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Monitoring and Evaluating Sustainable Mobility in a Fragmented Port-City Environment: Evidence from a Maritime University

Jankowska A., Przybyłowski A., Gach O., Lachowicz A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2026

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Vol. 20 No. 2

423--429

EN

The implementation of sustainable mobility initiatives in academic institutions plays a crucial role in shaping environmentally friendly transport behaviours and enhancing urban accessibility. This study focuses on monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of sustainable mobility measures within a university setting, examining their impact on commuting patterns and infrastructure usage. It further investigates the role of institutional collaboration in advancing innovative transport solutions and assesses the influence of newly introduced facilities and organizational strategies on mobility choices. By dissecting user feedback and mobility data, the study provides insights into the effectiveness of implemented measures and identifies key challenges and opportunities for further development and enhancing sustainable transport strategies. Despite these efforts, transport behaviours still do not fully align with sustainability goals, highlighting the need for further research and firmed actions. Nevertheless, the results of the survey conducted within this study indicate that the sustainable development policy is progressing in a positive direction, as 45% of respondents report using intermodal transport when commuting to the buildings of Gdynia Maritime University (GMU). The findings aim to support policymakers, urban planners and academic institutions in refining mobility policies and infrastructure to create a more accessible and sustainable transport environment.

2

Floating architecture as a tool towards activisation and redevelopment of waterfront zones

Rembarz Gabriela, Paprzyca Krystyna

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz

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2025

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Z. 24

183--204

EN

The article raises issues concerning the use of floating architecture (FA) as a tool for modern urban planning, with particular emphasis on housing issues. An analysis of foreign examples indicates a wide spectrum of potential for objects "floating on water". The completion of the theoretical and technical experimentation phase allows for the popularization of such solutions at the threshold of the third decade of the 21st century, not only as a response to the elite needs of refined public use architecture. Alongside exceptional realizations on significant waterfronts, increasingly egalitarian housing projects are now emerging strengthening redevelopment process. FA objects, along with derivative forms such as amphibious architecture and boathouse architecture, have become part of the permanent planning toolbox for areas that, due to complex (technical-administrative-economic) reasons, cannot be developed conventionally. In times of debate about adapting cities to climate change, FA is also a seriously considered solution in the flexible-resilient strategies for developing areas at risk of flooding or even artificial oceanic habitats designed for climate migrants. The article presents the systematized results of the research concerning the determination of the main trends in the applications of FA in the revitalization processes of urban waterfront areas. The results were used to determine the scope of two master's thesis projects dedicated to the water front of Gdańsk.

PL

W artykule podniesiono kwestie wykorzystania architektury pływającej (AP) jako narzędzia urbanistyki współczesnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zagadnień mieszkaniowych. Analiza przykładów zagranicznych wskazuje na szerokie spektrum potencjału obiektów „unoszących się na wodzie”. Zakończenie fazy teoretyczno-technicznego eksperymentu umożliwia u progu trzeciej dekady XXI w. popularyzację tego typu rozwiązań nie tylko jako odpowiedzi na elitarne potrzeby wyrafinowanej architektury użyteczności publicznej. Obok wyjątkowych realizacji komercyjnych projektów hotelowych na znaczących wizerunkowo frontach wodnych powstają dziś coraz bardziej egalitarne projekty mieszkaniowe. Obiekty AP wraz z formami pochodnymi, jak amphibious architecture i boathouse architecture, są już obecnie częścią stałego narzędziownika planowania przestrzennego na terenach, które z przyczyn złożonych (techniczno-administracyjno-ekonomicznych) nie mogą być zabudowane w konwencjonalny sposób. W dobie debaty wokół przystosowania miast do skutków zmian klimatycznych architektura pływająca jest poważnie rozważanym rozwiązaniem w elastycznie odpornej (resilience) strategii rozwoju obszarów stref zagrożenia powodziowego lub wręcz sztucznych oceanicznych habitatów projektowanych dla klimatycznych migrantów. W artykule przedstawiono usystematyzowane wyniki pracy międzyuczelnianego zespołu naukowo-dydaktycznego dotyczące określenia głównych tendencji w zastosowaniach architektury pływającej w procesach rewitalizacji miejskich stref nadwodnych. Wyniki wykorzystano w określeniu zakresu dwóch projektowych prac magisterskich poświęconych frontowi wodnemu Gdańska.

