Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The role of leaders in establishing and maintaining interorganizational relationships

Mazur-Wierzbicka Ewa, Boiko Julia, Rzepka Agnieszka, Bańkowski Paweł

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2025

|

z. 221

377--390

EN

Purpose: This paper aims to delineate the leader's role in both establishing and maintaining interorganizational relationships. It is leaders on whom the success of teams under their guidance hinges significantly, impacting the achievement of organizational goals, an entity’s overall effectiveness, the efficiency of its operation, market positioning, and relationship-building with external entities. Design/methodology/approach: As business and technological trends evolve, leaders need to demonstrate not only managerial skills but also interpersonal skills, empathy, and flexibility. The objectives were achieved through a pilot study using a PAPI, CAWI survey method with a self-constructed questionnaire. The target group was middle- and top-level managers, currently students of the Master of Business Administration. The study focuses on the dynamics of inter-organizational relationships, their form, motivation, and leadership roles. Findings: The pilot study findings underscore the significance of a leader possessing both knowledge and appropriate character traits within an organization seeking inter-organizational collaboration. The leader's primary objective should be to inspire individuals to forge relationships, complemented by effective organizing or planning tailored to the sector's requirements. Originality/value: The article introduces insights into the role of leadership in establishing and maintaining inter-organizational relationships, highlighting qualities such as respect, open communication, and teamwork. It provides a valuable basis for understanding leadership dynamics in the public and private sectors. To date, there has been no research in the literature on the location and dynamics of leadership in education. This pilot study is the first phase of a larger project and shows that the research direction is valid based on the analysis of the literature and the experiences of managers.

2

Application of the structural-geographic shift-share analysis to assess changes in tangible current assets in the public and private sectors

Pieczonka Jacek

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2025

|

z. 223

433--445

EN

Purpose: The aim of this research is to apply the structural-geographic shift-share analysis to assess changes in tangible current assets in both public and private sectors, providing insights into the factors influencing these changes across different regions. Design/methodology/approach: The research employs the shift-share analysis method, which decomposes changes in tangible current assets into national growth, industrial mix, and regional shift effects. The study uses empirical data from various voivodeships in Poland over the period 2018-2023. Findings: The findings indicate significant regional and sectoral variations in tangible current asset management. In the public sector, certain regions, such as Lubelskie and Śląskie, showed inefficiencies with increasing asset levels, while regions like Pomorskie and Małopolskie demonstrated improved management. The private sector exhibited more effective resource management in several regions, with Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Świętokrzyskie experiencing declines in current assets. Research limitations/implications: The results suggest the need for region-specific policies to enhance resource management efficiency, especially in the public sector. Future research should explore integrating additional economic indicators to refine the analysis further. Originality/value: This study is one of the few to apply structural-geographic shift-share analysis to the assessment of tangible current assets, providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors driving changes in asset levels in different regions and sectors.

3

Audyt wewnętrzny w zapobieganiu nadużyciom w sektorze publicznym w kontekście globalnych wyzwań i zrównoważonego rozwoju

