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The infinite loop: exploring immortality through machine learning

Kuraś Paweł, Satko Adam

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Elektrotechnika

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2025

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Vol. 31

19--33

EN

The topic of immortality is being seen as a science fiction. However, with the world rapidly reaching the fourth industrial revolution, scientists should put more emphasis on the emerging possibility of attaining immortality with the outstanding pace of Machine Learning (ML) development. The summary of modern research in areas such as gene editing, Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) and wetware computing through ML would also be presented to support the idea of the urgent importance of immortality possibility. This article provides the naming convention that depicts different aspects of immortality: generated, digital and physical and how they could be achieved. It also provides the general predictions presenting the possibility of achieving Generated Immortality by 2025.

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Nanotechnologia w przemyśle spożywczym

Gajlewicz Izabela, Lenartowicz-Klik Marta

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2025

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T. 79, nr 12

54--57

PL

Nanotechnologia to interdyscyplinarna dziedzina nauki zajmująca się materią w skali 1 do 100 nanometrów (nm) [11-13], która rewolucjonizuje przemysł spożywczy, oferując niepowtarzalne możliwości w zakresie przetwarzania, konserwowania, pakowania oraz kontroli jakości i bezpieczeństwa żywności. Unikalne właściwości fizyczne i chemiczne nanomateriałów pozwalają na tworzenie produktów o wydłużonej trwałości, lepszych walorach odżywczych i sensorycznych. W artykule przedstawiono kluczowe zastosowania nanotechnologii w przemyśle spożywczym, analizując związane z nimi korzyści, a także omówiono potencjalne podstawy toksykologiczne oraz ocenę ryzyka nanomateriałów w tych nowych produktach spożywczych i na celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa tych innowacji.

EN

Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field of science dealing with matter on a scale of 1 to 100 nanometers (nm) [11-13], which is revolutionizing the food industry by offering unique opportunities in the areas of processing, preservation, packaging, and food quality and safety control. The unique physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials allow for the creation of products with extended shelf life and improved nutritional and sensory qualities. The article presents the key applications of nanotechnology in the food industry, analyzing the associated benefits, and discusses the potential toxicological basis and risk assessment of nanomaterials in these new food products with the aim of ensuring the safety of these innovations.

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Celuloza 2.0. - naturalny materiał w nowoczesnych technologiach

Tomkowiak Karolina

Przegląd Papierniczy

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2025

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R. 81, nr 3

151--157

PL

Artykuł przedstawia nowoczesne zastosowania celulozy, ukazując jej transformację z tradycyjnego surowca wykorzystywanego w produkcji papieru i tekstyliów (celuloza 1.0) do innowacyjnego materiału znajdującego zastosowanie w zaawansowanych technologiach (celuloza 2.0). Omówiono najnowsze technologie wykorzystujące celulozę, w tym biokompozyty, inteligentne opakowania, materiały dla inżynierii biomedycznej, druk 3D oraz elektronikę. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono roli celulozy w zastępowaniu konwencjonalnych tworzyw sztucznych i innych syntetycznych materiałów, co czyni ją kluczowym elementem zrównoważonego rozwoju i gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym. Celuloza 2.0 to nie tylko ekologiczna alternatywa dla tworzyw sztucznych, ale także materiał o ogromnym potencjale w przyszłych innowacjach technologicznych. Artykuł pokazuje, jak ten naturalny surowiec może przyczynić się do tworzenia nowoczesnych, przyjaznych środowisku rozwiązań, odpowiadając na rosnące potrzeby społeczne i ekologiczne XXI wieku.

EN

The article explores the modern applications of cellulose, highlighting its evolution from a traditional material used in the production of paper and textiles (cellulose 1.0) to an innovative material with various uses in advanced technologies (cellulose 2.0). It discusses the latest technologies that incorporate cellulose, including biocomposites, smart packaging, materials for biomedical engineering, 3D printing, and flexible electronics. Particular emphasis is placed on cellulose’s potential to replace conventional plastics and other synthetic materials, positioning it as a crucial element in sustainable development and the circular economy. Cellulose 2.0 stands out not only as an eco-friendly alternative to plastics but also as a material with significant potential for future technological innovations. The article illustrates how this natural raw material can help develop modern, environmentally friendly solutions that address the growing social and environmental challenges of the 21st century.

