Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w procesie kontroli obiektów budowlanych – studium przypadku

Nowobilski Tomasz, Persona Marian, Nowobilski Maciej, Hoła Bożena

Przegląd Budowlany

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2025

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R. 96, nr 1

98--101

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przykład wykorzystania bezzałogowego statku powietrznego (drona) w procesie oceny stanu technicznego na przykładzie wybranych obiektów budowlanych kopalni węgla kamiennego „Julia” w Wałbrzychu. W ramach przeprowadzonych badań wykonano analizę korzyści i ograniczeń wynikających z zastosowania dronów w procesie kontroli obiektów budowlanych oraz przedstawiono ich możliwości. Otrzymane wyniki mogą być wykorzystane w praktyce inżynierskiej.

EN

The article presents an example of using an unmanned aerial vehicle to assess the technical condition, on the example of selected buildings of the „Julia” coal mine in Wałbrzych. An analysis of the benefits and limitations of using drones in inspecting construction objects was carried out and their general capabilities were presented. The results obtained can be used in engineering practice.

2

Nonholonomic motion planning with special restrictions on the end and via points of the control function

Ratajczak Joanna

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2025

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Vol. 73, nr 2

art. no. e153427

EN

This paper introduces a new modification to the motion planning algorithm of nonholonomic robotic systems using the endogenous configuration space approach which allows imposing restrictions on control functions. The end and via points define the values which the control function should take in a predefined time, either at the beginning, the end or during the motion time horizon. Such a modification can be used to set the values of the control function, which usually are of velocity-like type, to be physically realizable. The constraints are introduced to the algorithm through the extension of the Jacobian. The efficiency of the presented method is shown with the computer simulation results for a nonholonomic space manipulator. A modified Jacobian motion planning algorithm is used for planning consisting of a sequence of two subtasks.

3

Using the theory of constraints thinking process tools to solve critical problems in the organization

Knop Krzysztof

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 197

305--331

EN

Purpose: The article aims to practically use the tools of the Theory of Constraints thinking process to eliminate critical problems in a selected subsystem of an enterprise in the automotive industry and, based on practical experience, to determine the strengths and weaknesses resulting from their use as well as external opportunities and threats, to indicate appropriate remedial actions that will enable managers of any organization to use thinking tools effectively. Design/methodology/approach: The goals of the article were achieved through the practical application of selected thinking process tools from the Theory of Constraints to solve critical problems in the R&D department of the selected company from the automotive industry. Identifying the goals of the subsystem of the studied company, identifying key problems, solving an important conflict in the subsystem, determining ways to solve key problems, and practically applying one of the solutions using the whole TOC toolkits constituted the scope of the research. The research tools were the TOC thinking process tools, such as the Goal Tree, the Current Reality Tree, the Evaporating Cloud, the Future Reality Tree, the Prerequisite Tree, and the Transition Tree. An active SWOT analysis was used to indicate the strengths and weaknesses of thinking tools, based on the experience gained, and external opportunities and threats related to their use were identified. The research methodology was based on the use of qualitative analysis to develop thinking process tools through interviews and brainstorming with the key stakeholders of the studied organizational subsystem, interested in achieving specific goals for the analyzed subsystem and assessing the practical application of the thinking process tools. Findings: It has been proven that the use of the Theory of Constraints thought process tools allows you to effectively solve critical problems in the subsystem of an automotive company. Using the tools of the thought process, key problems were identified in the analyzed organizational subsystem and actions were proposed to eliminate them. It will also identify the strengths and weaknesses of these improvement tools, as well as the opportunities and threats associated with their use by the organization. Research findings indicate that TOC thinking process tools enable a systematic approach to solving complex problems. Thanks to these tools, the analyzed company can combat internal constraints that limit its effectiveness, efficiency and competitiveness on the market. The condition for the effective use of thinking process tools is support from management, employees' knowledge of how to use them, using individual tools at a given time, the most important ones in the context of problem-solving, and effectively struggling with the weaknesses of these tools. Research limitations/implications: The study concerned a single company from the automotive industry, which makes it impossible to generalize the results to the entire industry. The qualitative nature of the research methodology introduces subjectivity into the analysis. Future research will focus on conducting comparative studies to evaluate the effectiveness of thinking process tools in identifying the root cause of complex problems compared to other methods used to solve problems. Practical implications: The research results indicate the effectiveness of the Theory of Constraints thinking process tools in solving critical problems. Other organizations can use this approach to streamline their processes, eliminate difficult systemic constraints, and more effectively achieve business goals. Thanks to thinking tools, companies can identify the root causes of their problems and indicate ways to solve them. By involving managers and employees from the organization interested in achieving the established goals in the process of creating thinking process tools and using their knowledge and experience, it is easier to properly identify the root causes of critical problems and then implement appropriate remedial actions. The SWOT analysis, based on the research and experience obtained, establishes the conditions for the effective use of TOC thinking process tools by other enterprises. Originality/value: The article has cognitive and practical values. The research results can serve as a reference point, and benchmark for managers of various organizations in terms of the approach to eliminating critical problems in the organization and how to effectively use TOC thought process tools by empowering their strengths, eliminating their weaknesses, taking advantage of opportunities, and counteracting threats.

