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Stabilization of Iron Content in Drinking Water after Sampling – Study of Tap Water in Donetsk Region, Ukraine

Zbykovskyy Yevgen, Shvets Ihor, Kaulin Viacheslav, Shvets Iryna

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 12

269--277

EN

Ukraine traditionally suffers from acute shortage of quality drinking water, and this problem has intensified recently due to military operations on its territory. The lack of water laboratories in the combat area made it impossible to monitor the quality of drinking water. Due to the pollution of water resources and the destruction of water supply systems, the population is forced to use water unsuitable for drinking. One of the important indicators of pollution is the high iron content in drinking water, which exceeds the maximum permissible standards in many regions of Ukraine. To analyze the iron content in water, the spectrophotometric method with 1,10-phenanthroline was chosen, which is simplest, less labor-intensive and energy-consuming. If it is impossible to carry out the analysis at the point of water sampling, the result obtained has a high error due to a decrease in the concentration of iron in the water over time. The reason for this effect is the rapid transition of iron from soluble to insoluble form. The aim of the research is to study the influence of temperature and acidity on the dynamics of iron concentration in drinking water and to develop recommendations for analyzing water for iron content in laboratory conditions. It has been proven that drinking water must be acidified to a level of pH = 1 immediately after water sampling. In the case of analyzing previously unacidified water, it should be heated to a temperature of 40 °C or higher in the presence of hydrochloric acid. It was established that the amount of total iron in the analyzed water exceeds the amount of dissolved iron by 6.4 times. The correspondence of drinking water with the requirements of the standard for iron content can only be established by determining the content of total iron in all its species.

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Reakcja selera naciowego na 1,10-fenantrolinę

Herman B., Rychter P., Biczak R.

Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology

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2016

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Vol. 19

137--145

PL

Dla zwiększania efektywności i jakości produkcji rolnej nadal olbrzymie znaczenie mają pestycydy, w tym herbicydy. Herbicydy stosowane w rolnictwie do ochrony roślin mogą mieć jednocześnie negatywny wpływ na rośliny inne niż docelowe, np. rośliny uprawne. Przeprowadzone badania miały na celu określenie wpływu herbicydu fotodynamicznego 1,10-fenantroliny (1,10-Phe), o stężeniach 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 i 10.0 mM na aktywność katalazy (EC 1.11.1.6) i peroksydazy (EC 1.11.1.7) oraz zawartość chlorofilu i karotenoidów w liściach selera naciowego (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Mill.) Pers.). Rośliny traktowane 1,10-Phe charakteryzowały się wyższą aktywnością peroksydazy i niższą aktywnością katalazy niż rośliny nietraktowane tym związkiem. Poziom chlorofilu całkowitego i karotenoidów w liściach selera naciowego uzależniony był także od zastosowanych stężeń 1,10-Phe. Rośliny opryskane 1,10-Phe o mniejszych stężeniach cechowały się podwyższonym poziomem chlorofilu całkowitego, podczas gdy wyższe stężenia 1,10-Phe wywołały spadek zawartości tego barwnika w odniesieniu do roślin kontrolnych. Przy wyższych stężeniach tego herbicydu wystąpił ponadto wzrost zawartości karotenoidów w liściach roślin.

EN

Pesticides, in that herbicides still play an important role in enhancing the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. Herbicides used in agriculture for plant protection can have a negative effect on nontarget plants as well, for example cultivated plants. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of photodynamic herbicide 1,10-phenanthroline (1,10- Phe), in the concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 mM, on catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) activity and total chlorophyll and carotenoides contents in the leaf celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Mill.) Pers.) leaves. Plants treated with 1,10-Phe were characterized by higher activity of peroxidase and lower activity of catalase as compared with nontreated plants. The total chlorophyll level and carotenoids level in celery leaves depended on the concentration of 1,10-Phe. The plants sprayed with 1,10-Phe at lower concentrations were characterized by a higher total chlorophyll level, whilst the higher 1,10-Phe concentrations caused the chlorophyll level decrease as compared with the control plants. Higher concentration of this herbicide resulted in an increase in the content of carotenoids in plants leaves.

