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1

Mechanism of the effect of modified TiO2 on the strength of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks samples

Guohao Yang, Zhiming He, Jiawei Sun, Hao Guo, Kai Zhang

Environment Protection Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 51, nr 2

85--104

EN

Brick-making from gold tailings is one of the common utilization methods, however, this method usually requires pressurized sintering. This study investigates the effect of modified TiO2 on the strength of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Gold tailings, river sand, and gravel were used as raw materials, with cement-epoxy resin serving as the composite binder and modified TiO2acting as the reinforcing agent. The surface of TiO2was modified by silane coupling agent KH-560 and polyethyleneimine (PEI), and the effect of modified TiO2 on the performance and characterization of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks was investigated. The results show that 25% KH-560 silane coupling agent and 75% polyethyleneimine (PEI) modify TiO2best. The optimal compressive strength of 79.6 MPa was achieved in gold tailings-based no-fire bricks with 2% modified TiO2addition. Microscopic morphology and chemical analysis confirmed that the modified TiO2significantly enhanced the structural integrity of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks.

2

Przejawy mineralizacji kruszcowej w skałach obszaru Strzelin-Głuchołazy

Markowiak Marek

Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2024

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T. 209

s. 2--24

PL

Na podstawie badań mikroskopowych i w mikro obszarze próbek skał z trzech rejonów morawsko-śląskiej strefy tektonicznej: Wzgórz Strzelińskich, okolic Paczkowa i Głuchołaz, dokonano charakterystyki przejawów mineralizacji kruszcowej tego obszaru. Stwierdzono obecność szerokiego zestawu minerałów kruszcowych, w tym wielu dotychczas na badanym obszarze nierozpoznanych, takich jak: piryt, pirotyn, chalkopiryt, sfaleryt, mielnikowit, mielnikowit-piryt, markasyt, kowelin, digenit, galena, greenockit, carrolit-fletscheryt, bravoit, Co-bravoit, molibdenit, scheelit, tennantyt, minerały z grupy euksenitu (EGM) zbliżone do yttrocrasite-(Y), elektrum, bizmut rodzimy, bismutynit, cosalit, joseit?, tsumoit?, gustavit?, stannin, argentyt, srebro rodzime, ilmenit, rutyl, tytanit, goethyt oraz szereg minerałów pierwiastków promieniotwórczych – uraninit, toryt, coffinit, a także minerałów zawierających pierwiastki promieniotwórcze (w tym wspomniane wyżej minerały grupy euksenitu): rabdofan, uranopolycrase i prawdopodobnie thorbastnäsyt współwystępujący z parisytem. Zespołem mineralnym najpowszechniej spotykanym w całym regionie jest zespół o składzie: piryt, pirotyn, chalkopiryt, sfaleryt, przy czym dwa ostatnie minerały występują podrzędnie. Przejawy mineralizacji pierwiastkami ziem rzadkich wymagają dalszych badań w pierwszej kolejności.

EN

Based on microscopic investigations and detailed electron microprobe studies of rock samples from three regions of the Moravian-Silesian tectonic zone: Wzgórza Strzelińskie, Paczków region, and Głuchołazy region, the characteristics of ore mineralization in the Strzelin–Głuchołazy area are presented. The presence of a wide range of ore minerals was found, including many previously unrec- ognized in the study area: pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, melnikovite, melnikovite-pyrite, marcasite, covellite, digenite, galena, greenockite, carrolite-fletscherite, bravoite, Co-bravoite, molybdenite, scheelite, tennantite, euxenite (EGM) similar to yttrocrasite-(Y), electrum, native bismuth, bismuthinite, cosalite, joseite, tsumoite, gustavite, stannite, argentite, native silver, ilmenite, rutile, titanite, goethite and a number of minerals of radioactive elements – uraninite, thorite, coffinite, as well as minerals containing radioactive elements (including the above-mentioned minerals of the euxenite group, rhabdophane, uranopolycrase and possibly thorbastnäsite co-occurring with parisite). The most common mineral assemblages are: pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite, occurring both in granitoids and in all types of rocks of the metamorphic cover. Higher concentration of these minerals is extremely rare, and pyrite and pyrrhotite are dominant. The manifestations of mineralization with rare earth elements require further research.