4

Inwestycja w pobliżu obiektów wojskowych

Woźny Jakub, Sudół Korina A.

Inżynier Budownictwa

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2024

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nr 3

25

5

Analysis of constraints to urban expansion in the city of M’Sila using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Houbib Hanane, Kalla Mehdi

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2024

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no. 4

123--135

EN

The presented study aims to deepen the understanding of urban expansion and land resource management to meet growing urbanization needs and identify constraints associated with this phenomenon. The main objective is to propose a model that integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) – a method recognized for addressing complex spatial issues. By defining the criteria related to the targeted objectives and by mapping attribute and geographic data at the municipal level of M’sila, we have prioritized the identified indicators, quantitatively evaluated the phenomenon, and compared various development scenarios for the studied areas. This quantitative evaluation was carried out through spatial simulation, including data intersection and multicriteria aggregation based on the AHP method, which allowed participatory modeling of factors according to their respective importance. Moreover, this process facilitated the identification of optimal land use for urbanization, while assisting specialists in choosing the most appropriate urban planning orientations and objectives for the studied areas.

PL

Przedstawione badanie ma na celu pogłębienie zrozumienia ekspansji miejskiej i zarządzania zasobami gruntów w celu zaspokojenia rosnących potrzeb urbanizacyjnych oraz zidentyfikowanie ograniczeń związanych z tym zjawiskiem. Głównym celem jest zaproponowanie modelu, który integruje proces hierarchii analitycznej (AHP) i systemy informacji geograficznej (GIS) – metodę uznaną za rozwiązującą złożone problemy przestrzenne. Poprzez zdefiniowanie kryteriów związanych z celami docelowymi i mapowanie danych atrybutowych i geograficznych na poziomie gminy M'sila, ustaliliśmy priorytety zidentyfikowanych wskaźników, ilościowo oceniliśmy zjawisko i porównaliśmy różne scenariusze rozwoju dla badanych obszarów. Ta ilościowa ocena została przeprowadzona poprzez symulację przestrzenną, w tym przecięcie danych i agregację wielokryterialną w oparciu o metodę AHP, co umożliwiło partycypacyjne modelowanie czynników zgodnie z ich odpowiednim znaczeniem. Ponadto proces ten ułatwił identyfikację optymalnego wykorzystania gruntów pod urbanizację, pomagając jednocześnie specjalistom w wyborze najbardziej odpowiednich orientacji i celów planowania urbanistycznego dla badanych obszarów.

6

Optimization of the joint start-up mode of the hoisting and slewing mechanisms of a boom

Loveikin Viacheslav, Romasevych Yuriy, Loveikin Andrii, Velykoivanenko Dmytro

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2024

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LXXI, nr 3

351--374

EN

To increase the productivity of boom cranes, joint movement of mechanisms is performed. The simultaneous start-up of mechanisms significantly increases dynamic loads and intensifies oscillations of structural elements and loads on a flexible suspension reducing the reliability of crane operation and increasing energy losses. Therefore, the optimization problem of the joint start-up of the slewing and load hoisting mechanisms of a boom crane is stated and solved in the article. To optimize the joint start-up of the mechanisms, the boom system is represented by a 5-DOF dynamic model. For such a dynamic model of a boom crane, a mathematical model is developed in the form of a system of nonlinear differential equations of the second order. The optimization problem includes an optimization criterion and constraints on the driving torques and boundary conditions. An approximate modified metaheuristic PSO method was used to solve the nonlinear optimization problem. Based on the calculation, the optimal modes of joint start-up of the mechanisms for load slewing and hoisting of a boom crane were determined, making it possible to minimize dynamic loads and, as a result, reduce oscillations of the system links and energy consumption of the drives.

