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1
Content available Characteristics and electrochemical properties of Al2O3 thin films on surgical scalpel blades
Szindler Magdalena M., Szindler M., Fijalkowski M.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2023
|
Vol. 121, nr 1
165--173
EN
Surface modification techniques play an important role in shaping the physicochemical properties of surgical tools. The article discusses the problem of the destruction of surgical scalpel blades and the methods of depositing thin films on them. Design/methodology/approach Aluminium oxide thin films were deposited on the surface of surgical scalpels by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with a different number of cycles. The corrosion resistance of the blades with and without coatings was tested. The thickness of the deposited thin films was examined, and electrochemical tests were performed. Findings The ALD method allows the uniform deposition of the Al2O3 thin films on surfaces with complex shapes like a surgical scalpel. Each process cycle increases the layer by a specific value of about 0.1 nm. It is possible to control the thickness of the thin film precisely, which was confirmed by testing the thickness of the coatings with a reflectometer. Electrochemical tests have confirmed that ALD thin films are highly resistant to corrosion, which is extremely important in medical devices. The relationship between the thickness of the coating and its corrosion resistance was determined. Research limitations/implications The research conducted is the basis for further research on increasing the corrosion resistance of scalpel blades. In the next stages, multi-component layers, such as AZO, will be deposited on the scalpel blades, which could increase corrosion resistance. Practical implications During a surgical procedure involving cutting living tissue, a worn and unsharp tool is replaced with a new one, even several times. It generates a lot of medical waste. To minimise the amount of medical waste, it is proposed to use ceramic layers on the blades, thanks to which they will be resistant to corrosion for longer and thus remain sharp longer. Originality/value The PVD and CVD methods have been the most frequently reported. Still, the ALD method is characterised by high accuracy in controlling the thickness of layers and enables all elements to be covered, even in complex shapes. However, no reports of its use on scalpel blades have been identified.
2
Content available Synthesis and magnetic properties of Fe2O3 nanoparticles for hyperthermia application
Szmajnta K., Szindler M.M., Szindler M.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2021
|
Vol. 109, nr 2
80--85
EN
Purpose: The main purpose of this publication is to bring closer co-precipitation method of magnetic particles synthesis. Procedure of examining and characterisation of those materials was also shown. Design/methodology/approach: During the work, the properties and possible biomedical application of the material produced were also examined. Surface morphology studies of the obtained particles were made using Zeiss's Supra 35 scanning electron microscope and S/TEM TITAN 80-300 transmission electron microscope. In order to confirm the chemical composition of observed layers, qualitative tests were performed by means of spectroscopy of scattered X-ray energy using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The Raman spectra of the samples were measured with a InVia Raman microscope by Renishaw. Magnetic properties of hematite nanoparticles were made using VSM magnetometer. Findings: Using VSM magnetometer proved that obtained material is mixture of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic domain. Practical implications: Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) has been gaining an incrementally increasing interest of scientists in the biomedical areas. Presented materials can be used in the hyperthermia phenomena which can be used in precise cancer treatment. Originality/value: Specific magnetic properties which determinate obtained material to be well for hyperthermia phenomena.
3
Content available Titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thin films deposited by an atomization method
Machalska G., Noworolnik M., Szindler M., Sitek W., Babilas R.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2019
|
Vol. 100, nr 1/2
34--41
EN
Purpose: The article presents the results of research on titanium dioxide synthesized by a sol-gel method that is an easy process enabling the control of the shape and size of particles The purpose of this article is to examine titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thin films deposited by an atomization method. Design/methodology/approach: Titanium dioxide sol was synthesized by using titanium isopropoxide as a precursor. Optical properties were measured by a UV-Vis spectrometer. Structural studies were performed by Raman spectroscopy. Qualitative analysis was performed by the EDS. Surface morphology of nanoparticles and thin films was performed by the SEM technique. Findings: The sol-gel method allows the formation of uniform nanoparticles and thin films of titanium dioxide. The atomization method is a successful method for the deposition of sol to the surface of substrates. Research limitations/implications: The next step in the research will be to investigate the obtained thin films in dye-sensitized solar cells as a semiconductive layer. Practical implications: Unique properties of produced titanium dioxide nanostructural materials have caused the interest in them in such fields as optoelectronics, photovoltaics, medicine and decorative coatings. Originality/value: Titanium dioxide thin films and nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method and then deposited by the atomization method.