Szczerbak Monika, Gęborys Monika

Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania

|

2025

|

T. 20, nr 2

31--54

PL

Cel badań i hipotezy/pytania badawcze Celem badań jest analiza roli audytu wewnętrznego w zapobieganiu nadużyciom w sektorze publicznym, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego skuteczności w kontekście globalnych wyzwań i zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Badanie ma na celu ocenę, w jakim stopniu audyt wewnętrzny przyczynia się do minimalizacji ryzyka nadużyć, zwiększenia przejrzystości finansowej oraz poprawy efektywności zarządzania środkami publicznymi. Przyjęta hipoteza badawcza zakładała, że audyt wewnętrzny w sektorze publicznym stanowi skuteczne narzędzie ograniczania nadużyć finansowych i organizacyjnych przez wzmacnianie mechanizmów kontroli zarządczej, podnoszenie poziomu transparentności oraz wdrażanie zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Metody badawcze Analiza literatury przedmiotu obejmuje przegląd dostępnych publikacji naukowych, raportów instytucji audytorskich oraz aktów prawnych dotyczących audytu wewnętrznego, nadużyć w sektorze publicznym i zrównoważonego rozwoju. Obserwacja danych wtórnych polegała na badaniu wewnętrznych audytów instytucji publicznych oraz danych publikowanych przez organizacje międzynarodowe, takie jak OECD czy Transparency International, w celu oceny skuteczności audytu w przeciwdziałaniu nadużyciom. Główne wyniki Analiza wykazała, że instytucje publiczne powinny traktować audyt wewnętrzny jako narzędzie oceny kompleksowego funkcjonowania organizacji. Oprócz eliminowania zagrożeń związanych z nadużyciami konieczne jest również zapewnienie zgodności działań z zasadami ładu korporacyjnego i celami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Transparentność, odpowiedzialność i rzetelność powinny stać się fundamentami zarządzania środkami publicznymi. Implikacje dla teorii i praktyki Aby skutecznie podnieść efektywność audytu wewnętrznego oraz zwiększyć odporność instytucji publicznych na nadużycia, zaleca się: - inwestowanie w zaawansowane narzędzia analityczne, które usprawnią monitorowanie operacji finansowych oraz wczesne wykrywanie nieprawidłowości; - organizowanie specjalistycznych szkoleń dla audytorów i kadry zarządzającej w celu zwiększenia ich kompetencji w zakresie identyfikacji i zapobiegania nadużyciom; - wdrożenie holistycznego podejścia do zarządzania ryzykiem, obejmującego automatyzację procesów audytowych oraz ciągłe doskonalenie mechanizmów kontrolnych; - modernizację systemów zgłaszania nieprawidłowości (ang. whistleblowing) celem zapewnienia większej poufności, dostępności i skuteczności reakcji na zgłoszenia; - regularną aktualizację procedur audytowych, dostosowując je do zmieniających się regulacji oraz wyzwań związanych z celami społecznymi i środowiskowymi.

EN

Research objectives and hypothesis/research questions The aim of the study is to analyze the role of internal audit in preventing fraud in the public sector, with a particular focus on its effectiveness in the context of global challenges and the principles of sustainable development. The research aims to assess the extent to which internal audit contributes to minimizing the risk of fraud, increasing financial transparency, and improving the efficiency of public funds management. The adopted research hypothesis assumes that internal audit in the public sector serves as an effective tool for reducing financial and organizational fraud by strengthening management control mechanisms, enhancing transparency, and implementing sustainable development principles. Research methods The literature review includes an overview of available scientific publications, reports from auditing institutions, and legal acts related to internal audit, fraud in the public sector, and sustainable development. The analysis of secondary data involves examining internal audits of public institutions and data published by international organizations such as the OECD and Transparency International to assess the effectiveness of internal audit in preventing fraud. Main results The analysis revealed that public institutions should consider internal audit as a tool for evaluating the comprehensive functioning of the organization. In addition to eliminating risks related to fraud, it is also necessary to ensure compliance with corporate governance principles and sustainable development goals. Transparency, accountability, and integrity should become the foundation of public fund management. Implications for theory and practice To effectively enhance the efficiency of internal audit and increase the resilience of public institutions to fraud, it is recommended to: - invest in advanced analytical tools to streamline the monitoring of financial operations and enable early detection of irregularities; - organize specialized training for auditors and management to improve their competencies in identifying and preventing fraud; - implement a holistic approach to risk management, including the automation of audit processes and continuous improvement of control mechanisms; - modernize whistleblowing systems to ensure greater confidentiality, accessibility, and effectiveness in responding to reports; - regularly update audit procedures to adapt to changing regulations and challenges related to social and environmental goals.

4

ESG in the public sector

Wacławik Bogusław, Surówka Krzysztof, Popławski Łukasz

Management

|

2025

|

Vol. 29, no. 1

767--783

EN

The article aims to draw attention to ESG issues in the public sector. The considerations presented, but also the literature reviewpresented in the field of ESG research in the public sector, indicate that the public sector, on the one hand, is beginning to implement ESG into its activities, and on the other hand, this sector also faces significant challenges in the future. According to the authors, ESG activities should be further intensified.

5

Transfer of tacit knowledge: exploring effective methods and techniques of tacit knowledge across generations in cultural institutions – a case study