7

Changes in the Polish market for agricultural organic products

Kociszewski Karol, Sobocińska Magdalena, Krupowicz Joanna, Graczyk Andrzej, Mazurek-Łopacińska Krystyna

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2023

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nr 1

259--286

EN

This paper attempts to identify changes in the factors influencing the functioning and evolution of the Polish market for organic agricultural products. It brings together the results of surveys of farmers (carried out in 2011, 2019, and 2021), distributors (carried out in 2019 and 2021), and consumers (carried out in 2009 and 2021). Initially, farmers believed that the greatest opportunities for market development lay in demand factors, including in particular consumer environmental awareness. In 2021, their opinions worsened in this regard, which means they had difficulties reaching consumers. Another opportunity that was less popular than before was the EU subsidies. This is due to administrative and bureaucratic burdens, which, along with high production costs and weak links between farmers and distributors, were considered to be the biggest barriers to market development. For distributors, the survey produced similar conclusions. According to consumers, the greatest opportunities for market development result from increasing environmental awareness, increased diversity of products and better promotion. The barriers they highlighted include high prices, limited environmental education, lack of adequate state support, and insufficient information about the offer.

PL

Celem artykułu jest określenie zmian czynników wpływających na funkcjonowanie polskiego rynku ekologicznych produktów pochodzenia rolniczego oraz czynników wpływających na przyszły rozwój tego rynku. Zawiera on syntezę wyników badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród rolników (z lat 2011, 2019, 2021), dystrybutorów (z lat 2019 i 2021) i konsumentów (z lat 2009 i 2021). Wyniki badań z 2011 i 2019 wykazały, że według rolników największe szanse rozwoju rynku wiążą się z czynnikami popytowymi, w tym zwłaszcza świadomością ekologiczną konsumentów. W 2021 r. opinie te pogorszyły się, co wskazuje, że rolnicy napotykają trudności w dotarciu ze swoją ofertą do konsumentów. Dotacje unijne również straciły na znaczeniu, co wiąże się z utrudnieniami administracyjnymi i biurokratycznymi. Obok wysokich kosztów produkcji i słabości powiązań rolników z dystrybutorami stanowią one największe bariery rozwoju rynku. Podobne wnioski wynikają z wyników badań dystrybutorów. Według konsumentów największymi szansami rozwoju rynku są rosnąca świadomość ekologiczna, zwiększenie różnorodności oferty i lepsza promocja. Ograniczeniami są wysoka cena, znikoma edukacja ekologiczna, brak odpowiedniego wsparcia ze strony państwa oraz zbyt mało informacji o ofercie.

8

Environmental restrictions on agricultural properties located in protected area in the Western Pomeranian Voivodship

Blaszke Małgorzata, Zaremba Aneta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 156

71--80

EN

Purpose: The aim of the publication is to provide a concise overview of the restrictions on the use of agricultural properties located in protected areas. Design/methodology/approach: As regards protected areas the Central Statistical Office publishes basic information annually in its studies and in the Local Data Bank on the forms of nature protection established in a given area, such as the area and forms and use in general terms for the whole country or by voivodeship, district and sometimes commune. However, it does not provide information on the overlapping of individual forms of nature protection and their spatial distribution, which was necessary in the case of this study. Therefore, an analysis of the spatial distribution and diversity of protected areas in the West Pomeranian Province was carried out using data made available by the General Directorate for Environmental Protection (individual forms of nature protection), the Central Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Centre (territorial division units of the country), and cadastral data by districts from the Land Parcel Identification System. The study also used data from the Central Register of Nature Protection Forms maintained by the General Directorate for Environmental Protection and the Local Data Bank provided by the Central Statistical Office. Findings: The most restrictive restrictions on the management of agricultural real estate in protected areas occur in the case of the two most important legal forms of nature protection: national parks and nature reserves. With regard to the other forms of nature conservation, these restrictions are not felt as much by property owners. Originality/value: Research on the analysis of specific properties located in protected areas is rare. The authors wanted to show the constraints, difficulties faced by owners of agricultural properties located in environmentally valuable areas.

