Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Rok docenienia i wsparcia branży tworzyw?

Kozera-Szałkowska Anna

Kierunek Chemia

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2026

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Nr 1

94-96

PL

Bez silnego lokalnego przemysłu tworzyw Europie grozi osłabienie bazy przemysłowej, spowolnienie transformacji cyrkularnej oraz utrata strategicznej autonomii. Czy 2026 będzie rokiem docenienia wartości tworzyw sztucznych i wsparcia europejskiej branży w rozwiązaniu wyzwań, z jakimi się zmaga?

2

Wpływ tworzywowych kruszyw recyklingowych na wybrane właściwości fizykomechaniczne betonów cementowych

Nowak Kornelia, Ratajczak Maria, Klapiszewska Izabela

Przegląd Budowlany

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2025

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R. 96, nr 6

72--75

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano wstępne wyniki badań nad wykorzystaniem tworzyw sztucznych z recyklingu (PA, PE, HDPE, PP, PVC, ABS, PET) jako częściowego zamiennika żwiru drobnego w betonie. Analizowano krzywe uziarnienia, gęstości nasypowe oraz właściwości fizykomechaniczne betonów z 20 i 40% dodatkiem tworzyw. Najlepsze rezultaty uzyskano dla 20% PVC – zwiększyło wytrzymałość na ściskanie i obniżyło nasiąkliwość. Pozostałe tworzywa, poza PE, wykazały spadki wytrzymałości nieprzekraczające 20%. Obserwowany spadek gęstości może być korzystny w betonach lekkich. Wyniki są wstępne i wskazują potencjał PVC jako recyklingowego kruszywa w dalszych badaniach.

EN

The article presents preliminary results of research on the use of recycled plastics (PA, PE, HDPE, PP, PVC, ABS, PET) as a partial replacement for fine gravel in concrete mixes. Grain size distribution, bulk density, and physico-mechanical properties of concretes with 20 and 40% plastic content were analyzed. The best results were obtained for 20% PVC, which increased compressive strength and reduced water absorption. Other plastics, except PE, showed strength reductions not exceeding 20%. A decrease in density was observed in all variants, which may be beneficial for lightweight concrete applications. These initial findings highlight the potential of PVC as a recycled aggregate for further research on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete.

3

Plastic waste carbonization - a review. Part II. Thermal properties

Mohamad Prim Nasir Adib Hafiizhullah, Norizan Mohd Nurazzi, Saharudin Nur Izzaati, Mansur Sumarni

Polimery

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2025

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Vol. 70, nr 6

367--377

EN

This article presents a literature review on the carbonization of plastic waste as a modern approach to waste recycling and a source of renewable energy. The second part of the review discusses the thermal stability of carbonized products, including PE, PP, PS, and PET. This paper also provides potential future applications of carbonized plastic waste.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literatury na temat karbonizacji odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych jako nowoczesnego podejścia do recyklingu odpadów i źródła energii odnawialnej. W drugiej części przeglądu omówiono właściwości termiczne karbonizowanych materiałów polimerowych m.in. PE, PP, PS i PET.

4

Plastic waste carbonization - a review. Part I. Morphology and characteristics of carbonization products

Mohamad Prim Nasir Adib Hafiizhullah, Norizan Mohd Nurazzi, Saharudin Nur Izzaati, Mansur Sumarni, Knight Victor Feizal, Norrrahim Mohd Nor Faiz

Polimery

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2025

|

Vol. 70, nr 5

299--312

EN

This article presents a literature review on the carbonization of plastic waste as a modern approach to waste recycling and a source of renewable energy. The first part of the review discusses the structure and properties of carbonized products, including PE, PP, PS, and PET.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literatury na temat karbonizacji odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych jako nowoczesnego podejścia do recyklingu odpadów i źródła energii odnawialnej. W pierwszej części przeglądu omówiono strukturę i właściwości karbonizowanych produktów m.in. PE, PP, PS i PET.

