetic-hybrid photoreactor for photocatalytic water disinfection

Paszkiewicz Oliwia, Wang Kunlei, Kordas Marian, Rakoczy Rafał, Kowalska Ewa, Markowska-Szczupak Agata

Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

|

2023

|

Vol. 44, nr 3

art. no. e22

EN

Environmental contamination is an urgent topic to be solved for sustainable society. Among various pollutants, microorganisms are believed to be the most dangerous and difficult to be completely inactivated. In this research, a new hybrid photoreactor assisted with rotating magnetic field (RMF) has been proposed for the efficient removal of two types of bacteria, i.e., gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. Three self-synthesized photocatalysts were used, based on commercial titanium(IV) oxide – P25, homogenized and then modified with copper by photodeposition, as follows: 0.5 Cu@HomoP25, 2.0 Cu@HomoP25 and 5.0 Cu@HomoP25 containg 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0 wt% of deposited copper, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design the experiments and to deteremine the optimal conditions. The effects of various parameters such as copper concentration [% w/w], and treatment time [h] and frequency of RMF [Hz] were studied. Results: analysis of variance (ANOVA), revealed a good agreement between experimental data and proposed quadratic polynomial model (R2 = 0:86 for E. coli and R2 = 0:69 for S. epidermidis). Experimental results showed that with increasing copper concentration, time and decreasing of frequency of RMF, the removal efficiency was increased. Accordingly, the water disinfection efficiency of 100% in terms of the independent variables was optimized, including copper concentration c = 5% and 2.5% w/w, time t = 3 h and 1.3 h and frequency of rotating magnetic field f = 50 Hz and 26.6 for E.coli and S. epidermidis, respectively. This study showed that response surface methodology is a useful tool for optimizing the operating parameters for photocatalytic disinfection process.

10

Szybka reakcja na problemy ze ściekami

Jasiński Jakub

Chemia Przemysłowa

|

2023

|

Nr 3

60--62

PL

W jaki sposób mobilni dostawcy uzdatniania wody mogą pomóc zakładom przemysłowym w ochronie ich licencji na prowadzenie działalności i zmniejszaniu wpływu na środowisko, gdy konieczna jest szybka reakcja?

11

Simultaneous photooxidation and photoreduction of phenol and Cr(VI) ions using titania modified with nanosilica

Kądziołka Daria, Grzechulska-Damszel Joanna, Schmidt Beata

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2022

|

Vol. 24, nr 4

23--29

EN

The photocatalytic process of phenol oxidation and Cr(VI) reduction in the presence of nano-silica modified titania was carried out. The activity of composites was tested using two different light sources. The photocatalysts with 10% of nanosilica showed the highest activity. The calcination temperature (200–800 °C) significantly determined the sensitivity of the obtained materials to the light source used. Photocatalysts alternately adsorbed and desorbed Cr(VI) ions from the reaction mixture during irradiation. In the one-component mixture, complete oxidation of phenol was observed using material calcined at 650 °C, after 3 h of UV-VIS irradiation. In the reaction mixture of Cr(VI) and phenol, the highest activity was demonstrated by photocatalyst calcined at 300 °C. The concentration of phenol decreased in proportion to the decrease of chromium ions. The obtained titania-silica composites showed oxidizing properties towards phenol and reductive properties toward Cr(VI) ions.

12

Eksploatacja filtrów odżelaziających i odmanganiających. Cz II. budowa filtrów

Siwiec Tadeusz

Forum Eksploatatora

|

2022

|

Nr 4 (121)

28-33

PL

Artykuł ten jest kontynuacją zapoczątkowanej w poprzednim numerze tematyki. Pierwsza część dotyczyła problemów związanych z aeracją wody, a niniejsza obejmie budowę filtrów i relacje między różnymi rozwiązaniami konstrukcyjnymi, a warunkami i problemami eksploatacyjnymi. Kolejne części będą dotyczyły warunków technologicznych i hydraulicznych pracy złóż odżelaziających i odmanganiających, a czwarta warunków płukania filtrów.

