Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The CAD tool in managing the design process of machinery and equipment as a road to Industry 4.0

Niekurzak Mariusz, Lewicki Wojciech, Coban Hasan Huseyin

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

|

z. 221

425--435

EN

Purpose: The work aims to emphasize the importance of using the CAD tool in managing the design process of a selected mechanical device. The research includes comparing selected parameters from the use of innovative materials with traditional construction materials, such as steel, aluminium, or plastics. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the research, a 3D model of the body of the selected device was designed and an analysis was carried out tightened by this element from commonly used materials and innovative construction material, which is carbon fibre. The use of the CAD tool allowed us to identify the benefits and restrictions resulting from the implementation of innovative material at the stage before production. In addition, the impact of carbon fibre structure on the distribution of stress and its strength properties in various operating conditions was analyzed. Findings: The purpose of the work was to examine key parameters for the operation of the selected device without incurring real production costs. The obtained results gave a basis for analysis in the field of introducing and effective use of carbon fibre as a material used to build a given device. Research limitations/implications: The main obstacle to the wider use of carbon fibre is its high price. This is related to both production costs and limited accessibility on the market. The price of carbon fibre elements significantly exceeds the cost of components, steel or aluminium. It has been shown how a tool such as CAD can lead to a reduction in production costs already at the design stage. Practical implications: Research results are the first scientific approach indicating the possibility of using innovative materials in construction applications other than the automotive industry. By defining its efficiency and profitability. In addition, they confirm the need for further research on the processes of optimizing the cost of designing data of machinery and devices using a tool such as CAD in response to Industry 4.0 challenges. Originality/value: The originality of the study lies in the innovative approach to the use of CAD software in managing the design process of individual parts of agricultural machines in order to reduce production costs.

2

The Use of Reverse Engineering for the Development of a Model Using Computer-Aided Design

Poloczek Roksana

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2025

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nr 4 (33)

539--545

EN

The aim of this article was to investigate the potential of reverse engineering for developing digital 3D models based on real, worn mechanical components, particularly in cases where original manufacturer documentation is unavailable. The main research question concerned the effectiveness and accuracy of reproducing the geometry of a physical object using various 3D scanning technologies and CAD design tools. The subject of the study was a hydraulic cylinder ball – a worn, deformed component that could no longer be sourced on the market. Two types of 3D scanners were used in the study: a handheld device and a stationary system. Measurement data obtained from each scanner was processed in the VXelements software and then used to create precise models in the SolidWorks environment. Conventional measurements were also conducted and served as a reference point. Comparative analysis showed a high degree of consistency between the methods, with dimensional differences not exceeding 0.4 mm and 2°. The results confirm that reverse engineering, supported by 3D scanning and CAD design, is an effective solution for the individual reconstruction of technical components. The significance of the findings directly relates to industrial practice – particularly in the context of rapid prototyping, spare part reproduction, and maintenance support. The developed methodology can support the digitization and automation of engineering processes, particularly in the context of documentation management and preparation of manufacturing data. In this study, the geometry of a worn component was reproduced without attempting to reconstruct its original shape. The resulting CAD model reflects the current state of wear.

3

Advancing eye disease detection: A comprehensive study on computer-aided diagnosis with vision transformers and SHAP explainability techniques

Balaha Hossam Magdy, Hassan Asmaa El-Sayed, Ahmed Rawan Ayman, Balaha Magdy Hassan

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 45, iss. 1

23--33

EN

Eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy are common worldwide and affect millions of people. These conditions can cause severe vision problems and even lead to blindness if not treated promptly. Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial to manage these diseases effectively and prevent irreversible vision loss. This study introduces a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework for automatically detecting various eye diseases via advanced methodologies and datasets. The main focus is on classifying fundus images, which is essential for precise diagnosis and prognosis. By incorporating cutting-edge techniques such as Vision Transformers (ViTs), this study aims to improve the performance and interpretability of traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). ViTs can capture complex patterns and long-range dependencies in fundus images, helping distinguish between different eye diseases and healthy conditions. Furthermore, the study integrates SHapley additive exPlanations (SHAP) explainability techniques to provide insights into the model’s decision-making process, enhancing trust and understanding of its predictions. The results demonstrate significant performance enhancements compared with the baseline models, with an overall accuracy of 95%. This method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods by a considerable margin. Additionally, metrics such as precision, recall, intersection over union (IoU), and the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) show superior performance across various eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration. These findings underscore the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach in automated eye disease detection, indicating its potential for clinical integration and widespread adoption in healthcare settings.