3

Comparison of Alessio Piemontese’s gilding techniques with contemporary ones in the context of the restoration of architectural monuments

Woszczenko Katarzyna

Materiały Budowlane

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2024

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nr 12

184--191

EN

The research focuses on a comparative analysis of gilding techniques described by Alessio Piemontese in the context of contemporary methods for restoring gilded historical artifacts. The study was conducted using manuscript sources, relevant literature, private correspondence, and online resources. In modern architecture, gilding with genuine gold is rare, and preserving its authenticity is generally not considered essential. In contrast, for historical artifacts, it is of paramount importance to maintain their authenticity to safeguard their historical, material, and cultural significance, as well as their aesthetic and artistic heritage. Alessio Piemontese’s treatise provides detailed descriptions of various methods for gilding different materials. These historical techniques can be compared with contemporary gilding practices, including traditional leaf gilding using bole or mixtion and electroplating via galvanic processes. The findings of this research offer valuable insights for the restoration of historical objects, supporting efforts to preserve their original character and authenticity.

PL

Prace badawcze dotyczą porównania technik złotniczych wg Alessio Piemontese w kontekście współczesnych metod renowacji złoceń w zabytkowej materii. Badania przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem źródeł rękopiśmiennych, literatury przedmiotu, komunikatów prywatnych oraz źródeł internetowych. Współczesne budynki rzadko mają złocenia prawdziwym złotem, a aspekt zachowania jego autentyczności nie jest w ich przypadku konieczny. Z kolei w materii zabytkowej jest to ważne, aby zachować jej historycznie rzeczywisty charakter, piękno i dorobek kulturowy. W dziele Alessio Piemontese, znajdują się sposoby złocenia różnych materiałów. Można je porównać ze znanymi współcześnie technologiami pozłotniczymi, do których należą metoda płatkowa na pulment i na mikstion czy galwaniczne złocenie metodą elektrolizy. Przeprowadzone badania będą przydatne przy renowacji obiektów zabytkowych, w celu zachowania ich pierwotnego charakteru.

