Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Integration of Eco-design Principles in the Design and Building of a CNC Machine for Laboratory Applications

Chodór Jarosław, Kułakowska Agnieszka, Tymiński Jacek, Olewińska Kinga

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2025

|

Tom 27

517--524

EN

The aim of this article is to present eco-innovative design and construction solutions, as well as the construction process for a laboratory station with a CNC milling machine. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a CNC milling machine, where structural and operational challenges were addressed through constructional modifications, material reinforcements, optimized assembly methods, and improved control system configuration. Additionally, computer simulations and strength analyses using modern tools bring environmental benefits, such as: reducing material waste by reducing failed attempts, reducing energy consumption by selecting optimal operating parameters, saving tools and extending their service life, reducing the carbon footprint associated with energy production and material transport.

2

Utilizing linear quadratic regulator and model predictive control for optimizing the suspension of a quarter car vehicle in response to road excitation

Bajrami Xhevahir, Shala Ahmet, Likaj Rame, Krasniqi Drin, Shala Erjon

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2025

|

Vol. 63 nr 1

75--89

EN

Vehicle suspension systems are fundamental components designed to mitigate the adverse effects of road surface irregularities. These systems are typically categorized as passive, semi-active, or active suspensions. This study focuses on a quarter car suspension model to explore the application of two control methods, the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and the Model Predictive Control (MPC). Experimental data are collected using the Quanser active suspension experiment setup. Initially, the LQR controller is employed to optimize performance criteria related to the system state and input signals. Subsequently, the widely recognized MPC approach is used as an alternative control method. A comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted, taking into account various load conditions and parameter variations. Additionally, the study investigates system responses under varying road conditions, changes in plant characteristics, and the introduction of disturbances, to provide an exhaustive comparison of the two control methods. The results obtained with the MPC and the comparison with the findings of various authors to date allow us to emphasize that the presented results in this study significantly outperform the previous work. These outcomes have undergone rigorous validation on the physical model available in our mechatronics laboratory.

3

Methods of Reducing Burrs in the Process of Cutting and Blanking Metal Materials

Bohdal Łukasz, Kułakowska Agnieszka, Tomkowski Robert, Ssemakula Hamzah Ssekiunga

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2024

|

Tom 26

629--637

EN

In metal cutting and blanking processes, one of the primary technological challenges is the formation of burrs on the surfaces of cut parts, especially in thin materials. Many companies face the issue of excessive waste due to burr formation after cutting. Understanding the causes of this defect is complex. This paper presents the current state of knowledge and the authors' research on reducing burr occurrence on cut surfaces. The conditions for achieving a high-quality cut edge were determined through numerical and experimental studies. With the increase of the rake angle in shear-slitting, the burr height decreases. When cutting with trimming, the cutting clearance value should be within hc = 1-3% of the material thickness. When blanking, the cutting clearance should be less than 10% of the thickness of the material being cut. The findings support selecting optimal process conditions to minimise waste after cutting.

4

Three-Dimensional Elastic Behavior of Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis L.) Wood and Investigation Via Finite Element Analysis

Şirin Göksu, Aydemir Deniz, Gündüz Gökhan, Yörür Hüseyin

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

|

2024

|

Vol. 67, nr 213

Art. no. 192553

EN

Wood is an anisotropic material with a complex structure. It is very difficult to examine the properties of complex structured materials. Finite element analysis is a technique that can be used to analyze the mechanical behavior of wood and wood-based materials. The objective of this study is to determine the mechanical properties of Oriental plane (Platanus orientalis L.) wood both experimentally and using finite element analysis. For tensile strength and compressive strength, with the aim of determining the wood’s behavior depending on its anisotropic axes, samples were prepared in three axial directions: radial, tangential and longitudinal. Under the same conditions and with the same dimensions, longitudinal samples were modeled in a computer environment using finite element analysis. ANSYS Multiphysics/LS-DYNA was used for simulation. It was determined that the laboratory results and the simulation results were in good agreement, with a similarity ratio of over 90%.