4

Analysis of the basic aerodynamic characteristics of an unmanned combat aerial vehicle based on a CAD model

Szczepaniak Robert, Czyż Zbigniew, Bąbel Robert, Mańka Amadeusz, Zahorski Tomasz, Omen Łukasz, Kosicka Ewelina, Matijosius Jonas, Ngouobe Japhet Noubiap

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2025

|

Vol. 19, no. 6

235--247

EN

This paper presents an overview of selected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designs to show the development of unmanned aircraft. In this context, the paper describes the application of CAD design in creating a 3D model in order to perform basic aerodynamic CFD simulations. The IAI Heron was selected for geometry modelling. Based on digital analyses of publicly available design materials and photographs, simplified models of the selected structure were created using the SolidWorks software. Basic aerodynamic characteristics of the developed geometric model of the AIA Heron were obtained by calculations made with ANSYS Fluent. The paper analyses the results obtained and compares them to data in the literature for a similar class of UAV. The prepared model will serve as a basis for future 3D prints. The developed CFD numerical model will be used for further comparative analysis and validation in wind tunnel tests.

5

Investigation of the piston vibration modes of high-performance 2.2 L gasoline engine under different skirt lengths

Zavos Anastasios

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2024

|

Vol. 35, nr 2

art. no. 2024220

EN

This paper aims to perform modal and harmonic response analyses to show how the piston skirt length reacts. The studied aluminium piston was generated in CATIA CAD Software and consequentially this was simulated in ANSYS software using modal and harmonic response tools. The piston finite element model was built to predict the basic modal parameters such as: natural frequencies, vibration modes and deformations. Different grid sensitivity tests have been done to improve the accuracy of the piston model. The piston with larger skirt has shown 77% higher vibration deformations than piston with smaller skirt. The proposed methodology can be easily used by a design engineer to perform dynamic behaviour studies of moving components and assemblies in Internal Combustion engines and not only.

6

Efektywne projektowanie maszyn z wykorzystaniem funkcji "i" Autodesk Inventor

Bołoz Łukasz

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2024

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Vol. 13, iss. 1

31--40

PL

Programy typu CAD (Computer Aided Design) są podstawowym narzędziem pracy konstruktora wszelkiego rodzaju maszyn i urządzeń. Programy te przede wszystkim pozwalają na projektowanie w 3D oraz tworzenie związanej z modelem dokumentacji technicznej. Projektowanie w 3D pozwala na tworzenie elementów i złożeń przy jednoczesnej weryfikacji wielu cech fizycznych i użytkowych projektu oraz eliminowaniu błędów typu kolizje geometryczne. W trakcie projektowania nierzadko występują powtarzające się elementy. Mogą to być fragmenty pojedynczej części, całe części lub też złożenia. Wychodząc naprzeciw konstruktorom, programy typu CAD posiadają funkcje ułatwiające automatyzację projektowania, w tym tworzenie rodzin części i złożeń oraz typoszeregów. W programie Autodesk Inventor Professional dostępne są funkcje iFeature, iPart, iMate, iAssembly, iLogic oraz iCopy, które znacząco ułatwiają oraz przyspieszają projektowanie. W artykule przedstawiono, na wybranych przykładach, praktyczne zastosowanie funkcji „i” programu Autodesk Inventor Professional w projektowania maszyn i urządzeń.

EN

CAD (Computer Aided Design) programs are the basic tool for the mechanical designer of all types of machines and devices. These programs primarily allow for 3D design and the creation of technical documentation related to the model. Designing in 3D allows to create elements and assemblies while verifying many physical and functional features of the project and eliminating errors such as geometric collisions. During design, it is not uncommon to encounter repeating, similar elements. These may be fragments of a single part, entire parts or even assemblies. To meet the needs of designers, CAD programs have functions that facilitate design automation, including the creation of families of parts and assemblies as well as series of types. Autodesk Inventor Professional includes several tools like iFeature, iPart, iMate, iAssembly, iLogic and iCopy, which significantly facilitate and accelerate design. The article presents, using selected examples, the practical use of the "i" function of Autodesk Inventor Professional in the design of machines and devices.

