This study aimed to analyse how professional firefighters of the State Fire Service in Poland experience and cope with stress, and to identify factors that facilitate or hinder their psychological adaptation after exposure to traumatic events. The research problem focused on answering the question: What coping strategies can be observed among State Fire Service officers, and which factors influence the effectiveness of their psychological adaptation following traumatic incidents? The study employed a mixed-methods approach, including a review of relevant scientific literature and available institutional reports, as well as a survey of firefighters. The Mini-COPE inventory, adapted to the Polish context by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik, was used to assess the coping strategies applied by the participants. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of firefighters’ psychological functioning in situations of chronic and acute stress and highlight the importance of targeted preventive measures and support systems within operational services.
W artykule omówiono prawo nieliniowego pełzania oraz metody obliczania odkształceń po czasie t. Stworzono program komputerowy do generowania odkształceń i naprężeń w mimośrodowo ściskanych przekrojach elementów żelbetowych z uwzględnieniem pełzania. Zaimplementowano cztery metody oparte na nieliniowym prawie pełzania: krok po kroku (KK), efektywnego modułu (EM), średnich naprężeń (MS) i współczynnika wieku (WW). Dane wyjściowe obliczone przez program są wizualizowane za pomocą animowanego wykresu, a także tabeli wyników. Porównano wyniki obliczeń krzywizn w przekrojach otrzymane według różnych metod.
EN
The article discusses the law of nonlinear creep and the methods of calculating strain after time t. A computer program was developed to generate strain and stresses in eccentricity compressed sections of reinforced concrete elements, taking into account creep. Four methods based on the non-linear creep law were implemented: step by step (KK), effective modulus method (EM), mean stress method (MS) and age adjusted effective modulus method (WW). Output data calculated by the program are visualized with an animated graph as well as a table of results. The results of curvature calculations in sections obtained by different methods were compared.
W pracy opisano autorską metodę obliczania nośności żelbetowych słupów uzwojonych o przekroju kołowym, której założenia są niesprzeczne z przepisami Eurokodu 2. Porównano wyniki obliczeń uzyskane opracowanym algorytmem z wynikami otrzymanymi z badań. Stwierdzono, że wyniki uzyskane zaproponowaną metodą są średnio na poziomie 92-95% nośności uzyskanej z badań.
EN
The paper describes the author’s method for calculation of load bearing capacity confined columns with circular cross-section, the assumptions of which do not contradict the provisions of Eurocode 2. The results of calculations obtained by the developed algorithm are compared with the results obtained from tests. It was found that the results obtained by the proposed method are on average 92-95% of the load capacity obtained from tests.
Celem artykułu jest porównanie wyników obliczeń długości zakotwienia prętów zbrojeniowych w betonie wg Eurokodu PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008 z wynikami obliczeń wg Eurokodu PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05. Przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń długości zakotwienia dla prętów rozciąganych i ściskanych o różnych średnicach oraz dla różnych klas betonu, przy dobrych lub słabych warunkach przyczepności. Ogólnie można stwierdzić, że przy kotwieniu prętów prostych obliczeniowa długość zakotwienia wg normy PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008 jest większa lub równa obliczeniowej długości zakotwienia wg normy PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05. Natomiast przy kotwieniu prętów z hakami obliczeniowa długość zakotwienia wg normy PN EN 1992-1-1:2008 jest mniejsza lub równa obliczeniowej długości zakotwienia wg normy PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05.
EN
The aim of this paper is to compare the results of calculations of the anchorage length of reinforcing bars in concrete according to Eurocode PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008 with the results obtained in accordance with Eurocode PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05. The results of anchorage length calculations are presented for tensioned and compressed reinforcing bars of various diameters and for different concrete strength classes, under good or poor bond conditions. In general, it can be concluded that for straight reinforcing bars the design anchorage length according to PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008 is greater than or equal to the design anchorage length according to PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05. In contrast, for hooked reinforcing bars the design anchorage length according to PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008 is less than or equal to the design anchorage length according to PN-EN 1992-1-1:2024-05.