4

Obtaining of Gold from Slovak Concentrate by Using an Innovative Method

Ficeriová Jana, Dutková Erika

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 1, no. 1

669-673

EN

The complicated processing of concentrates with low gold content and the long-time use of non-ecological methods was the motion for finding a more efficient process for this noble metal obtaining. From this point of view, this research was focused on obtaining of nano gold from the concentrate White Hill (Detva, Slovakia) using mechanical activation and mechano-biological activation in a molecular hydrogen solution. Gold in this complex concentrate occurs physically enclosed in the intercrystalline space of minerals and is also isomorphic and fills defects in their structure. The exclusion of gold from such complex mineral matrixes of the concentrate can be achieved using a mechano-biological process. This innovative method for obtaining of nano gold with the application of a molecular hydrogen solution is an advantageous alternative to the non-environmental reagents used. Compared to the most used worldwide toxic cyanide reagent, a solution with molecular hydrogen represents a low-cost and above all completely harmless reagent with very good kinetics. Mechanical processes use high-energy milling, which has an effect on the more intensive formation of surface and bulk defects in solid substances. The main advantage of mechanical processes is a smaller number of technological operations, a shorter time required to obtain the desired product at favorable environmental temperatures, and also the formation of nanostructures. The use of a biological process with the application of limnetic algae showed that algae with siliceous structures make it possible to obtain gold from the White Hill concentrate with nanoscale size. Limnetic algae (diatoms, golden algae) are part of aquatic ecosystems and create the largest matter of biomass from all plants on the Earth. The mechano-biological process is a method that enabled to obtain of gold nanoparticles with an average size of 100 nm from the Slovak gold-bearing concentrate from the White Hill deposit (BV-1). Mechanical activation of this concentrate and siliceous shells of the specified limnetic algae (Dinobryon, Surirella) in a molecular hydrogen solution caused changes in the physical-chemical properties of gold minerals as well as in the constituents of algae minerals. These structural changes had a decisive influence on the exclusion of gold nanoparticles into the molecular hydrogen solution under the defined reaction conditions. The gold nanoparticles were subsequently fixed in the cellular matrix of mechanically activated algae shells. The explanation of this phenomenon was the action of biomolecules, which the algae cells secreted in the course of reactions with metal ions present in the molecular hydrogen solution. Gold nanoparticles from the investigated concentrate were obtained by a new mechano-biological procedure already for four hours. In the case of mechanical activation of the concentrate, but without activation of the used algae, gold nanoparticles were excluded after sixteen hours. It follows from this knowledge that the application of an absolutely ecologically harmless aqueous solution enriched by molecular hydrogen and the use of limnetic algae confirmed the suitability of the innovative method for obtaining of nano gold from the concentrate. From the achieved research results significantly more effective kinetics is evident in the case of activated algae. Nanoparticles of gold obtained by the mentioned procedure can have important practical utilization, such as accelerating of the decomposition of dangerous substances or neutralizing pollutants in contaminated water, soil, and air. Simultaneously, obtaining of gold nanoparticles would also be beneficial for removing algae from the aquatic environment, where they are very dangerous for all living organisms.

5

Diagnostic gold deportment studies and leaching behaviour of small-scale gold mining tailings from eastern region, Ghana

Quaicoe Ishmael, Beyuo Martin, Quaicoe Solomon, Lasidzi Nikao A.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2023

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Vol. 22. iss. 2

81--88

EN

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) sector employs about 80% of the mining workforce but only contributes about 20-30% of Ghana's gold production. The low gold production is linked to low recoveries associated with the activities because of inadequate understanding of the chemical, mineralogical and metallurgical characteristics of the ores. This study examined the metallurgical characteristics of typical small-scale gold mining tailings to understand their grinding characteristics, gold deportment and cyanidation behaviour. The gold deportment results showed that 96.1% of the gold in the samples is free milling (can be leached directly with cyanide and recovered through carbon adsorption), whilst the remaining 3.9% of the gold in the samples is associated/locked up with other mineral phases (carbonates, sulphides, carbonaceous matter and quartz). The gold-by-size distribution also indicated that 73.1% of the gold is contained in coarser size fractions (+150 mm), 14.96% is from -150 mm to +75 mm size range, and 11.83% is contained in the finer size distribution (-75 mm). This suggests that incorporating a gravity recovery system during processing will be highly advantageous. The leaching kinetics results showed that gold recoveries achieved within 8, 16 and 24 h were 68, 73.8 and 76.4%, respectively. The corresponding total cyanide consumption rates after 8, 16 and 24 h of leaching were 550, 580 and 600 ppm, respectively. Generally, the gold recoveries and the cyanide consumption rates agree with industrial practices/results. Overall, the outcomes of the study support the view that some small-scale gold mining tailings are economically viable, and hence can be re-processed through efficient processes such as carbon-in-leach/carbon-in-pulp.

