Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The Perspectives on the Application of Biopolymers for a Sustainable Agriculture

Kończak Beata, Białowąs Małgorzata

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, nr 9

203--217

EN

One of the main challenges for modern agriculture is to seek methods for improvement of crop growth and quality which is based on the sustainable agriculture to provide the growing population with access to high-quality food. Controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) and slow-release fertilizers (SRF) are the answer to these challenges, as they constitute an alternative means of achieving higher agronomic efficiency relative to traditional fertilizers. The focus of this paper is to review the changes and trends regarding the CRF/SRF, with a particular focus on biopolymer-coated fertilizers, specifically sodium alginate as both the biopolymer for coating and a soil conditioner. The presented literature review reveals the promising prospects related to the necessity of developing fertilizers with a controlled/slow release of minerals, involving materials that provide the appropriate mineral release rate and which are characterized by properties ensuring a substantial reduction in the negative impact on the natural environment. This finds confirmation in the clear tendency for applying biodegradable materials, particularly originating from natural sources, which may become the appropriate materials used for fertilizer coating when considering the new requirements concerning environmental issues.

2

Stabilization of Expansive Soil Mixture Using Human Hair Fibre (Biopolymer)

Idoui Imane, Bekkouche Souhila Rehab, Benzaid Riad, Berdi Inas

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

|

2024

|

Vol. 34, no. 2

63--75

EN

Expansive soils sensitivity to volumetric change is one of the well-known challenges in the field of geotechnical engineering. Various attempts have been made by researchers to solve this problem. Current research presents the effect of human hair fibers on the behavior of expensive soils. A reconstituted soil of 80% kaolin as raw material and 20% bentonite with different percentages of human hair (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) was used. The microstructure of the formulations was characterized by studying the interactions between soil and human hair using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructure of the formulations was characterized by studying the interactions between soil and human hair using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, swelling parameters, compressibility and shear strength were also examined. The results of this study indicate that the inclusion of human hair fibers significantly improves the properties of the expansive soil mixture. These results open up new prospects for the stabilization of expansive soils.

3

Sustainable Approaches to Plastics

Frąckowiak Stanisław

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2023

|

Tom 25

128--140

EN

Environmental concern and awareness have led to the development of different sustainable approaches to reduce the environmental impact of waste plastics. A brief literature review was conducted to evaluate recent challenges and emerging ideas on this topic. The two most noticeable approaches identified here are the introduction of biodegradable polymers as replacements for conventional plastics and recycling post-consumer waste plastics. The sustainable approach protects the environment, reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

4

Effect of pH value on effectiveness of biopolymer-based treatment of bauxite mine slurry

Meng Jian Ping, Li Shanmei, Yan Rongtao, Wei Changfu

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2023

|

Vol. 59, iss. 3

art. no. 167949

EN

Effective dehydration and flocculation of mine slurries or sludge is important for nonferrous metal industries and environmental engineering. However, the mechanisms for the flocculation of slurry remain largely unclear. This paper presents the results of a series of flocculation tests, which was conducted on the slurry suspensions treated by xanthan gum (flocculant) at different pH values. It is shown that the settlement rate of mine slurry particles can be accelerated by adding xanthan gum, and the maximum sedimentation rate was obtained at a pH value of 5.9, and the final volume of flocs is significantly increased due to the addition of the flocculant. In addition, the settlement rates of xanthan gum-treated slurry suspensions at the pH values of 3, 5 and 7 decrease slightly compared with the reference slurry suspensions with pH=5.9, and the slurries remained stable as suspensions at the pH value of 9 and 11. The zeta potential measurement and SEM image analysis show that flocculation occurs primarily due to electrostatic attraction between slurry particles and the flocculants, and the bridging effect between the carboxylic groups in the side chains of xanthan gum molecule and the suspension particles.

5

Optical characteristics of Portulaca grandiflora-doped Cellulose using the spray pyrolysis technique

Alaridhee Tahseen, Obeed Mohammed T., Malk Fatima H., Dhahi Baheya A.