Composite materials are widely used in the construction of means of transport, including aircraft and helicopters. By appropriately selecting components and combining them in appropriate proportions and in a specific way, it is possible to profile the composite material to an element that carries specific loads, while reducing the mass that is so important in aircraft structures. In addition, the dynamic development of composites, which has been taking place in recent years, brings increasingly new solutions in the field of production, diagnostics, repair technology, protection against external conditions, protection against the impact of chemical factors, maintenance, etc. The growing trust in composites is expressed by the growing ratio of the amount of composite materials to the total amount of materials used in aircraft structures. However, similar to other layered composites, sandwich composites are also very sensitive to impact loads, even with very low energy values. Various measures are taken to reduce this defect, e.g. by using protective layers. The authors of the article, aiming at reducing the impact load effect on layered structures, propose replacing the classic sandwich composite with a multi-core sandwich composite, hence the main objective of the research was to investigate and describe the effect of low-energy impact loads on a multi-layer sandwich composite with cores in the form of polyvinyl chloride foam and additional reinforcement inside the core. The manufactured multi-core samples were subjected to a static tensile test, impact tests and puncture resistance tests. As a result of the tests, it was found that composites with a core of higher density exhibit higher impact strength values both under both surface and edge loading. It can also be seen that permanent post-impact deformations are greater in the case of composites with a core of higher density foam. The composite with a core of lower density exhibits higher tensile strength. Additionally, it was noted that the use of two cores with internal reinforcement in the form of a laminate made of glass fabric results in significantly better protection of the opposite cover and an increase in the impact strength of the sandwich composite. Keywords: composite, sandwich, core, impact strength, stress.
W artykule przedstawiono analizę inicjatywy podjętej przez wykładowczynie Politechniki Gdańskiej, polegającej na dopuszczeniu własnoręcznie przygotowanych infografik (tzw. ściąg) podczas kolokwiów z matematyki. Celem badania było zrozumienie, w jaki sposób ta strategia wpływa na satysfakcję studentów, ich kondycję psychiczną oraz proces uczenia się. Wyniki ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród studentów pokazują, że możliwość korzystania z infografik znacząco obniża poziom lęku egzaminacyjnego i zwiększa pewność siebie podczas rozwiązywania zadań.
EN
The article examines an initiative introduced by lecturers at Gdańsk University of Technology, which allows students to use self-prepared infographics (cheat sheets) during mathematics tests. The aim of the study was to understand the impact of this strategy on student satisfaction, mental well-being, and the learning process. Survey data collected from students reveal that the opportunity to use infographics significantly reduces exam anxiety and increases self-confidence during the test.
Purpose: The utilitarian purpose of the study was to verify the level of stress among employees involved in logistics and freight forwarding management and the risk of their susceptibility to occupational burnout. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on empirical research using questionnaires to measure stress (PSS-10) and to measure occupational burnout (LBQ), so it is based on data obtained from a control research group and statistical analysis. This was made possible by a comparative analysis of the group from the logistics industry and blue-collar workers in the surveyed organizations. The subject area is freight management and work psychology. Findings: The article charts the high level of stress in the group of respondents on freight forwarding management and among logisticians, as they are professional groups at significant risk of burnout. The results are alarming, as they are pointing to very high levels of stress among logisticians and freight forwarders. Research limitations/implications: The research focused on the SME sector, specifically on small shipping and logistics companies, so the results may be specific to this sector, and the sample was relatively small, which is a kind of limitation that makes the research conducted exploratory and preliminary. In the future, it would be advisable to conduct a longitudinal study and increase the research sample to see how the research would be consistent across a larger group for different transport industry converters. Practical implications: The empirical results can provide valuable guidance for human resource management in the logistics industry. In this area it is worth introducing practical strategies and methods of stress management and it is also necessary to introduce new standards for the development of career paths and reskilling opportunities among employees, so as to effectively counteract the phenomenon of professional burnout. Originality/value: This is the first research that spars the level of stress in the context of the risk of burnout among representatives of the logistics industry is new. Previous ones have parsed these phenomena, without an explicit link.
Przedstawiono uproszczony model tkaniny Peirce’a oraz na podstawie dostępnej literatury opisano podstawowe naprężenia działające na tkaniny, takie jak przy rozciąganiu, zginaniu i ścinaniu. Uwaga została skupiona na współczynniku podatności tkanin na formowanie odzieży, który ma decydujący wpływ na jej układalność oraz dopasowanie do sylwetki człowieka. Wykazano również jak można zapobiegać trudnościom związanym ze złą podatnością na formowanie.