Tokarz Małgorzata, Rosiński Jerzy

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2024

|

z. 199

619--631

EN

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to synthesize literature on knowledge management, to investigate the effectiveness of traditional and contemporary knowledge transfer methods, and to conduct a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the paper will examine challenges associated with the transfer of tacit knowledge, using cultural institutions as a case study, such as linguistic barriers and generational gaps, and will propose strategies for improving the transfer of tacit knowledge. In this way, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of effective methods and techniques for transferring tacit knowledge across generations, while simultaneously highlighting its role in shaping organizational practices and strategies. Data for the article were collected through an analysis of the available literature, with reference to methods applied in a cultural institution context. Design/methodology/approach: A comparison of knowledge transfer methods in a cultural institution was conducted using a structured interview. The literature analysis confirms the direction of the methods used in the institution. Fingings: As a result of the literature analysis and the practical application of various methods of knowledge transfer, considering generational differences, the thesis was confirmed that young employees do not want to be instructed but prefer to explore the experiences of older colleagues and learn from them for the future. This provided ample room for the development of intergenerational knowledge transfer tools based on mutual trust, inspiration, stimulation, and long-term cooperation between young and older employees, particularly through mentoring. Originality/value: The article can inspire state institutions to implement a platform for knowledge sharing and preservation.

6

Evaluating the current state of Digital Era Governance application in local government units in the Małopolska region

Wodecka-Hyjek Agnieszka, Kusa Rafał, Kafel Tomasz

Engineering Management in Production and Services

|

2024

|

Vol. 16, no. 1

19--30

EN

The study aims to determine the implementation degree of Digital Era Governance (DEG) in selected local government units (LGU) of Małopolskie Voivodeship and to show differences in the effectiveness of digitalisation in LGUs depending on the level of local government, i.e., the county and the municipality. The study employs a model of digital maturity intended specifically for public administration. This model assesses six dimensions of digital maturity, namely, digitalisation-focused management, openness to stakeholders’ (partners’) needs, digital competencies of employees, digitalisation of processes, digital technologies, and e-innovativeness. The study results indicate that the examined local government units in the Małopolska region suffer from a low level of digital maturity. In particular, the results show that the implementation of digital technologies and the digital competencies of staff are the most developed dimensions of digitalisation in the examined local government units. In turn, e-innovation and process digitalisation are the least developed areas and require further improvement. Additionally, digital maturity is lower at the municipal than county level. These findings confirm the thesis that New Public Management affects the development of local government and highlights the increasing role played by Digital Era Governance. In contrast to most studies on public administrations, this study focuses on the local government level. It employs the original model of digital maturity in the field of public administration. This study intends to contribute to the concept of Digital Era Governance by focusing on the digitalisation of LGUs.

7

Financing investments in the regional structure in the face of crisis phenomena in Poland

Opałka Benedykt

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2023

|

z. 174

81--98

EN

Purpose: Assessment of changes in the size of investment outlays and territorial diversification of investment activity in the conditions of crisis phenomena, broken down by selected groups of entities forming the national economy in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The method of critical analysis of the literature on the subject and the method of comparative analysis in the field of empirical and statistical data in the generic and territorial arrangement according to selected categories of regional and subregional units. Findings: The financial diversification of the scope of investment activity of groups of entities operating in the national economy was indicated, in detail in terms of the central and local government subsectors. The scale and directions of changes in spatial disproportions of investment potential in regions and subregions in Poland were identified, taking into account changes resulting from the observed crisis phenomena in the period 2010-2021. Research limitations/implications: The presented research results are limited by the availability of empirical data in detailed territorial systems. Due to the currently observed dynamic changes and economic turbulence, it is advisable to constantly update data and further analyzes in the conditions of ongoing crisis phenomena. Practical implications: The practical dimension of the analysis refers to possible applications in the preparation of diagnoses and plans for socio-economic development at various levels of public administration competence. Social implications: The results of the research may provide information for public sector entities supporting the processes of programming public investments in order to achieve socio-economic cohesion, reduce social disparities and improve the living conditions of the population. Originality/value: The paper contains the results of analyzes on the consequences of crisis phenomena affecting the national economy and the ability of its selected components to undertake investment outlays. The applied territorial approach provides new knowledge that can be used in further detailed scientific research and in the decision-making process regarding the conduct of investment policy at the national and regional level.

8

Hybrydowy model pracy biurowej i jej potencjalny wpływ na środowisko

Taczalska-Ryniak Anna

Przegląd Budowlany

|

2023

|

R. 94, nr 5-6

134--138

PL

Tematem opracowania jest analiza potencjalnego wpływu powszechnej implementacji hybrydowego modelu pracy biurowej na środowisko naturalne. Obejmuje ona między innymi symulacje oszczędności zużycia energii i paliw, a także potencjalnego wstrzymania realizacji nowych obiektów biurowych, pod warunkiem wprowadzenia w Polsce powszechnego systemu pracy hybrydowej dla pracowników sektora usług.