7

Wdrożenie BIM w przedsiębiorstwie projektowym

Borkowski Andrzej Szymon

Rynek Instalacyjny

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2024

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Nr 1-2

97--100

PL

Planowanie i realizacja obiektów budowlanych to złożone przedsięwzięcie, w które zaangażowanych jest wielu interesariuszy z różnych dziedzin i branż. Aby projekt budowlany zakończył się sukcesem, konieczne jest ciągłe uzgadnianie i intensywna wymiana informacji między wszystkimi osobami zaangażowanymi w projekt.

8

Zastosowanie systemu CAD w koncepcji budowy klockowej odzieży spersonalizowanej – kolekcja spódnic damskich – studium przypadku

Cichocka Agnieszka

Przegląd Włókienniczy - Włókno, Odzież, Skóra

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2024

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nr 5

23--27

PL

Praca przedstawia potencjał stosowania modułów systemu CAD w projektowaniu kolekcji odzieży w koncepcji budowy klockowej odzieży (w tym również spersonalizowanej), wykorzystując je kompleksowo, także w praktycznym aspekcie realizacji prototypu, obejmując także opracowanie dokumentacji techniczno-technologicznej (DTT) wyrobu odzieżowego na przykładzie procesu projektowania kolekcji spódnic damskich. Jednocześnie, zaprezentowana w artykule metodologia dowodzi że nowoczesne systemy CAD pozwala ją wspierać i rewolucjonizować m.in. koncepcję budowy klockowej w projektowaniu odzieży poprzez digitalizację form odzieży i tworzenie baz danych modeli wybranych asortymentów odzieży. Ponadto, opracowane formy odzieżowe, które zapisano w bazie danych, są nieustannie dostępne, co pozwala na ich ponowne wykorzystanie.

EN

The paper presents the potential of using CAD system modules in designing clothing collections in the concept of block construction clothing (including personalized), using them comprehensively, also in the practical aspect of prototype implementation, also including the development of technical and technological documentation (DTT) of a clothing product on the example of the process of designing a collection of women’s skirts. At the same time, the methodology presented in the article proves that modern CAD systems allow supporting and revolutionizing, among others, the concept of building block in clothing design by digitizing clothing forms and creating databases of models of selected clothing assortments. In addition, the developed clothing forms, which were saved in the database, are constantly available, which allows for their reuse.

9

Wykorzystanie systemów CAX w projektowaniu układu wydechowego dwusuwowego silnika spalinowego

Samul Wojciech, Małecki Dominik, Stefański Patryk

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2024

|

nr 9

16--20

PL

Artykuł prezentuje wykorzystanie systemów CAD w projektowaniu układu wydechowego motocyklowego silnika spalinowego. Autorzy prezentują znaczenie zastosowania skanowania przestrzennego oraz modelowania 3D do wykonania układu wydechowego motocykla Yamaha YZ 85. Zaprezentowane zostały również badania trakcyjne silnika na hamowni motocyklowej z użyciem zaprojektowanego wydechu.

EN

The article presents the use of CAD systems in the design of the exhaust system of a motorcycle combustion engine. The authors present the importance of using spatial scanning and 3D modeling to create the exhaust system of the Yamaha YZ 85 motorcycle. Engine traction tests using the designed exhaust on a motorcycle dynamometer were also presented.

10

The influence of the model material layer thickness in the additive process on selected strength parameters

Bernaczek Jacek, Cichosz Piotr

Polish Technical Review

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2024

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No. 4

9--14

EN

The subject of the research is to analyze the influence of the elementary thickness of the model material layer in the additive process on the tensile and torsional strength of the manufactured elements. The FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) thermoplastic modeling technique was used to produce standard research samples. The selected model material was the commonly used PET material. Test models were developed in the CAD (Computer Aided Design) environment. The additive process was developed in dedicated tool software by defining the layer thicknesses at levels of 0.2 and 0.3 mm, respectively. The produced series of FFF samples were subjected to tests In a static tensile test and a static torsional test. The results determined in the strength tests were subjected to comparative analysis.

PL

Przedmiotem badań jest analiza wpływu grubości elementarnej warstwy materiału modelowego w procesie przyrostowym na wytrzymałość na rozciąganie i skręcanie wytwarzanych elementów. Do wytworzenia standardowych próbek badawczych wykorzystano technikę modelowania tworzywem termoplastycznym FFF (ang. Fused Filament Fabrication). Wybranym materiałem modelowym było powszechnie wykorzystywane tworzywo PET. Modele testowe opracowano w środowisku CAD (ang. Computer Aided Design). Proces przyrostowy opracowano w dedykowanym oprogramowaniu narzędziowym definiując grubości warstwy na poziomach odpowiednio 0,2 i 0,3 mm. Wytworzone serie próbek FFF poddano badaniom w statycznej próbie rozciągania i statycznej próbie skręcania. Wyznaczone w przedmiotowych próbach wytrzymałościowych wyniki poddano analizie porównawczej.