EN
A simplified Peirce fabric model is presented and the basic stresses acting on fabrics, such as in tension, bending and shear, are described based on the available literature. Attention was focused on the formability coefficient of fabrics, which has a decisive effect on the garment’s drapeability and fit the human figure. It is also shown how the difficulties associated with a poor fabric formability can be prevented.
This study investigates the influence of different finite element material modeling approaches on the mechanical response of a femoral bone segment under three-point bending. Four material variants, ranging from homogeneous isotropic to heterogeneous isotropic models, were analyzed to assess their impact on displacement and stress distribution. The results demonstrate that material heterogeneity significantly affects displacement magnitudes, with homogeneous models underestimating deformation compared to heterogeneous ones that better reflect cortical and cancellous bone properties. Stress distribution patterns were primarily governed by geometry and boundary conditions, though stress concentrations near supports were identified as potential numerical artifacts. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating bone heterogeneity and anisotropy in FEM for accurate biomechanical simulations. Future research should focus on advanced anisotropic modeling, nonlinear behavior, and physiologically relevant loading conditions to enhance predictive capabilities, particularly for clinical applications such as implant design and surgical planning.
PL
Niniejsze badanie analizuje wpływ różnych podejść o modelowania materiałowego w metodzie elementów skończonych (MES) na odpowiedź mechaniczną segmentu kości udowej poddanego próbie zginania trójpunktowego. Przeanalizowano cztery warianty materiałowe - od jednorodnych izotropowych po niejednorodne izotropowe - w celu oceny ich wpływu na przemieszczenia oraz rozkład naprężeń. Wyniki wykazały, że niejednorodność materiałowa znacząco wpływa na wielkość przemieszczeń. Modele jednorodne zaniżają wartości deformacji w porównaniu z modelami niejednorodnymi, które bardziej realistycznie odwzorowują właściwości kości korowej i gąbczastej. Rozkład naprężeń był głównie determinowany przez geometrię i warunki brzegowe, choć zidentyfikowano koncentracje naprężeń w pobliżu podpór jako potencjalne artefakty numeryczne. Uzyskane wyniki podkreślają znaczenie uwzględniania niejednorodności i anizotropii tkanki kostnej w MES dla dokładnych symulacji biomechanicznych. Przyszłe badania powinny koncentrować się na zaawansowanym modelowaniu anizotropowym, zachowaniu nieliniowym oraz fizjologicznie uzasadnionych warunkach obciążenia w celu zwiększenia możliwości predykcyjnych, szczególnie w zastosowaniach klinicznych, takich jak projektowanie implantów czy planowanie zabiegów chirurgicznych.
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W artykule przedstawiono część wyników prac badawczych wykonanych przez Łukasiewicz – Górnośląski Instytut Technologiczny w ramach projektu Huty Bankowa nr POIR.01.01.02-00-0143/16-00, mających na celu wyznaczenie sprężystego ugięcia na podstawie pomiarów sił nacisku na walce, odstępu między obudowami walców i sprężystych odkształceń stojaków po modernizacji klatek walcowniczych zespołu D-900. Oceniając wpływ występujących w trakcie walcowania dodatkowych naprężeń wniesionych na skutek oddziaływania siły nacisku na walce, stwierdzono, że skuteczny wzrost naprężeń w stojaku wynosi 13 MPa. Napięcie słupów klatki siłą 1,75 MN wywołuje ponad 2-krotnie większe naprężenia w słupach od naprężeń generowanych przez największe zmierzone siły nacisku na walce. Badanie szczeliny walców, polegające na pomiarze przemieszczeń obudowy walca dolnego względem obudowy walca górnego, wykazuje niewielkie zmiany szczeliny, dochodzące do około 0,04 mm. Taki zakres zmian szczeliny zapewnia uzyskanie stabilnych wymiarów walcowanego pasma w wąskich tolerancjach wymiarowych, potwierdza poprawność zastosowanego rozwiązania i skutecznego sprężenia klatek walcowniczych nakrętkami hydraulicznymi.