Opto-Electronics Review

|

2023

|

Vol. 31, No. 3

art. no. e146553

EN

Thin films were prepared based on cellulose polymer doped with different ratios of natural dye derived from Portulaca grandiflora concentrations. The polymer and natural dye were extracted from eco-friendly materials - the cell walls of millet husks and Portulaca grandiflora, respectively. The spray pyrolysis technique was applied to prepare thin film samples to control the film morphology and reduce the roughness of the surface. Optical microscope and Fourier transform infrared were used to analyse structural, morphological, and functional groups for all samples, respectively. The peak absorbance, extinction coefficient, optical bandgap, Urbach energy, and optical conductivity for the thin films were determined using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The results show an enhancement in the optical characteristics when the natural cellulose is doped with a dye. Doping cellulose with 5% P. grandiflora has led to a considerable reduction in the energy bandgap (to 1.95 eV), compared to the sample doped with 1%.

6

Extracellular activity of proteases from Yarrowia lipolytica IPS21 as a function of the carbon and nitrogen source

Wieczorek Dorota, Miśkiewicz Katarzyna, Gendaszewska Dorota, Pipiak Paulina, Lasoń-Rydel Magdalena, Sieczyńska Katarzyna, Ławińska Katarzyna

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

|

2023

|

Vol. 31, no. 5

66--74

EN

The yeast strain Yarrowia lipolytica IPS 21 was tested for its ability to produce the protease enzyme on analytically pure carbon sources as well as on waste carbon sources. It was confirmed that the yeast Y. lipolytica IPS21 can have a higher proteolytic activity in the presence of waste carbon sources in chrome-tanned leather shavings (CTLS) than on yeast extract alone. This is confirmed by the high concentration of amino acids in samples with CTLS, suggesting increased degradation of CTLS by Y. lipolytica or secretion of proteases into the medium. It was also confirmed that metals accumulate mainly in the biomass and not in the supernatant. The biomass was also found to contain high levels of Ca, K and P, which are essential for plant growth. These results show that Y. lipolytica strain IPS21 can be used for the production of extracellular alkaline proteases and for the degradation of protein waste.

7

Mechanical behavior of polysaccharide based biopolymer synthesized from the seed kernel of tamarindus indica L

Sultana Shahin, Alom Shahnawaz, Eti Shamima Akhter, Rony Farzana Khan

Advances in Materials Science

|

2023

|

Vol. 23, nr 1(75)

58--68

EN

Biopolymer carboxymethyl tamarind seed kernel polysaccharide (CMTSP) was synthesized by the reaction of tamarind kernel powder (TKP) of Tamarindus indica L. with monochloroacetic acid by an improved method. The synthesis was conducted in presence of sodium hydroxide at optimized conditions of time, temperature, concentrations of TKP, MA, sodium hydroxide. Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) was also extracted from TKP by boiling distilled water. The chemical structure of TKP, TSP and CMTSP were analyzed by the ATR-FTIR. When TKP, TSP, and CMTSP's comparative physico-mechanical properties were examined and compared, CMTSP performed better due to increase in viscosity, water solubility and tensile properties.

8

Laccase Immobilization on Biopolymer Carriers – Preliminary Studies

Deska Małgorzata, Kończak Beata

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 4

235--249

EN

This preliminary studies concerns preparation of biopolymer carriers for immobilization of laccase from Trametes versicolor, based on sodium alginate, chitosan and on a combined alginate-chitosan biopolymers as well as the evaluation of their potential use in the decolourization process. The study is related to the assessment the using of various carriers in the immobilization methods of laccase. The dropping method using sodium alginate (2%) proved to be the most effective technique of enzyme immobilization. The study showed an improvement in the stability of immobilized laccases under the conditions of variable pH, relative to a free laccase. A loss in the stability of enzymes in alginate beads occurs at high temperatures, together with enzyme leaching and degradation. Enzyme leaching from the beads inhibits their preliminary low-temperature drying. Immobilization and drying of obtained capsules constitutes a promising method for improving enzyme stability. The results obtained as part of this study offer a valuable contribution to the future research on the possibility of using the prepared alginate beads to remove colour contamination from wastewater.