EN

The subject of this study is an analysis of the potential environmental impact of the widespread implementation of a hybrid office working model. It includes, among other things, simulations of energy and fuel consumption savings, as well as the potential halt in the construction of new office buildings, conditional on the introduction of a universal hybrid working system for service sector employees in Poland.

9

Pomiar przedsiębiorczości organizacyjnej w sektorze publicznym

Kóska-Wolny Magdalena

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 6 (26)

25--35

EN

The activities of the public sector are visible at the state, regional and local levels, and its rational, effective and efficient functioning contributes to socio-economic development and af-fects the quality of life of citizens. The role of the public sector in the modern economy is systematically growing, and the management of public organizations is becoming a multi-faceted phenomenon. Entrepreneurship can be defined both through the prism of economic activity and pro-social activity. Nowadays, the role of entrepreneurship is treated as an endog-enous development factor, based both on the quality of human and social capital, as well as material and financial resources. It is gaining more and more importance, becoming a driv-ing force for economic growth, increasing the competitiveness, efficiency and innovation of organizations. Organizational entrepreneurship, despite the intensity of scientific research, has not yet been uniformly operationalized or has universally accepted measurement methods. There are no clear guidelines in constructing a tool for measuring organizational entrepreneurship. It is also impossible to create a universal, synthetic tool that is optimal for every organization. Entrepre-neurial orientation is one way to measure the entrepreneurial behavior of organizations. The aim of this work is to identify the issue of measuring organizational entrepreneurship in the public sector. It should be emphasized that the phenomenon of organizational entrepreneur-ship in public organizations, its determinants and measurement methods are still insufficiently recognized and described in the theoretical, methodological and empirical layers. One of the reasons for this state of affairs is the great diversity of the public sector, which creates a specific "system" of interconnected organizations and institutions, instruments and means for the pro-vision of public goods and services.

10

Measuring quality perception of public services: customer-oriented approach

Butkus Mindaugas, Rakauskiene Ona Grazina, Bartuseviciene Ilona, Stasiukynas Andrius, Volodzkiene Lina, Dargenyte-Kacileviciene Laura

Engineering Management in Production and Services

|

2023

|

Vol. 15, no. 2

96--116

EN

The focus of this research is on assessing the perception of public service quality through a customer-centred approach. Public service quality comprises multiple factors that are prioritised differently by customers. Therefore, the study aims to conduct a literature review to identify the primary quality dimensions of public services and evaluate the heterogeneity of their perception within the context of Lithuania. The research measures the user perceptions of public service quality. The literature review allowed for identifying service quality indicators and grouping them into dimensions based on unifying characteristics. Such identification of service quality dimensions grounded the research methodology. An adapted SERVQUAL model was used to analyse data collected by a survey to interview customers of Lithuanian public service organisations. Logit and probit models were applied to examine the effect of sociodemographic characteristics and the type of service on customer perceptions of different quality aspects of the provided public services. Explored heterogeneity of attitudes and detailed analysis of socio-demographic factors revealed that women with higher education are the most satisfied users of public services, while less educated men usually have a negative attitude towards the quality of public services. The study confirmed that marital status and income level are not related to customer satisfaction with service quality. Although gender, age, family size, education level, and employment status explain heterogeneity in customer satisfaction, they still account for only a small amount of variance compared to the place of residence and type of service. The study is a significant contribution to the field of service engineering as it introduces a systematic approach to the development of service quality, incorporating models and methods that enable the assessment of service quality and efficiency. The literature review has identified several research gaps related to public service quality, including a lack of research on general public services and areas such as tourism, real estate management, fire protection and rescue.

11

Internal audit and management control in units of the public finance sector

Gołębiowska Anna, Prokopowicz Dariusz, Wolańczyk Agnieszka

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

|

2022

|

Nr 82

115--140

EN

The process of managing institutions of the public finance sector should be subject to improvement and therefore should also be subject to ongoing control and periodic comprehensive audits. In units of the public finance sector, given the need of improving the efficiency of public tasks implementation, a significant role is played by management control, understood as overall measures taken to ensure the implementation of objectives and tasks in a legitimate, effective, economical and timely manner. A particularly important element of the management control system is the internal audit, i.e. an independent advisory and verification activity, the objective of which is to improve the operational efficiency of the organization and to bring added value to it. Technical progress, changing legal regulations and organizational forms of business entities and institutions of the government administration sector enforce constant adjustments of procedures for control processes and auditing activities. Procedures for conducting internal audit processes should be subject to permanent improvement, because in this way the quality of service of public sector institutions towards the society and the effectiveness of the state functions are improved.