9

Comparative analysis of static and dynamic facility layouts design using the modeling of plantain flour as case study

Adeyeri Michael Kanisuru, Ayodeji Sesan Peter

Production Engineering Archives

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2022

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Vol. 28, Iss. 1

12--20

EN

Profit optimization at the expense of minimal resource utilization for product development has been the major focus of prospective investors. In an attempt to realize this goal, the present research consideration is tailored towards investigating the effect of introducing dynamic facility layout design. Therefore, this research study uses an existing designed plantain flour processing plant that consists of a washing machine, grating machine, dryer, milling machine and sieving machine. Modeling techniques incorporated with software development were employed on the existing static plant layout to optimize production time and cost of each of the processing units along with the layout. Also, dynamic constraints were introduced into the layouts while mathematical models were formulated to visualize how the output and production process would be. With these models, software for the optimization of static and dynamic layouts was developed. The comparative study was carried out based on the processing time, the number of machines needed for each layout type, the cost of operation and machine procurement cost for both static and dynamic layouts. The constraints introduced ensured that the system improved within the cost limit based on the current market situation and prevented unnecessary enlargement in the plant facility size while minimizing material congestion in the system. The distinction between static and dynamic layout configurations was further established by comparing the results from the layout configurations for a set of throughput masses ranging from 50 kg to 250 kg. Results showed that the cost of operation drops drastically by 69.6 % under dynamic layout configuration.

10

Insects as Food – Opportunities and Constraints®

Nasir Syifa Qolbiyah, Świąder Katarzyna

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

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2022

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nr 2

137--154

EN

The interest of the food and feed industry in animal protein alternatives is increasing worldwide. Among the most commonly used alternatives are plant proteins, but interest in insect proteins as well as the use of whole insects in food is still growing. The aim of this study was to analyze the possibilities of using edible insects in food as well as the limitations associated with their use in food products. The production process, safety issues, consumer opinion, popularity of insects in different corners of the world, nutritional value, as well as the sustainability of insect production as a protein source compared to conventional production are discussed. The opportunities as well as the limitations in the use of insects in food were highlighted. Many examples of the use of insects in equal food products were also given. Despite the emerging economic and environmental opportunities associated with the use of edible insects as a protein alternative in the future, there are still some limitations and restrictions on the industrialization of edible insects in food products, from the breeding, processing and promotion of edible insects to their acceptance among consumers.

PL

Zainteresowanie przemysłu spożywczego jak i paszowego alternatywami białka zwierzęcego jest coraz większe na świecie. Wśród najczęściej wykorzystywanych alternatyw są biała roślinne, niemniej jednak zainteresowanie białkiem owadzim jak również wykorzystaniem całych owadów w żywności nadal rośnie. Celem artykułu była analiza możliwości wykorzystania jadalnych owadów w żywności jak również ograniczeń związanych z ich użyciem w produktach spożywczych. Omówiono proces produkcji, kwestie dotyczące bezpieczeństwa, opinii konsumenckiej, popularności owadów w różnych zakątkach świata, wartości odżywczej, jak również zrównoważonej produkcji owadów jako źródła białka w porównaniu do produkcji konwencjonalnej. Zwrócono uwagę na możliwości jak i ograniczenia w zastosowaniu owadów w żywności. Podano również wiele przykładów wykorzystania owadów w różnych produktach spożywczych. Pomimo pojawiających się możliwości ekonomicznych i środowiskowych związanych z wykorzystaniem jadalnych owadów jako alternatywy dla białka w przyszłości, nadal istnieją pewne ograniczenia i restrykcje w uprzemysłowieniu jadalnych owadów w produktach spożywczych, od hodowli, przetwarzania i promowania jadalnych owadów po ich akceptację wśród konsumentów.

11

Prefabrykacja w budownictwie

Rybarczyk Tomasz

Izolacje

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2022

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R. 27, nr 11/12

75--77

PL

Przedmiotem artykułu jest prefabrykacja w budownictwie. Przedstawiono w nim rys historyczny powstania i stosowania prefabrykacji na polskim rynku. Przedstawiono zarówno zalety, jak i ograniczenia stosowania elementów prefabrykowanych.