4
Content available Synthesis and properties of TiO2, NiO and ZnO nanoparticles and their possible biomedical application
Szmajnta K., Szindler M.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2019
|
Vol. 98, nr 2
81--84
EN
Purpose: The main purpose of this publication is to bring closer method of synthesis and examining basic properties of TiO2, ZnO and NiO nanoparticles (NPs), and investigate their possible biomedical application. Design/methodology/approach: Nanopowders were made with sol-gel method. Surface morphology studies of the obtained materials were made using Zeiss's Supra 35 scanning electron microscope and the structure using S/TEM TITAN 80-300 transmission electron microscope. In order to confirm the chemical composition of observed nanopowders, qualitative tests were performed by means of spectroscopy of scattered X-ray energy using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) method was used to analyse the particle size distribution using the AntonPaar Litesizer 500 nanoparticle size analyser. Changes in particle size distribution at elevated temperatures were also observed. The TiO2, ZnO and NiO NPs with spherical shape were successfully produced by sol-gel method. Findings: The diameter of the as prepared nanoparticles does not exceed 25 nm which is confirmed by the TEM analysis. The highest proportion among the agglomerates of the nanoparticles has been shown to show those with a diameter of 80 to 125 nm. The qualitative analysis of EDS confirmed the chemical composition of the material. Practical implications: Nanoparticles (NPs) has been receiving an incrementally increasing interest within biomedical fields researchers. Nanoparticles properties (physical, chemical, mechanical, optical, electrical, magnetic, etc.) are different from the properties of their counterparts with a larger particle size. Originality/value: The nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel method which allows the particle size to be controlled in a simple way.
5
Content available Barwnikowe ogniwa fotowoltaiczne z polielektrolitem
Szindler M., Szindler M.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2018
|
R. 94, nr 8
32--34
PL
W ramach pracy dokonano optymalizacji warunków osadzania cienkich warstw polimerowych oraz składu chemicznego nanoszonych roztworów. Zbadano możliwość zastąpienia ciekłego elektrolitu w barwnikowym ogniwie fotowoltaicznym cienką warstwą materiału polimerowego przewodzącego prąd elektryczny. Wytworzono i zbadano serię barwnikowych ogniw fotowoltaicznych o następującej budowie: ITO/TiO2/barwnik/warstwa aktywna/Al oraz standardowe ogniwa barwnikowe DSSC z ciekłym elektrolitem. Wykazano, że w barwnikowym ogniwie fotowoltaicznym ciekły elektrolit można zastąpić cienką warstwą materiału polimerowego z dodatkiem jodku potasu.
EN
The deposition conditions of polymer thin film and the solutions chemical composition were optimized. The possibility of replacing a liquid electrolyte in a photovoltaic cell with a thin film of an electrically conductive polymeric material was investigated. A series of solar photovoltaic cells with the following structure: ITO/TiO2/dye/active layer/Al and standard DSSC with liquid electrolyte was prepared and tested. It has been shown that in a DSSC the liquid electrolyte can be replaced by a thin film of a polymeric material dopped potassium iodide.
6
Badania własności elektrycznych ogniw fotowoltaicznych
Drygała A., Szindler M., Szindler M., Dobrzański L. A.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2018
|
R. 23, nr 2
22--26
7
Content available remote ZnO nanocrystalline powder prepared by sol-gel method for photoanode of dye sensitized solar cells application
Szindler M., Szindler M. M., Boryło P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 88, nr 1
12--17
EN
Purpose: The article presents the results of research on ZnO nanopowder prepared using sol-gel method that is the easy process enabling us to control shape and size of particles The purpose of this article is to synthesized ZnO nanostructures by sol-gel method and characterized them for use in dye sensitized solar cells. Design/methodology/approach: Zinc oxide nanopowder was synthesized by using zinc acetate dehydrate as a precursor. The prepared nanopowder has been subjected to structural analysis using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images were taken with a Zeiss Supra 35. Qualitative studies of chemical composition were also performed using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The structure of zinc oxide was investigated by X-ray crystallography The absorbance of zinc oxide layers with and without dye were measured by Thermo Scientific Evolution 220 spectrophotometer equipped with a xenon lamp in the wavelength range from 190 nm to 1100 nm. Findings: Sol-gel method allows the formation of uniform nanoparticles of zinc oxide. The nanoparticles have been successfully used in photoelectrode of dye sensitized solar cell. The light harvesting efficiency of the electrode it remains in a wide spectral range above 85%, which gives better results than in the case of titanium dioxide. Research limitations/implications: The next step in the research will be to investigate the ZnO/NiO composite on the properties of the photoelectrode of dye sensitized solar cell. Practical implications: he unique properties of produced ZnO nanostructural materials have caused their interest in such fields as medicine, transparent electronics and photovoltaics. Originality/value: The ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel method and then effectively used in the photoanode of dye sensitized solar cell.
