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1

Separation and physicochemical properties of residual carbon in gasification slag

Fan Xiaoting, Fan Panpan, Liu Xiaodong, Ren Zhenyang, Bao Weiren, Wang Jiancheng, Dong Lianping, Fan Minqiang

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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Vol. 58, iss. 6

art. no. 154928

EN

Gasification slag is the solid waste produced in the coal gasification process, and its treatment and disposal problems are becoming more and more serious. In this study, the gasification slag produced in a chemical base in northern China and its residual carbon obtained by gravity separation of water medium were taken as the research objects, and their physicochemical properties were analyzed comprehensively. The residual carbon products, ash-rich products and high-ash products were obtained from the gasification slag after gravity separation. Under the optimal structure, the ignition loss of residual carbon products was reduced from 79.80% to 16.84%, and the yield was 11.64%. The high content of amorphous carbon and developed pores in the residual carbon provide the possibility of manufacturing high value-added materials. Raman spectrum showed that the residual carbon had lower aromaticity, higher content of small and medium aromatic ring structures, lower structural stability and easier combustion. Thermogravimetric combustion kinetics showed that the average combustion rate of residual carbon was 0.325(dm/dt)mean/%•min−1, the comprehensive combustion characteristic index was 1.41•10−9%2•min−2•°C−3. It has excellent performance and can be used as a raw material for mixed combustion in a circulating fluidized bed. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of residual carbon is of great significance for follow-up exploration of the resource utilization and high-value utilization of the residual carbon.

2

Relationships between comminution and chemical, petrographic and mineralogical properties of ores, and their effect on concentration

Deniz Vedat

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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Vol. 58, iss. 5

art. no. 149892

EN

Especially in terms of energy costs, data on chemical, petrographical, and mineralogical analyses of ores or minerals can provide very important information for their production in the desired size distribution. Therefore, suitable crushing and grinding machines can be selected, taking into account the data affecting the comminution such as grain size, texture, metamorphism, and mineral or element contents. However, in most mineral processing plants, these data are rarely used to understand the response of ores or minerals to comminution. Analysis of the relationships between the chemistry, petrography, and mineralogy of ores and the breakage mechanism during crushing or grinding has been the subject of researchers in the comminution field in recent years. This study is a review of studies done so far on the relationships between the comminution and the chemical, petrographic, and mineralogical properties of different ores and minerals, and their effect on concentration.

3

Wodór w chemii, chemia wodoru

Zawadzka Ewa, Brzeziński Henryk

Inżynieria Elektryczna

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2022

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nr 10

8--10

4

Wybrane właściwości chemiczne oleju z lnianki siewnej (Camelina sativa L.) suplementowanego naturalnymi dodatkami przeciwutleniającymi

Sagan Agnieszka, Krajewska Marta, Osmólska Emilia, Starek-Wójcicka Agnieszka

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2021

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T. 100, nr 10

935--938

PL

Przeprowadzono analizy chemiczne świeżo tłoczonego na zimno oleju z lnianki siewnej wzbogaconego naturalnymi dodatkami przeciwutleniającymi (rozmarynem, sumakiem, tymiankiem i pieprzem). Próbki olejów przechowywano, a następnie badano pod względem zaawansowania zmian hydrolitycznych (liczba kwasowa), zawartości pierwotnych produktów utlenienia (liczba nadtlenkowa) i stabilności oksydacyjnej w teście Rancimat. Aktywność przeciwutleniającą zastosowanych dodatków wyrażono za pomocą współczynnika ochronnego (WO). Wykazano, że rozmaryn i tymianek charakteryzowały się największą efektywnością przeciwutleniającą i przedłużyły trwałość oleju lniankowego, a suplementacja oleju sumakiem lub pieprzem czarnym nie wpłynęła na jego stabilność oksydacyjną.

XX

To the freshly cold-pressed camelina oil was added ground rosemary, sumac, thyme or pepper in an amt. of 1% by mass and stored for 1, 2 and 3 months. The oil samples were tested for acid no., peroxide no. and oxidative stability in the Rancimat test. The antioxidant activity of the additives used was expressed by the protective factor (WO). Rosemary and thyme showed the greatest antioxidant effectiveness and extended the life of the oil, while supplementing the oil with sumac or black pepper did not affect its oxidative stability.

