Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Kriolit jako składnik odpadów z przemysłu motoryzacyjnego i jego wykorzystanie w gospodarce obiegu zamkniętego

Špirková Daniela, Luptakova Aneta, Zatrochova Monika

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2023

|

T. 102, nr 2

166--172

PL

Kriolit zawarty w szlamach z przemysłowej lakierni samochodowej może być odzyskany i wykorzystany w produkcji aluminium. Średnia zawartość kriolitu w szlamach wyniosła 94% mas. Zostanie on zawrócony do huty aluminium w ramach gospodarki obiegu zamkniętego. Wykazano spodziewane efekty ekonomiczne recyklingu kriolitu.

EN

Cryolite-contg. sludges from paint shop in a Slovakian car prodn. factory may be sepd. and processed to recover cryolyte. Av. content of cryolite in sludge was 94% by mass. Cryolite will be recycled to the an Al smelter. Economic effects of the recycling were shown.

2

Innowacje w przemyśle oponiarskim

Rucińska Katarzyna, Dąbrowski Kazimierz, Dębek Cezary

Polimery dla Biznesu

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2022

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nr 4

5--16

PL

W pracy przedstawiono innowacje w przemyśle oponiarskim. Największym odbiorcą wyrobów gumowych jest przemysł motoryzacyjny. Guma jest wykorzystywana do produkcji opon samochodowych i innych elementów znajdujących się w samochodach, tj.: elementy zawieszenia, wycieraczki, węże, uszczelki w kabinie, komorze silnikowej czy silnikach i skrzyni biegów. Rozwój nowoczesnych technologii oraz dbałość o środowisko naturalne spowodowały poszukiwanie nowych rozwiązań w technologii opon samochodowych, które stałyby się bardziej nowoczesne, innowacyjne i ekologiczne. Są to innowacje związane ze zdobywaniem nowych źródeł surowców do produkcji opon tj.: elastomerów z biomasy, zrębków drzewnych, kauczuk naturalny z mniszka kok‑sagiz (Taraxum kok‑saghyz) oraz stosowaniem surowców wtórnych. Nowymi rozwiązaniami mogą być także: opony wykorzystujące technologie druku 3D, wprowadzenie czujników połączonych z komputerem pokładowym lub smartfonem. Dzięki takiemu rozwiązaniu kierowca będzie na bieżąco informowany o stanie dróg, jakości opon i będzie mógł kontaktować się z innymi użytkownikami dróg za pomocą nowych technologii. Prezentowane innowacje związane są z wpływem rozwoju nowych i proekologicznych technologii na przemysł oponiarski.

EN

The paper presents innovations in the tire industry. The largest consumer of rubber products is the automotive industry. Rubber is used in the production of car tyres and other components in cars, i.e.: suspension elements wipers, hoses, seals in the cabin, engine compartment or engines and transmission. The development of moderntechnologies and taking care of the natural environment caused the search for new solutions in car tire technology, which would become more modern, innovative and ecological. These are innovations connected with gaining new sources of raw materials for tire production, i.e: elastomers from biomass, or from wood chips, natural rubber of dandelion kok‑saghyz (Taraxum kok‑saghyz), use of recycled material. New solutions may also be: 3D‑printed tires, introducing sensors connected to the on‑board computer or smartphone. Thanks to this solution, the driver will be kept informed about the condition of the roads, the quality of tires and will be able to contact other road users with the help of new technologies. The innovations presented are related to the impact of the development of new and environmentally friendly technologies on the tire industry.

3

Reducing Flow Time in an Automotive Asynchronous Assembly Line – An application from an automotive factory

El Ahmadi Salah Eddine Ayoub, El Abbadi Laila

Management and Production Engineering Review

|

2022

|

Vol. 13, No. 1

99--106

EN

The automotive industry is a highly competitive sector. Manufacturers must effectively control highly complex production processes in order to fulfil all customer orders for customized cars on time, on budget and to the required quality. In this paper, the authors focus on improving the flow time of asynchronous automotive assembly lines by reducing the buffer time. A simulation-search heuristic procedure was developed and confirmed in a 5 workstations asynchronous assembly line installed in an automotive company. The proposed procedure identifies optimal performing buffer profiles for each storage level which guarantees lowest flow time while keeping the same throughput level. Experiments results show that our new algorithm significantly outperforms existing results, especially for large scale problems.