6

Analiza rynku złota – wybrane aspekty

Kowal Barbara, Prusak Szymon, Pokusa Przemysław

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2023

|

no. 2, vol. 2

37--43

PL

Szczególnie cennymi surowcami mineralnymi są metale i kamienie szlachetne. Do metali szlachetnych zalicza się złoto, srebro i platyna, natomiast w grupie kamieni szlachetnych są m.in. diamenty, rubiny, szmaragdy, szafiry i wiele innych. Złoto jako kopalina nie odgrywa istotnego znaczenia gospodarczego, a jako metal jest mało użyteczne. Jednak od dawna stanowi symbol władzy, bogactwa i bezpieczeństwa. Ta symbolika stanowi podstawę wartości tego kruszcu. Artykuł stanowi omówienie wybranych aspektów rynku złota. Przedstawia informacje na temat pochodzenia złota i lokalizację miejsc z największymi złożami złota na świecie. Przybliża największych producentów złota oraz czołowe kopalnie, w których poziom wydobycia stanowi prawie 12% globalnego wydobycia złota. Prezentuje możliwe kierunki wykorzystania złota, które znajduje zastosowanie głównie w branży jubilerskiej, w stomatologii oraz jako inwestycja. Dodatkowo przedstawiono społeczny i przyrodniczy aspekt wydobycia złota. Autorzy zwracają szczególną uwagę na nielegalne „kopalnie”, którym obce są działania fair trade i których działalność degraduje ogromną skalę terenów lasów deszczowych.

EN

Metals and precious stones are precious mineral raw materials. Precious metals include gold, silver, and platinum, while the group of precious stones includes, among others: diamonds, rubies, emeralds, sapphires, and many others. Gold as a mineral has no significant economic importance and as a metal, it is of little use. However, it has long been a symbol of power, wealth, and security. This symbolism is the basis of the value of this precious metal. The article discusses selected aspects of the gold market. It presents information on the origin of gold and the location of places with the largest gold deposits in the world. It presents the largest gold producers and leading mines, where the level of extraction accounts for almost 12% of global gold mining. It presents possible directions for the use of gold, which is used mainly in the jewelry industry, in dentistry, and as an investment. Additionally, the social and natural aspects of gold mining were presented. The authors pay particular attention to illegal "mines" that do not comply with fair trade activities and whose activities degrade a large scale of rainforest areas.

7

Performance assessment of OpenMP constructs and benchmarks using modern compilers and multi-core CPUs

Gawrych Bartłomiej, Czarnul Pawel

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2023

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Vol. 35

973--978

EN

Considering ongoing developments of both modern CPUs, especially in the context of increasing numbers of cores, cache memory and architectures as well as compilers there is a constant need for benchmarking representative and frequently run workloads. The key metric is speed-up as the computational power of modern CPUs stems mainly from using multiple cores. In this paper, we show and discuss results from running codes such as: batch normalization, convolution, linear function, matrix multiplication, prime number test and wave equation; using compilers such as: GNU gcc, LLVM clang, icx, icc; run on four different 1 or 2-socket systems: 1 x Intel Core i7-5960X, 1 x Intel Core i9-9940X, 2 x Intel Xeon Platinum 8280L, 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6130. Results can be regarded as suggestions concerning scaling on particular CPUs including recommended thread number configurations.

8

Interpretation of remote sensing and aeromagnetic data to depict the structural framework of the transitional zone between the Igarra Schist belt and Anambra Basin, Nigeria

Salawu Naheem Banji

Acta Geophysica

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2023

|

Vol. 71, no. 1

227--246

EN

High-resolution aeromagnetic and Landsat-8 data were utilized for the structural investigation of the Igarra Schist Belt located where the Precambrian crystalline basement is unconformably overlain by the late-Cretaceous Anambra Basin fill. Analysis of the Landsat-8 data exhibits major lineaments that trend in E–W, ENE–WSW, NNW–SSE and N–S directions. Results from the analysis of total field anomaly data using total gradient amplitude and tilt angle of the horizontal gradient also show these same lineament trends. The superimposition of Landsat-8 and aeromagnetic data-derived lineaments resulted in the mapping of the regional lineaments, which provide clues to structurally controlled gold mineralization in the Igarra Schist Belt region. Details mapped from the remote sensing data show surface contacts that correspond to the boundary between the Igarra Schist Belt and Anambra Basin mapped from aeromagnetic data. The source parameter imaging of the aeromagnetic data provides depth estimates of the magnetic basement of the Igarra Schist Belt and Anambra Basin, which varies from 50 to above 650 m. The integration of the remote sensing and aeromagnetic lineaments with the 3-D Euler deconvolution results reveals that the locations of cluster solutions alignment with lineaments are target areas for gold mineralization, which is correlative to gold occurrences in the region.