5

Badania wstępne możliwości likwidacji odpadów za pomocą wykorzystania energii materiałów wybuchowych

Barański Krzysztof

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

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2025

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Nr 1-2

44--47

PL

Energia materiału wybuchowego (MW) może być wykorzystana w celu utylizacji odpadów. Przeprowadzone badania wstępne pozwoliły na opracowanie dwóch sposobów utylizacji odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych za pomocą metody detonacyjnej. Opracowana metoda w przypadku komercjalizacji w skali przemysłowej może stanowić efektywny sposób unieszkodliwiania niektórych odpadów w systemie gospodarki odpadami, stanowiąc uzupełnienie dotychczas stosowanych metod. Ponadto możliwe jest uzyskanie dodatkowych korzyści: ekonomicznych oraz technologicznych poprzez obniżenie kosztu prowadzenia prac strzałowych i poprawę efektywności działania samego materiału.

EN

The energy of an explosive (EX) can be used to dispose of waste. The conducted preliminary studies have enabled the development of two methods of disposing of plastic waste using the detonation method. The developed method, in the case of its commercialisation on an industrial scale, can be an effective way of neutralising some waste in the waste management system, complementing the methods used so far. Moreover, it is possible to obtain additional benefits: economic and technological by reducing the cost of blasting and improving the efficiency of the material itself.

6

Investigation and characterization of polypropylene plastic waste pyrolysis oil: Effect of temperature and fractional condensation

Mufrodi Zahrul, Syamsiro Mochamad, Biddinika Muhammad Kunta, Hakika Dhias Cahya, Prawisudha Pandj, Budiasih Kun Sri, Purnomo Chandra Wahyu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 26, nr 1

163--172

EN

The escalating accumulation of polypropylene (PP) plastic waste poses significant environmental challenges, requiring innovative waste management strategies. Pyrolysis of plastic waste presents a promising approach for sustainable production of alternative fuels. However, pyrolysis oil possesses undesirable properties for direct fuel applications, requiring additional upgrading steps before being utilized for specific purposes. Fractionation offers an effective method for the separation of pyrolysis oil. This study investigates the pyrolysis of PP plastic waste with three-stage condensers system, focusing on the effect of temperature and fractional condensation on the yield and characteristics of pyrolysis oil. Experiments were conducted within temperature range of 400, 410, 425, 430, 440, to 450 °C, with the aim of optimizing the generation of liquid products. The pyrolysis vapors were sequentially passed through three condensers. Results indicate that the maximum bio-oil was obtained at 450 °C as optimum temperature, which consists of 2.32% gases (C1–C5), 41.94% gasoline (C6–C11), 44.15% kerosene (C12–C20), and 11.59% residue (> C20). The distribution of compounds was influenced by fractional condensers, with the highest relative contents of compounds obtained from condenser 1, 2, and 3 were gasoline (79.28%), kerosene (51.97%), and gasoline (55.21%), respectively. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to characterize the chemical and physical properties of bio-oils. The characterization results reveal that the pyrolysis oil obtained from PP plastic waste are dominated with 1-heptene-5-methyl (C8H16). The composition of pyrolysis oil demonstrated favourable and suitable properties for potential applications as renewable fuels and chemical feedstocks.

7

Limitation of circular plastics economy based on recycling

Baran Bernadeta

Economics and Environment

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2025

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No. 4

art. no. 887

EN

The purpose of the article is to identify the most important constraints to a recycling-based plastic economy. The issue is important, given the scale of the plastic waste crisis and requires a critical look at the effectiveness of the main exposed approach for dealing with it. The major research method was a review of the available literature, thematic reports, statistical data and relevant legal acts. This included a synthesis of existing studies that address plastic waste management, recycling technologies and the broader implications of the circular economy model in relation to plastic waste. The research approach assumes a critical view therefore, the statistics presented in this article are intended to show the limitations of the global plastic policy. The main conclusion is that there are numerous social, technological, economic and environmental constraints that hamper the scale and speed of change in the recycled economy. As a result, basing the concept of dealing with plastic waste on recycling creates a false impression of its role in the circular economy.