EN
The article presents part of the findings from research conducted by Łukasiewicz – GIT as part of Huta Bankowa project no. POIR.01.01.02-00-0143/16-00, aimed at determining elastic deflection based on measurements of pressing forces acting on rolls, the gap between roll housings and the elastic deformations of the stands following the revamping of the D-900 rolling mill stands. When assessing the effect of additional stresses taking place during the rolling process, resulting from pressing forces acting on rolls, it was found that the effective stress increase in the stand amounted to 13 MPa. An addition, loading the mill stand columns with a force of 1.75 MN generated more than twice the stress in the columns than the stresses induced by the highest measured pressing forces acting on the rolls. The examination of the roll gap, involving the measurement of the displacement of the lower roll housing relative to the upper roll housing, indicated slight variations in the gap (up to approximately 0.04 mm). The aforesaid range of gap size variation ensured the obtainment of stable dimensions of the rolled strip within narrow dimensional tolerances, confirming the correctness of the applied solution and the effectiveness of the rolling mill stand preloading using hydraulic nuts.
This study investigates the mechanical behaviour of solid and perforated plates with stiffening ribs through a systematic three-stage approach integrating simulation and experimental methods. Initial investigations focused on the formation of stiffeners, revealing that rupture ceased at a hole diameter of 10 mm, with maximum equivalent stresses reaching 275 MPa. Using ANSYS Workbench, we analysed the stress-strain state and stability characteristics, finding a critical load of 43 N for stability loss in the perforated plates. Experimental results indicated that a perforated plate deflected 10.35 mm under a load of 38.5 N, whereas a solid plate exhibited the same deflection under only 11.5 N, indicating a 70 % difference in load capacity. Additionally, the weight of the solid plate was measured at 92.8 grams, compared to 76.6 grams for the perforated plate, achieving a weight reduction of over 17 %. These findings highlight the superior structural performance and material efficiency of perforated plates with stiffening ribs. The study underscores the potential for optimizing engineering designs to enhance functionality and reduce material usage.
Cai Mep underground storage cavern was constructed at a depth of approximately 150 meters in hard rock in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, Vietnam. Geological analyses of the site were conducted by the Korean company HYOSUNG, which was also responsible for the construction. The site consists primarily of granite, present in various conditions, ranging from class 1 (very good condition) to class 5 (poor condition) on the RMR scale. The result of this paper estimates stress and displacements of surrounding rock and rock support of the (LPG) storage cavern by FEM analysis. The pattern of deformation, stress state, and distribution of plastic areas are analyzed by RocScience - RS2 software. The study result provides a reliable way to analyze the effect of Groundwater Flow in the (LPG) storage cavern and also will help to design or optimize the subsequent support.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań terenowych nawierzchni z betonu cementowego, wykonanych na krajowych drogach ekspresowych, na których wystąpiły różnorodne przedwczesne pęknięcia w czasie eksploatacji. Wykonane badania opierają się na ocenie stanu nawierzchni, nieniszczących pomiarach położenia dybli urządzeniem MiT-Scan2-BT oraz głębokości występowania pęknięcia poprzez odwiert próbki rdzeniowej. Pomiary poprzez odwiert w nawierzchni służyły również do kalibracji i walidacji z metodą nieniszczącą, wykorzystującą urządzenie MIRA A1040D 3D. Dzięki pomiarowi położenia dybli, możliwe było zastosowanie algorytmu obliczenia średnicy równoważnej do oceny potencjalnego wpływu położenia dybli na stwierdzone uszkodzenie. Analiza dokumentacji powykonawczej pozwoliła ustalić układ warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni drogowych, panujące warunki atmosferyczne oraz sposób, w jaki przebiegały prace. Ostatecznie ustalono prawdopodobne przyczyny wystąpienia przedwczesnych uszkodzeń nawierzchni.
EN
The paper presents the results of a field evaluation of Jointed Plain Portland Cement Concrete pavements made on the Polish expressways where various premature cracks have occurred during operation. The measurements were made based on an assessment of the pavement condition, non-destructive measurements of the dowel position with the MiT-Scan2-BT device, and the depth of the cracks according to the drilled core samples. The last measurements also served to calibrate and validate with the non-destructive method using the MIRA A1040D 3D device. By measuring the position of the dowels, it was possible to use an equivalent diameter calculation algorithm to assess the potential impact of the dowel position on the investigated damages. By analyzing the as-built documentation, it was possible to establish the layout of the road construction layers, the prevailing weather conditions, and how the work was carried out. Ultimately, the likely causes of premature pavement damage were determined.