9

Investments in gold or cryptocurrencies? Safe haven during the Covid-19 pandemic

Przyłuska-Schmitt Judyta, Jegorow Dorota, Bučková Jaroslava

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

|

z. 158

489--500

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of selected cryptocurrencies and gold in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The study covered the stock exchange of Gold and the four largest cryptocurrencies in terms of market capitalization: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin, and Cardano. The data for the analysis for the period 2020-2021 was taken from the internet platform www.coinmarketcap.com, where all cryptocurrencies are published in daily intervals, and from the Investing website www.investing.com for Gold. The analysis of data in the form of time series was carried out, based on the assumption that successive values in the data set represent successive measurements made at equal time intervals. Findings: Our findings prove that the studied cryptocurrencies proved to be resistant to economic fluctuations related to the pandemic crisis. Originality/value: We present original scientific research that provides useful information in a practical dimension for investors interested in the cryptocurrency market and safe assets, and anyone interested in the specificity of the problem at hand.

10

Prospects for thiourea as a leaching agent in Colombian gold small-scale mining: a comprehensive review

Borda Johana, Torres Robinson

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2022

|

Vol. 21, iss. 4

298--308

EN

Thiourea, as an alternative medium, is one of the most promising leaching agents for gold recovery by its commercial benefits and research challenges associated with performance and environmental impacts. This review article describes the operational conditions for the use of Thiourea vs cyanide, its chemistry, limitations, toxicity factors, environment, and recovery processes. Although thiourea gold extraction processes have not been applied on a large scale due to the instability of the reagent, its potential to overcome the limitations of cyanide is attractive to the process; with pH, potential, oxidant dosage, and temperature control, solubilized gold thiourea species are achieved. These can be recovered from the pregnant leach solution through methods such as activated carbon absorption and adsorption, polyurethane foams, ion exchange, and electrodeposition.

11

Cenne surowce z e-odpadów na wyciągnięcie ręki

Sikorski Wojciech

Energia i Recykling : gospodarka obiegu zamkniętego

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2022

|

nr 4

PL

Obecnie, w dobie ciągłych braków towarów, galopującej inflacji i problemów na różnych szczeblach polityki międzynarodowej, każdy surowiec jest niezwykle cenny. Cóż zatem można powiedzieć o sytuacji, gdy wraz z niektórymi towarami, które straciły już swoją przydatność – najczęściej z uwagi na popsucie się – pozbywamy się pewnych ilości drogocennych substratów tworzących wspomniane dobra? Chodzi tu między innymi o miedź, srebro, złoto, platynę oraz pallad.

12

Assessment of gold with titanium alloy weldability in conditions of a dental technique laboratory

Jania G., Żmudzki J., Topolska S.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