PL

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja kluczowych ograniczeń modelu gospodarowania odpadami z tworzyw sztucznych ukierunkowanego na recykling. Zagadnienie to ma szczególne znaczenie w kontekście narastającego światowego kryzysu związanego z przyrostem masy odpadów plastikowych i wymaga krytycznej oceny skuteczności recyklingu jako podejścia najczęściej eksponowanego. Podstawową metodą badawczą zastosowaną w pracy jest przegląd literatury naukowej, raportów branżowych, danych statystycznych oraz aktów prawnych. Dokonano syntezy dotychczasowych badań dotyczących zarządzania odpadami z tworzyw sztucznych, technologii recyklingu oraz szerzej rozumianych implikacji wdrażania gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym w tym obszarze. Przyjęte podejście badawcze miało charakter krytyczny, co znalazło odzwierciedlenie w doborze i interpretacji danych statystycznych. Z analizy wynika, że liczne bariery natury społecznej, technologicznej, ekonomicznej i środowiskowej w istotny sposób ograniczają skalę oraz tempo transformacji gospodarki odpadami plastikowymi w kierunku modelu cyrkularnego. W konsekwencji, oparcie koncepcji rozwiązania globalnego problemu odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych głównie na recyklingu prowadzi do powstania fałszywego wrażenia co do jego rzeczywistego potencjału w tym zakresie.

8

Impact of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) waste on the physico-mechanical and durability behavior of lime-stabilized adobe bricks

Soumia Hammache, Izemmouren Ouarda, Guettala Abdelhamid

Budownictwo i Architektura

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2025

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Vol. 24, no. 4

art. no. 25009

EN

Earth-based construction techniques, such as adobe, are valued for their low cost and reduced environmental impact. However, their limited mechanical strength and poor water resistance reduce their overall durability. This study investigates the improvement of adobe bricks through the addition of lime and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste derived from greenhouse cleaning activities, in varying proportions (2–6%) and fiber lengths (10–30 mm). The research aims to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and durability characteristics of the modified earth blocks. The results show a reduction of 23.57% in density, 17.95% in ultrasonic pulse velocity, and 37.80% in compressive strength. While the lower compressive strength reflects a mechanical limitation, the decrease in density could be beneficial for lightweight applications or for improving the thermal and acoustic insulation of walls. Conversely, notable improvements were recorded in tensile strength and abrasion resistance, which increased by 71.42% and 90.47%, respectively. Despite these benefits, the mixtures exhibited slightly higher water absorption and swelling, indicating increased sensitivity to moisture. Nevertheless, the reduced mass loss after wetting-drying cycles highlights an overall improvement in the long-term durability of the material.

9

Polymeric wastes in road construction: a review

Al-Mutairi Nabeel Hasan, Mohammed Dhey Jawad, Mehdi Atheer Hussain, Mahdi Sarah Zaid

Archives of Engineering Knowledge

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2025

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T. 11, Nr 1

56--63

EN

One of the most important ways to reduce the problem of environmental plastic pollution is recycling. In this review study, we focus on the using of waste plastics in the construction of plastic roads. It is note that plastics need hundreds of years to degrades and to solve this issue is by reusing of this waste materials and blending it with other materials to form a new product. In this study it is found that several plastic materials can be used such as polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyvinylchloride PVC, ethylene vinyl acetate EVA and tire rubber TR. Each type of polymer has it is method of blending with bitumen some polymers can be processed with wet method and other by dry method and each polymer has process temperature differ from the other. In addition, it is found that the percentage of polymer blended with bitumen differ from 0.5% to 40% based on the final properties of bitumen mix. Also, it is found that several tests could be performed on the prepared bitumen mix such as FTIR, rheological properties, thermal properties and mechanical properties.

10

Recovery of the Properties of Spent Commercial Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements and Ways of their Reuse

Tyvonenko Artem, Ivanova Tetiana, Halkina Kateryna, Mitchenko Tetiana, Vasilyuk Sergey, Kosogina Iryna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 6

322--333

EN

In connection with the rapidly growing market of reverse osmosis membrane elements, particularly those intended for use in commercial water treatment installations, the problem of their regeneration and reuse has become acute. Today, the service life of such elements does not exceed 6–12 months, after which they turn into plastic waste and end up in landfills in the amount of no less than 60.000 tons per year, which leads to the emergence of serious environmental problems. This paper proposes methods and conditions for achieving almost complete restoration of the properties of used commercial reverse osmosis membrane elements by means of their regeneration and modif ication. The possibility of using restored elements in vending machines for filling safe physiologically complete drinking water has been demonstrated.

