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1
Content available remote Analysis of the fuel dose correction change trend in the diesel engine
Cieślikowski Bogusław
Technical Transactions
|
2025
|
Vol. 122, iss. 1
art. no. e2025009
EN
The article contains a functional analysis of the diesel engine ECU controller in terms of estimating the fuel dose correction signal. The reasons for introducing fuel dose correction for injectors in the area of limit values were analyzed, indicating the need for the diesel engine diagnostic process according to OBDII procedures in terms of changes in this parameter during engine operation. It is possible to use the engine ECU controller to implement extended functional diagnostic procedures in the scope of controlling the increase in the fuel dose correction value in a continuous system after implementing the supplemented software. Observing the trend of fuel dose correction variability will determine in advance the risk of an error code and MIL indicator light for the diesel engine power supply system.
2
Content available Evaluation of the repeatability of fuel dosing by the common rail fuel supply system
Dębowski Karol, Karczewski Mirosław
Combustion Engines
|
2025
|
R. 64, nr 4
178--190
EN
This study examined the repeatability of fuel dosage in a Common Rail injection system under five operating conditions: idling, full engine load, micro-dosing, full injector load, and high-frequency operation. Using an injection waveform indicator, researchers analyzed the dynamic behaviour of the injection process, including solenoid valve function and signal waveforms, which were compared to injection pressure buildup. Integral and differential injection characteristics were developed for each condition. Results showed the greatest dosing variability during micro-dosing, with a 6.24% variation in injection volume and 7.81% in pressure. In contrast, full engine load showed minimal variation (0.43% and 1.45%). The study concluded that injector component inertia notably impacts dosing consistency, especially at low pressures or short opening times.
3
Content available Enhanced diagnostics of common rail piezoelectric injectors using the box method
Stoeck Tomasz
Combustion Engines
|
2025
|
R. 64, nr 3
88--93
EN
The article presents one of the techniques of analytic geometry, referred to as the box method or the Minimum Bounding Rectangle (MBR) approach, which was applied in the diagnostics of a common rail piezoelectric injector. By extending the standard test procedure with a computational phase, it was possible to estimate the fuel dosing surface areas and compare them with reference values. It was demonstrated that the proposed method is particularly useful in situations where a clear assessment of the injector’s technical condition is difficult to obtain. This approach eliminates the need for additional measurements during the active testing phase, without increasing the final costs or the time required for the regeneration process.
4
Content available Diagnostic method for a piezoelectric injector using the Newton-Cotes formula
Stoeck Tomasz
Combustion Engines
|
2024
|
R. 63, nr 2
106--111
EN
The article presents a method for regenerating common rail injectors, which involves extending the standard diagnostic procedure with a phase of analytical calculations. The closed-type Newton-Cotes formula (referred to as the trapezoidal rule) was employed to estimate the resulting fuel spray patterns and compare them with the manufacturer's reference. In the discussed example, it was demonstrated that the proposed solution is particularly useful in challenging situations where a definitive assessment of the injector's technical condition remains difficult. Several other advantages were also highlighted, making this method suitable for application in laboratory and workshop conditions.
5
Content available Repair methodology of a piezoelectric injector utilizing components obtained from selective decomposition
Stoeck Tomasz
Combustion Engines
|
2023
|
R. 62, nr 3
63--67
EN
The paper presents an example of regeneration of a common rail piezoelectric fuel injector, which was carried out with using used parts. The most important stages of maintenance activities are listed, as well as the types of diagnostic tests performed on separate test benches. The obtained results indicate that this process can be effectively carried out with existing technological problems and lack of support from the manufacturer. At the same time, it was shown that, contrary to popular belief, cannibalisation does not have to be limited only to minor elements, but also to key components important from the point of view of the satisfactory technical condition and correct working of the fuel injector during further operation.