9

Collagen and Keratin as a Components of Hydrogels

Wieczorek Dorota, Słubik Anna, Masłowska-Lipowicz Iwona, Gendaszewska Dorota, Ławińska Katarzyna

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

|

2022

|

Vol. 30, no. 3

61--69

EN

Smart hydrogels, or stimuli-responsive hydrogels, can and should play an important role as excellent drug carriers. These three-dimensional structure materials are composed of crosslinked hydrophilic polymer chains that are able to dramatically change their volume and other properties in response to environmental stimuli, such as pH, temperature and solvent changes. The main goal of individual research projects was the development of new hydrogels based on polypeptides. These hybrid materials are crosslinked hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing large amounts of water, saline or physiological solutions. Superabsorbent hydrogels based on natural materials are non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Unfortunately, their mechanical properties in the swollen state are weak. In this article, we present a review of literature on the synthesis of smart hydrogels based on keratin or collagen with synthetic materials.

10

Nanocellulose from agricultural waste as an emerging nanotechnology material for nanotechnology applications – an overview

Abdullah Nur Athirah, Rani Mohd Saiful Asmal, Mohammad Masita, Sainorudin Muhammad Hanif, Asim Nilofar, Yaakob Zahira, Razali Halim, Emdadi Zeynab

Polimery

|

2021

|

T. 66, nr 3

157--168

EN

It has been shown that in the last decades nanotechnology plays a key role not only in science but more and more of ten in industry as well. Recent research has shown that agricultural waste is a possible feedstock to produce nanocellulose which can be used for diff erent applications, such as a biosensor, semiconductor and reinforcing agent. The use of agro-waste as a precursor not only off ers advantages for raw material costs, but also for the climate, low processing costs, availability and convenience. It also helps to address environmental issues, such as illness, foul odor and concerns with indoor use. Diff erent processes, such as chemical treatment, mechanical treatment and chemo-mechanical treatment, have been used to extract nanocellulose from agro-waste. This article highlights the latest technologies used to acquire agro-waste nanocellulose, as well as existing advances in and applications of nanocellulose technologies.

PL

W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach nanotechnologia odgrywa kluczową rolę nie tylko w nauce, ale coraz częściej także w przemyśle. Wyniki prowadzonych badań wskazują, że odpady rolnicze mogą stanowić potencjalny surowiec do produkcji nanocelulozy. Wiadomo, że nanoceluloza jest doskonałym materiałem do różnych zastosowań, m.in. jako biosensor, półprzewodnik i czynnik wzmacniający – włókna. Wykorzystanie agroodpadów jako surowca jest korzystne nie tylko ze względu na ich cenę, ale także ze względu na potencjalnie niewielki wpływ na klimat, niskie koszty i łatwość przetwarzania oraz dostępność. Niweluje również możliwe problemy wynikające z emisji nieprzyjemnych zapachów i ich negatywnego wpływu na zdrowie organizmów żywych. Do ekstrakcji nanocelulozy z agroodpadów stosuje się procesy obróbki chemicznej, obróbki mechanicznej i obróbki chemiczno-mechanicznej. Przedstawiono najnowsze technologie wykorzystywane do pozyskiwania nanocelulozy zagroodpadów, a także dotychczasowe postępy i zastosowania technologii zużyciem nanocelulozy.

