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1

High Power Laser Laboratory at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion : equipment and preliminary research

Zaraś-Szydłowska A., Badziak J., Rosiński M., Makowski J., Parys P., Piotrowski M., Ryć L., Wołowski J.

Nukleonika

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2015

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Vol. 60, No. 2

245--248

EN

The purpose of this paper is to present the newly-opened High Power Laser Laboratory (HPLL) at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM). This article describes the laser, the main laboratory accessories and the diagnostic instruments. We also present preliminary results of the first experiment on ion and X-ray generation from laser-produced plasma that has been already performed at the HPLL.

2

Overview of the application of laser - based techniques in plasma - wall interaction research program at IFPiLM

Kubkowska M., Gąsior P., Czarnecka A., Rosiński M., Wołowski J.

Nukleonika

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2012

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Vol. 57, No. 2

163-166

EN

The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the progress in the application of the laser-based techniques which has been achieved in the research in the field of plasma-wall interaction (PWI) at the Division of Laser-Produced Plasmas (DLPP), Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM, Warsaw, Poland) since 2005. The evolution of the experimental set-up which started in a simple configuration for the laser ablative co-deposit removal is presented with stress on the milestones which led to subsequent modifications, namely installation of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), fast HR (high resolution) CCDs, pulsed fiber-laser and the common triggering system.

3

Experimental results on advanced inertial fusion schemes obtained within the HiPER project

Batani D., Gizzi L. A., Koester P., Labate L., Honrubia J., Antonelli L., Morace A., Volpe L., Santos J. J., Schurtz G., Hulin S., Ribeyre X., Nicolai P., Vauzour B., Dorchies F., Nazarov W., Pasley J., Richetta M., Lancaster K., Spindloe Ch., Tolley M., Neely D., Kozlová M., Nejdl J., Rus B., Wołowski J., Badziak J.

Nukleonika

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2012

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Vol. 57, No. 1

3-10

EN

This paper presents the results of experiments conducted within the Work Package 10 (fusion experimental programme) of the HiPER project. The aim of these experiments was to study the physics relevant for advanced ignition schemes for inertial confinement fusion, i.e. the fast ignition and the shock ignition. Such schemes allow to achieve a higher fusion gain compared to the indirect drive approach adopted in the National Ignition Facility in United States, which is important for the future inertial fusion energy reactors and for realising the inertial fusion with smaller facilities.

4

Fast ion generation by a picosecond high-power laser

Badziak J., Parys P., Wołowski J., Hora H., Krasa J., Laska L., Rohlena K.

Optica Applicata

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2005

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Vol. 35, nr 1

5-22

EN

Recent progress in ultrashot-pulse high-power laser technology has resulted in the production of exstremely high light intensities aproaching 1020 W / cm2. The great non-linear forces generated by the laser pulse during its interaction with plasma can be used to accelerate electrons and ions to energies from hundreds of keV to hundreds of MeV over distances of only microns. This creates the prospect of construction of compact laser-based particle acceleraton rs and thier application in material science, medicine, nuclear physics, and inerial confinement fusion. In this paper, the results of our recent studies on fast ion generation in plasma produced by an intense 1-ps laser pulse, performed using the terawatt Nd:glass laser at Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) in Warsaw, are briefly reviewed. The properties of fast proton beams generated from thin foil targets of various structures as well as the heavy ion fluxes emitted from massive high-Z targets are discussed. The possibility of producing picosecond ion beams of ultrahigh ion current densities (1010 A/cm2 close to the target) is considered. The most important features of fast ion generation in the plasmas produced by ultrashort ( 1 ps ) and long ( 0.5 ns ) laser pulses are also compared.

5

Studies of ion fluxes emitted from picosecond and nanosecond laser-produced plasmas

Badziak J., Parys P., Wołowski J., Woryna E.

Journal of Technical Physics

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2004

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Vol. 45, no. 1

3-20

EN

Energetic ions emitted from plasmas produced by the interaction of intense laser pulses with solid targets are currently a subject of growing interest due to the possibility of unique applications in accelerator technology, nuclear physics, material science and medicine. Depending on the kind of application, different parameters of the ion fluxes are required, and various conditions of laser-target interaction must be considered. In this paper, selected results of our recent studies of ion emission from plasmas produced by laser pulses of duration from ~ 1 ps to ~ 1 ns and of intensities from 10^10 W/cm^2 to 10^17 W/cm^2 are reviewed. The characteristics of both heavy ion fluxes emitted from massive high-Z targets and proton beams generated from thin foil targets of various structures are presented. Some basic properties of ion fluxes produced in various experimental conditions are discussed. The effect of external magnetic field on the ion emission is demonstrated.

6

X-ray emission from high-intensity interaction of picosecond and subnanosecond laser pulses with solid targets

Badziak J., Jabłoński S., Makowski J., Parys P., Ryć L., Vankov A. B., Wołowski J., Woryna E., Juha L., Krása J.

Optica Applicata

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2002

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Vol. 32, nr 1-2

41-46

EN

The results of comparison of X-ray emission from plasmas produced by 1-ps and 0.5-ns laser pulses from massive and foil targets are reported. The measurements were performed for the soft (0.8-1.6 keV) and hard (4-30 keV) X-rays with the use of filtered p-i-n Si photodiodes at laser intensities of up to 1017 W/cm2 for ps pulses and up to 3 x 1014 W/cm2 for sub-ns ones. The effect of the laser pulse duration on the X-ray yields for various laser beam focal spots, laser pulse energies and atomic numbers of the targets were investigated.