Celem artykułu jest szczegółowa charakterystyka oszustw metodą „na legendę”, bazujących na psychologii i socjotechnice w wykonaniu oszustów oraz przedstawienie możliwych do upublicznienia metod przeciwdziałania oszustwom przez Bank. Artykuł podzielono na trzy części. W pierwszej części ukazano charakterystykę oszustw metodą „na legendę”. Część druga to szczegółowe przedstawienie najpopularniejszych z oszustw, z którymi autor spotyka się na co dzień w Banku Spółdzielczym, pracując na Stanowisku ds. Bezpieczeństwa. W trzeciej części przedstawiono działania banku, na rzecz przeciwdziałania zjawisku oszustw metodą „na legendę”. Skupiono się na przedstawieniu w ogólnym zarysie, opracowanego przez przedstawicieli banków, Policji oraz pracowników UKNF poradnika dla pracowników banku pt. „Dobre praktyki dotyczące postępowania w przypadku rozpoznania osoby dokonującej czynności bankowych w wyniku oszustwa metodą „na legendę” 1 oraz „Rekomendacji sektora bankowego, dotyczących przeciwdziałania transakcjom oszukańczym”2 , jednakże tylko w możliwym do przedstawienia publicznie zakresie (ze względu na wrażliwy po kątem publikacji charakter zagadnienia). Autor artykułu dokonał szczegółowej analizy dostępnych materiałów i publikacji dotyczących tematyki oszustw na legendę, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem socjotechniki i technik manipulacji człowiekiem.
EN
The purpose of this article is to detail the characteristics of “legend” fraud, based on psychology and socio-technology as performed by fraudsters, and to outline the Bank's possible methods of countering fraud. The article is divided into three parts. The first part shows the characteristics of „legend fraud”. The second part is a detailed presentation of the most popular of the scams that the author encounters on a daily basis at the Co-operative Bank, working at the Security Position. The third part presents the Bank's efforts to counter the phenomenon of „legend fraud” The focus was on presenting in general terms the guide for Bank employees, developed by representatives of Banks, the Police and employees of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, entitled ‘Good practices concerning in the case of recognition of a person performing banking activities as a result of fraud using the „legend” method’ and the “Recommendations of the banking sector concerning counteraction to fraudulent transactions’, however only to the extent possible to be presented to the public (due to the sensitive nature of the issue in terms of publication). The author of the article has made a detailed analysis of the available material and publications about legend fraud, with particular emphasis on social engineering and human manipulation techniques.
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Eksploatacja górnicza składników cementu/betonu napotyka czasem problemy powodowane procesami tektonicznymi i zagrożeniami wodnymi podczas wydobycia skał siarczanowych zawierających polihalit. Polihalit to uwodniony siarczan K-Mg-Ca o dużym znaczeniu gospodarczym, w tym także w przemyśle materiałów budowlanych. Z drugiej strony tradycyjne analizy tektoniczne na potrzeby prognozowania zjawisk sejsmicznych i wodnych często akcentują siły zewnętrzne i relaksację naprężeń indukowanych eksploatacją. Rzadko stawia się pytania o pierwotne, wewnętrzne pochodzenie tych sił. Potencjalna kumulacja naprężeń, wynikająca z wewnętrznych uwarunkowań geochemiczno-mineralogicznych [duże skale ściskania/rozciągania i ruchów mas] bywa pomijana. Uniwersalne podejście przedstawione tutaj dotyczy roli geochemicznie indukowanych zmian objętościowo-temperaturowych w połączeniu z postsedymentacyjną transformacją anhydrytu do polihalitu, co w oczywisty sposób implikuje istotne problemy przy wszelkich robotach górniczych prowadzonych w górotworach anhydrytowych. Taka 100% transformacja: a) zwiększa objętość komórek elementarnych o ok. +137,76%, b) jest egzotermiczna, c) podnosi ciśnienie, d) generuje naprężenia, e) wywołuje deformacje: ściskające wewnątrz i rozciągające na zewnątrz, f) prowadzi do wyniesień, g) skutkuje chaotycznymi wiekami K/Ar z rozbieżnościami rzędu milionów lat, h) może powodować sprzężone zagrożenia sejsmotektoniczne-wodne-H2S oraz pozorne osiadanie. Przekształcenia takie dają krytyczne implikacje dla ogólnego spojrzenia na siły tektoniczne i powstawanie złóż, dokumentowanie geologiczne i eksploatację, w szczególności w kontekście zagrożeń wodnych i stateczności podczas wydobycia oraz kwestii środowiskowych [osiadanie/deformacje, wstrząsy, reżim wodny/zanieczyszczenie/zasolenie, H₂S itd.]