3

Changes in the development of tourism in Polish port cities as a challenge to the planning of city logistics

Hącia Ewa, Łapko Aleksandra

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2024

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nr 79 (151)

67--76

EN

This study discusses the results of research into changes in the tourist traffic in port cities, which may pose challenges to the planning of city logistics. The analysis draws on the statistical data on tourism. The study sample includes four cities located in Poland’s two coastal areas at the Baltic Sea: Szczecin and Świnoujście (West Pomeranian region), and Gdańsk and Gdynia (Pomeranian region). Covering the years 1995–2022, the analysis has been complemented with a review of the literature on the role of city logistics in solving problems caused by the development of tourism. The rapid growth of tourism generates an increased flow of people, goods, and information, which may be detrimental to the smooth functioning of a city. Insights into the development of tourist traffic over the years may facilitate the planning of city logistics and reconcile the function of a tourist destination with that of a port, which the cities have to perform. It may also support efforts that aim to ensure the sustainable development of port cities.

4

The impact of seaport development on the social environment: a case study of a port city with low unemployment and dominating tourism function

Pluciński Michał

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2019

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nr 60 (132)

161--167

EN

The issue of the impact of seaports on their direct vicinity has been repeatedly addressed in the academic literature. The developed merits of their impact is mainly related to employment in the port/port cluster, the seaport’s share of the municipality’s labour market, and the added value produced by the port/port cluster or the volume and structure of uncompensated flows into the municipality’s budget on account of the port’s operations. This article is aimed at providing an answer to the question of how to evaluate the impact of a new investment project in a seaport on its direct vicinity in a situation of low unemployment in the port’s municipality and the dominating tourism function in its economy. The research methodology was based on a single case study of the city of Świnoujście and the seaport in Świnoujście; the dominating economic function of this municipality is tourism. Moreover, it is the location of one of the four seaports with primary significance for the national economy. The development plans for the Szczecin & Świnoujście Seaports Authority include the construction of a deepwater container hub terminal. The investment will have an impact on the local social environment. The results of the conducted research studies are presented in the article both in a traditional approach enumerating the benefits of such an investment project for the local environment, as well as proposing a new approach to the evaluation of its benefits (inter alia, providing employment opportunities for people who so far have been forced to look for jobs outside the municipality and the long-term unemployed, preventing young and educated people from moving out of the municipality, attracting new inhabitants, improving the employment-to-population ratio, and stopping the city’s population ageing).

5

The phenomenon of increasing concentration of tourism in Polish seaside regions

Hącia E.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2016

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nr 47 (119)

163--169

EN

The aim of this article is to point to the phenomenon of increasing concentration of tourism in the Polish seaside regions. The study involved four port cities, located in two seaside voivodeships: West Pomeranian (Szczecin, Świnoujście) and Pomeranian (Gdańsk, Gdynia). They are cities where seaports of major importance for the national economy are located. The analysis of tourist traffic in these cities covers the years 1995–2014. This analysis formed the basis for the forecast to 2020. The results of extrapolation of trends are presented in the figures. Moreover, the procedure employed and structure of the article were adapted to the aim of this work.

6

Popyt turystyczny w polskich regionach nadmorskich ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem miast portowych

Hącia E.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 3

1762--1770, CD 1

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza oraz ocena popytu turystycznego w polskich regionach nadmorskich. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na miasta portowe. Analiza popytu turystycznego została przeprowadzona na podstawie ruchu turystycznego.

EN

The main aim of the article is the analysis and assessment of tourist demand in the Polish coastal regions. A particular attention has been paid to the port cities. Analysis of tourist demand has been carried out on the basis of tourist traffic.

7

Some problems of coexistence of port’s and urban functions

Krośnicka K. A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2013

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nr 79

19--31

EN

The paper discusses the functional and spatial relations occurring in the transition zone, existing between a port and a city area. In order to identify and organize these issues, the determinants of the spatial development of port cities were discussed briefly, including inter alia: natural and historical conditions, spectrum of port’s transshipment, port’s transportation system, the ownership of a port and a port management model, the economic importance of a port for the city and region. The rest of the work describes a typical functional structures of coastal and sea-river port cities on the background of the concentric distribution of functions in a typical modern inland city. In the short resume some examples of the "good practice" in spatial management of port cities are given.

8

Analiza celowości i możliwości budowy „suchego portu” w pobliżu Trójmiasta

Grulkowski S., Zariczny J.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2012

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R. 19, nr 9

3185--3192, CD

PL

Przewidywany w ciągu najbliższych kilku lat wzrost ilości przeładowanych kontenerów w portach Gdyni i Gdańska do 4 mln TEU wymaga zastosowania zupełnie nowych koncepcji i technologii logistycznych. Przyjęcie tak dużej ilości ładunków jest znacznie utrudnione przez ograniczone możliwości rozbudowy infrastruktury w portach, jak też w samych miastach portowych. W takiej sytuacji należy dążyć do maksymalnego ograniczenia czynności logistycznych, spedycyjnych i administracyjnych w portach i przeniesienia ich w głąb lądu, do tzw. suchego portu. W artykule przedstawiono argumenty za budową i kryteria lokalizacji inwestycji.