4

Rola nanokrzemionki w kształtowaniu właściwości mechanicznych kompozytów o matrycy cementowej

Iskra-Kozak Wioleta

Przegląd Budowlany

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2025

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R. 96, nr 4

116--119

PL

Celem pracy była ocena wpływu nanokrzemionki (NS) na wytrzymałość na ściskanie kompozytów o matrycy cementowej w różnych okresach dojrzewania. Analizowano kompozyty z dodatkiem NS w ilości 0,5 i 2,5% masy spoiwa, przy dwóch stosunkach wodno-spoiwowych (w/s = 0,45 i 0,55). Próby poddano badaniu wytrzymałości na ściskanie po 3, 7, 28, 90 i 180 dniach. Wyniki badań wykazały, że modyfikacja kompozytów cementowych nanokrzemionką prowadzi do wzrostu ich wytrzymałości na ściskanie w porównaniu do wzorcowych, niemodyfikowanych o takim samym stosunku wodno-spoiwowym. Najwyższą wytrzymałość na ściskanie po 28 dniach dojrzewania, wynoszącą 60 MPa uzyskano dla zaprawy zawierającej 2,5% nanokrzemionki przy stosunku w/s = 0,45, co stanowiło wzrost tej wytrzymałości w stosunku do zaprawy niemodyfikowanej o 40%. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że zastosowanie nanokrzemionki w ilości 2,5% w stosunku do masy spoiwa, w tego rodzaju kompozytach o matrycy cementowej, pozwala uzyskać znaczącą poprawę ich wytrzymałości na ściskanie. Szczególnie zauważalna poprawa była przy niższym stosunku wodno-spoiwowym.

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of nanosilica (NS) on the compressive strength of cement matrix composites at different curing periods. Composites with NS additions of 0,5 and 2,5% of the binder mass were analyzed, with two water-to-binder ratios (w/b = 0,45 and 0,55). Compressive strength tests were conducted after 3, 7, 28, 90, and 180 days. The results showed that modifying cementitious composites with nanosilica leads to an increase in their compressive strength compared to reference, unmodified composites with the same water-to-binder ratio. The highest compressive strength after 28 days of curing, reaching 60 MPa, was obtained for the mortar containing 2,5% nanosilica at a w/b ratio of 0,45, representing a 40% increase in strength compared to the unmodified mortar. The obtained results indicate that using nanosilica at a dosage of 2,5% of the binder mass in such cement matrix composites allows for a significant improvement in their compressive strength. This improvement was particularly noticeable at a lower water-to-binder ratio.

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Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Military and Defence Strategies

Parate Bhupesh Ambadas

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

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2025

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Vol. 16, Nr 2 (60)

9--26

EN

Nowadays, nanotechnology has become very popular, and life without it is difficult to imagine. This technology concerns nanomaterials and has wide applications in science, engineering, medicine, defence, and industrial sectors. Nanotechnology is a term coined by Norio Taniguchi in 1974. Usually, it is used to describe processes in semiconductors, such as thin-film deposition. It deals with phenomena on the scale of nanometres. The processes central to nanotechnology, such as separation, deformation, and consolidation, can be performed on a single atom or molecule. Compared to bulk materials, matter at the nanoscale exhibits unusual properties and is highly reactive. This affects the electrical properties and strength of these materials. The primary purpose of using this technology in various applications is to fabricate novel products, formulated with new materials and chemicals, and replace currently available equipment with systems offering improved performance levels. Carbon nanotubes play a role in enhancing the strength of materials, body armour, radar-absorbing structures, smart textiles, detection/neutralisation of warfare agents, wearable thermoelectric devices, water purification, sensors, and flat-panel displays. One significant strategy for sustainable development is the invention of lighter materials. These lighter materials are at the top of the list of innovative engineering materials that may be used in any technological or engineering sector. The content of this research paper is entirely based on an oration delivered by an author on ‘Technology Day’ that is celebrated every year. The author collected information through various research papers and internet those are available in the open access.