PL

Proces zarządzania instytucjami sektora finansów publicznych powinien podlegać doskonaleniu i w związku z tym powinien także podlegać bieżącej kontroli i przeprowadzanym okresowo kompleksowym audytom. W jednostkach sektora finansów publicznych istotną rolę, z uwagi na potrzebę poprawy efektywności realizacji zadań publicznych, odgrywa kontrola zarządcza, rozumiana jako ogół działań podejmowanych dla zapewnienia realizacji celów i zadań w sposób zgodny z prawem, efektywny, oszczędny i terminowy. Szczególnie istotnym elementem systemu kontroli zarządczej jest audyt wewnętrzny, tj. niezależna działalność doradcza i weryfikująca, której celem jest usprawnienie operacyjne organizacji i wniesienie do niej wartości dodanej. Postęp techniczny, zmieniające się regulacje prawne i formy organizacyjne podmiotów gospodarczych i instytucji sektora administracji rządowej wymuszają ciągłe dostosowywanie procedur procesów kontroli i działalności audytorskiej. Procedury przeprowadzania procesów audytu wewnętrznego powinny podlegać permanentnemu doskonaleniu, ponieważ w ten sposób podnoszona jest jakość służby instytucji sektora publicznego względem społeczeństwa i efektywność realizacji funkcji państwa.

12

Leadership for digitalization in public sector

Staniulienė Sonata, Lavickaitė Karolina

Polish Journal of Management Studies

|

2022

|

Vol. 25, No. 2

295--307

EN

This paper aims to evaluate the leadership for digitalization in the case of public sector in Lithuania. Like private companies, public organizations are in the process of digitizing their activities in order to increase the efficiency of public services in the public interest. The Covid-19 pandemic has provided an additional unplanned impetus to maximize the digitalization of operations, although the process is not always running smoothly. To investigate this issue, a quantitative method of survey was conducted in the case of Lithuanian public sector organizations. Organizational leaders are perceived as axial individuals who could facilitate a smoother digitalization process. This is what employees expect of them, so leaders need to develop the specific skills needed in the context of digitalization in a leadership style that affects them, and they need to develop and use specific competencies relevant to the digitalization process.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu ocenę przywództwa w zakresie cyfryzacji w przypadku sektora publicznego na Litwie. Podobnie jak firmy prywatne, organizacje publiczne są w trakcie cyfryzacji swoich działań w celu zwiększenia efektywności usług publicznych w interesie publicznym. Pandemia Covid-19 dała dodatkowy nieplanowany impuls do maksymalizacji cyfryzacji operacji, chociaż proces ten nie zawsze przebiega płynnie. Aby zbadać ten problem, przeprowadzono badanie ilościowe w przypadku litewskich organizacji sektora publicznego. Liderzy organizacyjni są postrzegani jako osoby osiowe, które mogą ułatwić płynniejszy proces digitalizacji. Tego oczekują od nich pracownicy, dlatego liderzy muszą rozwijać konkretne umiejętności potrzebne w kontekście cyfryzacji w stylu przywództwa, który ich dotyczy, oraz muszą rozwijać i wykorzystywać określone kompetencje istotne dla procesu cyfryzacji.

13

Conclusions from the analysis of blockchain solutions

Michniewicz Małgorzata

Computer Science and Mathematical Modelling

|

2022

|

No. 15-16

33--37

EN

The development of blockchain technology and distributed ledgers indeed contributes to enabling the delivery of various digital services, such as financial services, registry management, and tokens, including non-fungible tokens (NFTs). In blockchain systems, decisions are made based on the so-called consensus mechanism, which is a method of selecting a single version of transaction history that all nodes consistently agree upon. Although this technology is classified as emerging, it has a history of over ten years, and its ongoing implementations, including in the public administration sector, demonstrate its evolution and its status as one of the most promising technologies in terms of ensuring data immutability. The published ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standards and numerous implementations using business models executed in the DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) architecture undoubtedly support the development of blockchain.