5

Sandy Soil Reclamation Using Biochar and Clay-Rich Soil

Thi Diep Pham, Hang Nga Nguyen Thi, Viet On Tran, Van Loc Nguyen, Viet Anh Nguyen, Lan Phuong Dinh Thi, Van Nguyen Vu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 6

26--35

EN

The investigations on the effects of biochar application in improving the physio-chemical properties of soil have been carried out in many studies; however, there are very few studies on the combined use of both biochar and clay-rich soil for poor nutrient soil reclamation. Therefore, this study demonstrates improved water retention and nutrient retention of sandy soil by using biochar and biochar combined with clay-rich soil. The experiments were conducted on a small scale (greenhouse) with nine different application rates of biochar and clay-rich soil were mixed and then cultivated peanut, along with the drip irrigation technique using field moisture limit (about 70-80%) was applied under the condition of ensuring a sufficient supply of NPK for plant’s growth. The results showed that at the rates from 10.0-15.0% (w/w) clay-rich soil mixed with from 0.5-1.5% (w/w) of biochar applied to the tested sandy soil resulted in the positive effects on soil water holding, bulk density, permeability, pH, CEC, OM, total N, total P and peanut yield. The physical and chemical characteristics of the tested sandy soil have been improved by time and the application rate of 10.0% clay-rich soil and 0.5% biochar had the highest efficiency of pod fresh weight and pod dry weight during three studied seasons.

6

Characterization of Physical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Sri Lankan Coir Fibers

Dharmaratne Prasad Dhammika, Galabada Harsha, Jayasinghe Randika, Nilmini Renuka, Halwatura Rangika Umesh

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 6

55--65

EN

This study was carried out to determine the characterization of brown coir fiber which is used as a potential reinforcement in polymer composites. The fiber is extracted from the husk of the coconut seeds which are collected in Sri Lanka. Anyhow the above-mentioned characterization can hardly be seen when it comes to the Sri Lankan context. Since the evaluation of their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties are significant before commencing the material development process and applications for this fiber. Several testing were carried out to evaluate the above-mentioned properties. There, the functional groups of coir fiber were obtained by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis and Crystallinity Index and Crystallite size were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology and cross-sectional features were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscopy. The thermo-gravimetric method was adopted to study the thermal stability of coir fiber. The density and diameter of coir fiber were measured utilizing pychometric method and optical microscope respectively. Tensile strength was measured using an electronic tensometer and then find out the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and elongation at breaking point. The average density of brown coir fibers was 1.018 g/cm3 and average diameters were 0.30 mm. The Crystallinity Index and the crystal-line size were 37.28% and 0.4331 nm respectively. Ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and Elongation of the coir fiber were ranging from 94–159 MPa, 1.2–1.8 GPa, and 21–67%, respectively.

7

Backfill of a Mined-Out Gold Ore Deposit with the Cemented Rubber-Cord and Waste Rock Paste: Environmental Changes in Aqueous Media

Danilov Alexander, Korelskiy Denis, Matveeva Vera, Horttanainen Mika

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 7

190--203

EN

Assessment of the dynamics of changes in the physical and chemical properties and morphological composition of the filling mixture as well as the identification of the elements capable of migrating into the environment is an important part of assessing the environmental efficiency of such an environmental measure during the filling of mined-out space of an ore deposit. During scientific research, the environmental safety mined-out space filling technology at the gold ore deposit by the mixture of rock waste, cement and crushed car tires was investigated. The authors carried out a set of laboratory studies and created a physical model of groundwater infiltration. Under laboratory conditions, this model allowed the experiment to evaluate the migration of elements and substances from the filling mixture into the environment to assess the risks of secondary pollution. The potential hazard of element migration from the backfill mixture into the environment was determined as a result of testing the backfill mixture on a bench with washing using the model solution that emits drainage water. During research, it was revealed that under the conditions of an ore deposit, the filling mixture components transformation would not lead to hazardous hydrochemical and hydrogeochemical areas or pollution stream formation.