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Nanotechnologia w gospodarce ściekowej

Nowakowicz Bartłomiej

Forum Eksploatatora

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2025

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Nr 3 (132)

33-37

PL

W obliczu nowych wyzwań związanych z gospodarką ściekową, wynikających m.in. z nowej dyrektywy ściekowej DE (stopniowa implementacja do 2039/2045 roku), konieczne staje się wdrażanie innowacyjnych technologii pozwalających na osiągnięcie neutralności klimatycznej oraz spełnienie rygorystycznych norm dotyczących usuwania zanieczyszczeń.

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Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for nanoparticle toxicity research

Łakomy Weronika, Myślińska Maria, Tarnawska Ewa, Kulig Karolina, Owczarzy Aleksandra, Rogóż Wojciech, Maciążek-Jurczyk Małgorzata

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2025

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vol. 28, no. 173

art. no. 2

EN

Nanotechnology is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field that combines branches of science such as engineering, physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, biotechnology, medicine, and pharmacy. Due to the rapid growth of interest in nanotechnology, new methods are needed to study the effects of nanoparticles on living organisms. In combination with in vitro and in vivo studies on vertebrate animals, valuable research data can be obtained through in vivo studies on invertebrates. Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster), widely known as the fruit fly, has long been a cornerstone of genetic and developmental biology research. Its popularity owes to the short life cycle and approximately 13,600 genes, many of which are homologous to human genes. In recent years, the use of D. melanogaster has also been extended to the rapidly growing scientific field of nanotechnology. As a model organism, D. melanogaster offers a unique combination of genetic tractability and conservativeness of biological pathways, making it an ideal candidate for studying the biological impacts of nanoparticles. This article discusses the types of nanoparticles as a drug delivery system, one of their classifications, and use in pharmacy. It also reviews the growing role of D. melanogaster in nanoparticle research, highlighting its potential to provide insights mainly into nanoparticle toxicity, biodistribution, and therapeutic applications.

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Gospodarka wodorowa jako segment rozwoju energetki rozproszonej

Dudek Magdalena, Adamczyk Bartosz, Boruta Piotr, Bujok Tomasz, Chmielniak Tomasz, Gogacz Michał, Gołdasz Andrzej, Kalawa Wojciech, Lach Jakub, Lis Łukasz, Mika Łukasz, Naperty Rafał, Nowak Wojciech, Radomska Ewelina, Raźniak Andrzej, Sztekler Karol, Winiarz Piotr, Wójcikowski Artur, Zasada-Chruścińska Katarzyna, Zheng Kun, Zych Anita

Energetyka Rozproszona

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2025

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nr 13-14

149--162

PL

W artykule przedstawiono współczesne zagadnienie łań¬cucha rozwoju gospodarki wodorowej, z podkreśleniem prac B+R podejmowanych przez pracowników naukowych z Wydziału Energetyki i Paliw oraz Centrum Energetyki AGH w Krakowie. Główne nurty badań przedstawione w artykule dotyczą wytwarzania niskoemisyjnego wodoru z gazu ziemnego, biomasy, elektrolizy wody; magazynowania i jego wykorzystania do produkcji energii elektryczneji ciepła w silnikach, turbinach gazowych czy ogniwach paliwowych; a także interdyscyplinarnych zagadnień rozwoju nowych materiałów czy metod diagnostycznych dla energetyki wodorowej. Opracowanie podsumowuje doświadczenia z realizacji wielu prac B+R, również we współpracy z krajowymi i międzynarodowymi podmiotami gospodarczymi czy specjalistycznymi ośrodkami badawczymi.

EN

The artcle presents current topics in the development chain of the hydrogen economy and highlights the R&D initiatives of researchers from the Faculty of Energy and Fuels and the Energy Center of the AGH University of Krakow. The main research trends presented in the artcle concern the following topics: i) the production of low-emission hydrogen from natural gas, biomass and water electrolysis, ii) the storage and use of hydrogen to generate electricity and heat in engines, gas turbines or fuel cells, iii) interdisciplinary issues of developing new materials or diagnostc methods for electrochemical devices. This study was prepared on the basis of the authors' experience in carrying out numerous R&D projects, also in cooperaton with domestc and foreign industry or in international scientific cooperation. The article also presents selected research statons and devices intended forconductng interdiscipli¬nary research in the field of hydrogen.