PL

Rozwój technologii blockchain i rejestrów rozproszonych umożliwia realizację usług cyfrowych, w tym dostarczanie różnego rodzaju wartości tj. usługi finansowe, prowadzenie rejestrów, różnej maści tokenów (NFT), dla aktorów w sieci z nieosiągalnym dotychczas poziomem zaufania. Każdy może ufać każdemu bez zaufanej trzeciej strony. W systemach blockchain decyzje podejmowane są w oparciu o tzw. mechanizm konsensusu, który jest metodą wybierania jednej wersji historii transakcji, na którą konsekwentnie wyrażają zgodę wszystkie węzły. Technologia ta choć klasyfikowana jest jako rozwijająca się, posiada ponad 10-letnią historię, a kolejne wdrożenia również w sektorze administracji publicznej, ukazują jak ewaluuje i sięga do rangi najbardziej obiecującej technologii w kontekście zapewnienia niezaprzeczalności danych. Rozwojowi blockchain niewątpliwie sprzyjają opublikowane standardy ISO - Międzynarodowej Organizacji Standaryzacyjnej oraz liczne wdrożenia w których stosowane modele biznesowe realizowane w architekturze DAO (zdecentralizowanej autonomicznej organizacji).

14

Program zgodności (compliance) w sektorze publicznym

Szalast-Piwińska Małgorzata

Biuletyn Urzędu Regulacji Energetyki

|

2022

|

nr 1

155

PL

Publikacja Centralnego Biura Antykorupcyjnego (CBA) z 2020 r. poświęcona jest tworzeniu i wdrażaniu efektywnych programów zgodności (compliance) w sektorze publicznym. Wytyczne są efektem działania 4.2. Rządowego Programu Przeciwdziałania Korupcji na lata 2018-2020 i mogą by wdrożone w każdym urzędzie.

15

The potentials of CRM application in the public sector

Mai Thao Phuong, Reicher Regina Zsuzsánna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2021

|

z. 151

371--386

EN

Purpose: The interest in the possibility of CRM application in the public sector has begun to emerge again recently with the development of e-government. In this paper, we show the optimistic support to the application of the CRM implementation in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, we attempted to explore the potentials of CRM application in public sectors by reviewing the existing literature on the traditional CRM concepts as well as in the context of government over the last decades. Findings: CRM has not been utilised commonly by governments due to the number of complexities that needed to be more investigated and fixed by resolutions. A number of researchers have figured out the big gaps between private and public sectors which lead to difficulties in apply CRM in public services. Social implications: This paper would be the initial foundation for our coming empirical research to get more insights into this area as we do believe that the implementation of CRM in the public sector is an emerging research potential that is valuable and significantly beneficial to the scientific innovation relating to government operation. Originality/value: The paper reviewed existing findings to provide a better understanding of the field and figured out the main potentials of CRM in promoting government reputation, engaging citizens to the operating system, and improving the quality of service delivery in the public services system.

16

The application of Czekanowski diagram to assess the financial situation of non-financial enterprises in Poland in the years 2010-2020

Miśkiewicz-Nawrocka Monika

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2021

|

z. 150

151--167

EN

Purpose: The changing financial situation of enterprises under the influence of various political, economic, social, etc. decisions is the cause of interest of many researchers. The aim of the research is to assess the financial situation of non-financial enterprises in Polish voivodships, taking into account the division into the private sector and the public sector in 2010-2020, and an attempt to classify the analyzed voivodeships into separate classes. Design/methodology/approach: Czekanowski's method was used to achieve the goal, which allows for the comparison of the examined objects in terms of the analyzed phenomenon. The visualization of this method is an ordered Czekanowski diagram, on the basis of which it is possible to group objects and observe whether their geographic location influences the results of grouping. Findings: The conducted analysis made it possible to group voivodeships in terms of the financial situation of enterprises, both for the public and private sectors. In the analyzed period, among the voivodships of Poland, several groups of similar voivodships can be distinguished in terms of the financial situation of enterprises. A voivodship was also selected, which differs from the rest of the voivodships – it is characterized by a lack of similarity in terms of the considered features, both in the whole analyzed period. It was also shown that the lockdown resulting from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a significant impact on the financial results of Polish enterprises in the first half of 2020. Research limitations/implications: Using the MaCzek computer program to construct Czekanowski's diagrams, in some cases isolating similar objects in an unambiguous manner was difficult and hindered interpretation. Originality/value: Showing that the application of Czekanowski's method to the analysis of the financial situation of public and private sector enterprises in Poland is possible and allows for the assessment of the similarity of voivodeships. The article and the application of the method is useful for entrepreneurs and investors.