8
Struktura i własności warstw Al₂O₃ osadzonych metodą ALD na krzemowych ogniwach fotowoltaicznych
Szindler M., Szindler M.
Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
|
2018
|
Vol. 59, nr 9
9--11
PL
W pracy zbadano możliwości zminimalizowania współczynnika odbicia światła, a w konsekwencji zwiększenia sprawności wytwarzanych krzemowych ogniw fotowoltaicznych, poprzez wytworzenie cienkiej warstwy antyrefleksyjnej Al₂O₃ metodą atomowego osadzania warstw. Badania morfologii powierzchni warstw wykonano przy użyciu skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego, z kolei strukturę zbadano przy użyciu dyfraktometru rentgenowskiego. W celu okreslenia własności optycznych cienkich warstw Al₂O₃ wykonano badania współczynnika odbicia światła przy użyciu spektrofotometru. Ogniwo fotowoltaiczne z osadzoną w temperaturze 300°C metodą ALD warstwą antyrefleksyjną przy zadanej liczbie cykli 830 osiągnęło sprawność 12,51%, podczas gdy sprawność ogniwa referencyjnego bez warstwy antyrefleksyjnej wyniosła 7,22%.
EN
The main goal of the study was to examine the possibility of minimizing the reflectance of light, and consequently increasing the efficiency of the produced silicon solar cells, by creating an Al₂O₃ antireflection coating by atomic layer deposition method (ALD). Surface layer morphology studies were performed by using scanning electron microscopy, while the structure was examined by using an X-ray diffractometer. In order to determine the optical properties of the Al₂O₃ thin films, light reflectance measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer. The solar cell with deposited antireflection coating by the ALD method with a 830 number of cycles at 300°C reached the efficiency of 12.51%, while the efficiency of the reference cell is 7.22%.
9
Content available remote The new generation of the biologicalengineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds
Dobrzański L. A., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz A. D., Czuba Z. P., Dobrzański L. B., Achtelik-Franczak A., Malara P., Szindler M., Kroll L.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 91, nr 2
56--85
EN
Purpose: The publication aims to find the relationship between the proliferation of surface layers of living cells and the deposition of thin atomic layers deposition ALD coatings on the pores internal surfaces of porous skeletons of medical and dental implant-scaffolds manufactured with the selective laser deposition SLS additive technology using titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The extensive review of the literature presents the state-of-the-art in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. General ageing of societies, increasing the incidence of oncological diseases and some transport and sports accidents, and also the spread of tooth decay and tooth cavities in many regions of the world has taken place nowadays. Those reasons involve resection of many tissues and organs and the need to replace cavities, among others bones and teeth through implantation, more and more often hybridized with tissue engineering methods. Findings: The results of investigations of the structure and properties of skeleton microporous materials produced from titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy powders by the method of selective laser sintering have been presented. Particularly valuable are the original and previously unpublished results of structural research using high-resolution transmission electron microscope HRTEM. Particular attention has been paid to the issues of surface engineering, in particular, the application of flat TiO2 and Al2O3 coatings applied inside micropores using the atomic layers deposition ALD method and hydroxyapatite applied the dip-coating sol-gel method, including advanced HRTEM research. The most important part of the work concerns the research of nesting and proliferation of live cells of osteoblasts the hFOB 1.19 (Human ATCC - CRL - 11372) culture line on the surface of micropores with surfaces covered with the mentioned layers. Research limitations/implications: The investigations reported in the paper fully confirmed the idea of the hybrid technology of producing microporous implants and implant-scaffolds to achieve original Authors’ biological-engineering materials. The surface engineering issues, including both flat-layered nonorganic coatings and interactions of those coverings with flat layers of living cells, play a crucial role. Originality/value: Materials commonly used in implantology and the most commonly used materials processing technologies in those applications have been described. Against that background, the original Authors' concept of implant-scaffolds and the application of microporous skeleton materials for this purpose have been presented.