8

Wpływ dodatków przeciwutleniających na wybrane właściwości chemiczne oleju z nasion maku tłoczonego na zimno

Blicharz-Kania Agata, Pecyna Anna, Andrejko Dariusz, Sagan Agnieszka, Zdybel Beata, Kobus Zbigniew

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 1

109--112

PL

Przedstawiono wybrane właściwości chemiczne oleju tłoczonego na zimno z dwóch odmian maku: niebieskiego i białego. Zbadano wpływ dodatku kurkumy i rozmarynu na zmiany parametrów określających jakość otrzymanego oleju: liczby kwasowej (LK), liczby nadtlenkowej (LN) i stabilności oksydacyjnej. Dodatek naturalnych przeciwutleniaczy, takich jak rozmaryn i kurkuma wydłuża trwałość oleju, pozwala spowolnić proces hydrolizy tłuszczu w oleju z nasion maku oraz wydłuża czas indukcji badanych olejów.

EN

Cold-pressed white and blue poppy seed oils were improved by the addn. of rosemary or turmeric herbs (1% by mass). The oils were stored at 10 ± 1°C for 14 days, studied for acid index (AN), peroxide value (PN) and oxidative stability and compared with the corresponding values of the unmodified oils. The storage of oils with both additives resulted in a decrease in AN and PN values as well as improved their oxidative stability.

9

Preparation of ternary (35 – x)Sb2O3–xBi2O3–65P2O5 glasses for lead-free glass application

Li Yu-Ting, Zhang Jing-Jing, Wang Zhi-Qiang, Xu Fei-Long, Lin Hai

Materials Science Poland

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2020

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Vol. 38, No. 1

28--33

EN

Glasses composed of ternary components (35 – x)Sb2O3–x Bi2O3–65P2O5 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 20 mol%) have been prepared and investigated as a potential alternative to lead-free glass for low temperature applications. Their structural properties were studied by Infrared Spectroscopy IR and Differential Thermal Analysis DTA. Results from the IR showed that Sb3+ and Bi3+ were responsible for glass network structure, which was supported by the diversification of density ρ and molar volume Vm with an increasing amount of Bi2O3. Glass transition temperature Tg, thermal stability, and coefficient of thermal expansion increased after substitution of Bi2O3 for Sb2O3 within the range of 0 mol% to 20 mol%. The water durability decreased and then increased; it could be attributed to the corrosion resistant P–O–Sb bonds. A typical sample of 25Sb2O3–10Bi2O3–65P2O5 possesses excellent properties and can be a promising candidate for further applications.

10

Properties of de-icing agents for use on paved airfield pavements after their expiration dates

Rumak Aleksandra, Kowalska Danuta, Kowalewska Agata

Journal of KONBiN

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2020

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Vol. 50, iss. 1

391--405

EN

The NO-17-A205:2017 "Airfield maintenance in winter. Use of de-icers. Requirements and tests" Military Standard is applicable at Polish Armed Forces airports in the process of winter maintenance of airport pavements, both in the process of supplying airports with de-icing agents based on acetates and formates, as in testing, acceptance and control of de-icing agents based on formates, acetates and urea. After the expiration date of product, the tests specified in NO-17-A205:2017 shall be repeated. Purpose of the research is to determine physico-chemical properties changes of de-icing agents applied on artificial airfield pavements, after its expiration dates. The results of research on physical and chemical parameters of de-icing agents obtained at the stage of delivery and after its expiration dates have been given. The tests included determination of appearance, density, refractive index and pH value measurement, as well as checking the freezing point temperature and, in the case of deicing agents in form of granulate, checking the granules size distribution. The requirements and test methods for deicing agents in accordance with NO-17-A205:2017 are also presented. In case of parameters changes, recommendations regarding further use of these agents shall be made. Positive tests results shall be the basis for extending the shelf life of de-icing products for the next winter season.

11

Migration of Hazardous Components of Municipal Landfill Leachates into the Environment

Popovych Vasyl, Telak Jerzy, Telak Oksana, Malovanyy Myroslav, Yakovchuk Roman, Popovych Nataliya