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Reakcja fasoli szparagowej na herbicyd 1,10-fenantrolinę

Herman B., Biczak R., Rychter P.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2012

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Vol. 6, No. 1

199--205

PL

W przeprowadzonych badaniach określono wpływ herbicydu fotodynamicznego 1,10-fenantroliny (1,10-Phe), o stężeniach 2,5; 7,5 i 10,0 mM, na aktywność katalazy (EC 1.11.1.6) i peroksydazy (EC 1.11.1.7) oraz zawartość chlorofilu całkowitego i karotenoidów w liściach fasoli szparagowej (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv Złota Saxa). Rośliny traktowane 1,10-Phe charakteryzowały się wyższą aktywnością peroksydazy i niższą aktywnością katalazy niż rośliny nietraktowane tym związkiem. Poziom chlorofilu całkowitego i karotenoidów w liściach fasoli szparagowej także uzależniony był od zastosowanych stężeń 1,10-Phe. Rośliny opryskane 1,10-Phe o mniejszych stężeniach cechowały się podwyższonym poziomem chlorofilu całkowitego, podczas gdy największe stężenie 1,10-Phe wywołało spadek zawartości chlorofilu w odniesieniu do roślin kontrolnych. Przy wyższych stężeniach tego herbicydu wystąpił ponadto wzrost zawartości karotenoidów w liściach roślin.

EN

Effect of photodynamic herbicide 1,10-phenathroline (1,10-Phe), in the concentration of 2.5, 7.5 and 10.0 mM, on catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) activity and total chlorophyll and carotenoides contents in leaves of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv Golds Saxa) have been determined. Plants treated with 1,10-Phe were characterized by higher activity of peroxidase and lower activity of catalase, as compared with non-treated plants. The total chlorophyll level and carotenoids level in French bean leaves depended on the concentration of 1,10-Phe. The plants sprayed with Phe at lower concentrations were characterized by a higher total chlorophyll level, whilst the highest 1,10-Phe concentration - 10 mM caused the chlorophyll level decrease, as compared with the control plants. Higher concentration of this herbicide resulted in a increase in the content of carotenoids in plants leaves.

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Synthesis of a New Thiourea Derivative Substituted 5,6-Diamino-1,10-phenanthroline and Crown Ether and Its Complexes with Copper(II), Nickel(II) and Cobalt(II)

Elmal F. T., Avclata U., Demirhan N., Gül A.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2007

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Vol. 81, nr 10

1725-1725

EN

A new thiourea derivative ligand (LH2), 6-amino-5-ylamino-benzo[15-crown-5]-15- ylaminoethanethione[1,10]phenanthroline has been synthesized in the reaction of 5,6-diamino-1,10-phenanthroline with 15-isothiocyanatobenzo[15-crown-5] and its metal complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) have been prepared. The structures and compositions of the ligand and the complexes have been confirmed by elemental analyses, UV-vis, FTIR, 1H NMR (DMSO-d6), 13C NMR (DMSO-d6), mass spectra (LC-MS) andmagnetic measurements. The metal to the ligand ratio of the Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes have been found to be 1:2. Protonation constants of the ligand and overall formation constants of the complexes have been calculated from potentiometric data using the computer program.

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Angular Overlap Treatment of cis-Dichlorobis(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III) Chloride Dihydrate in Aqueous Solution

Kurzak K., Biernacki K.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2002

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Vol. 76 / nr 4

503-509

EN

Low-symmetry mixed-ligands cis-[CrCl2(phen)2]Cl complex (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been characterized spectroscopically. Electronic spectrum of aqueous solution of this complex has been measured at room temperature and interpreted using the angular overlap model (AOM), and assuming C2v symmetry. All the experimental transition energies are derived from Gaussian analysis of the solution spectrum. The calculations of the ligand-field parameters take into account all the transitions, which are required in the ligand-field theory (except those energetically higher than the range of the measured spectrum).