11

Antimicrobial sustainable biopolymers for biomedical plastics applications – an overview

Razak Nur Syifaa, Mohamed Rahmah

Polimery

|

2021

|

T. 66, nr 11-12

574--583

EN

The Covid-19 pandemic has increased the need for personal protective equipment (PPE), especially for medical personnel: face masks, full protective clothing, gloves and goggles. To date, they are usually made of thermoplastic polymers, such as polypropylene (PP). To reduce the risk of secondary infections it is essential to enhance the antimicrobial (especially antibacterial and antiviral) properties of the materials used in PPE. There are some attempts to modify materials by, for example, silver nanoparticles or zinc oxides. The increasing demand for personal protective equipment, mostly masks, leads to an increase of environmental problem of non-biodegradable wastes. Therefore some researches on use of safer for user’s health sustainable antimicrobial and biodegradable biopolymer fibers, such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) or poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), have been done. These biopolymers and their properties are discussed in this article.

PL

Pandemia Covid-19 zwiększyła zapotrzebowanie na środki ochrony osobistej (PPE), zwłaszcza dla personelu medycznego. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim maseczek, ale również odzieży ochronnej, rękawic, czy gogli. Obecnie wykonuje się je najczęściej z termoplastycznych polimerów, np. polipropylenu (PP). W celu poprawy właściwości przeciwbakteryjnych i przeciwwirusowych stosowanych materiałów, dokonuje się prób modyfikacji ich za pomocą np. nanocząstek srebra lub tlenków cynku. Zwiększenie zapotrzebowania na środki ochrony osobistej, zwłaszcza na maseczki, prowadzi do zwiększenia ilości odpadów, w dużej mierze nie biodegradowalnych. W celu rozwiązania tego problemu oraz poprawy właściwości przeciwbakteryjnych i przeciwwirusowych materiałów z użyciem bezpieczniejszych dla zdrowia użytkowników substancji, prowadzi się badania nad wykorzystaniem włókien z biopolimerów, takich jak celuloza, skrobia, chitozan, poli(kwas mlekowy) (PLA) lub poli(kwas glikolowy) (PGA). Właściwości antybakteryjne i antywirusowe, a także zagadnienia biodegradowalności tych biopolimerów, zostały omówione w niniejszym artykule.

12

Development of Biochemically Enhanced Oil Recovery Technology for Oil Fields – A Review

Devi Kamalakshi, Bhagobaty Ranjan Kumar

Nafta-Gaz

|

2021

|

R. 77, nr 2

63--74

EN

Crude oil, a major source of energy, is being exploited as a driver of the economy throughout the world. Being a limited resource, the price of crude oil increases constantly and the exploitation of mature reservoirs becomes essential in order to meet the ever-increasing energy demands. As conventional recovery methods are not sufficient to fulfil the growing needs, there is an incessant demand for developing new technologies which can help in efficient tertiary recovery in old reservoirs. Petroleum biotechnology has been emerging as a branch that can provide solutions to major problems in the oil industry, including increasing oil production from marginal oil wells. The enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method comprises four methods – chemical, thermal, miscible, and immiscible gas flooding – as well as microbial interference to increase recovery of the remaining hydrocarbons trapped in reservoir rocks. Biochemically enhanced oil recovery comprises an array of blooming technologies for tertiary oil recovery methods which is eco-friendly, cost-effective, and efficient in extracting the residual oil trapped in reservoir rocks. Biochemical enhanced oil recovery (BcEOR) is based on the principle of using biochemical by-products produced by microbial species to enhance oil recovery, etc. All these technologies work on the principles of reducing viscosity, increasing permeability, modifying solid surfaces, emulsifying through adherence to hydrocarbons, and lowering interfacial tension. BcEOR technologies either employ the beneficial microorganism itself or the biochemical by-products produced by the microbial species to enhance tertiary oil recovery. This review paper discusses the chronological development of biologically enhanced oil recovery and its various mechanisms.