. Reakcje geochemiczne przyspieszone przez głębokie odwadnianie kopalni mogą prowadzić do szybkich [nawet dni/lata] geochemicznie niewielkich przejść objętościowych anhydryt → polihalit, które jednak skutkują zagrożeniami sejsmotektonicznymi, wodnymi i H₂S – zwłaszcza w systemach wydobywczych anhydryt-dolomit-halit. Odgrywają one kluczową rolę w kształtowaniu właściwości mechanicznych skał, ich deformacji i ruchów. Praca podkreśla potrzebę zintegrowanych analiz geochemicznych i strukturalnych, aby lepiej rozumieć te zjawiska i ograniczać związane z nimi ryzyka – od rozpoznania, przez eksploatację [ekonomia, bezpieczeństwo, zagrożenia wodno-solankowo-osiadaniowe], po geoinżynierię.
EN
Mining exploitation of cement/concrete components experience sometimes problems caused by tectonic process and water hazards during mining of polyhalite-bearing sulphate rocks. Polyhalite is a hydrated K-Mg-Ca sulphate mineral of high economic significance, including construction materials industry. On the other hand, traditional tectonic analyses for seismic/water events prediction, often emphasize external forces and mining-induced stress relaxation. They rarely arise questions on primary origin such forces. Potential cumulation of stress, resulted from internal geochemical-mineralogical origin of such forces, of large-scale compression/tension and mass-movement are often neglected. A universal, approach here concerns the role of geochemical control of volume-temperature variations combined with post-sedimentary transformation of anhydrite to polyhalite what apparently implicates substantial problems during any mining carried out in anhydrite bodies. Such 100% transformation: a) increase volume of elemental cells by c.a. +137,76 %, b) is exothermic, c) elevates pressure d) results stress, e) implicates deformations: compressive inside and tensile outside, f) forms elevations, g) results chaotic K/Ar ages with millions of years discrepancies, h) may result seismotectonic-water-H2S combined hazards and apparent subsidence. Such transformations have critical implications for general view in tectonic forces and formation of deposits, geological documentation and mining of them, particularly in addressing water, stability hazards during resource extraction and environmental issues [subsidence/deformations, earthquakes, water regime/pollution/salinisation, H2S etc]. The geochemical reactions, accelerated by deep-mine drainage activity, may result in fast [even days/years] geochemically negligible anhydrite-to-polyhalite volume-grow transitions, which however results in seismotectonic- water- and H2S-hazars, especially in anhydrite-dolomite-halite mining systems. They are pivotal in shaping mechanical properties of rocks and their deformations and movement. The study underscores the need for integrated geochemical and structural analyses to better understand these phenomena and mitigate associated risks from exploration to resource extraction [economy, safety, water-brine-subsidence environmental hazards] and geoengineering.
This study mainly analyzes the stress loading effect of current plastic damaged materials and investigates the stress changes during plastic material damage. The stress structure of the material is analyzed using D-SAP software and the finite element analysis. A new analysis system for plastic damage materials is established. The new system can analyze the damage stress and rigidity magnitude of plastic materials. These studies confirm that new system software can to some extent complete the analysis of stress loading effects on plastic damaged materials. The simulation curve of the software is basically consistent with the experimental values. When compared with traditional software for testing, the new software shows significantly better performance in simulating stress situations and accuracy compared to traditional analysis and simulation software. D-SAP and Digimat software show different deviations during testing. D-SAP has the smallest stress variation, while Digimat strain and stress testing has a larger deviation. In the stiffness test, the deviation between the two software is between 2.04% and 5.3%. In multi-axis pressure testing, D-SAP is consistent with the test values. Therefore, the software used in this study has a better effect on analyzing the stress loading effect of the material, and the deviation between the tested stress and stiffness is smaller. This provides a new direction for stress analysis of materials.