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Intelligent Design of an Ultra-Thin Near-Ideal Multilayer Solar Selective Absorber Using Grey Wolf Optimization Linked to Deep Learning

Gliti Oussama, El Idrissi Mohamed Chafik, Igouzal Mohammed

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 2

70--87

EN

This study explored the development of an optimal effective solar absorber by leveraging recent advancements in artificial intelligence and nanotechnology. A predictive computational approach for designing a multilayer metal-dielectric thin film solar selective absorber, specifically the SiO2/Cr/SiO2/Cr/SiO2/Cu structure was proposed. The adopted approach integrates the transfer matrix method (TMM) as a predictive electromagnetic tool and combines it with the swarm-based heuristic algorithm grey wolf optimization (GWO) linked to machine learning algorithms, specifically the artificial neural network (ANN). Through dynamic modeling and rigorous testing against multiple static versions, the adopted approach demonstrates exceptional predictive performance with an value of 0.999. The results obtained using this novel GWO-ANN approach reveal near-perfect broadband absorption of 0.996534 and low emission of 0.194170594 for the designed thin film structure. These outcomes represent a significant advancement in photo-to-thermal conversion efficiency, particularly for a working temperature of 500 °C and a solar concentration of 100 suns, showcasing its potential for practical applications across various fields. Additionally, the designed structure meets the stringent thermal stability requirements necessary for current Concentrated solar power (CSP) projects. This emphasizes its suitability for integration into existing CSP systems and highlights its potential to contribute to advancements in solar energy technology.

10

Green Nanofertilizers – The Need for Modern Agriculture, Intelligent, and Environmentally-Friendly Approaches

Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman Mohammad, Singh Abhishek, Rajput Vishnu D., Varshney Ashi, Agrawal Shreni, Ghazaryan Karen, Minkina Tatiana, Al Zoubi Omar Mahmoud, Habeeb Talaat, Dionis Lysenko, Hasan Hanan Aref, Shawaqfeh Samar

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

1--21

EN

The distinctive qualities and wide array of possible applications of nanotechnology have garnered considerable attention. Nanotechnology offers a groundbreaking way for expanding agricultural output that is also ecologically benign, helpful to living things, and economically priced – all without losing quality. There is a growing trend towards using eco-friendly technologies as substitutes for conventional agricultural inputs, such as fertilizers and insecticides. With the aid of nanotechnology, the confines of conventional farming techniques can be overcome. As a result, it becomes essential for investigators to devote their energies to the noteworthy nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture investigations that have been distributed. It offered a fresh perspective on the development and application of nanoparticles as nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides in agriculture and a way to heighten bio-factor execution. Furthermore, we discuss the relations of NPs with plants, the perils and putrefaction of nanomaterials in plants, and the utility of NPs in the reduction of stress triggered by heavy metal toxicity and abiotic factors. It is imperative that nano-fertilizers are practiced to reduce the environmental maltreatment caused by conventional, inorganic fertilizers. Nano-fertilizers are more sensitive and have the ability to penetrate the epidermis, empowering them to promote nutrient consumption efficiency while reducing nutrient overabundance. A study found that NPs may cause oxidative stress symptoms in higher plants if they adhere to cell surfaces or organelles. Understanding the benefits and drawbacks of using nano-fertilizers instead of conventional fertilizers is valuable, and it is the purpose of this book chapter to provide this information.

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Review of nanoantennas application

Kavankova Iva, Kovar Stanislav, Valouch Jan, Adamek Milan

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 1

13--17

EN

Currently, nanoantennas represent significant potential for the future, and the scientific community is putting a lot of effort into developing these devices. Many publications deal with different types such as plasmonic, dielectric, or hybrid, and structures of nanoantennas such as dipole, Yagi-Uda, and others; therefore, the idea arose to create an article summarizing the possibilities of using these devices in the last five years. The paper focuses on a brief description of currently investigated types of antennas, especially in the scientific field, and lists the most common applications of nanoantennas.