EN

It is expected that the ports of Gdynia and Gdansk will transship the containers of the capacity of up to 4 million TEU. Therefore, new logistic concepts and technologies need to be applied. The capacity of container terminals is limited due to the constrictions of infrastructure development in ports and port cities. In this case, logistic, spedition and administration operations in ports should be minimized and moved inland to a dry port. In this article, arguments for investment construction as well as criteria of localization of the dry port are presented.

9

Uwarunkowania rozwoju turystyki w regionach nadmorskich w Polsce

Hącia E.

Logistyka

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2012

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nr 3

PL

Celem publikacji jest przedstawienie uwarunkowań rozwoju turystyki w regionach nadmorskich w Polsce. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na znaczenie ruchu turystycznego w miastach portowych. Wskazano turystykę jako istotną determinantę rozwoju regionalnego. Publikacja zawiera wyniki badań prowadzonych w ramach projektu badawczego własnego pt.: "Portowe centra logistyczne jako stymulanty rozwoju portów, miast portowych i regionów nadmorskich. Badanie, modelowanie, koncepcja lokalizacji, eksploatacji i zarządzania", realizowanego pod kierunkiem Cz. Christowej w Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie, finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki w latach 2011 – 2012.

EN

The main aim of the publication is to present conditions for development of tourism in coastal regions in Poland. Particular attention has been paid to the importance of tourist traffic in the port cities. Tourism has been indicated as an essential determinant of regional development. The publication presents the results of research led by Czesława Christowa, under a research project titled "Port logistics centres as a stimulant for the development of ports, port cities and coastal regions. The research on, modeling, concept of location, operation and management", financed by the National Science Centre in the years 2011 – 2012.

10

Rewitalizacja małych miast portowych bałtyckiego wybrzeża Polski i Niemiec

Krośnicka K.

Prace Wydziału Nawigacyjnego Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2010

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Z. 24

51-64

PL

W artykule przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą przebiegu procesu rewitalizacji w czterech wybranych portach i miastach portowych Polski (Kołobrzeg, Darłowo, Ustka i Łeba) i Niemiec Wschodnich (Stralsund, Greifswald, Wolgast, Ueckermuende). Celem tej analizy jest rozważenie możliwości aplikacji na gruncie rodzimym wybranych rozwiązań zastosowanych w niemieckich miastach portowych. Podstawowe informacje dotyczące opisywanych miast i ich portów zawarte są w tabeli 1.

EN

The author analyzes and compares the process of urban renewal in chosen small port-cities of Poland (Kołobrzeg, Darłowo, Ustka i Łeba) and East Germany (Stralsund, Greifswald, Wolgast, Ueckermuende). As the result of the study some main observations has been made: • B asic differences do not concern directions of changes, but the context and administration tools being used during the process of urban. • D evelopment of German small cities and their ports seems to be basing on reliable analysis, which take into account their sustainable economic and spatial growth. • P olish small port cities adjust their economy and appearance mainly to the role of Summer sea resorts. Therefore functions other than tourist services offered during 2–4 months of Summer se-ason stagnate. Due to this reason functional diversification of small port cities, connected with deep restructuring of the region, is necessary. • I t is the city and it’s tourist function now, which activates small ports of Polish coast.

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The impact of sea-river ports on spatial development of cities

Krośnicka K.

Logistics and Transport

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2010

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Vol. 11, No. 2

39-44

EN

Sea-river ports are in most cases the final element of the network of inland waterways - usually, in a situation, where they are located at the river's mouth, the possibility of further shipping of inland vessels ends. Ships, sometimes also ocean-going vessels, may however call for many sea-river ports lying in a large distance from the mouth of rivers (eg Szczecin, Hamburg, Bremen). Due to more central position in the transport network in the region or country, seaports, situated further in the hinterland, are generally preferential. However, they face a number of technical problems connected with maintaining the availability of navigation from the sea. In the case of sea-river ports problems related to: construction, operation, maintenance and management of both seaports, inland ports and waterways are cumulated. While seagoing ships and river barges use very often the same waters and quays, using the same equipment, the land on which they are operated is in the competence of many different institutions and bodies. The functioning of the sea-river ports is also strongly correlated with the existence and development of the other cities in the hinterland, being a part of a system of river routes. Finally, the complex spatial and functional dependencies occurring between modern ports and port cities or metropolitan areas, heavily conditioned the development of both of these structures. The scope of this article is analysis of the functional and spatial relationships between them.