11

Building a Cad-Native Digital Twin for Ndt and Plm: Workflow, Tools, and Case Study

Sobociński Miłosz, Synaszko Piotr, Dragan Krzysztof, Kotowski Jakub

Fatigue of Aircraft Structures

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2024

|

Iss.16

161--187

EN

Digital twins (DTs) can connect inspection data with product models to support safer, more efficient lifecycle decisions. This paper proposes a CAD-native workflow for implementing a digital twin that visualizes and manages non-destructive testing (NDT) results directly on a 3D model. The method supports over-the-surface data (ultrasonic C-scans, UT) via UV mapping and projected images (thermography, TT) via planar projection, both executed in Siemens NX with custom macros for point localization and on-surface measurement. We validate the approach on a bottom nacelle panel from a Honeywell HTF7000 turbofan engine, acquired via 3D scanning and reverse engineering. The resulting digital twin preserves a persistent spatial link between inspection images and geometry, enables remote sizing and review, and centralizes result management in the CAD environment for PLM use cases (e.g., defect history, trend analysis). Timelines indicate higher initial effort but reduced on-site workload and travel for qualified inspectors thereafter. Limitations include large file sizes when storing geometry and multiple images in a single model; we outline a lightweight distribution strategy and future automation/VR enhancements. The findings demonstrate the feasibility and practical value of CAD-resident digital twins for NDT visualization, remote evaluation, and product lifecycle management.

12

Projektowanie urządzeń technicznych wspomagających osoby niepełnosprawne z wykorzystaniem nowoczesnych materiałów i technologii

Mianowski Krzysztof

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

|

2023

|

R. 91, nr 7

26--34

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki prac własnych autora dotyczące nowoczesnych rozwiązań protez/ortez zarówno tzw. biernych (wspomagających bez napędu zewnętrznego), jak i aktywnych (sterowanych przez użytkownika ale napędzanych zewnętrznie) wykonanych wg nowoczesnych reguł projektowych z wykorzystaniem nowych materiałów nowoczesną metodą wydruku 3D. Są to urządzenia opracowane i zaprojektowane zgodnie z zasadą custom design (dopasowane do potrzeb indywidualnego użytkownika) do wykorzystania przez osoby niepełnosprawne lub chore (również w podeszłym wieku). Urządzenia takie mogą też służyć do wspomagania treningu wzmacniającego u osób z chorobowym obciążeniem aparatu ruchowego, w tym osób starszych. Zdaniem autora wykorzystanie tych technologii może pozwolić na opracowanie nowych rozwiązań protez/ortez w sposób zapewniający obniżenie ich masy, zwiększenie trwałości i znaczne obniżenie kosztów wykonania, dzięki czemu będą dostępniejsze dla pacjentów.

EN

This article presents results of the author's own work on modern solutions of prostheses/orthoses, both the so-called passive (supporting without an external drive) and active (operated by the user but driven externally) made according to modern design rules using new materials with a modern 3D printing method. These are devices developed and designed in accordance with the custom design principle (adjusted to the needs of an individual user) for use by disabled or sick people (including the elderly). Such devices can also be used to support strengthening training in people with a pathological load on the locomotor apparatus, including the elderly. According to the author, the use of new technologies may allow the development of new solutions for prostheses/orthoses in a way that reduces their weight, increases durability and significantly reduces the cost of production, thanks to which they will be more accessible to patients.

13

Searching for the best optimizer for an automated CAD system

Starzyński Jacek, Szmurło Robert, Rowiński Piotr, Michalski Andrzej, Watral Zbigniew, Wincenciak Stanisław

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2023

|

R. 99, nr 1

167--169

EN

It is recommend not to exceed the abstract length more than four lines. It is recommend not to exceed the abstract length more than four lines. It is recommend not to exceed the abstract length more than four lines. It is recommend not to exceed the abstract length more than four lines.