EN

The subject of the article is prefabrication in construction. It presents a historical outline of the creation and use of prefabrication on the Polish market. Both the advantages and limitations of the use of prefabricated elements were presented.

12

The restrictions of human rights –covid-19 pandemic and ethical issues

Siegel Lukáš

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

|

z. 154

281--289

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to analyze some of the most significant ethical and human rights impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis aims to demonstrate the failures of many political decision that lead to restriction and limitation of human rights Design/methodology/approach: We analyze various documents, reports and news articles that provide essential information about the different governmental restrictions that may lead to controversial human rights issues. We also use some philosophical texts to support our theoretical basis for the defence of human rights. Overall, we aim to find some of the groups that were vulnerable during COVID-19 pandemic and describe some of the human rights concerns and ethical issues. Social implications: We hope that our article will impact political regulations and restrictions that can have severe human rights implications. We also hope to inspire citizens, scientists and politicians to uphold and protect human rights and dignity during COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: In our article, we have found that many countries had problems with creating rules, restriction and regulations that are upholding and protecting human rights or did not have ethical implications. We have also found that many vulnerable groups were disadvantaged because regulations did not take into account their precarious position. Originality/value: We have analyzed the ongoing ethical and human rights problems with the COVID-19 pandemic because we believe that they present some of the most fundamental challenges to our society. Our analysis tries to demonstrate some of the most fundamental human rights issues and proposes to address these issues to avoid any future failures.

13

Analiza wpływu COVID-19 na funkcjonowanie transportu pasażerskiego

Bryniarska Zofia, Kuza Aleksandra

Transport Miejski i Regionalny

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2021

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nr 10

3--18

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę wpływu Covid-19 na funkcjonowanie różnych gałęzi transportu pasażerskiego w 2020 i w pierwszej połowie 2021 roku w Polsce i na świecie. Omówiono wskaźnik surowości wprowadzanych restrykcji rządowych. Pokazano, jak wybuch pandemii Covid-19 wpłynął na decyzje rządów dotyczące wprowadzania ograniczeń w życiu społecznym oraz na zmiany w mobilności podczas trwania pandemii Covid-19. Przedstawiono zmiany wielkości przewozów w transporcie pasażerskim ogółem oraz w poszczególnych gałęziach transportu, zmiany mobilności społeczeństwa w miastach, regionach i skali międzynarodowej oraz ich wpływ na zachowania komunikacyjne społeczeństwa w przyszłości.

EN

The article presents an analysis of the impact of Covid-19 on the functioning of various modes of passenger transport in 2020 and in the first half of 2021 in Poland and in the world. The indicator of the severity of the introduced government restrictions was discussed. It shows how the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic influenced governments’ decisions to impose restrictions on social life and changes in mobility during the Covid-19 pandemic. Changes in the volume of passenger transport in total and in individual modes of transport, changes in the mobility of the society in cities, regions and on an international scale, as well as their impact on the future transport behaviour of the society were presented.

14

Impact of reverse logistics barriers on sustainable firm performance via reverse logistics practices

Waqas Muhammad, Honggang Xue, Khan Syed Abdul Rehman, Ahmad Naveed, Ullah Zia, Iqbal Muzaffar

LogForum

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2021

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Vol. 17, no. 2

213--230

EN

Background: Due to the industrial revolution, extensive production, more raw materials are consumed, which are enough for landfills and disturbing environmental integrity. RL is an established concept in developed countries in comparison to developing countries. RL implementation is in its infancy due to some barriers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the RL barriers through literature review and to check their effect on the adoption of RL practices and to explain either they influence the firm performance or not. Method: Data were collected from the employees of manufacturing companies and relevant government institutes and later were analyzed by using the structural equation modelling technique. A novel structural model connecting all study variables was developed to verify the impact of RL barriers on sustainable firm performance. Results: Study results show that Infrastructure & technology, Financial & economic, Knowledge & experience-based barriers are critical and negatively affect the adoption of RL practices. The adoption of RL practices has a positive effect on the company’s economic and environmental performance both. Further, the mediating role of adoption of RL practices between RL barriers and firm performance was also found. Conclusion: The results of this research help to extend literature presenting that the ecological modernization and new environmental laws and regulation should be integrated with enterprises to mitigate infrastructure & technology, financial & economic and knowledge & experience related barriers by conducting proper training programs and promoting sustainability among company’s top managemenT.