PL

Obecnie nanoanteny mają znaczny potencjał na przyszłość, a społeczność naukowa wkłada wiele wysiłku w rozwój tych urządzeń. Wiele publikacji dotyczy różnych typów, takich jak plazmoniczne, dielektryczne lub hybrydowe, oraz struktur nanoanten, takich jak dipol, Yagi-Uda i inne; zrodził się więc pomysł stworzenia artykułu podsumowującego możliwości wykorzystania tych urządzeń w ciągu ostatnich pięciu lat. W artykule skupiono się na zwięzłej charakterystyce obecnie badanych rodzajów anten, zwłaszcza w obszarze naukowym, oraz wymieniono najczęstsze zastosowania anten nanoanteny.

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The Effect of Nanomaterial Type on Water Disinfection Using Data Mining

Hamdan Mohammad, Khalil Rana Haj, Abdelhafez Eman, Ajib Salman

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 4

244--251

EN

Multiple linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN) models were utilized in this study to assess the type influence of nanomaterials on polluted water disinfection. This was accomplished by estimating E. coli (E.C) and the total coliform (TC) concentrations in contaminated water while nanoparticles were added at various concentrations as input variables, together with water temperature, PH, and turbidity. To achieve this objective, two approaches were implemented: data mining with two types of artificial neural networks (MLP and RBF), and multiple linear regression models (MLR). The simulation was conducted using SPSS software. Data mining was revealed after the estimated findings were checked against the measured data. It was found that MLP was the most promising model in the prediction of the TC and E.C concentration, s followed by the RBF and MLR models, respectively.

13

Preparation and characterisation of Pd nanocatalyst supported on nickel mesh

Tomiczek B., Szindler Marek, Łukowiec D., Pawlyta M., Nuckowski P., Lukaszkowicz K., Krzywiecki M., Kříž A., Basiaga M., Polański J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 121, nr 2

212--220

EN

The primary aim of the publication is to show the possibility of the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles directly on the nickel molecular mesh. A combination of chemical and physicochemical methods was used. Design/methodology/approach Palladium chloride was chosen as the precursor of palladium nanoparticles, dissolved in alcohol, water or a mixture thereof. Surface topography studies of the prepared nanoparticles were made using a scanning electron microscope, Supra 35 (Zeiss’s company), and transmission electron microscope S/TEM TITAN 80-300 (FEI company). Qualitative studies were performed using spectroscopy of scattered X-ray energy using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer to define the chemical composition of prepared nanocatalysts. The chemical states of the elements were analysed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Nanocatalyst structures were identified using X-ray crystallography. Findings Using such methods proved that the obtained material is Pd-Ni synthesised using a mixture of alcohol and water assisted by ultrasound. Nanoparticles with oval shapes and diameters below 10 nm were obtained. Research limitations/implications During the tests, it was decided to abandon the use of the ascorbic acid reducer, which, combined with the temperature, had a negative impact on the nickel substrate. Practical implications Nanocatalyst has been achieving a gradually increasing interest from researchers in environmental areas. The developed materials can be used in low-temperature carbon dioxide methanation. Originality/value The results provide a novel road for designing and developing efficient, low-cost, and low-temperature double metallic catalysts.

14

Nowa era medycyny. Potencjał i innowacje nanonośników leku

Sala Katarzyna, Ziarkowska Maria, Ruta-Kowalczyk Dagmara, Galas Julia, Bańkosz Magdalena, Tyliszczak Bożena