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 1

52--62

EN

The research on the physical and chemical properties of landfill leachates and migration of its hazardous components into hydrosphere and biosphere is a current problem in the global context. The object of the research is landscape-changing factors of the Lviv municipal landfill (Ukraine). It was defined that the largest part of oil products accumulates in the leachates at the south-western side of the landfill (23.6 mg/dm3) and it is 2.36 times higher than the value of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) (10 mg/dm3); the most saline leachates with chlorides and sulfites are those accumulating at the foot and at the northwestern side; the phosphate content of the investigated leachate samples was the highest at the foot of the landfill and amounted to 12.8 mg/dm3, which exceeds the MPC (10 mg/dm3) by 1.28 times; high concentration of ammonium nitride was discovered in the leachates at the foot (76.1 mg/dm3) and at the northwestern side (46.3 mg/dm3), which exceeds the MPC (30 mg/dm3) by 2.53 and 1.54 times, respectively; the highest indicators of total iron are typical for basins nearby (at the foot – 68.2 mg/dm3, at the northwestern side – 56.3 mg/dm3) and exceed the MPC norms (2.5 mg/dm3) by 27.28 and 22.52 times, respectively. According to certain indicators, the content of hazardous components in the leachates, which accumulate at the foot and at the northwestern side, exceeds the MPC and is several times higher than in the natural basins at the distance of 800 and 1200 m.

12

Chemiczne właściwości oleju z nasion jabłek tłoczonego na zimno

Krajewska Marta, Szmigielski Marek, Andrejko Dariusz, Szczepanik Małgorzata, Kuna-Broniowska Izabela

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2019

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T. 98, nr 5

761--763

PL

Poddano analizie olej tłoczony na zimno z nasion dwu odmian jabłek. W nasionach oznaczono wilgotność oraz zawartość tłuszczu. Średnia zawartość wody i tłuszczu w nasionach wynosiła odpowiednio 8,08 i 8,38%. Otrzymany olej oceniano pod względem stopnia hydrolizy (LK), pierwotnego stopnia utlenienia (LN) oraz stabilności oksydacyjnej w teście Rancimat. Badany olej charakteryzował się wysoką wartością liczby kwasowej, przekraczającą dopuszczalną normę dla olejów tłoczonych na zimno, ale spełniał normę jakościową pod względem liczby nadtlenkowej. Czas indukcji oleju wynosił 3,31 h. Pod względem składu i zawartości kwasów tłuszczowych oleje z nasion jabłek charakteryzowały się wysoką zawartością nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (oleinowego 40% i linolowego 50%). Badane oleje mogą stanowić wartościowy dodatek do żywności w mieszance z innymi olejami roślinnymi lub mogą być wykorzystane jako substrat do produkcji substytutu oleju napędowego (FAME).

EN

Seeds from varieties of apples (jonagold and idared) were analyzed for moisture and fat contents (the mean values 8.08% and 8.38% by mass, resp.). The seeds were coldpressed to oils. An acid value, primary oxidn. degree, oxidative stability and fatty acid content in the oils were detd. (the mean values 4.19 mg/g, 6.23 mmol/kg, and 3.31 h, resp.). Oils from both apple varieties showed very similar contents of mono- and polyunsatd. acids (about 40% and 50%, resp.).

13

Comparison of Chemical Properties of Peats under Different Land Uses in South Sumatra, Indonesia

Armanto M. Edi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 5

184--192

EN

The research aimed at comparing the chemical properties of peats under different land uses in peats dome of the catchment area of the Sibumbung River and the Komering River in Pedamaran Sub-Districts, OKI South Sumatra, Indonesia. The research was conducted in January 2019 and used a Randomized Complete Block Design with two blocks and five natural treatments namely swamp grass, bush swamp, peat forest, oil palm, and intercropping between oil palm and pineapple. Most of the chemical properties of peats at the depth of 30-50 cm showed no changes due to the effects of land uses and drainage; however, there were significant differences with the peat depth of 5-15 cm. Decreasing organic C, exchangeable Al, Al saturation and soluble Fe on the cultivated peats were significantly different compared with the uncultivated peats. An increase in the available P, K, pH, CEC and base saturation on the cultivated peats were found and differed significantly on test level 5% compared with the uncultivated peats due to the application of ameliorant materials. The total N and C/N values were not significantly different. Most of the chemical properties of peats were decreased by the depth of peats. Soil ameliorant materials would change the buffering system of the peats to neutralize soil acidity and the pH increase.