PL

Wstęp: Wskutek wzrastającego rozwoju przemysłowego i intensyfikacji produkcji, zużywa się coraz więcej surowców, co z kolei wpływa na stan środowiska. Logistyki zwrotna (RL) to koncepcja dobrze rozwinięta w krajach rozwiniętych w stosunku do krajów rozwijających się. Wdrożenie logistyki zwrotnej jest w swojej początkowej fazie ze względu na wiele czynników ograniczających i utrudniających jej wprowadzenie. Celem pracy jest identyfikacji barier wpływających na logistykę zwrotną poprzez przegląd literatury oraz sprawdzenie wpływu tych czynników na wdrażanie praktyk logistyki zwrotnej jak również sprawdzenie czy mają one wpływ na działalność przedsiębiorstwa czy nie. Metody: Dane do badania zostały zebrane od pracowników przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych oraz odpowiednich instytucji rządowych i poddane analizie przy zastosowaniu metody modelowania równania strukturalnego. Nowatorski model strukturalny uwzględnia w sobie wszystkie analizowane zmienne w celu oceny wpływu barier logistyki zwrotnej na rozwój zrównoważony przedsiębiorstwa. Wyniki: Badanie wykazuje, że czynniki: Infrastruktura i technologia, Finanse i ekonomia, Wiedza i doświadczenie, są czynnikami krytycznymi i mają negatywny wpływ na zaadoptowaniepraktyk logistyki zwrotnej. Wdrożenie praktyk logistyki zwrotnej ma pozytywny efekt na działalność ekonomiczną i środowiskową przedsiębiorstwa. Wnioski: Osiągnięte rezultaty pozwalają na poszerzenie dostępnej literatury, pokazując, że modernizacja ekologiczna oraz nowe prawodawstwa związane z ochroną środowiska powinno być zintegrowane w przedsiębiorstwie w celu zniwelowania barier związanych z czynnikami z grup Infrastruktura i technologia, Finanse i ekonomia, Wiedza i doświadczenie poprzez odpowiednio szkolenia oraz przez promowanie rozwoju zrównoważonego wśród szczebla najwyższego kierownictwa przedsiębiorstw.

15

COVID-19 and tourism – the case of Poland

Wiskulski Tomasz

Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG

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2020

|

nr 23(2) spec.

35--39

EN

Despite widespread information about COVID-19 disease in the media, the world did not want to acknowledge that the epidemic could get out of hand and reach Europe in a short time. This shortly led to an almost complete halt in the tourism market. Administrative decisions, whose rapid implementation was aimed to be pre-emptive action for the development of the epidemic, were not without significance for the sector of tourist services. Steps taken in Poland were perceived by many people as too drastic. This is proved, in consistence with the Senbeto and Hon model (2020), by the fact that part of the society did not obey the restrictions, taking previously planned tourist trips. The article presents actions taken at the national level and restrictions resulting from actions taken with regard to mobility related to the implementation of tourist objectives. An attempt was also made to present the consequences of the pandemic for the tourist traffic in national terms.

16

Elaboration of an expert system for sizing, designing and verifying flexible pavements

Bouacha Nadjet, Belachia Mouloud

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2020

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Vol. 30, no. 3

94--121

EN

The use of expert systems in the world of civil engineering, and in particular for roads, has become a necessity for the reason of the particularity, complexity, and diversity of the influencing parameters at the level of the design calculation, the latter of which represents the major source of subsequent degradation. This system consists of proposing a tool for helping the user firstly to size the body of the roadway, with several analytical methods and models (Pre-project, Boussinesq, Westgaard, and Burmister), and secondly, to offer different design possibilities (thickness and type of the material) that make up the layers. Lastly, it is to calculate the stresses and strains in order to compare them with admissible limits. The management of a knowledge base of complex natures (words, sentences, numbers, symbols, tables, calculation methods, equations, conditions, etc.) requires an adequate methodology which goes beyond the simple use of the technology but enables you to imagine the process of regrouping this mass of complex data and classifying the data, which can then be integrated into a database or spreadsheets and external programs designed with code compatible with the expert system generator. Our contribution relates initially to the formulation, organization, and preparation of the algorithms, and then the starting of the programs in order to conceive fully executable programs, the latter of which we can call the expert system. The validation of such a system was made as the work progressed, changes were made in the formulation of the rules, and the order and orientation of the data in the knowledge that the advantage of this type of system is the possibility of permanently reinforcing the database with human expertise in the field, or in books, especially so that we can avoid data loss due to illnesses, retirement, etc.