14

Comparative study of optimizations for control problem using fuzzy type-2

Cavalcante Mário Sérgio F. F., Soares Livia M. C. M., Araújo Ícaro B. Q., Araújo Fábio M. U.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2023

|

R. 99, nr 2

37--50

EN

In general, fuzzy logic are able to handle several problems that classic logic is not cabaple, mainly due its capacity to represent the imprecision and uncertanty of human logic and reasoning. But, even classic fuzzy logic or type-1 fuzzy logic are not adquate to fully represent the human knowledge, so type-2 fuzzy logic is more suitable to solve this problem. Controllers based on those logic are known as type-1 and type-2 fuzzy controllers, these controllers are hard to tune due its large number of parameters. In literature, there are a lot of strategy to solve this problem for both controllers based on meta-heuristics. To investigate and validate the controllers obtained it was used a Servo motor from Quanser, a control problem which requires precision and velocity in error correction. We tested several controlers and optimization techniques based on classic PI controllers and particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithms and ant colony optimization based on three diferents avaliation index IEA, ITEA e Goodhard index. By analyzing the results obtained, the type-2 fuzzy controller showed significant gain for the control of this plant, when optimized with the PSO method. From the results, it can also be inferred that the ant algorithm was not suitable for this problem, with the proposed evaluation function.

PL

W przemyśle kilka strategii i algorytmów sterowania jest już używanych i opisanych w literaturze. Wśród istniejących technik, regulatory rozmyte wyróżniają się zdolnością do radzenia sobie z poważnymi nieliniowościami występującymi w rzeczywistych instalacjach oraz zdolnością do reprezentowania wiedzy eksperckiej, która jest nieprecyzyjna i matematycznie niedokładna. W tej pracy zbadano dwa typy istniejących regulatorów rozmytych opartych na modelu Sugeno, są to rozmyte typu 1, tutaj sklasyfikowane jako konwencjonalne rozmyte i rozmyte typu 2. Analizując otrzymane wyniki, regulator rozmyty typu 2 wykazał znaczny zysk w sterowaniu t ˛a instalacją, gdy został zoptymalizowany metod ˛a PSO. Z wyników można równie ˙ z wywnioskować, że algorytm mrówkowy nie był odpowiedni dla tego problemu z zaproponowaną funkcją ewaluacyjną.

15

Integration of Systems of the Exemplary Model Using Modern Tools of Industry 4.0

Daniel Natalia, Kaczmarek Wojciech, Borys Szymon, Paszkowski Robert

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

|

2023

|

Vol. 14, Nr 3 (53)

119--130

EN

Industry 4.0 is a common term that is constantly evolving. It involves the participation of different disciplines and areas of knowledge, as well as the integration of multiple technologies, both mature and emerging. Industry 4.0 defines things like the increase in demand for products that are customised. Personalisation goes hand in hand with differentiation in small batches, unique products and high production flexibility. That is why manufacturing companies use advanced technologies to accurately prepare for changes in global production. The authors aim to present an example of an integrated management system designed in line with “Industry 4.0” using the military sector as an instance. The developed integrated system combines: an ERP system, a CAD system, a PDM plug-in, an ERP Plus plug-in, a database system and a mobile application.

PL

Przemysł 4.0 to pojęcie powszechnie i podlega ono ciągłej ewolucji. Obejmuje udział różnych dyscyplin i obszarów wiedzy, a także integrację wielu technologii, zarówno dojrzałych, jak i dopiero powstających. Przemysł 4.0 definiuje między innymi wzrost zapotrzebowania na produkty, które są dostosowane do indywidualnych potrzeb klienta. Personalizacja idzie w parze z różnicowaniem w małych seriach, unikalnych produktach oraz dużą elastycznością produkcji. Dlatego firmy produkcyjne wykorzystują zaawansowane technologie, aby precyzyjnie przygotować się do zmian w skali globalnej produkcji. Celem autorów jest przedstawienie przykładu zintegrowanego systemu zarządzania, zaprojektowanego zgodnie z założeniami "Przemysłu 4.0" na przykładzie sektora wojskowego. Opracowany zintegrowany system łączy ze sobą: system ERP, system CAD, wtyczkę PDM, wtyczkę ERP Plus, system bazodanowy oraz aplikację mobilną.

16

Geometria dachów

Dudzik Piotr

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

|

2023

|

R. 79, nr 5-6

293--298

PL

Przedstawiono problematykę dotyczącą geometrycznego wyznaczania dachów. Uwzględniono dachy o płaskich połaciach o jednakowym i dowolnym ich nachyleniu. Zwrócono uwagę na możliwe niepożądane rozwiązania, jak również wykorzystanie programów typu CAD.