5

Experimental Diagnostic of Cavitation Flow in the Centrifugal Pump Under Various Impeller Speeds Based on Acoustic Analysis Method

Al-Obaidi Ahmed Ramadhan

Archives of Acoustics

|

2023

|

Vol. 48, No. 2

159--170

EN

Condition monitoring in a centrifugal pump is a significant field of study in industry. The acoustic method offers a robust approach to detect cavitations in different pumps. As a result, an acoustic-based technique is used in this experiment to predict cavitation. By using an acoustic technique, detailed information on outcomes can be obtained for cavitation detection under a variety of conditions. In addition, various features are used in this work to analyze signals in the time domain using the acoustic technique. A signal in the frequency domain is also investigated using the fast Fourier method. This method has shown to be an effective tool for predicting future events. In addition, this experimental investigation attempts to establish a good correlation between noise characteristics and cavitation detection in a pump by using an acoustic approach. Likewise, it aims to find a good method for estimating cavitation levels in a pump based on comparing and evaluating different systems.

6

The initial analysis of the aerodynamic characteristics of a 3D printed model of an aircraft

Lusiak T., Babel R.

Journal of KONES

|

2018

|

Vol. 25, No. 4

255--262

EN

The aerodynamic research into models of an aircraft aims at creating the main characteristics of aerodynamic forces and moments and the aerodynamic characteristics of coefficients of aerodynamic forces and moments, based on real dimensions. The method of 3D printing was used to create a model of an aircraft. The model with the previously set printing parameters and commands for a 3D printer, in the right order, was imported into MakerBot Print. The final stage was printing the model. The printed components of the model of an aircraft were imperfect due to the incorrectly set printing parameters. The model with the previously set printing parameters and commands for a 3D printer, in the right order, was imported into MakerBot Print. The final stage was printing the model. The printed components of the model of an aircraft were imperfect due to the incorrectly set printing parameters. The printing parameters were corrected in the next printing sessions so the surfaces of the components were good enough and grinding was unnecessary. Some excess material was removed in each of the printed components, and the slots were cleaned. Then, the individual models were put together. The article describes the technique of creating a model of an aircraft to map its exact geometry for experimental wind tunnel research. 3D printing enables us to experimentally investigate a created geometry, in particular to investigate further prior to releasing an aircraft to service. The 3D model employs the model created in line with the previous CFD analysis.

7

Comparative analysis of the experimental and numerical research of the stamping process of axially-symmetrical elements

Różyło P., Wójcik Ł.

Technical Transactions

|

2017

|

Vol. 11(114)

205--210

EN

The paper presents experimental and numerical results of the stamping process of an axially-symmetrical element. The subject of the study was a sample made of a 0.47 mm thick aluminium alloy Al-1100 sheet. Experimental studies were conducted on a universal testing machine, while numerical simulations were carried out on two different numerical software programs Abaqus® and Deform-3D. The results obtained from the numerical analysis allowed to develop a numerical model of the stamping process.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i numerycznych procesu tłoczenia elementu osiowo-symetrycznego. Przedmiotem badań była próbka wykonana ze stopu aluminium Al-1100 o grubości 0,47 mm. Badania doświadczalne przeprowadzono na uniwersalnej maszynie wytrzymałościowej, natomiast symulacje numeryczne zrealizowano w dwóch różnych programach komputerowych Abaqus® oraz Deform-3D. Wyniki uzyskane z analizy numerycznej pozwoliły na opracowanie numerycznego modelu procesu tłoczenia.

8

Numerical and experimental analysis of a shear connection made using a top-hat profile

Helbrych P., Major M., Nawrot J.

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2017

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No. 26(3)

69--78

EN

The paper proposed a numerical model of a shear connection between a reinforced concrete slab and a steel shape. The connection was made using a top-hat profile. A method for conducting experimental research on shear connections in the composite structures was presented. Geometric dimensions and material parameters of the analysed model of connection, on which the experimental research was conducted, were noted. The results of the conducted experimental research were compared to the results of the numerical analysis performed using ANSYS software. displecement curves were analysed for both cases and any correlation between experimental and numerical results was noted.