PL

Ropa naftowa jest wykorzystywana na całym świecie jako główne źródło energii. Ze względu na ograniczone zasoby ropy naftowej jej cena stale rośnie, a eksploatacja ze złóż dojrzałych staje się niezbędna do zaspokojenia ciągle zwiększającego się zapotrzebowania na energię. Ponieważ konwencjonalne metody wydobycia nie wystarczają do zaspokojenia coraz większych potrzeb, istnieje nieustanne zapotrzebowanie na rozwój nowych technologii, które mogą pomóc w efektywnym wspomaganiu wydobycia ze starych złóż metodami trzecimi. Ostatnio biotechnologia naftowa staje się gałęzią, która dostarcza rozwiązań dotyczących głównych problemów przemysłu naftowego, w tym zwiększenia wydobycia ropy z brzeżnych odwiertów ropnych. Wspomaganie wydobycia ropy naftowej (EOR) obejmuje cztery rodzaje metod: chemiczne, termiczne, tzw. mieszające i niemieszające wypieranie ropy gazem, a także oddziaływanie mikrobiologiczne w celu zwiększenia wydobycia węglowodorów uwięzionych w skałach złożowych. Biochemiczne metody wspomagania wydobycia ropy naftowej to szereg rozwijających się technologii dla trzecich metod wspomagania wydobycia, które są przyjazne dla środowiska, racjonalne pod względem kosztów i efektywne, jeżeli chodzi o wydobycie ropy rezydualnej uwięzionej w skałach złożowych. Biochemiczne wspomaganie wydobycia ropy naftowej (BcEOR) oparte jest na zasadzie, zgodnie z którą biochemiczne produkty uboczne wytwarzane przez gatunki drobnoustrojów są wykorzystywane do wspomagania wydobycia ropy naftowej itp. Wszystkie te technologie działają na takich zasadach jak: zmniejszenie lepkości, zwiększenie przepuszczalności, modyfikacja powierzchni ciał stałych, emulgowanie poprzez adhezję do węglowodorów, obniżenie napięcia międzyfazowego. Technologie BcEOR albo wykorzystują pożyteczny mikroorganizm jako taki, albo wykorzystują biochemiczne produkty uboczne wytwarzane przez gatunki drobnoustrojów w trzecich metodach wspomagania wydobycia ropy naftowej. W niniejszym artykule przeglądowym omówiono chronologiczny rozwój biologicznych metod wspomagania wydobycia ropy naftowej i ich różne mechanizmy.

13

Study of the Fermentation Conditions of the Bacillus Cereus Strain ARY73 to Produce Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from Glucose

Yasin Akram R., Al-Mayaly Ithar K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 8

41--53

EN

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained much attention as biodegradable polymers, many efforts are being made to minimize the cost of PHAs by finding cheap carbon source depending on the type of microorganism and fermentation conditions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of different glucose concentrations and other important conditions on the PHA production by Bacillus cereus isolated from soil. Polyhydroxyalkanoates PHAs accumulated by soil microorganisms were examined by screening the isolated bacteria using Sudan B Black and Nile Blue staining process. A Gram positive strain was identified using the 16s rRNA gene, deposited in the NCBI GenBank sequence database. Different growth conditions (favorite glucose concentrations 1-8 % (w/v), temperatures and pH) were tested and the growth parameters (sugar consumption, cell counting and Cell Dry Weight CDW) were studied. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer followed by a GC-MS analysis. The pure bacterial strain isolated from soil was deposited in the NCBI GenBank database B. cereus strain ARY73, which showed significant black colored granules (or dark blue) using Sudan B Black stain, it also showed positive to Nile blue A as a high indicator stain for PHA accumulation. B. cereus ARY73 showed high production of PHA using (w/v): 2% glucose and 1% nitrogen source at 35 °C and pH7 yields 79% per Cell Dry Weight and 96 h of incubation. The extracted polymers were analyzed and characterized using an FTIR spectrophotometer confirming the PHA structure. The FTIR spectrophotometer, followed by a GC-MS analysis indicated the Scl-co-mcl PHA structure. This research demonstrates that the isolated strain B. cereus ARY73 was a good candidate for PHA production with a better quality for use in biomedical and other applications. The use of biopolymer in soil, enhanced the accumulation of the microorganisms (such as bacteria) capable of degrading biopolymer or biodegradation by-products yields by other species which were isolated in this study and demonstrated their efficiency in producing biopolymers.

