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1

Zaawansowane technologie opracowywania szczepionek przeciwko chorobom zakaźnym

Ernst Andrzej

Kierunek Farmacja

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2025

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nr 1

52--54

PL

Nowoczesne platformy szczepionkowe wykorzystujące nanotechnologię, polimery i biomateriały otwierają nowe możliwości w profilaktyce chorób zakaźnych.

2

Zaawansowane technologie opracowywania szczepionek przeciwko chorobom zakaźnym szczepionki mRNA cz. 1

Ernst Andrzej

Kierunek Farmacja

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2024

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nr 4

58--62

PL

Nowo pojawiające się i powracające choroby zakaźne stanowią poważne zagrożenie dla globalnego zdrowia publicznego ze względu na ich zdolność do szybkiego przekształcania się w pandemie. Ratunkiem są tu szczepionki opracowywane przy użyciu zaawansowanych technologii.

3

The influence of inoculum source and pretreatment on the biohydrogen production in the dark fermentation process

Domińska Marlena, Paździor Katarzyna, Ślęzak Radosław, Ledakowicz Stanisław

Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

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2024

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Vol. 45, nr 2

art. no. e63

EN

The production of biohydrogen from food waste (FW) by dark fermentation (DF) is a promising technology for commercialisation, as it is both a clean fuel and a suitable means of sustainable waste management. The described experiments compared the biohydrogen production yields obtained after the use of inoculum from two different sources: digested sludge from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Lodz and sludge from the anaerobic treatment of dairy industry wastewater (DIW) (unconcentrated and double-concentrated). In addition, the effect of different temperatures (70, 90 and 121°C) of inoculum pretreatment on the biohydrogen production in DF was tested. The process was carried out batchwise at 37°C. The highest yield of hydrogen production was obtained after the inoculum pretreatment at 70°C. In addition, a higher amount of hydrogen could be obtained by using sludge from the WWTP as the inoculum (96 cm3 H2/gTVSFW) than unthickened sludge from the DIW (85 cm 3 H 2/g TVSFW). However, after thickening the sludge from the dairy industry, and at the same time balancing the dry matter of both sludges, the hydrogen production potential was comparable for bothsludges (for the WWTP sludge – 96 and for the DIW sludge – 93 cm 3 H 2/g TVSFW). The kinetics of hydrogen production was described by modified Gompertz equation, which showed a good fit (determination coefficient R2 between 0.909 and 0.999) to the experimental data.

4

COVID-19: Vaccine Hesitancy in Africa and the Way Forward

Omeiza Lukman Ahmed, Azad Abul Kalam, Kozak Kateryna, Mafo Abaniwo Rose, Mamudu Ukashat, Oseyemen Daniel Aikhonmu

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2022

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Vol. 17, nr 2

39--46

EN

COVID-19 pandemic took the world by storm in late 2019, scientists and health authorities across the globe struggle to contain the deadly virus. Socio-economic activities across the globe were partly halted as countries around the world introduce various forms of restrictions to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Most developing countries’ economies, especially in Africa, slid into recession, unemployment among Africa countries skyrocketed to an all-time high, and famine and starvation were beginning to knock harder on poorer nations around the world. The race to develop a vaccine was pressing harder; developed countries continue to pump more money to help develop a vaccine within the shortest period of time, as that seems the only viable solution to the economic downturn of the global world. Finally, vaccines were developed and proved to have high efficacy. This has helped reverse the negative trend of the global economy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This vaccine faced a lot of global scrutinies; people have refused to get vaccinated and have also rejected the idea of making COVID-19 vaccination compulsory for citizens worldwide. This study analyzes the challenges posed by this ugly trend of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in African countries, its socio-economic consequences and the way forward.

5

Prace Romana Nitscha z zakresu wścieklizny na tle rozwoju mikrobiologii jako dyscypliny medycznej na przełomie XIX i XX w.

Wasiewicz Barbara

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2022

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T. 67, nr 2

85--98

EN

Roman Franciszek Henryk Nitsch was born on September 5, 1873 in Podchybie. In 1899, he graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of the Jagiellonian University. Until 1915, he worked as an assistant in the Department of Hygiene of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, cooperating with Prof. Odon Bujwid. In 1915 he was nominated as an associate professor of hygiene and bacteriology. In 1920, he was appointed full professor of bacteriology at the University of Warsaw. For the rest of his life, he was associated with the research center in Warsaw. He died on 29 March 1943. Roman Nitsch’s scientific activity, which mainly involved his research on vaccination against rabies, is a significant contribution to the development of Polish medical microbiology. The analysis of Roman Nitsch’s scientific achievements proves that he was a continuator of Ludwik Pasteur’s and Odon Bujwid’s - his predecessor and teacher - research thought, as well as the author of pioneering works that shed new light on the world of microbes, which was then only gradually being discovered.