|

Vol. 118, nr 1

36--41

EN

Purpose: In dental practice, there is necessary to weld gold with titanium under the conditions of a dental technique laboratory, which is difficult. The aim was to assess the weldability of pure gold with the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V using a prosthetic laser welding machine. Design/methodology/approach: Gold wire in a diameter of 0.4 mm made with the use of a jewellery drawbar (GOLDPORT, Szczecin, Poland) was welded to a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V substrate of dental implant abutment screw (MegaGen). Dental laser welding parameters (Bego Laser Star T plus) were 230 V; 6.5 ms; 2.5 Hz; laser spot 0.3 mm, and argon blow. Samples were included in resin, ground (500-4000 SiC), polished (Al2O3 suspension) and etched (Kroll solution) per 20 s before observation under a light microscope. Findings: There were well-welded and poorly joined zones. The discontinuities and voids there were not visible or sparse next to the initial weld point. Dendritic structure at well-welded remelting zones and two-phase microstructure of titanium and Ti3Au phase were found. The heat-affected zone was about of 20 microns. Research limitations/implications: Light microscopy was used, and precise phase identification required further investigations. Weld strength assessment requires further micro-hardness and load-bearing ability tests. Weldability concerns the model system with pure gold. Practical implications: In the case of elements with dimensions below 0.4 mm, the use of a laser with a smaller spot should be considered for better control of the remelting zone and mechanical positioning of the elements in order to stabilize and avoid discontinuities and voids. Originality/value: Prosthetic laser welding with a laser spot about of 0.3 mm allows to obtain well-welded parts of 0.3 mm in diameter under stable stitching conditions and higher than 0.4 mm in dimensions.

13

Błysk klejnotów zamknięty w pudełeczku kremu

Sikora Magdalena

Przemysł Farmaceutyczny

|

2021

|

nr 2

82--86

PL

Złoto, srebro, szlachetne kamienie, do niedawna postrzegane jako nieodłączne elementy biżuterii, coraz częściej można spotkać pośród składników kosmetyków. Nie dziwi to o tyle, że już w papirusach egipskich, pochodzących z około 1600 r. p.n.e., pojawiają się informacje na temat leczniczych i kosmetycznych właściwości tego typu surowców.

14

Socio-ecological analysis of artisanal gold mining in West Africa: a case study of Ghana

Takyi Richard, Hassan Rasha, El Mahrad Badr, Adade Richard

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2021

|

Vol. 20, iss. 3

206--219

EN

The surge in artisanal gold mining (AGM) activities and the associated environmental impact in Ghana have elicited several stakeholders' attempts to curb the problem. However, due to little understanding of the underlying issues, these efforts have been ineffective. This study aims to use a socio-ecological framework to analyze drivers of AGM activities, the environmental pressures, the state change, their impact on human welfare, and the management response as measures (DAPSI(W)R(M)) to the problem. Evaluate AGM's impact on Ghana's ability to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Data were collected from relevant literature on the subject and analyzed with the DAPSI(W) R(M) framework. Esteem needs, food, acceptance and friendship, and self-actualization are the main drivers of AGM activities leading to environmental pressures, including abrasion, extraction of living and non-living resources, the introduction of non-synthetic compounds, among others. State changes of the environment resulting from the pressures generated by human activities were changes in the land and forest cover (1.13%), topography (hills turned into flatland and undulating), and biota. Due to the state in the environment, water quality and availability, agriculture food production, fish yield, food safety, spiritual and cultural loss, death, injury, and health of gold miners and other stakeholders have been affected.

15

Environmental, health and safety intricacies of artisanal mining in the gold-rich landscapes of Karamoja, north-eastern Uganda

Serwajja Eria, Mukwaya Paul Isolo

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2021

|

Vol. 20, iss. 2

90--108

EN

Artisanal small-scale gold mining presents numerous opportunities for Uganda's rural poor. However, it also poses serious environmental, health and safety challenges. A suite of data collection methods including interviews, focus groups discussions, water and soils sampling were used to examine the perceptions of miners on the status, prevalence and extent of mercury use in artisanal gold mining, mercury transit routes and toxicity levels of soils and water in Karamoja sub-region. It also explores the health, safety and environmental implications of artisanal small-scale gold mining in the sub-region. The findings show that trade and access to mercury is widespread; although trade in, access to and its use is highly secretive. Traders access mercury through a number of ways including smuggling across the porous borderline and formal, but covert, importation. Miners then discreetly access it through undercover sales in jewellery shops and in affluent gated communities in Uganda's capital, Kampala. Soil and water samples showed mercury levels that exceeded the minimum acceptable limits of 0.03 mg/kg and 0.006 mg/l respectively. Further, artisanal small-scale gold mining is associated with massive land clearances and landscape deformations. It has invariably scarred the countryside with piles of waste and uncovered pits that are a source of accidents and ideal breeding grounds for vectors.