14

The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers

Gumowska Aneta, Kowaluk Grzegorz

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

|

2021

|

No. 116

78--85

EN

The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the method of applying the biopolymer on the surface of bonding solid wood elements on the quality of the obtained adhesive connection. The results of conducted mechanical research show that the highest average value of shear strength was observed for birch lamellas bonded with PLA, both with the first and second method of application. In case of estimating the quality of the bonding of wooden elements, better results were achieved for PLA and the second method of application the "green" adhesive.

15

Wpływ dodatku biopolimerów na wybrane właściwości zapraw cementowych

Sybis Marta, Konował Emilia

Przegląd Budowlany

|

2020

|

R. 91, nr 9

39--43

PL

W ostatnich latach obserwuje się stale rosnące zainteresowanie zastępowaniem materiałów syntetycznych produktami wytworzonymi na bazie związków „zielonych”, tzn. przyjaznych ekologicznie. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, mające na celu określenie wpływu domieszek w postaci odpadowych biopolimerów, tj. związków naturalnych, całkowicie biodegradowalnych, na wybrane właściwości zapraw cementowych. Celem przeprowadzonych eksperymentów było określenie konsystencji świeżych zapraw oraz zbadanie wpływu użytych domieszek na wytrzymałość zapraw cementowych. Wykazano, że na konsystencję zaprawy, jak również na wytrzymałość mechaniczną próbek z zapraw cementowych, wpływ ma zarówno pochodzenie biologiczne biopolimeru, stopień jego modyfikacji, czyli rodzaj wprowadzonych grup funkcyjnych, jak i długość łańcucha polimerowego.

EN

In recent years, the interest in replacing of synthetic products with materials based on, so called, “green ingredients”, i.e. an eco-friendly, has been growing rapidly. This article presents the results of the studies to determine the effect of admixtures in the form of waste biopolymers, i.e. natural compounds that are completely biodegradable, on selected properties of cement mortars. The aim of the study was to determine the consistency of fresh mortar and the impact of admixtures used on the cement mortars strength. It has been shown that both the consistency of the mortar and the mechanical strength of cement mortar samples are influenced by biological origin of the biopolymer, degree of modification, i.e. the type of introduced functional groups, as well as the length of the polymer chain.

16

Electrical properties of sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose reinforced sugar palm starch nanocomposites

Hazrol M. D., Sapuan S. M., Ilyas R. A., Othman M. L., Sherwani S. F. K.

Polimery

|

2020

|

T. 65, nr 5

363--372

EN

In this study, the effect of sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose (SPNCC) loading (0.00–0.10 wt %) on the electrical resistance, resistivity, and conductivity of SPS/SPNCC (SPS – sugar palm starch) nanocomposite films were evaluated. The experiments were conducted using the four-probe method and Ohm’s law, resistivity and conductivity equations were utilized to obtain the electrical properties. The results revealed that the resistivity values of SPS/SPNCC films were found to be in the range of 3.1 · 102 to 1.5 · 104 (Ω · cm).

PL

Oceniono wpływ dodatku nanokrystalicznej celulozy otrzymanej z palmy cukrowej (SPNCC) (0,00–0,10% mas.) na rezystancję elektryczną, rezystywność i przewodnictwo folii wytworzonych z nanokompozytów (SPS/SPNCC) na bazie skrobi z palmy cukrowej (SPS). Badania przeprowadzono metodą czterosondową z zastosowaniem prawa Ohma; właściwości elektryczne określono na podstawie równań rezystywności i przewodności. Stwierdzono, że wartość rezystywności folii SPS/SPNCC mieści się w zakresie konduktywności od 3,1 · 102 do 1,5 · 104 (Ω · cm).