7

Studies of plasma and craters produced by the interaction of high-energy sub-nanosecond laser with silver target

Woryna E., Badziak J., Parys P., Suchańska R., Wołowski J., Krása J., Láska L., Pfeifer M., Rohlena K., Ullschmied J.

Nukleonika

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2002

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Vol. 47, nr 4

147-150

EN

The results of measurements of microablation from a silver target irradiated by the high-power PALS laser system in Prague are presented. In this experiment the laser beam of energy of about 110 J in a 400 ps pulse was focused perpendicularly to the massive silver target. The target surface position was changed with respect to the focal spot of the laser beam in the range from -2.5 to 2.5 mm. A set of four ion collectors was used for plasma ion emission measurements. The effect of the laser pulse interaction with the target, i.e. craters and damages formed in the vicinity of the craters, were investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy methods. The characteristics of the crater were compared with the essential parameters of ion streams emitted from the plasma produced in the same laser shot.

8

Effect of a laser beam focus position on ion emission from plasmas produced by picosecond and sub-nanosecond laser pulses from solid targets.

Woryna E., Badziak J., Makowski J., Parys P., Wołowski J., Krasa J., Laska L., Rohlena K., Vankov A.B.

Optica Applicata

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2001

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Vol. 31, nr 4

791-798

EN

The dependences of parameters of laser-produced ion fluxes on the laser focus position with respect to the target surface for picosecond laser pulses are presented and compared with the ones for sub-nanosecond pulses at nearly the same densities of laser energy. The experiments were performed with the use of chirped-pulse-amplification Nd:glass laser system. Thick Au targets were irradiated by normally incident laser pulses. The maximum intensities of the focused laser beams were 8 * 10/sup 16/ and 2 * 10/sup 14/ W/cm/sup 2/ for ps and sub-ns laser pulses, respectively. The particle fluxes were analysed with the use of ion collectors and an electrostatic ion-energy analyser. The ion current densities and the charges carried by ions as well as the maximum and peak velocities of fast and thermal ion groups as a function of the focus position for ps and sub-ns pulses were determined.

9

Study of laser-produced plasma by means of ion diagnostics at the IPPLM, Warsaw.

Wołowski J.

Optica Applicata

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2000

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Vol. 30, nr 1

27-40

EN

This paper presents the experimental investigations and analysis of the phenomena in the high-Z plasma produced by a high power nanosecond laser beam with power density up to 10/sup 15/ W/cm/sup 2/. These studies were directed towards determination of collisional and anomalous processes occurring in such plasma as well as optimization of ion emission from the plasma for possible applications of the laser ion sources.

10

Laser-produced plasma for simulation of plasma jets propagation in geoplasma.

Wołowski J., Parys P., Woryna E., Zakharov Y.P., Orishich A.M., Eremin A.V.

Optica Applicata

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2000

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Vol. 30, nr 1

61-67

EN

This work presents the results concerning dynamics of laser-produced plasma streams from a flat target placed in a transverse magnetic field of B/sub 0/[left angle bracket]0.9 T which were obtained during joint experiments carried out at IPPLM. They include data about main stages of plasma-field interaction, creation of the diamagnetic cavity, plasma deceleration and heating, and transformation of kinetic energy into electromagnetic one. Institution

11

Laser ion sources for various applications.

Wołowski J., Parys P., Woryna E., Krasa J., Laska L., Rohlena K.

Optica Applicata

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2000

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Vol. 30, nr 1

69-82

EN

Presents the results of studies of ion emission from the high-Z plasma generated using short wavelength, short pulse lasers: Nd:glass laser at the IPPLM in Warsaw and iodine laser PERUN at the IP ASCR in Prague. These studies were motivated mainly by the laser-produced plasma applications as a heavy ion source for particle accelerators and for ion implantation. The properties of highly charged ion streams were investigated by ion diagnostic methods: ion collectors and a cylindrical electrostatic energy analyzer. The results proved the existence of highly charged ions with charges 2[right angle bracket]40 (measured z/sub max/=55 for Ta) and with energies of several MeV in a far expansion zone. Ion current densities higher than 20 mA/cm/sup 2/ at about 1 m from the target were demonstrated. Construction of an effective laser heavy ion source seems thus to be not a principal, but rather a technological problem. ECLISE experiment (ECR ion source coupled to a laser ion source for charge state enhancement) has been founded by INFN LNS in Catania and preliminary experiments have been carried out at the IPPLM in Warsaw, in order to confirm the beneficial effects of the axial magnetic field of the ECR ion source on the extraction of ions from the LIS, and to evaluate the ion energy, which is the critical parameter for the coupling process. Direct implantation of ions from laser produced plasma has been investigated using the PERUN laser system at the IP ASCR in Prague. Attention was devoted mainly to the properties of the ion streams from the laser-produced plasmas (Sn, Pb, Ag) as well as to the direct implantation of those ions into different materials.

12

High-intensity interaction of picosecond laser pulses with metal target.

Badziak J., Makowski J., Parys P., Ryć L., Wołowski J., Woryna E., Vankov A.

Optica Applicata

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2000

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Vol. 30, nr 1

83-92

EN

The results of experimental investigation of the interaction of picosecond light pulses with a Cu target at light intensities up to 3.10/sup 16/ W/cm/sup 2/ are presented and discussed. The experiment was performed with the use of a terawatt chirped-pulse-amplification Nd:glass laser and the apparatus for corpuscular (ion collectors, electrostatic ion energy analyser) and X-ray (p-i-n Si photodiode) diagnostics of laser-produced plasma. The charge spectra of ions emitted from a picosecond plasma as well as the energy-dependent (or intensity-dependent) characteristics of ion emission and soft X-ray yield are determined. The electron temperature and the average charge state of the plasma are evaluated as a function of light intensity.