14

Analiza właściwości chemicznych i energetycznych wierzby wiciowej do przemysłowego spalania

Niemczuk B., Nieoczym A., Caban J., Marczuk A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2018

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T. 97, nr 1

44--48

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań energetycznych właściwości poszczególnych odcinków łodyg wierzby wiciowej. Badania przeprowadzono w Laboratorium Odnawialnych Źródeł Energii w Państwowej Wyższej Szkole Zawodowej w Zamościu na 3-letnich pędach wierzby pozyskanej z plantacji w Płoskiem koło Zamościa. W łodygach wierzby podzielonych na odcinki o długości 1 m oznaczono podstawowe parametry energetyczne: zawartość wilgoci, popiołu, części lotnych, siarki, wodoru, azotu i węgla oraz ciepło spalania.

EN

Stems of 3-year old energy willow (4 m) were portioned into 1 m length sections and then dried at room temp., shredded to less than 2 mm pieces and studied for moisture, ash, volatile substances, S, H and C contents. Heat of combustion in biomass samples was also detd. Mean values of tested parameters changed slightly for samples taken from different parts of stems and they were smaller than the literature values of the parameters for hard coal.

15

Przystosowanie mocy palnika retortowego do obciążenia cieplnego kotła wodnego poprzez zastosowanie pierścienia regulacyjnego

Orszulik E.

Wiadomości Górnicze

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2017

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R. 68, nr 5

238--245

PL

Badania dotyczyły prawidłowego doboru palnika retortowego do kotła wodnego. W Polsce na szerokim rynku producentów kotłów istnieje również wielu producentów palników do tych kotłów. Konstrukcje palników retortowych charakteryzują się szerokim zakresem mocy i nie są dostosowane do konstrukcji mocy kotła producenta. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań cieplnych i emisyjnych uzyskanych w procesie spalania węgla kamiennego sortymentu groszek w kotłach wodnych z odpowiednio przystosowanym palnikiem retortowym. Na podstawie badań uzyskano sposób odpowiedniego skonfigurowania palnika retortowego do mocy nominalnej kotła grzewczego. Badania miały na celu wskazanie możliwych do uzyskania klas granicznych wartości emisji oraz efektywności procesu spalania. Badania potwierdziły uzyskanie zadowalających wartości emisji do powietrza atmosferycznego pyłu, tlenku węgla i łączną zawartość węglowodorów (OGC) oraz możliwość zastosowania typoszeregów palników retortowych do odpowiedniego kotła grzewczego. Zakres prac badawczych obejmował: – określenie właściwości fizycznych i chemicznych użytych do badań mieszanek palnych wytworzonych na bazie węgli kamiennych z mułów i miałów z węgli kamiennych, – badania emisji substancji pyłowych i gazowych emitowanych do powietrza atmosferycznego w czasie procesu spalania mieszanek wytworzonych na bazie węgli kamiennych z mułów i miałów z węgli kamiennych w testowanym kotle wodnym c.o. z obciążeniem 100 %, – pomiary cieplne, tj. ilość uzyskanego ciepła z procesu spalania mieszanek palnych wytworzonych na bazie węgli kamiennych z mułów i miałów z węgli kamiennych w kotle wodnym c.o. z obciążeniem 100 %, – określenie sprawności energetycznej kotła wodnego c.o. w czasie spalania mieszanek palnych wytworzonych na bazie węgli kamiennych z mułów i miałów z węgli kamiennych z obciążeniem 100 %, – badania żużla i popiołu otrzymanego z procesu spalania mieszanek wytworzonych na bazie węgli kamiennych z mułów i miałów z węgli kamiennych w kotle wodnym c.o. z obciążeniem 100 %, określenie zawartości części palnych wytworzonych w żużlu i popiele.

EN

The research involved the correct selection of the retort burner for the water boiler. In Poland, on the broad market of boiler manufacturers, there are also many manufacturers of burners for these boilers. Retort burner designs are characterized by a wide power range and are not adjusted to the power output of the manufacturer's boiler. The article presents the results of thermal and emission tests obtained in the combustion process of the pea size coal in the in water boilers with appropriately adapted retort burner. On the basis of the research, a suitable way to configure the retort burner to the nominal power of the boiler has been obtained. The study was focused on identification of possible, obtainable emission boundary values and combustion efficiency. The study has confirmed the satisfactory emission values to atmospheric of dust, carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbons content (OGC) and the possibility of using a series of retort burners for the respective heating boiler. The scope of research works included: - determination of the physical and chemical properties of combustible mixture used for testing made on the basis of hard coals from slurries and hard coal fines, - examination of emissions of particulates and gases emitted to atmospheric air during the combustion process of mixtures made on the basis of hard coals from slurries and hard coal fines in the tested water boiler of central heating at 100 % load, - thermal measurements, i.e. the amount of heat obtained from the combustion process of combustible mixtures produced on the basis of hard coals from slurries and hard coal fines in the water boiler of central heating at 100 % load, - determination of the energy efficiency of the water boiler of central heating during the burning of combustible mixtures made on the basis of hard coals from slurries and hard coal fines at 100 % load, - investigation of slag and ash obtained from the combustion process of mixtures made on the basis of hard coals from slurries and hard cal fines in the water boiler of central heating at 100 % load; determination of combustible parts produced in the slag and ash.