13

Obtaining New Aluminium Water Clarification Coagulant from Spent Catalyst

Vasiichuk Viktor, Kurylets Oksana, Nahurskyy Oleg, Kuchera Yaroslav, Bukliv Roksoliana, Kalymo Yaroslav

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, iss. 3

47--53

EN

The viability of obtaining aluminium coagulant from the solid vinyl chloride production waste (spent catalyst) was studied. The new coagulant Al6(OH)13Cl5 was established to be effective for clarifying water with high levels of suspended substances. The consumption of the new coagulant is significantly lower than that of conventional aluminium sulphate. The application of the new coagulant, aluminium chlorohydrate, makes it possible to enhance the properties of the purified water, in particular, its hardness. The method for obtaining the new coagulant and its use for water conditioning and purification was proved viable. The process flow sheet diagram for the coagulant production was suggested.

14

Woda w przemyśle kosmetycznym i farmaceutycznym

Sztucki Damian

LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania

|

2021

|

R. 26, nr 2

25--27

15

Usage of Sorbent-Catalyst to Accelerate the Oxidation of Manganese

Gomelya Mykola, Tverdokhlib Mariia, Shabliy Tetyana, Linyucheva Olga

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 4

232--239

EN

The processes of manganese (II) ions removal from water using sorbent catalysts and ion exchange materials modified with iron oxides were studied. It was shown that manganese ions oxidize very slowly in artesian water, even when the pH is adjusted to 9.0. Intensive aeration of solutions due to stirring also does not promote the oxidation of manganese (II) ions. The degree of manganese extraction due to oxidation is reduced from 20–30% for solutions with a concentration of manganese ions of 1 and 5 mg/dm3 to 11–15% for solutions with a concentration of 15 and 30 mg/dm3. A significant increase in the oxidation efficiency of manganese ions was achieved by using magnetite as a sorbent catalyst. The efficiency of water demanganization increases along with the intensity of water aeration when mixing solutions. It was established that strongly acid cation exchangers provide efficient extraction of manganese ions from water. At the same time, a high exchange capacity of strong acid cation exchange resin KU-2–8 in acid and salt form was noted. It was shown that the capacity of manganese ions of this cation exchange resin in the Ca2+-form is slightly lower. When using the KU-2–8 in Ca2+-form of cation exchange resin to remove manganese ions from the solution already in the first samples, the leakage of manganese ions at the level of 10 mg/dm3 and above was observed. This indicates that this form of ion exchanger is not suitable for deep purification of water from manganese (II) ions. In order to increase the efficiency of manganese ion extraction from water, increase the duration of the filter cycle, magnetite and magnetite-modified KU-2–8 cation exchange resin were used as a sorbent-catalyst. It was shown that the cation exchange resin modified with magnetite provides the removal of a significant part of manganese ions due to catalytic oxidation on magnetite. The conditions of effective manganese extraction under static and dynamic conditions are determined.

16

Mobilny modułowy system uzdatniania i przechowywania wody pitnej w sytuacjach kryzysowych : (powodzie, katastrofy naturalne lub techniczne)

Cygańczuk Krzysztof, Roguski Jacek, Zielecka Maria

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2020

|

T. 99, nr 7

1061--1067

PL

Omówiono koncepcję budowy nowoczesnego systemu filtracji i magazynowania wody w elastycznych zbiornikach do wykorzystania na wypadek powodzi lub innych nieprzewidzianych katastrof naturalnych i technicznych. Zastosowanie wysokowydajnych filtrów wody umożliwi wykorzystanie zanieczyszczonych zasobów wodnych (np. wody popowodziowej lub skażonej), a przy wdrażaniu koncepcji podwójnej filtracji możliwe będzie uzyskanie wody pitnej. Użycie modułów w postaci zbiorników elastycznych znacznie zwiększy mobilność zestawu, który ułatwi budowę stanowisk do uzdatniania wody przy jednoczesnym zaangażowaniu znacznie mniejszych sił i środków niż w przypadku standardowych działań. Przedstawiono stosowane w praktyce stanowiska uzdatniania wody w celu podniesienia jej jakości do poziomu wymagań dla wody pitnej.

EN

A review, with 47 refs. of mobile water purifn. systems used in world practice. The concept of building a modern water filtration and storage system in flexible tanks for use in the hard to reach areas was presented.

