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Ecological and Economic Aspects of the Formation of Highly Productive Soybean Crops

Mazur Victor, Alieksieievа Olha, Mazur Kateryna, Alieksieiev Oleksiy

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 12

124--129

EN

For the successful development of the agricultural sector, one of the main tasks during the cultivation of agricultural crops is the rational use of land resources and obtaining the highest possible quality of products with low labor costs. The practical value of the scientific article lies in the improvement of the elements of the technology of growing soybean varieties that differ in groups of maturity. The development of ecological and economic technological parameters made it possible to ensure the seed yield, depending on the maturity groups of high-tech varieties, up to 2.91 t/ha with high production profitability. The object of researchinvolved the processes of growth, development and formation of the soybean seed crop, as well as its quality depending on the developed technological parameters. The subject of research comprised soybean varieties, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation and a growth regulator. It was determined that soybean belongs to the high-protein strategic agricultural crop of Ukraine and the world. Providing the population with protein food is a global problem, because the increase in population significantly exceeds the production of protein products. Soy, which is characterized by a rare chemical composition, plays an important role in solving this problem – its seeds contain 38–42% protein, 18–32% fat, 25–30% carbohydrates, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, many essential amino acids with a significant degree of solubility and nutrition. This feature has a positive effect on the environment and allows obtaining ecologically clean products. The cultivation of soybeans is of great agrotechnical importance, as it is a good precursor for the cultivation of the vast majority of agricultural crops. However, the determining factor for obtaining a high yield of soybeans is the variety. On the basis of the research results, their economic analysis and with the aim of growing high soybean yields at the level of 2.91 t/ha, the agro-forming of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine recommended sowing the intensive soybean variety Sandra – carrying out pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with the bacterial preparation Rizotorphin in combination with the growth regulator Vermyst. Therefore, the scientific work is devoted to researching the yield and nutritional value of soybeans of different varieties depending on the inoculation of seeds with bacterial preparations and treatment with growth regulators, which is relevant as well as of scientific and practical interest in the field of ecologically oriented growing technologies.

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Exogenous regulation of the potatoes’ adaptive potential when using bio stimulants

Shitikova Aleksandra V., Abiala Adewale A., Tevchenkov Alexander A., Bazhenova Svetlana S., Lazarev Nikolay N., Kurenkova Evgeniya M.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 54

234--238

EN

Potato from the Solanaceae family is one of the most important crops in the world and its cultivation is common in many places. The average yield of this crop is 20 Mg·ha-1 and it is compatible with climatic conditions in many parts of the world. The experiment studied the possibility of exogenous regulation of the adaptive potential available for four potato cultivars through the use of growth stimulants with different action mechanisms: 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and chitosan biopolymer (CHT). The results allowed us to establish significant differences in growth parameters, plant height, leaf index, vegetation index, chlorophyll content, and yield structure. Monitoring growth and predicting yields well before harvest are essential to effectively managing potato productivity. Studies have confirmed the empirical relationship between the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and N-tester vegetation index data at various stages of potato growth with yield data. Statistical linear regression models were used to develop an empirical relationship between the NDVI and N-tester data and yield at different stages of crop growth. The equations have a maximum determination coefficient (R2) of 0.63 for the N-tester and 0.74 for the NDVI during the flowering phase (BBCH1 65). NDVI and N-tester vegetation index positively correlated with yield data at all growth stages.

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Yield-Forming Effects of Herbicide and Biostimulants Application in Potato Cultivation

Zarzecka Krystyna, Gugała Marek, Mystkowska Iwona, Sikorska Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 3

137--144

EN

A field experiment was carried out in 2018-2020 in central-eastern Poland. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different methods of applying herbicide and herbicide with biostimulants on the yields of dry matter, starch and protein. The experiment was established using the split-plot method, in which the first factor were two potato varieties (Oberon and Malaga), and the second factor involved five methods of applying herbicide and herbicide with biostimulants (1. control object, 2. clomazone herbicide + metribuzin, 3. clomazone herbicide + metribuzin + PlonoStart biostimulant, 4. clomazone herbicide + metribuzin + Aminoplant biostimulant, 5. clomazone herbicide + metribuzin + Agro-Sorb-Folium biostimulant). Potato varieties and methods of herbicide and biostimulant application significantly influenced the yield of dry matter, starch and protein. The highest yields of the above-mentioned tuber components were obtained from objects 5 and 3 sprayed with herbicide with the Agro-Sorb-Folium and PlonoStart biostimulants. The weather conditions prevailing in the years of the research were also decisive for the yield of protein collected from the area unit.