4

Production Resource Flexibility Assessment: Case Studies in the Automotive Industry

Moerth-Teo Oliver, Schlögl Gernot, Abdul-Hadi Muaaz, Brillinger Markus, Weinzerl Martin, Ramsauer Christian

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

|

Vol. 13, No. 3

20--29

EN

The automotive industry is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty. Companies are facing the challenge of producing different systems simultaneously. Additionally, the global quantity of electric vehicles is also expected to increase significantly. This results in the following capability to remain competitive: Effective and efficient adaptions of production systems to model variations and volume increases. While flexible production is identified as the most promising concept, defining the actual flexibility level of included production resources is essential for its proper realization. A literature review on existing flexibility assessment approaches revealed their emphasis on high-level enablers and limited practical applicability in the automotive industry. In contrast, focusing the assessment on single workstations supports the selection of appropriate production resources. Therefore, a simple and structured standard procedure for a production resource flexibility assessment was developed. This theoretical construct was subsequently complemented with practical insights through its application on two real-life case studies within one automotive engineering company. Summarizing and discussing the findings in combination with a conclusion completed this paper.

5

Comparison of Selected ERP Systems Supporting the Production Planning and Control on the Example of Automotive Industry

Sika Robert, Wojtala Oliwia, Hajkowski Jakub

Management and Production Engineering Review

|

2022

|

Vol. 13, No. 3

39--51

EN

In many companies, along with the economic development, the use of integrated management systems is becoming more and more common, which are subject to evolution in terms of, inter alia, offered functions and new user requirements. The main purpose of this paper is to compare selected ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems in the field of production planning and control on the example of the automotive industry. The paper presents the contemporary functioning of the automotive industry against the background of issues related to the integrated management systems used in them. The research part presents the proprietary methodology for the assessment of IT systems used in the automotive industry, which included a user survey. The obtained score allowed to indicate the optimal ERP class system supporting production planning and control.

6

Historiography of the development of the automotive industry dedicated to drivers with disabilities

Stasiak-Cieślak Beata

Archiwum Motoryzacji

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2022

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Vol. 98, nr 4

5--24

EN

The article presents retrospections of technological solutions for the construction of vehicles and adaptive devices used by drivers with disabilities. The author explored the subject using the method of historiographic analysis to collect and report the research material indicated in this study, taking into account the perspective of the development of science in this field. The study contains a dozen or so examples of vehicles that were constructed in the years 1945–2000, adaptive devices, microcars and autonomous vehicles dedicated to people with disabilities. The main purpose of the work was to draw attention to the trend in the development of simple technical solutions based on motorcycle mechanics to more complex autonomous vehicles. The direction in which the development of the automotive industry is heading is optimistic, although it still requires attention to be payed to certain aspects that will affect the use of the technological potential hidden in its capabilities. The study does not describe adaptive devices on the scale that is used, but rather shows that these measures were not perfect and were not based on relevant mobility needs.

7

Mold Temperature and Its Effect on Selected Properties of Cast AlSi5Cu2Mg Alloy

Širanec L., Bolibruchová D., Chalupova M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2022

|

Vol. 22, iss. 2

57--62

EN

The European Commission's ambitious plan to reduce CO2 emissions has a significant impact on the global automotive industry. Recent development of new diesel and petrol engines with direct injection is aimed at improving fuel efficiency while maintaining (or enhancing) engine performance. This naturally also increases the demands on the properties of the most stressed engine components (e.g., cylinder heads, engine blocks, pistons), which leads to the development of new materials. Presented work analysed the effect of different mold temperatures (60; 120; 180 °C) on mechanical, physical properties and microstructure of AlSi5Cu2Mg aluminium alloy. This alloy is currently being used for the production of cylinder head castings. The results showed that the changing mold temperature had an effect on mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength and Young modulus values). SEM with EDX analysis of intermetallic phases revealed there were no size and morphology changes of Cu, Mg and Fe intermetallic phases when the mold temperature changed. No significant effect of different mold temperature on physical properties (thermal and electrical conductivity) and fracture mechanism occurred during experiment. Optimal combination of mechanical and physical properties of AlSi5Cu2Mg alloy was achieved using a permanent mold with temperature ranging from 120 to 180 °C.