PL

W pracy zaproponowano model numeryczny połączenia ścinanego płyty żelbetowej z kształtownikiem stalowym. Zespolenie wykonano przy użyciu łącznika kapeluszowego. Przedstawiono sposób prowadzenia badań doświadczalnych połączeń ścinanych w konstrukcjach zespolonych. Podano wymiary geometryczne oraz parametry materiałowe analizowanego modelu połączenia, dla którego wykonano badania eksperymentalne. Porównano wyniki przeprowadzonych badań doświadczalnych z wynikami analizy numerycznej wykonanej przy użyciu programu ANSYS. Przeanalizowano przebieg krzywych poślizgu dla obu przypadków wskazując korelację między wynikami doświadczalnymi i numerycznymi.

9

Analiza numeryczna i eksperymentalna przepływomierza kolanowego

Kłosowiak R., Nygard A., Judt W.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2017

|

R. 18, nr 12

962--966, CD

PL

Elementem pomiarowym przepływomierza jest kolano rurowe, które znajduje się w praktycznie każdej instalacji przemysłowej. Kolano, jako element już istniejący w instalacji, nie wprowadza dodatkowych strat ciśnienia. Metoda ta choć mało popularna stanowi często jedyną możliwość pomiaru strumienia cieczy. Celem niniejszej pracy jest sprawdzenie możliwości i dokładności wyznaczenia charakterystyki przepływomierza kolanowego bez przeprowadzania kalibracji na obiekcie rzeczywistym. Praca obejmuje wyznaczenia charakterystyki rzeczywistego kolana segmentowego w oparciu o badania modelu laboratoryjnego i obliczenia numeryczne CFD.

EN

The measuring element of the flowmeter is a tubular bend which can be found in practically every industrial installation. Tubular bend, as an element already existing in the installation, does not bring additional pressure losses. This method, although not popular, is often the only way to measure the liquid stream flow. The purpose of this paper is to check the ability and accuracy of characteristic designation for the knee-shaped flow meter without calibration on a real object. Article includes the determination of the actual segmental tubular bend characteristics based on laboratory model and numerical CFD calculations.

10

Experimental-numerical test of open section composite columns stability subjected to axial compression

Różyło P.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 84, nr 2

58--64

EN

Purpose: The aim of the work was to analyse the critical state of thin-walled composite profiles with top-hat cross section under axial compression. Design/methodology/approach: The purpose of the work was achieved by using known approximation methods in experimental and finite element methods for numerical simulations. The scope of work included an analysis of the behavior of thin-walled composite structures in critical state with respect to numerical studies verified experimentally. Findings: In the presented work were determined the values of critical loads related to the loss of stability of the structures by using well-known approximation methods and computer simulations (FEM analysis). Research limitations/implications: The research presented in the paper is about the potential possibility of determining the values of critical loads equivalent to loss of stability of thin-walled composite structures and the future possibility of analyzing limit states related to loss of load capacity. Practical implications: The practical approach in the actual application of the described specimen and methodology of study is related to the necessity of carrying out of strength analyzes, allowing for a precise assessment of the loads upon which the loss of stability (bifurcation) occurs. Originality/value: The originality of the research is closely associated with used the thinwalled composite profile with top-hat cross-section, which is commonly used in the fuselage of passenger airplane. The methodology of simultaneous confrontation of the obtained results of critical loads by using approximation methods and using the linear eigenvalue solution in numerical analysis demonstrates the originality of the research character. Presented results and the methodology are intended for researchers, who are concerned with the topic of loss of stability of thin-walled composite structures.