11

Effects of agricultural polluting factors on the environment

Ertop Hasan, Atilgan Atilgan, Saltuk Burak

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2024

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Vol. 19, No. 1.1

5--22

EN

Some practices such as fertilisation and pesticide use are carried out in order to obtain high yields in agricultural production. However, as a result of these practices, agricultural pollutants may occur as a result of incorrect agricultural practices. Problems such as water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, nutrient imbalance, salination in soils, eutrophication in waters, beneficial microorganisms in soils and damage to human and animal health occur due to faulty fertilisation and pesticide applications, misuse of agricultural soils, and inaccuracies in the disposal of plastic wastes. In this study, the literature on agricultural polluting factors was examined and it was aimed to raise awareness about agricultural pollution by explaining the harms of agricultural polluting factors to the environment and the health of living beings and by trying to offer solutions. Within the scope of this targeted awareness, this study; It is aimed to raise the awareness of producers in future production processes and to provide a stepping stone for scientific studies on this subject.

12

Investigating the Potential of Landfilled Plastic Waste – A Case Study of Makassar Landfill, Eastern Indonesia

Muis Ramdiana, Al Fariz Reza Darma, Yunus Sattar, Tasrief Robertho, Rachman Indriyani, Matsumoto Toru

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 3

185--196

EN

Society’s demands for plastic materials continue to increase, but their impact on the environment cannot be denied due to the long decomposition periods. The destination for plastic waste is mostly in landfills. In the case of Indonesia, the Makassar landfill, the largest landfill in the eastern region of Indonesia, has exceeded its capacity and is currently mixed and buried without treatment (open dumping). The main aim of this study is to identify potential plastic waste buried in the landfill. Sampling was conducted at three landfill locations: location 1 is a non-active landfill zone that is no longer used, and locations 2 and 3 are active landfill zones that are still in operational use. The sampling method uses a Hydraulic Rotary Drilling Spindle, with a drilling depth of 0–18 meters for location 1, 0–17 meters for location 2, and 0–13 meters for location 3. The research results show that at location 1, plastic waste contributes to approximately 31% of the total waste in this old landfill zone, including plastic bags and beverage bottles. Meanwhile, at location 2, approximately 22% of plastic waste was found, and at location 3, about 14%. Testing the calorific value of plastic waste gave an average of 29,862 MJ/ton. The plastic waste found in these landfills has the potential to be recycled but requires intensive cleaning processes. Furthermore, this plastic waste can also be utilized as an energy source due to its relatively high calorific value.

13

Precast lightweight concrete wall panels from plastic waste and household ash as partially sand and cement replacement

Sastrawidana I.D.K., Sukarta I. N.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 125, nr 1