16

Evaluation of the extractive gold process: open-pit mining through exergy analysis

Velasquez Hector I., Orozco Loaiza Carlos Andres, Hasenstab Christian, Cano Natalia A.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

|

2020

|

Vol. 19, iss. 3

166--181

EN

The Colombian mining sector is characterized by the production of coal, nickel, emeralds, gold, and construction materials. It is considered by the National Development Plan of Colombia 2018-2022 as an economic agent that boosts development in the region and one that requires the strengthening of its policies and environmental liability. Therefore, this paper aims to show the importance of implementing methodologies based on the logic of nature (exergy) that objectively indicate the environmental impact of an extractive gold activity, such as open-pit gold mining. The extractive activity or process to be studied consists of the following stages: topsoil removal by using machinery and explosives to create craters and to access the mineral present in the subsoil; the physical transformation of the extracted material through crushing, grinding, gravimetric separation, flotation, leaching, adsorption, elution, and electrodeposition, along with smelting and casting to obtain gold and silver ingots. Thus, this paper analyzes the exergy performance of each unit process of the open-pit extractive process. The obtained results are used in a sensitivity analysis, which determines the system efficiency, by assuming the increase of gold in the extracted material in the exploitation stage, by using the same supplies and input of the current process. In other cases, the open-pit mining process is analyzed by changing its technologies in the mining process and assuming that this change reduces the inlet ore to 60%, by discarding 40% of material without gold and by reducing supply consumption by 25%. By improving the system efficiency, the exergy destroyed is reduced and the emissions to the environment diminish. Therefore, this method may be implemented as a basic guideline when it comes to decision-making processes in the planning of the extractive processes by integrating the environmental component with gold production.

17

Szkła złocone. Historia, technika, artyzm

Włodarczyk Adam

Szkło i Ceramika

|

2019

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R. 70, nr 4

5--8

PL

Udany duet może być przepisem na ponadczasowy sukces, a niebanalne połączenia pomagają zapisać się na wieki w pamięci pokoleń. Obszar sztuki wydaje się być szczególnie podatny na doświadczenia z łączeniem materiałów i form, a odważne zestawienia nierzadko dają zaskakująco pozytywne rezultaty. Eksperyment łamiący obowiązujące zasady nie był cechą awangardy XX w., lecz przejawiał się w każdej epoce historycznej. Wariacją tego rodzaju można nazwać śmiałe, a nawet ekstrawaganckie połączenie szkła oraz złota. Kompilacja tak skrajnie odmiennych materiałów była synonimem luksusu nie tylko w baroku – epoce zbytku i nadmiaru. Techniki złocenia szkła mają bardzo długą tradycję. Wśród nich lepiej znanymi są „gorąca”1 fondi d’oro i „zimna”2 verre églomisé. Genezy tych technik można szukać przed wiekami, w epoce starożytnej. Niniejszy artykuł obejmuje swym tematem wyłącznie przegląd fizycznych procedur dekoracyjnych, zarówno „na gorąco” jak i „na zimno”. Autor pomija chemiczne procesy stosowane w produkcji szkła, jak wykorzystanie złota koloidalnego, proszków i związków złota wprowadzanych do masy szklanej, wychodząc z założenia, że temat ten zasługuje na osobne opracowanie.