EN

The issue of the geometric determination of roofs is presented. Roofs with flat slopes where the slope is equal as well as roofs with any slope are considered. The article highlights potential undesirable solutions as well as the use of CAD software.

17

Assessment measures of an ensemble classifier based on the distributivity equation to predict the presence of severe coronary artery disease

Rak Ewa, Szczur Adam, Bazan Jan G., Bazan-Socha Stanisława

International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

|

2023

|

Vol. 33, no. 3

361--377

EN

The aim of this study is to apply and evaluate the usefulness of the hybrid classifier to predict the presence of serious coronary artery disease based on clinical data and 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. Our approach relies on an ensemble classifier applying the distributivity equation aggregating base classifiers accordingly. Such a method may be helpful for physicians in the management of patients with coronary artery disease, in particular in the face of limited access to invasive diagnostic tests, i.e., coronary angiography, or in the case of contraindications to its performance. The paper includes results of experiments performed on medical data obtained from the Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland. The data set contains clinical data, data from Holter ECG (24-hour ECG monitoring), and coronary angiography. A leave-one-out cross-validation technique is used for the performance evaluation of the classifiers on a data set using the WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) tool. We present the results of comparing our hybrid algorithm created from aggregation with the distributive equation of selected classification algorithms (multilayer perceptron network, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, naïve Bayes, and random forests) with themselves on raw data.

18

Analysis of a crash on a vehicle system by adjusting appropriate input parameters to manage energy absorption capacity for enhancing passenger safety

Dhamone Sagar Parashuram, Padmakumar Arunkumar

Acta Innovations

|

2023

|

no. 50

5--17

EN

The aim of the research is to develop a front bumper system that absorbs maximum impact energy as compared to the current bumper available in the market, Bumper design is based on increasing the area of the crumping zone to slow down the collision and observe the impacts taking place at the time of jerks and reduces the percentage of damage. To develop the system, the number of load cases tested numerically in passive safety simulation has increased significantly in recent years. The variety of applications may be divided into three main topics: structural crashworthiness of the whole car, passenger protection, and crashworthiness of components. Present theories and practices. To absorb impact, the front bumper of the car uses a spring-loaded system that is installed between the bumper and the support for the chassis structure. This system is made of metal and serves as the bumper's structural foundation. A honeycomb structure is being added to the bumper as a composite material together with a layer of galvanized iron as it is being created in this manner, which increases strength while weighing less. This arrangement design is suitable for psychoacoustics, varying velocity explicit analysis is performed with the approach of finite element analysis, experimental testing is carried out for the validation of the value and advanced manufacturing methods are implemented with statistical results, and one of the cheapest systems is developed as compared to the current bumper systems.

19

Zastosowanie modeli 3D CAD w systemach poszerzonej rzeczywistości

Januszka Marcin

Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie

|

2022

|

nr 11-12

33--37

PL

Przedsiębiorstwa obecnie opracowują i wytwarzają coraz bardziej złożone produkty. Aby cały proces przebiegał jeszcze efektywniej, coraz częściej nacisk kładzie się na wykorzystanie najnowocześniejszych technologii, takich jak modele 3D w połączeniu z technikami poszerzonej rzeczywistości.

20

A hybrid approach of a deep learning technique for real-time ECG beat detection

Patro Kiran Kumar, Prakash Allam Jaya, Samantray Saunak, Pławiak Joanna, Tadeusiewicz Ryszard, Pławiak Paweł

International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

|

2022

|

Vol. 32, no. 3

455--465

EN

This paper presents a new customized hybrid approach for early detection of cardiac abnormalities using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The ECG is a bio-electrical signal that helps monitor the heart’s electrical activity. It can provide health information about the normal and abnormal physiology of the heart. Early diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities is critical for cardiac patients to avoid stroke or sudden cardiac death. The main aim of this paper is to detect crucial beats that can damage the functioning of the heart. Initially, a modified Pan–Tompkins algorithm identifies the characteristic points, followed by heartbeat segmentation. Subsequently, a different hybrid deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to experiment on standard and real-time long-term ECG databases. This work successfully classifies several cardiac beat abnormalities such as supra-ventricular ectopic beats (SVE), ventricular beats (VE), intra-ventricular conduction disturbances beats (IVCD), and normal beats (N). The obtained classification results show a better accuracy of 99.28% with an F1 score of 99.24% with the MIT–BIH database and a descent accuracy of 99.12% with the real-time acquired database.