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2023

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Vol. 44, nr 6

5--11

PL

Artykuł koncentruje się na rozwijającym się polu nanomedycyny i jej wpływie na nowoczesne leczenie. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie przeglądu najnowszych osiągnięć i potencjalnych zastosowań nanonośników lekowych w medycynie. Artykuł rozpoczyna się od wprowadzenia w podstawowe koncepcje nanotechnologii i jej zastosowania w dostarczaniu leków. Następnie omawiane są różne typy nanonośników, w tym liposomy, dendrymery, nanocząstki metaliczne i polimerowe, wraz z ich unikalnymi właściwościami i mechanizmami działania. Podkreślono również wyzwania i ograniczenia związane z rozwojem i wdrożeniem nanonośników lekowych, takie jak toksyczność, stabilność i specyficzność dostarczania. Podkreślono znaczenie nanonośników i ich potencjalną rolę w przełomowych terapiach i indywidualizowanym leczeniu. Celem tego przeglądu jest zwiększenie świadomości na temat obecnego stanu nanomedycyny.

EN

The article focuses on the growing field of nanomedicine and its impact on modern medical treatment. The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of recent developments and potential applications of drug nanocarriers in medicine. The article begins with an introduction to the basic concepts of nanotechnology and its applications in drug delivery. It then discusses various types of nanocarriers, including liposomes, dendrimers, metallic and polymeric nanoparticles, along with their unique properties and mechanisms of action. Challenges and limitations associated with the development and implementation of drug nanocarriers, such as toxicity, stability and specificity of delivery, were also highlighted. The importance of nanocarriers and their potential role in breakthrough therapies and individualized treatment is highlighted. The goal of this review is to raise awareness of the current state of nanomedicine.

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A Review on Crop Responses to Nanofertilizers for Mitigation of Multiple Environmental Stresses

Singh Abhishek, Rajput Vishnu D., Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman Mohammad, Al Zoubi Omar Mahmoud, Habeeb Talaat, Rawat Sapna, Ghazaryan Karen, Minkina Tatiana

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 7

280--296

EN

Over the past years, alterations in the environment have had an adverse impact on the global agricultural system, leading to difficulties in plant growth, physiology, and productivity due to non-living factors. These difficulties pose a significant risk to both global food security and agricultural advancement, necessitating innovative methods for long-term sustainability. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution to address these difficulties by utilizing nanoscale products like nanofertilizers, nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, and nanopesticides. Nanoparticles provide distinct advantages in agriculture due to their small size, ability to easily penetrate cellular barriers, and efficient absorption by plants. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the application of nanoparticles can improve both the quantity and quality of crop yields, even when faced with various biological and environmental pressures. This research study primarily focuses on investigating the impact of non-living pressures on plants and examining how nanoparticles can help alleviate these effects. Additionally, it explores the molecular, metabolic, and anatomical adaptations that plants undergo to thrive in challenging environments. Nonetheless, it is essential to acknowledge that the widespread utilization of nanotechnology raises concerns regarding potential risks to the environment and human health.

16

Synthesis of metallic alloy particles on flat graphitic interfaces in arc discharge

Breus A., Abashin S., Serdiuk O., Sysoiev Iu.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 121, nr 2

49--59

EN

Purpose: The application of arc discharge to synthesising encapsulated (Fe-Cu-Al)@C structures is studied. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed technique may be beneficial for developing a new method for large-scale production of metal micro- and nanoparticles protected from oxidation by a carbon shell. Design/methodology/approach: A copper sample was immersed into a mixture of graphite, iron, and aluminium powder and placed into a negatively powered crucible of a setup designed to ignite arc discharge at atmospheric conditions. The proposed approach prevents the oxidation of droplets of Fe-Cu-Al alloy by covering them with a thin layer of carbon, which is also engaged as a collector of the metal particles. Findings: The application of arc discharge resulted in the generation of metal particles and various carbon nanostructures, which were confirmed by SEM images. The nanostructures were grouped into more complex flower-, ball-, tree-, and octopus-shaped structures with a large yield of metallic alloy particles ranging from a few μm (micrometers) to nanometre sizes. These findings suggest the catalytic application of the structures after the grown particles are cleared from the carbon shell to be implemented as active chemical agents. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is the uncontrolled heat transfer from the discharge volume. Therefore, an additional screen should be installed around the volume in order to improve control over synthesis in future studies. Practical implications: This research confirms a flexible and simple method of synthesising metallic alloy particles that may be applied for catalytic applications. Originality/value: The synthesis is conducted using a well-known arc discharge technique to expand the production yield and diversity of chemically-active metal particles protected from oxidation by a shell before the intended application.