16

Wpływ karnozolu oraz kwasów karnozolowego i rozmarynowego na właściwości chemiczne wybranych olejów tłoczonych na zimno

Krajewska M., Ślaska-Grzywna B., Szmigielski M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2017

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T. 96, nr 10

2060--2064

PL

Badano wpływ kwasu rozmarynowego (depsyd kwasów kawowego i α-hydroksydihydrokawowego) oraz innych fenolowych antyoksydantów występujących w rozmarynie na właściwości chemiczne oleju tłoczonego na zimno, pozyskanego z nasion rzepaku ozimego (Brassica napus L.) odmiany Adriana, rzeżuchy ogrodowej (Lepidium sativum L.) i czarnuszki siewnej (Nigella sativa L.). Oceny zmian zachodzących w próbach olejów przechowywanych w temp. 10±1°C przez 2-8 tygodni dokonano, oznaczając liczbę kwasową, liczbę nadtlenkową i czas indukcji. Stwierdzono, że rozmaryn wykazywał właściwości przeciwutleniające i skutecznie hamował zmiany oksydatywne zachodzące w trakcie przechowywania olejów. Ponadto wydłużał czas indukcji, zwiększając stabilność oksydatywną olejów.

EN

Winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cv. Adriana, garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds were cold-pressed to recover resp. oils. The oils were stored at 10°C for 8 weeks after addn. of dry or fresh rosmarin or rosmarin ext. and studied for acid and peroxide values and induction time. The addn. resulted in increasing both the acid and peroxide values and induction time during the storage. The oils met the quality requirements.

17

Technological and ecological safety in aspect of chemical properties of recycled neodymium magnets – electric motors and hard disk

Kapustka K., Ziegmann G., Klimecka-Tatar D.

Production Engineering Archives

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2017

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Vol. 17

37--40

EN

Neodymium magnets currently dominate the magnet market due to their superior magnetic properties with maximum volume minimization. In this paper, the results of X-ray analysis for two types of magnetic powder obtained from the recovered magnets traditionally used in electric motors and hard disk have been presented. The NdFeB magnets are composed of 25-35 wt.% rare earth elements (RE) and the rest being transition metals (mainly Fe.). RE, other than Nd, such Dy, Pr, Tb and Gd or exogen elements, other than Fe, such as Al, Co, Ga, Nb, Si, Cu and Zr can also be present as minor admixtures. This paper brings an opportunity to introduce the hard magnets recycling technology on an industrial scale.

18

Changes in selected chemical properties of soil under maize grown in monoculture for silage as a result of application of aftercrop, straw or natural fertilizers

Sulewska H., Ratajczak K., Niewiadomska A.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 62, nr 4

149--155

EN

Between 2005 and 2008 in Swadzim, on the fields of the Experimental and Didactic Station Gorzyń, a department of Poznań University of Life Sciences, the two one factor trials have been carried out on two soil complexes: rye and good wheat ones. The purpose of the study was to determine changes of selected chemical properties of soils under the influence of the use of natural fertilizers, straw or winter aftercrop under maize grown for silage in monoculture. It has been shown that the use of natural fertilizers, straw and intercrops of rye with winter vetch did not cause the changes in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium levels measured in spring and autumn in both soil classes. The significant effect of fertilization was obtained only in the carbon content of soil class IVb.