22--31

EN

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the properties of precast lightweight concrete wall panels prepared with the addition of plastic powder and household ash as a partial substitution for sand and cement. Design/methodology/approach: Eight formulations of lightweight concrete wall panels were prepared using a mix. The proportion of sand-to-cement ratio of 3:1 by weight and water-to-cement ratio of 1.85. Subsequently, sand and cement were gradually replaced with plastic powder and household ash. Plastic has water-repellent properties, while household ash is a natural pozzolan with cementitious properties in the presence of water and calcium hydroxide. Therefore, adding both materials in certain proportions should improve the quality of concrete wall panels. The mixture was cast in a fibreglass mould with length, width, and thickness dimensions of 30 x 30 x 3 cm. The evaluations of precast lightweight concrete wall panels include density tests, water absorption, compressive strength, water absorption-desorption capacity, and surface morphology. Findings: Replacing 20% of sand and 10% of cement with plastic powder and household ash produces lightweight concrete wall panels with a density, water absorption, and compressive strength of 1512.2 kg/m3, 7.95%, and 3.78 MPa, respectively. These precast concrete wall panels are acceptable for lightweight concrete wall panel requirements according to ASTM C129-06. Research limitations/implications: In this research, lightweight concrete wall panels were prepared by adding PET plastic powder and household ash to replace the sand and cement partially. In further research, it is necessary to assess the precast lightweight wall panels prepared from other plastic types and natural pozzolans. Practical implications: Using plastic waste reinforced with household ash as a partial substitute for sand and cement can create eco-friendly precast lightweight concrete wall panels. This is an effort to reduce sand and cement usage in concrete wall panel production and as an innovative way to reduce plastic waste in the environment. Originality/value: It has been experimentally proven that utilising plastic powder of up to 20% and household ash of up to 10% by weight for partial replacement sand and cement in preparation of precast lightweight concrete wall panels fully meets standard materials for manufacturing according to ASTM C129-06 standard for non-loading-bearing lightweight concrete. The addition of plastic makes the colour of the concrete wall panels' surface more attractive.

14

Use of plastic waste in cement-bound layers

Krawczyk Bartłomiej, Mackiewicz Piotr, Dobrucki Dariusz

Roads and Bridges - Drogi i Mosty

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2023

|

Vol. 22, no. 3

243--257

EN

The article presents research on the possible use of material obtained during recycling of plastic waste. The materials were used in production of cement-bound mixtures for road pavement layers or improved subgrade. The analyses were based on laboratory tests of plastic waste, aggregate and cement-bound mixtures. The tests encompassed particle size distribution, compaction, compressive strength (early – after 7 days; final – after 28 days), frost resistance and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The obtained results were evaluated in the light of the current national technical requirements. It was shown that plastic waste may be used as an alternative to classic materials.

PL

Tematem artykułu są badania nad możliwością wykorzystania materiałów pochodzących z recyklingu odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych. Materiały te zastosowano do wytworzenia mieszanek związanych cementem, przeznaczonych do warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni drogowej oraz podłoża ulepszonego. Przeprowadzono analizy na podstawie badań laboratoryjnych odpadów plastikowych, kruszywa oraz mieszanek związanych cementem. Badania obejmowały analizę składu ziarnowego i zagęszczalności, badania wytrzymałości na ściskanie (wczesnej – po 7 dniach; docelowej – po 28 dniach), badania mrozoodporności oraz badania kalifornijskiego wskaźnika nośności CBR. Wyniki badań odniesiono do obowiązujących krajowych wymagań technicznych. Wykazano możliwość stosowania materiałów z recyklingu odpadów plastikowych jako alternatywę dla klasycznie stosowanych materiałów.

15

Proekologiczne kruszywo z odpadów tworzyw sztucznych jako alternatywa kruszywa naturalnego do betonów lekkich

Prusiel Jolanta Anna, Bujnarowski Kevin

Przegląd Budowlany

|

2023

|

R. 94, nr 11-12

144--148

PL

W artykule opisano możliwość wykorzystania w budownictwie poprodukcyjnych odpadów plastikowych, takich jak folia zwykła i termokurczliwa. Wykorzystując specjalistyczną technologię, wytworzono kruszywo łamane o uziarnieniu do 8 mm z mieszanki materiałów syntetycznych PET/PVC/OPS (PPO). Materiały te pochodziły z odpadów generowanych podczas produkcji etykiet foliowych. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badania właściwości kruszywa z recyklingu tworzyw sztucznych, takich jak gęstość nasypowa i ziaren, nasiąkliwość oraz parametry mechaniczne betonu. Przedstawiono również zdjęcia z mikroskopu skaningowego dla kruszywa z odpadów tworzyw sztucznych oraz dla betonu z jego zawartością. Zastosowanie ekologicznego kruszywa do betonu lekkiego wpłynie pozytywnie na ochronę środowiska naturalnego.