10
Content available remote NiO nanoparticles prepared by the sol-gel method for a dye sensitized solar cell applications
Szindler M., Szindler M. M., Dobrzański L. A., Jung T.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 92, nr 1
15--21
EN
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to synthesized NiO nanostructures by sol-gel method and characterized them for use in dye sensitized solar cells. For this purpose, a paste prepared from nanoparticles was prepared and screen printed on a glass substrate with the FTO layer. Design/methodology/approach: Nickel oxide nanoparticles was synthesized with participation of nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid. The prepared nanopowder has been subjected to structural analysis using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images were taken with a Zeiss Supra 35. Qualitative studies of chemical composition were also performed using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The structure of nickel oxide was investigated by X-ray crystallography. An average crystallite size were calculated using Scherrer method and Williamson-Hall analysis. Light harvesting efficiency LHE was calculated from measured absorbance. Findings: The uniform nickel oxide nanoparticles with spherical shape were successfully produced by sol-gel method. The diameter of the as prepared nanoparticles does not exceed 25 nm which is confirmed by the XRD and TEM analysis. The light harvesting efficiency of the electrode in the entire studied range it’s over 90%. Therefore the NiO can be an attractive alternative to the most commonly used TiO2. Research limitations/implications: The next step in the research will be to investigate the ZnO/NiO composite on the properties of the photoelectrode of dye sensitized solar cell. Practical implications: The unique properties of produced NiO nanostructural materials have caused their interest in such fields as medicine, transparent electronics and photovoltaics. Originality/value: The NiO nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel method and then effectively used in the photoanode of dye sensitized solar cell.
11
Content available remote Metallic skeletons as reinforcement of new composite materials applied in orthopaedics and dentistry
Dobrzański L. A., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz A. D., Czuba Z. P., Dobrzański L. B., Achtelik-Franczak A., Malara P., Szindler M., Kroll L.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 92, nr 2
53--85
EN
Purpose: The article concerns the development of completely new groups of composite materials that can be used to produce functional replacements for damaged bones or teeth. Design/methodology/approach: A selective laser sintering was used to produce the reinforcement of those materials from titanium and its Ti6Al4V alloy in the form of skeletons with pores with adjustable geometric features. The matrix of those materials is either air or crystallised from the liquid AlSi12 or AlSi7Mg0.3 alloys condition after prior vacuum infiltration or human osteoblast cells from the hFOB 1.19 (Human ATCC - CRL - 11372) culture line. Findings: The porous material may be used for the non-biodegradable scaffold. After implantation into the body in the form of an implant-scaffold one, it allows the natural cells of the patient to grow into the pores of the implant, and it fuses with the bone or the appropriate tissue over time. The essential part of the implant-scaffold is the porous part inseparably connected with the core of solid materials. Into pores can grow living cells. Research limitations/implications: Biological-engineering composite materials in which natural cells were cultured in the pores in the laboratory next are combined as an artificial material with the natural cells of the patient in his/her body. Practical implications: The hybrid technologies of the all group of those materials were obtained and optimised. Numerous structure research was carried out using the most modern research methods of contemporary materials engineering, and mechanical tests and biological research involving the cultivation of natural cells were realised. Originality/value: The results of the research indicate the accuracy of the idea of implementing a new group of biological-engineering materials and the wide possibilities of their application in regenerative medicine.