EN

A successful duo can be a recipe for a timeless success. Original connections help to save in the memory of generations. The area of art seems to be particularly susceptible to experiments with combining materials and forms, and bold statements often yield surprisingly positive results. The experiment breaking the binding rules was not a feature of the 20th century avant-garde, but was manifested in every historical period. A variation of this kind can be called a bold or even extravagant combination of glass and gold. Compilation of such extremely different materials was, became a synonym of luxury not only in the Baroque – an era of excesses and excess. The glass gilding technique have a very long tradition. Among them better known are “hot” fondi d’oro and “cold” verre églomisé. The genesis of these techniques can be sought for centuries, in the ancient era. This article covers only the overview of physical decorative procedures, both cold and hot. The author overlooks the chemical processes used in the production of glass, such as the use of colloidal gold, powders and gold compounds introduced into the glass mass, assuming that the subject deserves a separate study.

18

Badania możliwości roztwarzania złomu elektronicznego

Piwowońska Justyna, Benke Grzegorz

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne Recykling

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2019

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R. 64, nr 7

3--10

PL

Problem zagospodarowania zużytego sprzętu elektronicznego oraz jego skomplikowany recykling powoduje ciągłe poszukiwania nowych, innowacyjnych metod przerobu. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące możliwości roztwarzania zużytego złomu elektronicznego przy użyciu kwaśnego roztworu potrawiennego, będącego mieszaniną chlorków miedzi i wolnego kwasu chlorowodorowego. Sprawdzono wpływ temperatury, sposobu utleniania oraz czas reakcji na wydajność roztwarzania. Opracowano wstępny schemat blokowy przerobu złomu elektronicznego.

EN

Management of waste electrical and electronic equipment as well as its complex recycling require searching for alternative processing methods. Results of the investigation on the possibility of digestion of used electronic scrap in acidic pickling solution, which is a combination of copper chlorides and free hydrochloric acid, was presented in this paper. The effect of temperature, oxidation, and reaction time on digestion performance was tested. A preliminary block diagram for electronic scrap processing has been developed.

19

Identyfikacja domieszek V, Co, Ni i Au w minerałach kruszcowych rud Fe-Ti-V (NE Polska) na podstawie analiz mikrosondą rentgenowską (EMPA)

Sadłowska Katarzyna, Mikulski Stanisław Z.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 3

192--195

EN

The main objective of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively idenify trace metal admixtures in ore mineralsfrom Fe-Ti-V ore deposits within the Suwałki Anorthosite Massifin NE Poland. Chemical composition of ore minerals was determined using the CAMECA SX-100 electron microprobe and scanning electron microscope. The most abundant trace elements were Ti and Vhosted in oxides and Co, Ni, Cu, Zn contained in sulphides such aspentlandite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, siegenite, millerite. Scarce occurrences of native Bi, hessite and greenockite were identified. Samples, which were depleted in iron oxides were enriched in REE due to the presence of zircon, apatite and monazite.

20

Nanokompozytowe materiały węglowe z nanocząstkami złota : synteza, charakteryzacja, zastosowania

Rymarczyk Joanna, Czerwosz Elżbieta

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2019

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Vol. 60, nr 12

14--18

PL

W artykule przedstawiono sposób syntezy nanokompozytu węglowego z nanocząstkami złota (warstw C-Au), charakteryzację oraz potencjalne możliwości aplikacyjne warstw w oparciu o ich właściwości fotoelektryczne i/lub fototermiczne. Omówione zostały wyniki badań topografii warstw otrzymane metodą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej, morfologii - metodą spektrometrii rentgenowskiej z dyspersją energii, budowy krystalicznej - metodą dyfrakcji promieniowania rentgenowskiego i struktury elektronowej - metodą spektroskopii w zakresie światła widzialnego oraz bliskiego ultrafioletu.

EN

In this article the method of synthesis of carbon nanocomposite materials with gold nanoparticles was presented. The characterization and potential application of this films based on their photoelectric and / or photothermal properties were shown. The results of topography studies obtained by scanning electron microscopy, morphology - X-ray spectrometry with energy dispersion, crystal structure - X-ray diffraction and electron structure - visible and near ultraviolet spectroscopy are discussed.