EN

The article describes the possibility of using post-production plastic waste, such as ordinary and shrink film, in construction. Using specialized technology, a crushed aggregate with a grain size of up to 8 mm was produced from a mixture of PET/PVC/OPS (PPO) synthetic materials. These materials were derived from waste generated during the production of film labels. In the article the results of testing the properties of the recycled plastic aggregate, such as bulk and grain density, absorbability and mechanical parameters of concrete, were presented. Scanning microscope images for aggregate made from plastic waste and for concrete with its content were also presented. The use of pro-ecological aggregate for lightweight concrete will have a positive impact on protection of natural environment.

16

Transforming Bubble Wrap and Packaging Plastic Waste into Valuable Fuel Resources

Sari Mega Mutiara, Inoue Takanobu, Rofiah Rofiah, Septiariva Iva Yenis, Prayogo Wisnu, Suryawan I. Wayan Koko, Arifianingsih Nur Novilina

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 8

260--270

EN

This study aimed to investigate the potential of plastic waste, specifically bubble wrap and packaging plastic, as a fuel source through pyrolysis process. The samples were analyzed using FTIR and GC-MS. The results showed that both samples contained alkanes and alkenes, with hydrocarbon fractions like those found in gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuel. The pyrolysis process resulted in hydrocarbon fractions ranging from light to heavy fractions. The bubble wrap sample showed the highest percentage of hydrocarbon fraction in the kerosene range (C10–C13), with an area of 19.23%. In contrast, the packaging plastic sample showed the highest percentage of hydrocarbon fraction in the diesel range (C14–C20), with an area percentage of 19.67%. The calorific value of the pyrolysis products was also determined, with the bubble wrap sample having a higher value than that of gasoline, while the packaging plastic sample had a value close to that of kerosene. The results of this study suggest that plastic waste has the potential to be converted into fuel, which can contribute to sustainable development by reducing dependence on fossil fuels and reducing plastic waste. However, further refinement of the pyrolysis products is needed to meet commercial fuel standards.

17

Wykorzystanie kompozytów termoplastycznych powstałych z recyklingu tworzyw sztucznych do budowy obiektów mostowych

Siwowski Tomasz

Drogownictwo

|

2023

|

nr 2-3

59--66

PL

Jeden z największych strumieni odpadów na świecie stanowią odpady z tworzyw sztucznych (OTS). Z kolei działem gospodarki o największym potencjale wykorzystania odpadów jest sektor budownictwa i produkcji materiałów budowlanych. Szczególnie ważna wydaje się możliwość wykorzystania odpadów w budownictwie przez ponowne ich zastosowanie jako składników do produkcji nowych elementów budowlanych. Przedmiotem artykułu jest prezentacja możliwości recyklingu OTS przez ich wykorzystanie do produkcji elementów budowlanych, służących do budowy obiektów mostowych.

EN

One of the largest waste streams in the world is plastic waste (PW). In turn, the sector of the economy with the greatest potential for waste use is the construction sector and the production of building materials. Particularly important seems to be the possibility of using waste in construction by recycling it as components for the production of new structural elements. The subject of the article is the presentation of the possibilities of PW recycling by using them for the production of structural elements used for the construction of bridge structures.

18

Fuel recovery from plastic and organic wastes with the help of mineralogical catalysts

Sarıkap Mehmet Can, Çebi Fatma Hoş

Archives of Environmental Protection

|

2023

|

Vol. 49, no. 3

16--25

EN

Plastics are one of the most widely used materials, and, in most cases, they are designed to have long life spans. Since plastic and packaging waste pollute the environment for many years, their disposal is of great importance for the environment and human health. In this paper, a system was developed to store liquid fuel from plastic and organic waste mixes without solidification, which then can be used as fuel in motor vehicles and construction machinery. For this purpose, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and organic wastes and clay, zeolite, and MCS23-code materials (50% magnetite-%25 calcium oxide-%25 sodium chloride) were heated in a closed medium at temperatures ranging from 300 to 400°C and subsequently re-condensed. The study conducted twenty tests, involving various types and rates of plastic and organic materials, as well as different rates of catalysts. Among these tests, the highest liquid fuel yield (67.47%) was achieved in Test 9, where 50% PVC50% PET waste, 75 g of clinoptilolite, and 500 g of MCS23 waste were collectively used. Notably, Test 12 exhibited the highest density value (79.8 kg/m3), while the best viscosity value (2.794 mm2/s) was observed in Test 2. Across all samples, flash point values were found to be below 40°C. The most favorable yield point value was recorded in Test 2 (-6°C). The samples displayed ash content within the range of 0 to 0.01% (m/m)] and combustion heat values of 35.000> J/g which fall within the standard range. The incorporation of MCS23 with clinoptilolite additives is believed to have a significant impact on obtaining high-yield products with improved fuel properties.