17

The role of organizational innovations in improving local government performance

Putro Sandry Windiharto, Kusumawardhani Amie, Raharjo Susilo Toto

Polish Journal of Management Studies

|

2021

|

Vol. 23, No. 2

437--448

EN

Within the public sector, innovations are imperative in the spirit of new governance, flexibility, efficiency, and organization administration responsiveness. While the role and appropriateness of innovations in the private sector have been widely discussed in the literature, innovations confront some defiance in public sectors. Some studies have been conducted to understand the role of innovations in the performance of the private and public sector, but there are different results in the significances of the role of innovations. This study aims to understand the role of organizational innovation in the local government through quantitative analysis using multiple regression and Sobel Test. The results showed that innovations have partially mediated the relationship among organizational culture, leadership support and performance organizations. The study also found that leadership support and organizational culture directly influence organizational performance than if the influence is indirectly through innovation.

PL

W sektorze publicznym innowacje są niezbędne w duchu nowego zarządzania, elastyczności, wydajności i responsywności administracji organizacji. Podczas gdy rola i adekwatność innowacji w sektorze prywatnym są szeroko omawiane w literaturze, innowacje napotykają pewien bunt w sektorach publicznych. Przeprowadzono kilka badań, aby zrozumieć rolę innowacji w funkcjonowaniu sektora prywatnego i publicznego, ale wyniki dotyczące znaczenia roli innowacji są różne. Niniejsze badanie ma na celu zrozumienie roli innowacji organizacyjnych w samorządzie lokalnym poprzez analizę ilościową z wykorzystaniem regresji wielokrotnej i testu Sobela. Wyniki pokazały, że innowacje częściowo pośredniczyły w relacjach między kulturą organizacyjną, wsparciem przywództwa i organizacjami wydajnościowymi. Badanie wykazało również, że wsparcie przywództwa i kultura organizacyjna mają bezpośredni wpływ na wydajność organizacji, niż jeśli pośrednio wpływają na innowacje.

18

Greek economic crisis management program and its impact on public employees’ earnings: a case series and literature review

Spinthiropoulos Konstantinos, Tsiatsiou Efthymia, Garefalakis Alexandros, Chaitidis Georgios, Stavropoulou E.

Polish Journal of Management Studies

|

2021

|

Vol. 24, No. 2

431--448

EN

The economic crisis forced the Greek Government to implement a series of controversial fiscal consolidation policies, also known as Memoranda of Economic and Financial Policy (a.k.a. Memoranda), resulting in internal market devaluation and significant inflation alterations in employees’ income in the public and private sector. The purpose of our study was to review the management program of the Greek economic crisis through the enforced economic and fiscal policies and measure its impact on public sector employees' incomes. The authors also presented case series in order to investigate the magnitude of that impact. The study hypothesized that the reforms taken during the Greek economic crisis had a substantial negative impact on employees’ payroll. The authors conducted a literature review in English until June 2021. They searched Scopus, IDEAS/RePEc and primary sources, such as Greek Government Newspaper, Bank of Greece reports, Greek Ministry of Finance reports, European Commission reports, European Union reports, Eurostat reports and Greek Statistical Authority (ELSTAT) reports. Moreover, in order to present the case series, the payroll data were collected from the office of a Greek public university. The study results showed that the fiscal policies that were enforced during the Greek economic crisis period (i.e. Memoranda) had a significant negative impact on the income of the employees of the public sector, irrespective of the employee’s educational status, with 2012 being the year, in which the highest rate of income’s reduction was noticed.

PL

Kryzys gospodarczy zmusił rząd grecki do wdrożenia szeregu kontrowersyjnych polityk konsolidacji fiskalnej, znanych również jako Memorandy Polityki Gospodarczej i Finansowej (inaczej Memoranda), skutkujących dewaluacją rynku wewnętrznego i znacznymi zmianami inflacji w dochodach pracowników w społeczeństwie i sektor prywatny. Celem naszego badania był przegląd programu zarządzania greckim kryzysem gospodarczym poprzez narzuconą politykę gospodarczą i fiskalną oraz zmierzenie jego wpływu na dochody pracowników sektora publicznego. Autorzy przedstawili również serie przypadków w celu zbadania wielkości tego wpływu. W badaniu wysunięto hipotezę, że reformy podjęte podczas greckiego kryzysu gospodarczego miały istotny negatywny wpływ na płace pracowników. Autorzy dokonali przeglądu literatury w języku angielskim do czerwca 2021 r. Przeszukali Scopus, IDEAS/RePEc oraz źródła podstawowe, takie jak: gazeta rządu greckiego, raporty Banku Grecji, raporty greckiego Ministerstwa Finansów, raporty Komisji Europejskiej, raporty Unii Europejskiej, raporty Eurostatu oraz sprawozdania greckiego urzędu statystycznego (ELSTAT). Ponadto, w celu przedstawienia serii przypadków, dane dotyczące wynagrodzeń zostały zebrane z biura greckiego uniwersytetu publicznego. Wyniki badania wykazały, że polityki fiskalne, które były egzekwowane w okresie greckiego kryzysu gospodarczego (tj. Memorandy) miały istotny negatywny wpływ na dochody pracowników sektora publicznego, niezależnie od ich wykształcenia, przy czym rokiem 2012 był rok, w którym odnotowano najwyższą stopę spadku dochodów.