6

Innowacyjny sposób przechowywania szczepionek przeciw C0VID-19 w niskich temperaturach

Mizera Grzegorz

Chłodnictwo i Klimatyzacja

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2022

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nr 5

53--56

PL

Był to koniec roku 2020. Pandemia C0VID-19 rozprzestrzenia się na całym świecie. Pojawiła się zapowiedź, że firma Pfizer przygotowuje się do produkcji i dystrybucji szczepionek. Szczepionek nowej generacji, które wymagają podczas dystrybucji i przechowywania utrzymania ich w temperaturze -75°C (temperaturze sublimacji C02).

7

Regulacje prawne dotyczące ASF

Kasprzak Krzysztof

Przegląd Komunalny

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2020

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nr 5

75--78

PL

Dotychczasowe działania, o których więcej można przeczytać w pierwszej części artykułu opublikowanej w wydaniu kwietniowym, rozmaitych instytucji zaangażowanych w walkę z afrykańskim pomorem świń, niestety, nie zapobiegły rozprzestrzenianiu się wirusa ASF. W celu walki z chorobą należy przede wszystkim wdrożyć skuteczne przepisy prawne.

8

Prediction of binding peptides to class I Major Histocompatibility Complex using modified scoring matrices and data splitting strategies

Salem D. A., Seoud R. A. A., Kadah Y. M.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 36, no. 3

509--520

EN

Predicting peptides that can bind to MHC class I molecules is an important step in the vaccine design process. Computational approaches have potential to provide good predictive models that save both time and cost of the process. Position Specific Scoring Matrix (PSSM) is a reliable approach when dealing with amino acid sequences. PSSM formation involves carefully selecting its constructing data and parameters. In this work, we apply three different data splitting strategies and propose alternative values for the embedded PSSM parameters. The basic principle of data splitting is to choose train data that is able to represent the whole data. We propose using the Kennard–Stone algorithm to highlight the importance of choosing the data constituting the PSSM. Furthermore, this work proposes modifications to PSSM parameters and studies the model behavior in response to each change. The model is applied to experimental data for the Major Histocompatibility Complex of class I. Performance of modified parameters show either comparable or better results to conventional parameters. Moreover, Kennard–Stone data splitting algorithm contributed to significant model performance enhancement.

9

Zmiany liczebności wybranych grup drobnoustrojów glebowych oraz aktywności enzymatycznej w glebie inokulowanej efektywnymi mikroorganizmami (EM)

Kaczmarek Z., Wolna-Maruwka A., Jakubus M.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 53, nr 3

122-127

PL

Określono wpływ mikrobiologicznej szczepionki zawierającej Efektywne Mikroorganizmy (EM) na właściwości mikrobiologiczne oraz aktywność enzymatyczną gleby. Doświadczenie laboratoryjne przeprowadzono na próbkach gleby mineralnej o składzie granulometrycznym gliny lekkiej. Wyniki wskazują, że działanie szczepionki EM na drobnoustroje glebowe było zróżnicowane. Szczepionka wpływała pozytywnie na rozwój ogólnej liczby bakterii, grzybów, promieniowców i mikroorganizmów kopiotroficznych oraz hamowała namnażanie drobnoustrojów oligotroficznych. Ponadto, preparat działał pozytywnie na aktywność dehydrogenaz glebowych.

EN

The effect of microbiological inocula containing Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the microbiological properties and enzymatic activity of soil was determined. A laboratory experiment was carried out on mineral soil with the texture of sandy loam. The results obtained indicated differentiated effects of the EM inocula on tested soil microorganisms. The EM had a beneficial effect on the total bacteria number, actinomyces, fungi and copotrophic microorganisms and it inhibited multiplication of oligotrophic microorganisms. Moreover, inoculum positively affected on soil dehydrogenases activity.

10

The potential and pitfalls of exploiting nitrogen fixing bacteria in agricultural soils as a substitute for inorganic fertiliser

Cummings S. P., Humphry D. R., Santos S. R., Andrews M., James E. K.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2006

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Vol. 2, No. 1

1-10

EN

Nitrogen fixing bacteria have been used for centuries to improve the fertility of agricultural soils. Since the introduction of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertiliser that provides a reliable boost to crop yields whilst reducing land and labour requirements, the use of biological nitrogen fixation has been in decline. Recently, concerns have been expressed about the sustainability of inorganic N fertiliser application, however, there remain doubts about whether N2 fixing bacteria alone can provide agriculture with sufficient fixed N to feed a burgeoning global population. In this paper we review the current state of our knowledge regarding those diazotrophic bacteria that have a role to play in agriculture. We focus on our current areas of research, particularly, the importance of understanding the classification and mechanism of action of N2 fixing bacteria that are used in agricultural soils. We discuss the applications of N2 fixing bacteria that illustrate their potential to provide sustainable N, particularly focussing on Australian and South American agricultural systems where these bacteria are widely exploited to maintain soil fertility. We also identify problems with the use of bacteria as inoculants, including ineffective inoculation due to poor quality preparation, the use of appropriate isolates and issues with sustainability. We review the outlook for biological N fixation highlighting how molecular biology may enable the expression of N fixation in non-leguminous crops.