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Influence of Eco-Safe Growth-Regulating Substances on the Phytosanitary State of Agrocenoses of Wheat Varieties of Various Types of Development in Non-Irrigated Conditions of the Steppe Zone

Domaratskiy Yevhenii, Bazaliy Valerii, Dobrovol'skiy Andrey, Pichura Vitalii, Kozlova Olga

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

299--308

EN

The article is devoted to establishing the influence of multifunctional environmentally friendly growth-regulating preparations on the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses of various types of wheat varieties and their productivity under non-irrigated conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Field studies were conducted over 2016–2020 in two agroclimatic points of the steppe zone: such as in the experimental field of the Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University (GPS: 46.743447, 32.481064 Kherson, Ukraine – point 1) and the land use of the farm "Svetlana" (GPS: 47.635522, 32.099772 Vossiyatskoye Village, Mykolaiv region, Ukraine-point 2) under non-irrigated conditions. The implementation of the scientific research program was carried out by laying three – factor experiments in these agroecological points, where Factor A was the varieties of winter wheat – Khersonska 99, Kirena, Askaniyska, Mudrist, Clarissa, Khutoryanka; variants of Factor B: growth-regulating preparations – VuksalMicroplant, Helafit Combi, Phytomare, without cultivation (control); variants of factor C: terms of sowing winter wheat – 10.09, 20.09, 30.09 and 10.10. Studies established that the use of multifunctional growth-regulating preparations helped to reduce the level of plant damage by pathogenic microflora at all sowing periods and varieties of winter wheat. Phytomare and Helafit Combi were the most effective in this respect, under various growing conditions. In most cases, they reduced the degree of damage to winter wheat plants by pathogenic microflora by 40–50% or more. All applied growth regulators increased the mass of grain from the ear and the mass of 1000 grains at different sowing times. It was found that for five years of field research, the greatest increase in yield under different research conditions and different varieties was shown by the Helafit Combi preparation. When it was applied in the experimental field of the Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University, the yield was additionally formed from 0.22 up to 0.5 t/ha, in the field of FG "Svetlana", respectively, it was formed 0.14 up to 0.36 t/ha.

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Substancje czynne roślin oraz ich oddziaływanie przyrodnicze

Piecyk E.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Mechanika / Politechnika Opolska

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2013

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z. 102

111-114

EN

In general, growth regulators are all substances that stimulate or inhibit the processes of growth and development of plants. Because of the increasingly prevalent use of plant growth regulators in the article are presented growth regulators used in agricultural crops approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Poland and environmental aims.

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Effect of exogenous growth regulators on crop yield, assimilation pigment content and stomatal index in soya bean (Glycine max

Woźniak A., Stolarska A., Wróbel J., Marska B.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2008

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Vol. 15, nr 4-5

429-434

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the crop yield, leaf assimilation pigment content and stomata number per l mm2 of lower leaf blade epiderm area after application of gibberellic acid (GAJ with 6-benzoaminopurine and indolilo-3-acetic acid mixture. All growth regulators were applied in three concentrations, ie 10, 30 and 50 mg . l-I for indolilo-3-acetic acid and 6-benzoaminopurine and 40, 80 and 120 mg . 1-1 for gibberellic acid. The applied growth regulators brought about a reduction in the number of pods per plant and a decrease in the dry and fresh matter of pods and seeds per plant. All growth regulator mixtures applied affected the reduction of total chlorophyll content in soya bean leaves; however they did not have a significant effect on the number of stomata per I mm2 of lower leaf blade epiderm is area.

PL

Celem badań było określenie plonowania, zawartości barwników asymilacyjnych w liściach oraz liczby aparatów szparkowych na 1 mm2 dolnej epidermy blaszki liściowej po zastosowaniu mieszanin kwasu giberelinowego (GA,) z 6-benzyloaminopuryną oraz kwasem indolilo-3-octowym. Wszystkie regulatory wzrostu stosowano w trzech stężeniach, przy czym kwas indolilo-3-octowy oraz 6-benzyoaminopurynę w stężeniu 10, 30, 50 mg . 1 dm-' natomiast kwas giberelinowy w stężeniu 40, 80, 120 mg . 1 dm-'. Zastosowane regulatory wzrostu spowodowały redukcję liczby strąków na roślinie oraz spadek suchej, świeżej masy strąków i nasion z rośliny. Wszystkie mieszaniny zastosowanych regulatorów wzrostu wpłynęły na redukcję chlorofilu całkowitego w liściach soi, jednak nie miały one istotnego wpływu na liczbę aparatów szparkowych na 1 mm2 dolnej powierzchni epidermy blaszki liściowej.