6
Content available Problems of regeneration of modern piezoelectric fuel injectors
Stoeck Tomasz
Combustion Engines
|
2022
|
R. 61, nr 4
3--8
EN
The paper presents a method of testing piezoelectric fuel injectors in modern common rail systems, which allows them to be repaired almost to the full extent. The obtained results indicate that this process can be effectively carried out, even taking into account the existing technological limitations. The most important stages of the implemented activities are specified, first of all the scope of required maintenance activities in the pre- and post-assembly stages, as well as the types of diagnostic tests carried out on separate test benches. Although the presented analysis concerns a specific example, individual conclusions and observations can be applied to fuel injectors from other manufacturers, in which the actuator is not replaceable.
7
Content available The use of neural network algorithms for modeling injection doses of modern fuel injectors
Abramek Karol Franciszek, Osipowicz Tomasz, Mozga Łukasz
Combustion Engines
|
2021
|
R. 60, nr 2
10--14
EN
The article presents the possibilities of using artificial intelligence methods to model the injection doses of a modern Common Rail (CR) fuel injector. The presented neural network solution belongs to the experimental models known as black boxes in mechatronics. The backpropagation algorithm and its Levenberg-Marquardt expansion were used for the simulation. The analysis showed that there is a good match between the measurements and the computational model. The proposed solution can be used in the processes of diagnosing not only elements of the injection equipment, but also the internal combustion engine.
8
Content available Method for testing modern common rail piezoelectric fuel injectors
Stoeck Tomasz
Combustion Engines
|
2021
|
R. 60, nr 3
31--36
EN
The paper presents the author's own method for testing piezoelectric common rail fuel injectors, which for many years were considered non-repairable components. This was mainly due to the lack of availability of spare parts and dedicated measuring equipment, enabling full diagnostics under test bench conditions. As a result, their workshop and laboratory servicing was very limited, as effective disassembly concerned basically only the plunger and barrel assembly (needle with nozzle) for selected reference models. The situation has now improved to such an extent that an author’s own regeneration procedure has been proposed with the replacement of the most important controls and actuators. The tests were carried out on the example of Siemens VDO Continental PCR 2.3 fuel injectors from one engine, listing the most important stages of this process, including the correction of fuel dosage and returns.
9
Content available Effect of the proportion of natural gas in the feeding dose on the combustion process in a self-ignition engine with a Common Rail fuel system
Wierzbicki S.
Diagnostyka
|
2018
|
Vol. 19, No. 4
65--70
EN
Limited oil resources, combined with the need to stem the toxic emissions to the atmosphere, necessitate seeking alternative fuels for combustion engines. According to forecasts, natural gas will be one of those fuels whose importance is likely to increase in future. Because of its properties, natural gas can be used directly in spark-ignition engines. When natural gas is used as fuel in much more efficient self-ignition engines, it is necessary to use dual fuelling. This paper presents the effect of the proportion of natural gas in the feed dose on the course of the combustion process in a turbocharged self-ignition engine. The engine was controlled by the Common Rail fuel system, programmed for single-fuel operation.
PL
Ograniczone zasoby ropy naftowej, a także konieczność ograniczenia emisji związków toksycznych do atmosfery wymuszają poszukiwanie alternatywnych paliw do silników spalinowych. Według prognoz jednym z paliw którego znaczenie w przyszłości będzie wzrastać jest gaz ziemny. Ze względu na właściwości gaz ziemny może być bezpośrednio wykorzystywany do zasilania silników o zapłonie iskrowym. W przypadku wykorzystania gazu ziemnego do zasilania znacznie sprawniejszych silników o zapłonie samoczynnym konieczne jest zastosowanie dwupaliwowego układu zasilania. W artykule przedstawiono wpływ udziału gazu ziemnego w dawce zasilającej na przebieg procesu spalania w turbodoładowanym silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym. W trakcie badań silnik był sterowany układem zasilania typu Common Rail oprogramowanym do pracy jednopaliwowej.
10
Content available Technical diagnostics fuel injection pump condition used of fuel with hydrogen containing admixtures
Balitskii A, Abramek K. F., Osipowicz T.