12
Content available Zastosowanie transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej w badaniach materiałów inżynierskich
Pawlyta M., Szindler M., Łukowiec D.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2017
|
R. 22, nr 5
6--10
13
Content available remote Comparison of surface morphology and structure of Al2O3 thin films deposited by sol-gel and ALD methods
Szindler M., Szindler M. M., Pawlyta M., Jung T., Dobrzański L. A.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 82, nr 2
49--57
EN
Purpose: of this research was examination Al2O3 thin film obtained with two different method, by sol-gel and ALD, and comparison the surface morphology and structure of deposited thin films. The films deposited on the monocrystalline silicon were tested for their suitability for use in silicon solar cells. Design/methodology/approach: Trimethylaluminum (TMA) was used as a precursor of Al2O3 which is reacted with water enabled the deposition of thin films by ALD method. By the sol-gel method the aluminium tri-sec butoxide (TBA) was used as a precursor to obtain Al2O3 thin films. The aluminium oxide solutions prepared by sol-gel method were deposited by spin coating technique. Examination of the structure and morphology of the surface of the Al2O3 thin films deposited by sol gel and ALD method were performed using atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscope. For the analysis of surface topography deposited thin films atomic force microscope XE-100 from Park Systems was used. Qualitative analysis of the chemical composition was carried out using an energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS). The detailed structural studies were conducted using a Titan 80-300 scanning-transmission electron microscope S/TEM from the FEI Company. Detailed research on the structure of the deposited Al2O3 thin films were performed. The HRTEM images and diffraction SAED were recorded. Findings: The small atoms clusters of a width less than 20 nm were documented. The thin film deposited by spin-coating technique on silicon substrate with 3000 rpm is characterized by RMS and Ra values of, respectively, 0.26 and 0.2 nm. RMS was defined as rough mean square parameter and Ra was defined as the arithmetic mean deviation of the profile from the mean line. An analysis of the frequency histograms of irregularities of the thin film obtained by the spin coating on a silicon substrate at 3000 rpm shows that a large part of them does not exceed 0.5 nm, and the single irregularities reach up to 2.2 nm. When comparing the AFM pictures with the thin films deposited by ALD technique and spin-coating it has been found that the thin films obtained on polished silicon substrates are similar in morphology. The EDS spectra shows the characteristic for oxygen (0.525 keV) and aluminum (1.486 keV) reflections derived from the thin film. In Al2O3 thin film obtained by ALD method the occurrence of α phase of aluminum oxide with a hexagonal structure was identified, just like in the case of thin film deposited by sol-gel. Practical implications: Known aluminium oxide properties and the possibility of obtaining a uniform thin layer show that it can be good material for different application. Precise description of the properties of Al2O3 is very important, since this material is one of the most frequently used in catalyst industry, in medicine, electronics and photovoltaics, as well as a protective layer. The Al2O3 thin film can act as passive and anti-reflective layer simultaneously in silicon solar cell. Using this thin film can simplify the technology of manufacturing silicon solar cells Originality/value: The paper presents researches of aluminium oxide thin films deposited by sol-gel and atomic layer deposition method on monocrystalline silicon.
14
Content available Changes in Structure of CuCr0.6 Alloy After Repetitive Corrugation Process
Jung T., Kwaśny W., Rdzawski Z., Głuchowski W., Matus K., Pawlyta M., Szindler M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2017
|
Vol. 62, iss. 4
2441--2448
EN
This paper presents the study of repetitive corrugation process influence on the strengthening of annealed alloy. Based on the results of mechanical properties of deformed sample, it has been found that the microhardness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and apparent elastic limit are significantly increased in relation to annealed sample. Examination on transmission electron microscopy confirmed the effect of intensive plastic deformation on structure fragmentation in the nanometric scale. This work confirmed the possibility of using the repetitive corrugation process to increase mechanical properties of CuCr0.6 alloy.
15
Content available Carbon Nanomaterials Application as a Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Dobrzański A., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M., Drygała A., Wierzbicka A., Lukaszkowicz K., Szindler M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2017
|
Vol. 62, iss. 1
27--32
EN
The paper presents the results of the structure investigation of a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells using the carbon nanomaterials. Solar cells were fabricated on the glass with transparent conductive oxide TCO (10Ω/sq). Nanocrystalline titania based photoanode was prepared by spreading TiO2 paste onto TCO glass and subsequently annealed at 450°C for at least 30 min to convert anatase phase and make an interparticle network. After then the nanostructured titania films was immersed into an ethanolic solution of the ruthenium-based dye. As a counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells composite films of carbon nanomaterials and polystyrene sulfonate doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) PEDOT-PSS (Sigma-Aldrich) were deposited onto TCO substrates. Because carbon nanoelements and titanium oxide consist of nano-metric structural units to determine the properties of the cells and their parameters several surface sensitive techniques and methods, i.e. Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and electric properties of conductive layers were used.
