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Forecasting post-fire dynamics of vegetation recovery in natural ecosystems

Skrobala Viktor, Ilyashevych Mykhailo, Popovych Vasyl, Korol Kateryna, Renkas Artur, Popovych Natalya, Boyko Taras

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2025

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Vol. 26, iss. 8

398--411

EN

The study investigates the patterns and ecological consequences of vegetation succession in areas affected by ground fires within the Roztochya region of Ukraine. The objective was to identify key stages and drivers of post-pyrogenic vegetation recovery and assess the role of dominant species in ecosystem stabilization. Field surveys were conducted in burned and control sites using geobotanical methods, Braun-Blanquet cover-abundance scales, and Ellenberg indicator values. Species richness, vegetation structure, and environmental indicators were analyzed to determine successional dynamics. The results revealed that post-fire communities demonstrate clear differentiation in floristic composition and soil-vegetation relationships compared to unburned areas. Pioneer species with high ecological plasticity dominated the early successional stages, while later phases showed a gradual restoration of native species. The findings contribute to understanding post-fire regeneration processes and provide a foundation for managing pyrogenic landscapes and implementing nature-based solutions in fire-prone ecosystems. The study emphasizes the need for long-term monitoring and ecosystem-based management strategies in regions exposed to increasing fire risks under climate change.

2

Impact of the Development of the Design of Firefighter Helmets on the Mechanical Shock Absorption Capacity

Walczak Agata, Pieniak Daniel, Lonkwic Paweł, Kupicz Włodzimierz, Ptak Szymon, Piątek Piotr, Wąsik Wiktor, Renkas Artur

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 6

171--184

EN

A firefighter's helmet is used as a basic personal protective equipment item. The purpose of the helmet is to absorb a part of mechanical impact acting towards the rescuer's cervical spine, which may lead to its injury. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of changes in the helmet design on the threshold passive forces transferred to the firefighter's cervical spine. The test subjects were firefighter’s helmets compliant with the European standard for helmets used by fire brigades. The study was carried out under model conditions, using special equipment with a head model and an additional force sensor placed under it, where the cervical spine is anatomically located. The central impact energy was assumed to be 60 J. A semi-spherically ended beater was used. The experimentally determined force-displacement characteristics revealed two phases of force increase. Using polyurethane foam as a cushioning insert instead of the expanded polyester used in older designs reduced values of forces in the first phase of the characteristic. There were many cases where the critical passive force value was exceeded, which would have resulted in the cervical spine injury. Modifications in material selection and component manufacturing technology affect the protective capabilities of firefighter’s helmets and result in their improvement. Nevertheless, helmets that are currently in use are still affected by forces whose values exceed the ones that are considered to be safe for a firefighter.

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Fire cause analysis in religious sites

Renkas Artur

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

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2020

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Nr 73 (tom 1)

25--35

EN

Annually fires destroy many buildings, and among them are religious properties. This paper is related to the dynamics of fires on religious sites and to causes of fires in churches. The main dangers of fires in churches are large number of people, flammable structures, using furnaces for heating and the absence of the second emergency exit. The main causes of fires in churches arise from violations of the rules of installation and power grid, operation careless handling of fire. In order to prevent fires, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the Fire Safety Rules, to keep the electrical and furnace equipment in good working order, and to carry out their inspections and maintenance in a timely manner. Also the building should only be left after making sure that all ignition sources are eliminated.

PL

Każdego roku pożary niszczą wiele budynków, wśród nich są również obiekty kultu religijnego. Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy charakterystycznej dynamiki pożarów obiektów sakralnych oraz typowych przyczyn ich powstawania. Do głównych zagrożeń w miejscach kultu religijnego zalicza się dużą liczbę zgromadzonych osób, niejednokrotnie łatwopalną konstrukcję, wykorzystywanie pieców do celów grzewczych, ograniczoną liczbę wyjść ewakuacyjnych. Do głównych przyczyn pożarów w tego typu obiektach zalicza się nieprzestrzeganie przepisów przeciwpożarowych (szczególnie w kontekście instalacji, w tym instalacji elektrycznych), nieostrożne obchodzenie się z otwartym płomieniem. W celu zapewnienia właściwej ochrony przeciwpożarowej konieczne jest bezwzględne stosowanie się do przepisów przeciwpożarowych, utrzymywanie urządzeń i instalacji we właściwym stanie technicznym, przede wszystkim poprzez regularne przeglądy i konserwacje. Co więcej, budynki powinny być opuszczane wyłącznie w sytuacji, kiedy absolutnie pewne jest wyeliminowanie wszelkich potencjalnych źródeł pożaru.

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Optimization of the duration of emergency vehicle movement to the place of fire

Pasnak Ivan, Renkas Artur

Transport Problems

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2020

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T. 15, z. 4, cz. 1

117--124

EN

The article is devoted to the issue of the negative effect of delays in the movement of special rescue vehicles on the effectiveness of their mission. The dependence of the area of fire on the delay of the arrival of firefighters using a fire-rescue vehicle is shown. The cascading graph of route options of special vehicle movement to the place of an emergency call is given. The algorithm of the optimal route choice of the special vehicle motion with given projected delays is offered. Based on the graph theory, probability theory, and the basic principles of traffic organization, the article proposes a new way to determine the optimal route.