Badania Nieniszczące i Diagnostyka
|
2018
|
nr 2
3--5
EN
Article describes high pressure fuel pump CP1H Common Rail system which worked on fuel with hydrogen containing admixtures. It was presented how can high pressure injection pump diagnose. Research object was dismantled on spare parts and checked under microscope. Paper discusses construction and mechanism of action researched fuel pump. During the researches has been presented crucial elements of pump. It has been described the areas where are produced metal fillings in pressure pump and discussed the methods of prevents them.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono pompę wtryskową układu Common Rail typu CP1H, która pracowała na zanieczyszczonym dodatkami zawierającymi wodór paliwie. Pokazano, w jaki sposób można zdiagnozować pompę wtryskową, rozmontowaną na części składowe oraz poddano badaniom mikroskopowym. W referacie została omówiona budowa badanej pompy oraz zasada działania. Podczas badań zostały przedstawione najbardziej newralgiczne elementy pompy. Przedstawiono również miejsca pompy, w których tworzą się niebezpieczne metaliczne opiłki oraz omówiono metody im zapobiegania.
11
Content available Possibilities of research electromagnetic fuel injectors
Osipowicz T., Prajwowski K.
Journal of KONES
|
2017
|
Vol. 24, No. 2
167--175
EN
Article discusses issues concerning researching electromagnetic fuel injectors. These fuel system is using in automobiles all the time. Bosch Company declined piezoelectric fuel injectors and reverted to electromagnetic. There are known Denso, Delphi and Bosch electromagnetic fuel injectors. Article describes how to diagnose and repair it. Denso and Bosch fuel injectors have almost the same construction. These objects have very similar repair technology. Despite Denso fuel injectors has not manufacturer official repair technology it is possibility to regenerate it because there are tools and many spare parts available on the market. Article discusses construction and operation presented fuel injectors. There has been shown diagnostic parameters and how to analysis it. Researches have been made in laboratory handle; to research and repair Diesel injection systems. Article describes construction, operating testing and repairing of electromagnetic fuel injectors. The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of researching and repairing electromagnetic fuel injectors. The fuel unit injector testing and repair process is carried out. The tests were conducted in a specialist laboratory where fuel injectors, fuel unit injectors and fuel injection pumps are being regenerated. The setting of the opening pressure of fuel unit injector is a very important stage because it affects the volume of injection doses. The opening pressure of fuel unit injector should amount to 28 MPa. F
12
Content available Reduction of the Common Rail fuel injectors repair costs
Osipowicz T.
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
|
2017
|
Vol. 6, No 1
63--70
EN
This paper presents the analysis of costs reduction of Common Rail fuel injectors repairs. The task of fuel injectors is to spray and distribute fuel very precisely in combustion chamber. It has to be reliable to accomplish this task. The requirements for CI engines are low emission of toxic substances in fumes and low fuel consumption. In order to meet the rigorous standards, the Common Rail fuel injection system has been implemented, which increased fuel injection pressure and introduced multi – stage dosage. The cost of this ‘s repair is very high due to sophisticated spare parts and technology. This article describes how to lower the cost of modern fuel injectors repair.
13
Content available The influence of corrosion phenomena on operational parameters of modern fuel injectors CI-engines
Osipowicz T., Lisowski M.
Combustion Engines
|
2017
|
R. 56, nr 4
17--23
EN
The article describes the influence of corrosion phenomena on operational parameters of common fuel injectors. Paper has been presented and describes Common Rail fuel injectors, their structure and work principles. Main fuel injectors parameters, like injection dosage, back leakage and injection delay are discussed. It has been presented the elements of injectors which have influence on dosages magnitude and how the corrosion phenomena influences on its. The elements of injectors, which have an influence on dosages magnitudes, are presented and the effect of their corrosion is discussed.
14
Content available Diagnosing methods common rail fuel injectors
Osipowicz T., Abramek K. F.
Combustion Engines
|
2017
|
R. 56, nr 1
56--61
EN
Article describes diagnose and research methods Common Rail system fuel injectors. Professional diagnose modern fuel injectors is very difficult procedure. Basic theirs work parameter influencing on correctly work parameters are magnitude injection and return dosages by definite pressures prevailing in system and injection times. Sometimes dosages during diagnose by coordinate task and actual fuel injector are correct but engine work is not proper. So that during diagnose should extend tests procedure in range varie work conditions. Fuel injectors work characteristics are one of method researching in whole range work. During researches has been used Continental fuel injector.