17

Self-ordered cellulose nanocrystals and microscopic investigations

Castro-Guerrero C. F., Morales-Cepeda A. B., Díaz-Guillén M. R., Delgado-Arroyo F., López-González F. A.

Materials Science Poland

|

2020

|

Vol. 38, No. 4

613--618

EN

Cellulose nanocrystals were extracted from cotton. The cellulose nanocrystals made a self-assembly structure when dried under slow conditions, as it was revealed by the characterization made to the material. The AFM images of the nanocrystals showed that they had a changing local orientation, pointing in a preferred direction that underwent a periodic change. This periodic change resembles the orientation of a chiral nematic phase. The TEM images showed that the nanocrystals had a rod-like appearance with average length size of 98.5 nm and a diameter of 4.7 nm. The TEM characterization showed the nanocrystals with more details than AFM. In this paper, the self-assembling of CNC was observed by AFM, and further investigations were done by TEM, deconvoluting the process of CNC nanorods aggregation.

18

Bonding of sawmill birch wood with selected biopolymer-based glues

Kowaluk Grzegorz, Wronka Anita

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

|

2020

|

No. 109

32--36

EN

Bonding of sawmill birch wood with selected biopolymer-based glues. The aim of the research was to determine the shear strength and in-wood damage share of birch lamellas with the surface shaped by rotary saw cutting and bonded with the use of selected biopolymers, such as gelatine, caseine, gluten and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), as a reference bonding material. The results show that the highest shear strength was achieved in case of PVAc glue used as a binder. From the tested group of biopolymers, a gelatine/acetic acid mixture gave the highest strength.

19

Biopolymers in wood-based materials – a recent review

Gumowska Aneta, Kowaluk Grzegorz

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

|

2020

|

No. 110

25--34

EN

Biopolymers in wood-based materials – a recent review. The aim of the paper was to summarize the current state-of-art in the field of biopolymers application in the composites based on lignocellulosic raw materials. The cited literature show, in research and experiments, how promising the green composites market becomes. Biocomposites are becoming more interesting and promising alternative to commonly used petropolymers, which have a negative impact on health and the environment.

PL

Biopolimery w materiałach drewnopochodnych – najnowszy przegląd. Celem pracy było podsumowanie aktualnego stanu wiedzy w zakresie zastosowania biopolimerów w kompozytach opartych na surowcach lignocelulozowych. Cytowana literatura pokazuje, w badaniach i eksperymentach, jak obiecujący staje się rynek „zielonych kompozytów”. Biokompozyty stają się ciekawszą i obiecującą alternatywą dla powszechnie stosowanych petropolimerów, które mają negatywny wpływ na zdrowie i środowisko.

20

Alginiany jako sorbenty w procesach usuwania radionuklidów z rozcieńczonych roztworów wodnych

Oszczak-Nowińska Agata, Fuks Leon

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2019

|

T. 98, nr 10

1659--1661

PL

Przeprowadzono syntezę sferycznych alginianów wapnia, strontu i baru. Zbadano podstawowe właściwości fizykochemiczne tych sorbentów oraz określono ich zdolność sorpcyjną, a także możliwości ich użycia do usuwania radionuklidów Am-241, Eu-152, Sr-85 i Cs-137 z rozcieńczonych roztworów wodnych. W celu określenia zdolności sorpcyjnej alginianów wyznaczono współczynniki dekontaminacji oczyszczanych roztworów oraz wartości współczynników podziału Kd. Stwierdzono, że zdolność sorpcyjna alginianów nie zależy w sposób istotny od kationu metalu żelującego sorbent alginianowy, ale zależy od wartości ładunku sorbowanego kationu radionuklidu.

EN

Spheric Ca, Sr and Ba alginate sorbents were prepd. and used for removal of Am-241, Eu-152, Sr-85 and Cs-137 nuclides from their aq. solns. The sorbability was detd. as decontamination factors and distribution coeffs. The sorbability did not depend on alginate sorbent-gelling cations but increased with increasing the charge of the radionuclide sorbed.