11

Experimental modal analysis of the turbine blade

Witek L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

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2016

|

z. 88 [293], nr 4

371--378

EN

In this paper the results of an experimental modal analysis of the turbine blade were presented. Investigations were made using the electrodynamic vibration system. As the results of analysis, the resonant frequencies of the blade were performed. The results of experimental investigations are dependent on many parameters of vibration system defined before the start of the test. In the first part of this study the influence of the frequency sweep rate on values of blade resonant frequency was investigated. In the next part of the work the effect of excitation intensity on value of the blade vibration amplitude was investigated. The stiffness of the grip used for fixation of the blade to the movable shaker head can have a large influence on the results of an experimental modal analysis. The fir tree slots of the blade were compressed in the grip using a special screw with fine thread. In the last part of the work the influence of the torque used for screw home on results of the modal analysis of the blade was examined. As the results of performed investigations the final conclusions were formulated.

PL

Praca przedstawia wyniki eksperymentalnej analizy modalnej łopatki turbiny silnika lotniczego. Badania przeprowadzono za pomocą systemu wibracyjnego. Jako wyniki przedstawiono analizę modalną i częstotliwości rezonansowych łopatki turbiny. Uzyskane rezultaty badań eksperymentalnych są zależne od wielu czynników definiowanych na wstępie testu. W pierwszej części pracy określono wpływ prędkości przemiatania oraz intensywności wymuszenia na wartość częstotliwości rezonansowej łopatki turbiny. W następnej części pracy badano wpływ intensywności wymuszenia na wartość amplitudy wibracji łopatki. Jednym z istotnych parametrów mających wpływ na częstotliwości rezonansowe uzyskane w badaniach doświadczalnych jest sztywność uchwytu służącego do zamocowania łopatki do głowicy wzbudnika. Połączenie jodełkowe łopatki zostało utwierdzone przez docisk realizowany za pomocą śruby z gwintem drobnozwojnym, zapewniającym uzyskanie dużych sił docisku przy ograniczonej wartości momentu dokręcenia. W ostatniej pracy określono także wpływ momentu dokręcenia śruby dociskowej na wartości uzyskanych częstotliwości rezonansowych łopatki. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań sformułowano wnioski końcowe.

12

Kruszywa regionu warmińsko-mazurskiego rozwiązaniem dla drogownictwa

Ciak N., Ciak M. J., Dyka I.

Przegląd Budowlany

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2016

|

R. 87, nr 6

34--36

PL

W artykule zwrócono uwagę na rosnący deficyt kruszywa łamanego ze skał litych. Deficyt oraz koszty transportu tego typu kruszyw z południa Polski w znacznym stopniu utrudniają realizację znaczących inwestycji regionu Warmii i Mazur, zwłaszcza w drogownictwie. W oparciu o wyniki badań przeprowadzonych przez autorów oraz rezultaty badań publikowanych autorzy wykazują, że kruszywa naturalne z kopalń woj. warmińsko-mazurskiego spełniają wymagania stawiane kruszywom drogowym i popierają ich zastosowanie w elementach konstrukcji nawierzchni. Zwracają także uwagę na możliwość zmniejszenie nakładów finansowych przy realizacji takich inwestycji w regionie Warmii i Mazur.

EN

The article notes the fact that an expanding deficit appears, when it comes to the crushed-stone aggregate created with the use of rocks. Deficit and costs of transport pertaining to such aggregate, with shipments being sent from the southern part of Poland, make it significantly more difficult to implement relevant investments in the Warmian-Masurian region, especially when it comes to the road infrastructure. On the basis of the results of the research carried out by the authors, and the results of the research which had been already published, the researchers make an attempt at proving that natural aggregate coming from the mines located in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship meet the requirements defined for the road-building aggregate. The authors endorse application of the said aggregate in the works related to creation of new road surfaces. The Article also stresses the possible reduction of the financial expenditure, when such investments are realized in the Warmian-Masurian region.

13

The analysis of thermocouple time constants as a function of fluid velocity

Majdak M., Jaremkiewicz M.