15
Content available Wpływ naniesienia powłoki DLC na trwałość wybranego elementu układu wtryskowego typu Common Rail w silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym
Jasiok M.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2017
|
R. 18, nr 12
923--927, CD
PL
W artykule omówiony został problem trwałości pary precyzyjnej wtryskiwacza paliwa w układzie Common Rail. Przeprowadzono badania zużycia pary precyzyjnej iglicy i rozpylacza stanowiących integralną część wtryskiwacza elektromagnetycznego w układzie zasilania typu Common Rail silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym. Do oceny właściwości tribologicznych wykorzystano badania na tribotesterze T-05 w skojarzeniu rolka-klocek. Wyznaczono najważniejsze parametry eksploatacyjne, niezbędne do odzwierciedlenia rzeczywistych warunków eksploatacji. Na podstawie ww. wytycznych przeprowadzono badania wstępne umożliwiające określenie głównych mechanizmów zużywania i momentu zatarcia co pozwoliło na prognozowanie trwałości badanego węzła tarcia. Do badań wykorzystano rzeczywiste materiały, które są przeznaczane do współpracy w danym skojarzeniu, tj. szybkotnąca stal narzędziowa (HS 6-5-2) oraz stal narzędziowa 100Cr6 po obróbce cieplnej. W celu walidacji uzyskanych wyników badań, powinno się zestawić otrzymane rezultaty badań na stanowisku tribologicznym do wyników uzyskanych na obiekcie rzeczywistym.
EN
Paper presents the results of the study of the precision steam wear of the needle and the nozzle forming an integral part of the electromagnetic injector in the common rail feed system of the compression ignition engine. T-05 tribotester tests were used to evaluate the tribological properties of the roller-block system. The most important operational parameters have been identified, necessary to reflect the actual operating conditions. Based on the above. The guideline was a preliminary study to determine the main wear mechanisms and the moment of seizure, which allowed us to predict the durability of the examined friction node. The actual materials used in contact, ie high-speed tool steel (HS 6-5-2) and tool steel 100Cr6, were used for the study. In order to validate the obtained results, the results obtained at the tribological site should compared with the results obtained on the actual site.
16
Content available The impact of the share of CNG on the combustion process in a dual-fuel compression-ignition engine with the common rail system
Wierzbicki S., Śmieja M., Mikulski M.
Journal of KONES
|
2016
|
Vol. 23, No. 2
415--422
EN
The struggle against global warming necessitates the search for new sources of energy, which limit the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Among various fuels used to supply energy nowadays, the importance of natural gas is constantly growing. This is caused by the fact that this fuel is characterised by the lowest share of coal among all fossil fuels. Because of its properties, natural gas can be used directly to power spark-ignition engines. The use of this fuel for compression-ignition engines on the other hand is limited due to the high autoignition temperature of methane. Currently, research is being conducted in numerous centres on the possibility of using fuel gases to power CI engines operating in a dual-fuel system. The present article discusses the impact of the share of CNG in the supply dose on the operation of a CI engine. An engine with the Common Rail injection system programmed for mono-fuel operation was used in the research. Based on the conducted tests it has been proved that supplying this type of engine with fuel gas considerably changes the course of the combustion process, which is caused by the fact that the gas and air mixture present in the combustion chamber starts burning now of the autoignition of the first portion of liquid fuel. The obtained test results confirm the necessity to change the injection parameters of the pilot dose of diesel fuel (the timing angle of injection and the pressure of fuel) in cases when this type of engine operates in a dual-fuel system.
17
Content available Analysis of the costs and cost-efficiency of regeneration of modern fuel injection systems in CI engines
Osipowicz T.