19

Oxidative Aging Characterization of Pyro-Oil Modified Binders Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Bhagat Nikita Taran, Hadole Hemantkumar Prakash, Ranadive Mahadeo Sambhaji

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2023

|

Vol. 17, no. 1

140--149

EN

The numerous uses for plastics in various industries have led to an increase in its manufacturing on a global scale over time. The accumulation of plastic waste is a direct result of the daily rise in plastic demand. One of the effective and trending ways of reducing the impact of plastic waste on the environment is to pyrolyze it and use the oil obtained from it as fuel for power generation, heating, extraction of chemicals, or as an asphalt binder modifier. In this study, an attempt was made for the modification of asphalt binder with the oil obtained from plastic waste pyrolysis known as pyro-oil, and to analyse aging properties of the modified binder. This paper deals with the modification of VG30 binder with pyro-oil obtained from High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste and the analysing the effect of aging on the modified binders. Pyro-oil is yielded from the pyrolysis process of HDPE at about 750°C. The modified binders were prepared by adding 1%, 2%, and 3% pyro-oil by total weight of VG30. The effect of aging for the unmodified and modified binders was analyzed using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The binders were short term aged and the changes in their chemical functionalities before and after aging were analyzed. Results of the FTIR test were used to calculate functional group indices for evaluating the aging characteristics of the modified binders. It was observed that binder chemistry is influenced by aging.

20

Recykling chemiczny tworzyw sztucznych

Trzebiatowska Patrycja Jutrzenka

Wiadomości Chemiczne

|

2022

|

[Z] 76, 3-4

157--181

EN

Plastics are currently used in almost every branch of industry. Their popularity is due to excellent mechanical properties, durability combined with low weight. Global production of plastics in 2020 reached 387 million tons and a great amount of waste from plastics is generated as they are usually non-biodegradable and often are used only once before disposal. Since the 1970s, the problem of plastics pollution started to be noticed, and then the first regulations on their production, limiting and management options were introduced. There are several methods preventing the plastics waste going to landfill. Among the plastics management methods are mechanical recycling, solvent based purification, chemical recycling, energy recovery and biodegradation (Figure 1). Mechanical recycling is the reprocessing of the plastic waste to its original form (polymer) using simple physical operations like grinding, separating, extruding. This option is the most popular for thermoplastics as they are easily reprocessed and the cost operations are low. During solvent based purification the plastics products are purified from different additional compounds like colorants, antioxidants, fillers to obtain original polymer. Biodegradation is available only for some polymers. Energy recovery process releases the energy contained within plastics through combustion and is suitable only for materials which are difficult to recycle. Nowadays chemical recycling of plastic waste is the most noteworthy polymers recovery technique as it is complementary to mechanical recycling. Chemical recycling can be divided into two main processes: chemical and thermal depolymerization (Figure 2). Thermal depolymerization processes are conducted using heat and in the absence of oxygen, or with limited access to oxygen or other compounds (H2, CO2). It converts plastics into monomers or basic chemical (hydrocarbons, oil, H2O) and is typically used for polyolefins, PMMA, PS. During chemical depolymerization plastics are broken down into oligomers or monomers as a result of a chemical reaction with a low molecular weight agent (H2O, alcohols, amines, glycols, acids) and usually refers to condensation and addition polymers (PET, PC, PA, PU). Chemical recycling enables for multiple recycling of plastics to its monomers, which can be polymerized to produce the original polymer. The manuscript presents a literature review on chemical recycling of commonly used plastics such as vinyl polymers, polycondensation polymers, thermosets and polymer blends.