Measurement Automation Monitoring

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2016

|

Vol. 62, No. 9

284--287

EN

In steady-state conditions when the fluid temperature is constant, there is no damping and time lag so the temperature measurement can be performed with a high accuracy. But when the fluid temperature is varying rapidly as during the start-up, quite appreciable differences occur between the exact and measured temperature because of the time required for the transfer of heat to the thermocouple placed inside a thermometer pocket. The temperature of the fluid is one of the key parameters affecting the proper operation of thermodynamic cycles, so the precise determination of its value is very important. The speed of the response of control systems to a temperature change is closely related to the time constant of the used thermocouples. The paper presents a significant impact of fluid velocity changes (in this case air) on the value of time constants of thermometers. For this purpose, the experimental study was carried out using sheathed thermometers with different diameters and hot junctions. The time constants determined for various thermometers are compared.

14

Influence of engine rotational speed on the natural frequencies of the turbine blade

Witek L.

Journal of KONES

|

2016

|

Vol. 23, No. 1

421--428

EN

In this work, the influence of the engine rotational speed on the natural frequencies of the turbine blade was investigated. In first part of the work the experimental modal analysis of the blade were made using the vibration system. The investigated blade was fixed to the movable head of the shaker. The blade amplitude was measured using the piezoelectric accelerometers. As results of experimental modal analysis, the resonant frequencies for first three modes of vibration were determined. In the next step of the work, the numerical models of the blades with different size of the finite elements were performed in order to check the convergence of the numerical solution. For each models the natural frequencies were determined for the non-rotated blade. The numerical results were next compared to the results of experimental modal analysis. After this comparison, one model only was selected for the further computations. In the last part of the work, the complex multi-steps analysis was performed in order to investigate the influence of turbine rotational speed on the modes and natural frequencies of the blade. Obtained results are important from both the research and also the practical point of view and have an influence on reliability of the engine.

15

An analysis of thermo-magnetic convection of paramagnetic fluid in rectangular enclosure

Kraszewska A., Pyrda Ł.

Acta Innovations

|

2016

|

no. 18

5--13

EN

The thermo-magnetic convection of paramagnetic fluid in a strong magnetic field is studied. The fluid is aqueous solution of glycerol with gadolinium nitrate hexahydrate. Experimental enclosure – rectangular vessel with aspect ratio equal to 2 – was heated from the bottom, and cooled from the top. Temperature difference between top and bottom walls was kept constant ΔT=5K. The magnetic induction was increased stepwise from 1 to 10 [T]. On the basis of temperature measurements, analysis of heat transfer and fluid flow were performed, showing that magnetic field strongly enhance heat transfer (over 300%) and that aspect ratio of the enclosure has a great influence on heat exchange in the system.

16

Analiza wpływu średnicy bębna na prędkości charakterystyczne dla wypełnienia stanowiącego ziarno peluszki

Skoczkowska K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Mechanika / Politechnika Opolska

|

2015

|

z. 105

197-200

EN

The research include information about impact size of the drum for behaviour of the bed. Research carry out for 5 various degree of the drum filling range from 15 to 35%. Analyzed data of the experimental and estimated results shows difference. The biggest distinction noticed for maximum velocity - 19,8 rpm (for drum with a diameter of 700 mm).

17

Analiza doświadczalna obróbki nagniataniem metodą NSNT

Dyl T.

Logistyka

|

2015

|

nr 3

1176--1183, CD 1

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano modelowanie analityczne eksperymentalne procesu nagniatania. Przeprowadzono badania modelowe nagniatania statycznego naporowo tocznego powierzchni walcowych zewnętrznych dla różnych rodzajów materiałów, dla stali niestopowych, stopowych nierdzewnych. Obróbka nagniataniem warstwy wierzchniej wałów napędowych (np. pomp wody morskiej) została przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem nagniataka krążkowego (NK-01). Istotnym zagadnieniem do rozwiązania podjętego problemu w artykule było uzyskanie odpowiedniej jakości technologicznej, a także ze względu na aspekt ekonomiczny wytwarzania i regeneracji części maszyn, zastosowanie obróbki nagniataniem w zamian za gładkościową obróbkę ścierną. W badaniach eksperymentalnych uzyskano w warstwie wierzchniej wzrost twardości i krzywą udziału materiałowego o kształcie wypukłym, co biorąc pod uwagę nośność powierzchni wpływać będzie bezpośrednio na jej odporność na zużycie ścierne i korozyjne.