17

Kondycjonowanie osadów ściekowych osadami z uzdatniania wody

Górka Justyna

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2020

|

T. 99, nr 9

1315--1317

PL

Badano możliwości wykorzystania osadów z uzdatniania wody w procesie przeróbki osadów ściekowych. W skali laboratoryjnej prze¬ prowadzono badania nad wpływem osadów zawierających koagulant glinowy na proces odwadniania osadów ściekowych. Sprawdzono wpływ dawek osadów z uzdatniania wody wymieszanych sposobem objętościowym oraz względem zawartości suchej masy organicznej. Stwierdzono zwiększenie skuteczności odwadniania przy zastosowaniu objętościowego sposobu mieszania. Nieznaczny wpływ osadów z uzdatniania wody na właściwości filtracyjne osadów ściekowych zaobserwowano dla próbek zmieszanych w zależności od zawartości suchej masy organicznej. Im większy był udział osadów z uzdatniania wody w mieszaninie osadów ściekowych, tym parametry odwadnialności były korzystniejsze.

EN

Water treatment sludge was added to the sewage sludge to improve its processability under lab. conditions. An increase in dewatering efficiency by using a volumetric mixing method was obsd.

18

Uzdatnianie wody dla sieci ciepłowniczej i elektrociepłowni

Nowa Energia

|

2020

|

nr 1

36--37

PL

Wprowadzanie innowacji do sieci ciepłowniczych i elektrowni jest jednym z celów nie tylko Unii Europejskiej w ramach pakietu klimatyczno-energetycznego, ale także wielu innych państw na świecie. Woda o właściwych parametrach stanowi gwarancję dłuższego cyklu życia istotnych elementów sieci ciepłowniczej, takich jak przewody rurowe, kotły, czy wymienniki ciepła, co ma pozytywny wpływ na środowisko naturalne, a z drugiej strony optymalizuje koszty i gwarantuje szybki zwrot inwestycji.

19

Sludge of Oil Refining Units and Their Processing

Chelyadyn Volodymyr, Bogoslavets Mykola, Chelyadyn Liubomyr, Poznyak Oksana, Novosad Petro

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2020

|

Vol. 21, nr 7

169--177

EN

The article presents the quantitative characteristics of multi-tonnage technogenic wastes in Ukraine and the IvanoFrankivsk region, which cause environmental pollution. The water silts containing petroleum products are particularly dangerous wastes. It is proposed to recycle them using the method of preparation of the raw mixture in composition with the following technogenic wastes: oil sludge, ash, zeolite material, calcium-containing compounds, and organic mineral binders. They are granulated and subjected to the thermal treatment at low temperatures. The granular materials made using the oil-containing silt of the model object reduce the negative impact onto the environment of the region and increase its level of environmental safety.

20

Zastosowanie wybranych koagulantów do rozdzielania zawiesin bentonitowych

Warzecha Piotr, Hilger Bartłomiej

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2019

|

T. 98, nr 9

1457--1459

PL

Przeprowadzono badania koagulacji wodnej zawiesiny bentonitowej. Badania obejmowały pomiar rozkładu wielkości cząstek, analizę chemiczną i fazową przygotowanej zawiesiny, a także określenie zależności między stężeniem zawiesiny a mętnością wraz z wizualnym przedstawieniem otrzymanych wyników. Określono związek pomiędzy dawką koagulantów i ich mieszanin a stężeniem w celu ustalenia, czy mieszanina koagulantów może być bardziej skuteczna w procesie koagulacji. Znajomość zależności między stężeniem zawiesiny a krytycznym stężeniem koagulantów dla zawiesiny bentonitowej może być pomocna przy ustalaniu krytycznego stężenia koagulantu w procesie projektowania wysokosprawnych zbiorników sedymentacyjnych lub w stacjach uzdatniania wody dla zawiesin o podobnym pochodzeniu.

EN

Two com. coagulants were used sep. as well as in mixts. (20–80% by mass) to sep. the suspensions by sedimentation. Relationships between the concn. of solids in the suspension and its turbidity as well as between the dose of coagulant (used alone or as a mixt.) and suspension concn. were det. to improve the coagulation.