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This study explored the combined effects of using attapulgite (ATP) as a partial cement replacement and basalt fibers (BF) as reinforcement in the development of high-performance foam concrete (FC) with 100% pumice aggregate. The experimental program included preparing FC mixtures with ATP replacements at 10%, 20%, and 30% by cement weight, and adding BF at volume fractions of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%. Key properties assessed were fresh flowability, compressive and flexural strengths, stress–strain behavior, thermal conductivity, and durability under sulfate exposure and high temperatures. Findings revealed a synergistic effect between ATP and BF, leading to significant performance enhancements across various parameters. The mixture with 30% ATP and 0.5% BF exhibited the highest compressive strength, reaching 19.45 MPa at 28 days and 22.11 MPa at 90 days, indicating improvements of 129.3% and 85.3% over the reference mix, respectively. This combination also achieved the lowest sorptivity, improved thermal stability, and better sulfate resistance, making it highly suitable for structural applications in harsh environments. In addition, the mixture with 10% ATP and 0.5% BF demonstrated the lowest thermal conductivity, reducing heat transfer by 4.2% compared to the control, which is beneficial for thermal insulation in building materials. Microstructural analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that ATP’s pozzolanic reactivity led to a denser microstructure with stronger bonding, while BF effectively bridged micro-cracks, enhancing the FC matrix's durability. Overall, these results highlighted the potential of ATP and BF to significantly enhance FC’s mechanical, thermal, and durability properties, providing an eco-friendly solution with lower cement use and greater resilience to environmental stressors. This study contributes to sustainable construction technology by showcasing how ATP and BF can optimize FC performance, supporting its wider use in the construction industry.
Purpose: The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention designed to enhance motivation and competencies in job crafting, and to identify selected factors that may influence the outcomes. The study examined the extent to which participation in a one-day workshop would enhance levels of task crafting, relational crafting, and cognitive crafting, as well as verifying whether employees' engagement would increase, and perceived work- related stress would decrease. Design/methodology/approach: A quasi-experimental procedure was used to achieve a goal. The procedure includes several stages, one of which was participation in a one-day workshop. Sample size of the intervention group (with workshop) was n = 23 of administrative employees from a private higher education institution, and control group n = 21 employees from the same organisation with comparable job characteristics. Findings: The results showed that the level of job crafting is related to individual characteristics such as self-efficacy and proactive attitude. In contrast, it does not depend on job characteristics such as autonomy and skill variety. In the conducted studies, no positive effects of the workshop on employee well-being were confirmed; however, it was noted that the workshop might act as a buffer protecting against a decline in well-being due to organizational factors. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the research result from both the small size of the research sample and the narrow specialization of the surveyed employees. There is a need for research on other professional groups and in other sectors. Practical implications: Due to the pilot nature of the study and the limitations of the study mentioned above - no practical implications are identified. Originality/value: The research represents the first attempt in Poland to verify effects the of organizational intervention related to job crafting among administrative university employees.
Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify the feelings related to the development of automation, robotization and artificial intelligence, taking into account potential gender differences in the examined area. Design/methodology/approach: The goal was achieved by using theoretical analysis of the problem and empirical research. Empirical research was conducted in 2023 using an own survey in the Greater Poland Voivodeship among employees of various industries (n = 189). Findings: There are no significant differences between genders in feelings towards the development of artificial intelligence in the work environment. The results of the analysis of our own research did not confirm the fears and anxieties reported in the literature on the subject. Research limitations/implications: Due to the pilot study being conducted, certain limitations may be the small sample and the specificity of the industry and positions held (the study was conducted primarily on a group of so-called knowledge workers and administrative employees). Practical implications: Women feel a greater need for legal regulations regarding artificial intelligence than men, and they also show a more positive attitude towards the development of technology and artificial intelligence. It is worth using these conclusions when planning the implementation of new technologies in the company. Social implications: AI technology is developing at an unprecedented pace, opening up unlimited possibilities for people and significantly impacting their personal and professional lives. The lack of significant gender differences in the approach to modern technologies allows us to refute some gender stereotypes. Originality/value: While the issue of psychosocial occupational risks has been the subject of many studies and analyzes for years, the problem of gender differences in the discussed area constitutes a significant research gap.
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