EN

The paper was an analysis analytical experimental of the burnishing process. Modeling studies conducted burnishing process external cylindrical surfaces. Burnishing carried out for different types of materials for non-alloyed steels, stainless steels.Burnishing processing technology is proposed using burnisher discoid (NK-01) in order to give adequate operational characteristics of the shafts neck centrifugal pumps. An important issue to resolve in the article of the research was to obtain appropriate technological quality, and also because of the economic aspect of the production and regeneration of machine parts, burnishing applied in exchange for abrasive processing. In experimental studies were obtained in the surface layer increase in hardness and the Abbott-Firestone curve a convex shaped, which given load capacity of the surface will be directly affected by its resistance to wear and corrosion.

18

Doświadczalna analiza odkształceń przestrzennych belek żelbetowych z zastosowaniem skanera optycznego 3D

Goszczyńska B., Trąmpczyński W., Bacharz K., Bacharz M., Tworzewska J., Tworzewski P.

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

|

2014

|

R. 70, nr 3

156--159

PL

Do prowadzenia nieliniowych analiz konstrukcji żelbetowych jest niezbędne obliczanie sztywności i zależności moment–krzywizna elementów. Analiza ta wymaga licznych uproszczeń, gdyż sztywność silnie zależy od zarysowania elementu. Dlatego rozwiązania teoretyczne powinny być poddawane weryfikacji doświadczalnej. Przedstawiono możliwość prowadzenia weryfikacji z zastosowaniem skanera optycznego 3D.

EN

Calculation of the stiffness, or relation: the bending moment-curvature, of the reinforced concrete elements, is necessary to carry out the nonlinear analysis of structures. Because the rigidity of the element strongly depends on the level of cracking, such analysis requires a number of simplifying assumptions. Hence, the theoretical solutions have to be subjected to experimental verification. In the paper, the effective method to conduct such experimental verification, using optical scanner 3D, is shown.

19

Osobiste doświadczenia z architekturą strukturalną: od poszukiwania formy do projektowania „free form”

Majowiecki M

Architectus

|

2014

|

Nr 4(40)

79--92

PL

Artykuł prezentuje doświadczenie autora i jego osobiste poglądy na wyzwania, które wynikają z nowych trendów w projektowaniu – Free Form Design (FFD). W oparciu o uzyskane doświadczenie można było zidentyfikować zagrożenia dla systemu konstrukcyjnego, jakie niesie ze sobą nieskrępowane tworzenie formy architektonicznej. Implikuje to potrzebę rozszerzenia zakresu i zmiany standardowego podejścia w analizie konstrukcyjnej.

EN

The paper presents the author’s experience and his personal views on the challenges that arise from the new trend in design – Free Form Design (FFD). Based on the experience gained it was possible to identify the hazards that unfettered creation of architectural form poses for the structural system. This implies the need for extension of range and change of the standard approach in the structural analysis.

20

Analiza eksperymentalna sztywności złącz w drewniano-żelbetowych belkach zespolonych na podstawie drgań własnych

Czabak M., Perkowski Z.

Roczniki Inżynierii Budowlanej

|

2013

|

z. 13

71--74

EN

The article presents advantages offered by the modal analysis in diagnostics of wood-concrete composite beams. It enables estimating stiffness of a sheared connection between a wooden rib and concrete slab of beam and vertical stiffness of supports if the other mechanical properties of beam are known. The presented considerations are supported by the experimental results obtained for the full scale beam.