16
Content available Nanocrystalline TiO2 Powder Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Dobrzański L. A., Szindler M. M., Szindler M., Lukaszkowicz K., Drygała A., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2016
|
Vol. 61, iss. 2A
833--836
EN
In this study titanium dioxide nanopowder has been manufactured and examined. Nanocrystalline TiO2 powder has been obtained by hydrolysis and peptization of a solution of titanium isopropoxide and isopropanol. Subsequently, produced powder has been subjected to structural analysis by using a transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and Raman spectrometer. For comparison purposes, a commercially available titanium dioxide powder (i.e. titanium white) was also used. Thin layers have been made from this powder and further have been examined by using a UV/VIS spectrometer. Completed research shows the nanocrystalline structure of obtained layers and their good properties such as absorbance at the range of wavelength equal 200 - 1000 nm.
17
Content available Carbon Nanotubes Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application
Drygała A., Dobrzański L. A., Szindler M., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M., Pawlyta M., Lukaszowicz K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2016
|
Vol. 61, iss. 2A
803--806
EN
The influence of the carbon nanotubes counter electrode deposited on the FTO glass substrates on the structure and optoelectrical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells counter electrode (CE) was analysed. Carbon materials have been applied in DSSC s in order to produce low-cost solar cells with reasonable efficiency. Platinum is a preferred material for the counter electrode because of its high conductivity and catalytic activity. However, the costs of manufacturing of the platinum counter electrode limit its use to large-scale applications in solar cells. This paper presents the results of examining the structure and properties of the studied layers, defining optical properties of conductive layers and electrical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells manufactured with the use of carbon nanotubes. Such counter electrodes are promising for the future fabrication of stable, low-cost and effective dye-sensitized solar cells.
18
Content available remote Visualisation of ankle injury using a thermal imaging camera
Kozarski Ł., Kuźma T., Pisz A., Łabuz-Roszak M., Kozarska M., Szindler M., Roszak M.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2016
|
Vol. 80, nr 2
59--63
EN
Purpose: This paper is dedicated to the study of the impact of multiple ankle injuries on blood flow in the lower limb. Design/methodology/approach: The study was performed using a thermal imaging camera which by differentiating temperature between the uninjured and injured leg enabled checking and comparing blood flow between both limbs. Findings: The patient subjected to the examination had suffered multiple ankle injuries. The images were taken before and after rehabilitation procedures so as to compare the temperature. Research limitations/implications: By using thermal imaging, the temperature differences within structures can be observed, which in turn attests to limited blood flow. Improper trophic might have had an influence on a slow recovery process. Practical implications: Analysis of image taken using a thermal imaging camera facilitates localizing damaged structures and planning the treatment process that aims at normalizing temperature differences between limbs. Moreover, the analysis of further images, taken during the treatment process enables us to evaluate the effectiveness of the selected method of treatment and to change the method if needed. The evaluation is entirely objective and it enables eliminating reliance on patient’s feedback, which is often subjective and unreliable. Originality/value: The study shows possibility of usage thermal imaging camera in traumatology.
19
Content available The impact of atomic layer deposition technological parameters on optical properties and morphology of Al2O3 thin films
Dobrzanski L. A., Szindler M., Szindler M., Hajduk B., Kotowicz S.
Optica Applicata
|
2015
|
Vol. 45, nr 4
573--583
EN
This paper presents some results of investigations on aluminum oxide Al2O3 thin films prepared by the atomic layer deposition method on polished monocrystalline silicon. It has been described how the technological parameters of the deposition process, like the number of cycles and substrate temperature, influenced the optical properties and morphology of prepared thin films. Their physical and optical properties like thickness, uniformity and refractive index have been investigated with spectroscopic ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy and UV/vis optical spectroscopy.
20
Content available remote Transparent platinum counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
Dobrzański L. A., Szindler M., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M., Drygała A., Lukaszkowicz K., Jung T., Szindler M.M.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 68, nr 1
5--10
EN
Purpose: The objective of this article was to compare the surface morphology and structure of thin films deposited by screen printing and sputtering (PVD) methods. Design/methodology/approach: The morphology of the surface of the platinum thin films was performed using a scanning electron microscope Zeiss Supra 35. The detailed surface topography studies were made using an atomic force microscope XE-100 Park systems company. Roughness parameters were calculated using the software XEI. The whole study was complemented by X-ray crystallography. Findings: Results and their analysis show that the physical vapour deposition method allows the deposition of thin films with a better quality than the screen printing method. Practical implications: The platinum thin films are good potential material for electronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaics. Originality/value: The paper presents results of investigations on platinum thin films prepared with screen printing and sputtering (PVD) methods on a FTO glass substrate.
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