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
|
2016
|
Vol. 5, No 2
45--50
EN
This paper presents the analysis of costs and cost-efficiency of the repair of modern fuel injection systems in compression-ignition engines. The requirements for modern Diesel engines are low emission of toxic substances into the atmosphere and low fuel consumption. In order to meet the rigorous standards, the Common Rail fuel injection system has been implemented. By increasing fuel injection pressure to 200 MPa and introducing multi-stage dosing, engine designers have improved the process of air-fuel mixture combustion and engine ecological and economic parameters. The price for these changes is an accelerated wear of fuel injection equipment in modern CI engines. Regular fuel filter replacement and periodical cleaning of the systems would minimise the risk of damage. Unfortunately, most users do not comply with vehicle servicing times, and come to car repair shops only when a failure occurs, but then it is too late and the repair costs are high.
18
Content available Wpływ zanieczyszczenia paliwa na charakterystykę pracy wtryskiwaczy Common Rail
Osadnik P., Czech P., Łazarz B., Matyja T., Juzek M.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2016
|
R. 17, nr 6
1061--1067
PL
Współczesne samochody z silnikami Diesla zasilanymi układami Common Rail są chętnie wybierane przez użytkowników. Cechuje je duża moc i elastyczność, niskie spalanie oraz spełnianie ekologicznych norm emisji. Jednak niewielu użytkowników jest świadomych jak istotna jest jakość paliwa użytego do zasilania silnika z układem Common Rail. Kompleksowa regeneracja układu wtryskowego CR wraz z oczyszczeniem obiegu niskiego oraz wysokiego ciśnienia paliwa może przekroczyć rynkową wartość samochodu kilkuletniego. W sytuacji takiej oszczędności płynące ze stosowania paliwa słabej jakości są pozorne. W artykule przedstawiono badania wpływu zanieczyszczenia paliwa na charakterystykę pracy wtryskiwaczy Common Rail.
EN
Modern cars with diesel engines powered by Common Rail systems are willingly chosen by users. They are characterized by high power and flexibility, fuel efficiency, fulfilling the ecological emission standards. However, very few users are aware of how important is the quality of the fuel used to power the engine with Common Rail injection system. Comprehensive regeneration of CR injection system, including cleaning of the high and low fuel pressure cycle may exceed the market value of several years car. In this situation savings deriving from the use of poor quality fuels are apparent. The article presents a study on the impact of fuel contamination on the operating characteristics of Common Rail injectors.
19
Content available Przyczyny tworzenia się osadów we wtryskiwaczach Common Rail
Stoeck T., Osipowicz T.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2016
|
R. 17, nr 8
139--141
PL
W artykule przedstawiono przyczyny oraz skutki tworzenia się zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych osadów w wysokociśnieniowych układach wtrysku paliwa Common Rail (CR) silników o zapłonie samoczynnym. Analizie poddano wybrane części składowe wtryskiwaczy, wskazując na elementy najczęściej ulegające procesom niszczącym.
EN
The paper presents on the state of affairs so far in the scope of external and internal diesel injection deposits issue affecting modern diesel high pressure Common Rail (CR) systems. The analysis included selected components, pointing to the elements and assemblies being most frequently subject to destructive processes.
20
Content available Diagnozowanie układów zasilania silników ZS z układem Common Rail
Osipowicz T.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2016
|
R. 17, nr 8
129--131
PL
Celem artykułu było przedstawienie możliwości diagnozowania układów zasilania paliwem silników ZS z układem Common Rail. W artykule przedstawiono prostą procedurę diagnostyczną silnika ZS z systemem CR. Obiektem badawczym był pojazd marki Volvo C 30 z silnikiem 1,6 D2 typu D4162T. Przebieg pojazdu 50 000 km. Układ wtryskowy zastosowany w pojeździe to Continental VDO Siemens.
EN
Article aim was describing possibilities of diagnosis Diesel Common Rail fuel system. Paper shows simply diagnostic procedure Common Rail Diesel engine. Research object was Volvo C 30 vehicle with 1,6 D2 engine D4162T type. Vehicle millage is 50 000 km. Vehicle injection system is Continental VDO Siemens.
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