17

Biokoloidalne nanokompozyty metal-białko jako przełom w walce z lekoopornością

Król-Górniak Anna, Buszewski Bogusław

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

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2023

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nr 1

12--18

PL

Nanomateriały są obecnie przedmiotem wielu zainteresowań badawczych zarówno w naukach podstawowych, jak i stosowanych – nanotechnologia zapewnia innowacyjne rozwiązania w dziedzinie biologii, medycyny, inżynierii materiałowej, optyki i elektroniki. Cynk i jego tlenek (ZnO) są jednymi z najbardziej interesujących i obiecujących nanomateriałów.

18

Wykorzystanie nanotechnologii w dystrybucji energii elektrycznej

Wajda Józef

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2022

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R. 90, nr 2

12--16

PL

Ciągły wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w skali globalnej wiąże się z coraz wyższymi kosztami jej produkcji, wymuszającymi wdrażanie nowych rozwiązań technicznych, mniej szkodliwych dla środowiska naturalnego. Dotychczasowe metody produkcji energii elektrycznej pozyskiwanej z paliw kopalnych, emitujące do atmosfery ogromne ilości spalin i zagrażające egzystencji milionów żywych istnień są zastępowane energią odnawialną: wiatru, wody i słońca (elektrownie wodne, wiatrowe, fotowoltaiczne). Duży problem stanowi dostarczenie energii do często odległych odbiorców, co w znacznym stopniu ułatwiają już wdrażane osiągnięcia nanotechnologiczne.

EN

The continuous increase in demand for electricity on a global scale is associated with ever higher production costs, forcing the implementation of new technical solutions that are less harmful to the natural environment. The existing methods of producing electricity obtained from fossil fuels, emitting a huge amount of exhaust gases into the atmosphere and threatening the existence of millions of living creatures, is replaced by renewable energy of wind, water and sun (hydro, wind, photovoltaic power plants). A big problem is the supply of energy to often distant recipients, which is largely facilitated by the already implemented nanotechnology achievements.

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The extraordinary gravity of three atom 4π-components and 1,3-dienes to C20-nXn fullerenes; a new gate to the future of Nano technology

Siadati Seyyed Amir, Rezazadeh Solmaz

Scientiae Radices

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2022

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

46--68

EN

A quick glance to the adsorption, sensing, and energy storage abilities of C₂₀ fullerene and its derivatives indicate that this small carbon cluster may have extraordinary properties which would make it a key part of the future of Nano actuators and Nano machines. For example, in the case of the gravity of three atom 4π-components (TACs) to these carbon cages, it should be noted that; the rate constants (K)s of the reaction of C₂₀ fullerene with 1,3-butadiene (Diels-Alder (DA) process), and with 2-furan nitrile oxide ([3+2] cycloaddition (32CA process)) are 2.51(10¹¹) M^-1 s^-1, and 1.4(10⁷) M^-1s^-1, respectively. However, the rate constant of the 32CAreaction between norbornadiene and 3,4-dihydro isoquinoline-N-oxide is about 2.56(10) M^-1 s^-1 (both by DFT and by experimental results). This simple comparison could show the extraordinary gravity of some TACs and dienes to C₂₀ fullerenes.

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Nanoleki

Maleszyk Anita

Przemysł Farmaceutyczny

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2022

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nr 2

58--60

PL

Obecne zainteresowanie nanotechnologią i jej zastosowaniem w medycynie ma precedens historyczny. Początkowo w produktach wykorzystano jedynie ogólną chemię fizyczną koloidów, aby wytworzyć stabilne zawiesiny leków i poprawić ich biodostępność. Późniejsze wprowadzenie liposomów rozpoczęło ewolucję w kierunku dzisiejszych, bardziej wyrafinowanych i potencjalnie rewolucyjnych nowych technologii towarzyszących szybkiemu wzrostowi możliwości produktów biotechnologicznych, w szczególności tych do ukierunkowanego dostarczania leków.