19

Advantages of implementing project management in enterprises

Agaisina-Ibrayeva Salima

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

|

2021

|

nr 3

5--19

EN

Introduction/background: This article presents the advantages of using project management in an enterprise. The article is developed on the basis of a literary review including the results of the author's own research. Aim of the paper: The goal of the article is to identify the main advantages for the introduction of project management in an enterprise. Materials and methods: The method of writing the article is a literary review, which was made on the basis of research materials from international scientific journals. As an example, the author considers the public sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results and conclusions: Based on the literature review described in the article, the results obtained from the implementation of project management at enterprises allow to reveal in more detail the advantages of using project management. However, the existing problems faced by some enterprises still remain a barrier to achieving certain goals of the enterprises themselves. Based on the author's own research, the article examines the indicators of the implementation and use of project management on the example of the public sector of Kazakhstan. Problems in the implementation and use of project management in the public sector are based on the lack of necessary national standards, qualified specialists and not high involvement of the state authorities in the implementation of project management. According to these problems, recommendations are given that can help solve some problems and improve the overall project management system in the public sector.

20

Traditional versus agile project management in public sector in Poland

Kaczorowska Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2020

|

z. 149

287--302

EN

Purpose: In recent years more and more agile methods of software production have been used in information projects (IT projects). Apart from some common features with other measures, IT projects have their own specificity which should be considered prior to the choice of the Traditional Project Management (TPM) or Agile Project Management (APM) for management of a particular project. Owing to the specificity of the implemented projects the approach presented in agile methods is more and more frequently chosen and preferred both by the solutions providers and the clients. Furthermore, the use of one of the traditional or agile methods should be preceded by analysis of various types of conditions of the sector in which the public administration entity is functioning. Legal conditions, organizational and decision-making culture, project financing methods and maturity of teams and the whole organisation in the project management area, affect not only the choice of methods but also the final success of the project. The multicriterial analysis of limitations in information projects implementation in the public sector allowed identification of the most important recommendations within necessary changes. The article points out that agile methods will not entirely replace the traditional management of IT projects in the public sector, with the most effective approach being their harmonious coexistence. Design/methodology/approach: The recommendation to use the TPM and APM approaches in Polish public administration entities was preceded by analysis of the most important legal acts for this purpose and comparison of the position of our country (or cluster to which Poland is qualified) in the acknowledged European study from the cycle of eGovernment Benchmark dating back to the years 2004-2018. Recommendations for implementation of IT projects in the public sector were supported by analysis of CHAOS reports dating back to 2012-2018 and 11th, 12th and 13th Annual State of Agile Reports respectively from 2016, 2017 and 2018. The article does not treat separately each of the best known methodologies and methodologies of confirmed effectiveness, but considers the shared philosophy of traditional or agile approach. Findings: The development of e-government proceeds due to the implementation – from the private sector – of the form of management through the development of projects. Analysis of the position of the Polish e-government in the eGovernment Benchmark points to a high backwardness of the public sector in Poland as compared to other countries. The backwardness may be made up for through implementation of effective methods of IT project management. However, the choice of an agile method should be preceded by an analysis of specific achievable benefits and conditions which have to be fulfilled as they are necessary to achieve such benefits. The public sector conditions connected with the Public Procurement Law and informal limitations resulting, among other, from organisational and decisive culture will not allow, as for now, to fully use agile methods. Originality/value: The public sector in Poland is the largest but at the same time the most difficult customer of services and products from the ICT sector in Poland. For a large purchaser of the ICT sector solutions the choice of the most effective project management method becomes a significant determinant of the project’s success. In practice, there is no organization or project in which a methodology in its pure form could be used. Therefore, a given methodological approach has to be adjusted to the conditions of the sector in which the organisation is functioning and to a specific project.