17

Potential and Limits of OEE in the Total Productivity Management

Šajdlerová Ivana, Schindlerová Vladimíra, Kratochvíl Jiří

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 14, no. 2

19--26

EN

For years, management of companies has been turning to proven techniques and tools to achieve even higher productivity. They hope for, if possible, all-inclusive, easy and efficient procedures to manage their production systems. In principle, this applies to all organizations, regardless of the sector or the company focus. Especially in industrial enterprises with different machines and equipment for production processes, the quantitative indicator „Overall Equipment Effectiveness“ (OEE) has been used in recent years as a key indicator to monitor their efficiency and process performance. This indicator provides relatively simple information about the possibilities and utilization of machines and equipment as well as the quality achieved in the production processes. If the OEE indicator is determined correctly, based on the available and correct data in a system, processes can be better controlled, managed and improved. However, it is important to properly monitor (decode) the data and to understand them. The paper presents the potential but also the limits (obstacles) of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) on case studies in selected domestic enterprises in the Moravian-Silesian region.

18

Elimination of constraints in the production process of power equipment components and the analysis of the resulting benefits

Knop Krzysztof

Production Engineering Archives

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2019

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Vol. 24

37--42

EN

The article presents the results regarding the elimination of constraints in the production process of a power equipment subassembly, a boiler chamber, together with an analysis of the benefits resulting from this, both financial and non-financial. The significance of bottlenecks in the production process, ways of its identification and limitations - in general - are presented. The article is a case-study of an attempt to eliminate the bottleneck in the production process of the boiler chamber, which turned out to be the process of drilling and marking-off, and work stations representing these processes. In order to eliminate the limitation, it was decided to replace the existing tracing and drilling work with a numerically controlled device - a boring machine moved from the liquidated department.. As a result, labor-intensive, manual chambers marking-off and the process of drilling holes with a smaller diameter drill have been eliminated. A number of benefits has been demonstrated resulting from the elimination of the bottleneck in the process, first of all, it was possible to reduce the duration of the marking-off and drilling operations and reduce the costs of the boiler chamber production process.

19

Nieprawidłowości w dokumentowaniu badań lekarskich w przedmiocie zdolności do kierowania pojazdami - wybrane aspekty dowodowe

Wąsik Damian

Paragraf na Drodze

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2019

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Nr 6

45--59

PL

Celem niniejszej publikacji jest próba wykazania przełożenia uchybień w dokumentowaniu badań lekarskich, poprzedzających wydanie orzeczenia lekarskiego, na kierunek rozstrzygnięć w przedmiocie uprawnień do kierowania pojazdami. Autor stara się określić granice dopuszczalnego, ale i efektywnego działania strony zgłaszającej tzw. przeciwdowód, mający zanegować prawidłowość ustaleń orzeczenia lekarskiego jako dokumentu urzędowego. W publikacji zaprezentowano m.in. aktualne poglądy sądów administracyjnych, odnoszących się do problematyki oceny orzeczenia lekarskiego jako dowodu w materii stwierdzania istnienia lub braku przeciwwskazań zdrowotnych do kierowania pojazdami.

EN

The purpose of this publication is to indicate the impact of deficiencies in documenting medical examinations on decisions regarding driving licences. The author makes an attempt at specifying the limits of the admissible and effective action of the party reporting the counter-evidence, which is to negate the correctness of the findings of the medical certificate as an official document. The publication presents, inter alia, an analysis of a number of administrative court judgements related to the issue of assessing a medical certificate as evidence in cases of establishing the existence or absence of health contraindications for driving vehicles.

20

The characterization of the stress fields near a crack tip for a compact specimen for elastic-plastic materials dominated by the plane strain state

Graba M.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 24, no. 3

549--576

EN

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the stress field near a crack tip for a compact specimen dominated by the plane strain state using the finite element method. The analysis also includes the calculation of some parameters of in-plane constraints, both for small and large strain assumptions. It discusses the influence of the material characteristic, relative crack length and external load for the stress field, and the in-plane constraint parameter. The approximation formulas for some in-plane constraint parameters are presented.