PL

W latach 2005-2008 w Swadzimiu, na polach Zakładu Doświadczalno-Dydaktycznego Gorzyń, należącego do Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu, przeprowadzono dwa jednoczynnikowe doświadczenia na dwóch kompleksach glebowych: żytnim i pszennym dobrym. Celem badań było określenie zmian wybranych właściwości chemicznych gleb pod wpływem stosowania nawozów naturalnych, słomy bądź poplonu ozimego pod kukurydzą uprawianą na kiszonkę w monokulturze. Wykazano, że stosowanie nawozów naturalnych, słomy oraz międzyplonu żyta z wyką ozimą nie przyczyniło się do zmian zawartości azotu, fosforu, potasu i magnezu oznaczanych wiosną i jesienią na obu klasach gleby. Istotny wpływ nawożenia uzyskano jedynie w zawartości węgla w glebie klasy IVb.

19

The possibilities of the environmental use of bottom sediments from the silted inlet zone of the Rożnów Reservoir

Tarnawski M., Baran A., Koniarz T., Wyrębek M., Grela J., Piszczek M., Koroluk A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2017

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Vol. 43, no. 4

335--344

EN

The aim of the study was to assess the properties of bottom sediments from the inlet zone of the Rożnów Reservoir (South Poland) and to analyse the potential possibilities to use them for environmental purposes. The inlet zone of the reservoir is particularly intensely shallowed by means of the silts of the Dunajec River. A total of 20 samples were collected from the designated cross-sections. In air-dry samples of the sediments, granulometric composition, pH electrolytic conductivity (EC), sorption properties, organic carbon carbonates and macroelements content were determined. Bottom sediments from the Rożnów Reservoir indicate a great potential possibility to use them for environmental purposes (agriculture, reclamation). However, in order to fully evaluate the possibility of bottom sediment management, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the ecological risk related to the content of heavy metals, PAHs, PCBs and to evaluate their eco-toxicity. Moreover, the main barriers to the environmental application of bottom sediments are a lack of appropriate legislation.

20

Frakcjonowanie popiołu lotnego pochodzącego ze spalania węgla brunatnego metodą mokrą i separacji magnetycznej, oraz oznaczenie właściwości fizycznych, chemicznych oraz morfologii poszczególnych frakcji, Cz.1

Haider U., Bittnar Z., Kopecky L., Humayon C. M.

Cement Wapno Beton

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2017

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R. 22/84, nr 3

249--259

PL

W artykule przedstawiono sposób frakcjonowania popiołu lotnego z użyciem procesu flotacji oraz separacji magnetycznej jak również właściwości uzyskanych frakcji popiołu. Popiół ze spalania węgla brunatnego rozdzielono na 3 frakcje w basenie flotacyjnym a następnie każdą z frakcji poddano suszeniu oraz separacji magnetycznej za pomocą magnesu stałego umieszczonego ponad taśmociągiem. Górna warstwa cząstek uzyskanych po procesie flotacji składała się przede wszystkim z mikrosfer. W drugiej warstwie występowały kuliste lub owalne ziarna, niektóre zawierające drobne pory. Ziarna tej frakcji miały najmniejsze rozmiary. W dolnej warstwie dominowały nieregularne ziarna bogatsze w żelazo. Frakcje wydzielone za pomocą magnesu charakteryzowały się podwyższoną zawartością żelaza, nawet do ponad 40% Fe2O3 oraz większym rozmiarem ziaren w porównaniu do wyjściowego popiołu. Zawartość cząstek magnetycznych w poszczególnych frakcjach wynosiła: 2% dla górnej warstwy, około 4% dla warstwy środkowej oraz 15% dla warstwy dolnej.

EN

Article presents method of fly ash separation with the use of flotation followed by magnetic separation. Properties of so obtained fly ash fractions were also presented. Fly ash obtained from brown coal combustion was separated into three fractions in floatation pool. Next, each fraction was air dried and subjected to magnetic separation using permanent magnet placed over conveyer belt. Upper layer of particles obtained during flotation consisted mainly of cenospheres. Second layer was composed of round and oval particles, some of them containing fine pores. Particle size distribution of grains in second layer was the finest. Bottom layer contained mainly coarse irregular grains rich in iron. Fractions separated by magnetic separation were characterized by increased iron content, even up to 40% of Fe203 as well as coarser grain size comparing to raw fly ash. Magnetic particles contents in upper, middle and bottom layers were 2%, 4% and 15% respectively.