8

Creation of More Efficient Work Environment through the New Design of the Automatic Robotic Assembly Station

Daneshjo Naqib, Sabadka Dušan, Malega Peter, Dzuro Matúš, Jankovič Michal

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 16, no 4

74--84

EN

This paper deals with the design of an automatic robotic assembly station with the aim of creating a new and more efficient working environment in the production process on the assembly line and thus contributing to meeting customer requirements. The paper presents theoretical knowledge on innovations and on the innovation process. The introduction of an automated workplace will lead to a higher production line than it follows from evaluation of data collected over time. The result of the work is a proposal to create a new and more efficient work environment

9

The impact of the economic crisis on the financial situation of enterprises of the quality outsourcing sector

Puto Agnieszka

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 23, No. 2

403--420

EN

The article describes the impact of the economic crisis caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic on enterprises from the service outsourcing industry operating in 11 European countries. The following research objectives have been indicated: 1) learning the opinions of managers on the crisis and its impact on the company, 2) indicating positive and negative features of the economic situation related to the global pandemic, 3) the analysis of the financial situation during the pandemic. The methodology adopted in the research is based on the descriptive approach, using the case study analysis. For the purposes of the research, the structured interview questionnaire was used. The questions asked concerned the description of the specificity of the business, the company’s location, the impact of the economic crisis on the situation of enterprises, the description of the positive and negative impact of the crisis on the operation of enterprises. The area of interest covered the subjective opinions of managers on the existing economic situation, which is metaphorically compared to the black swan in the article. The research conducted in the companies from 11 European countries indicated that in the period of March-August 2020, due to the strong dependence of the sector on the automotive industry, the companies were affected by the crisis. The turnover and the number of employees decreased dramatically. The slow recovery of contractors from the crisis as well as the change in customer approach to staff employment have changed the operating conditions of the quality outsourcing sector companies. Flexible adaptation to customer requirements has brought about that all the analyzed companies recorded an increase in the sales of their services, counting on the further good prosperity of the industry.

PL

W artykule opisano wpływ kryzysu gospodarczego wywołanego globalną pandemią COVID-19 na przedsiębiorstwa z branży outsourcingu usług działające w 11 krajach Europy. Wskazano na następujące cele badawcze: 1) poznanie opinii menedżerów na temat kryzysu i jego wpływu na firmę, 2) wskazanie pozytywnych i negatywnych cech sytuacji gospodarczej związanej z pandemią światową, 3) analiza sytuacji finansowej podczas pandemii. Metodologia przyjęta w badaniu opiera się na podejściu opisowym, wykorzystując analizę studium przypadku. Na potrzeby badań wykorzystano ustrukturyzowany kwestionariusz wywiadu. Zadawane pytania dotyczyły opisu specyfiki działalności, lokalizacji firmy, wpływu kryzysu gospodarczego na sytuację przedsiębiorstw, opisu pozytywnego i negatywnego wpływu kryzysu na działalność przedsiębiorstw. W obszarze zainteresowania znalazły się subiektywne opinie menedżerów na temat istniejącej sytuacji gospodarczej, którą w artykule porównano metaforycznie do czarnego łabędzia. Badania przeprowadzone w firmach z 11 krajów europejskich wskazały, że w okresie marzec-sierpień 2020 r., ze względu na silne uzależnienie sektora od branży motoryzacyjnej, firmy zostały dotknięte kryzysem. Obroty i liczba pracowników drastycznie spadły. Powolne wychodzenie kontrahentów z kryzysu, a także zmiana podejścia klientów do zatrudniania pracowników zmieniły warunki działania firm z sektora outsourcingu wysokiej jakości. Elastyczne dostosowywanie się do wymagań klientów sprawiło, że wszystkie analizowane firmy odnotowały wzrost sprzedaży swoich usług, licząc na dalszą dobrą koniunkturę branży.

10

Resilient manufacturing: case studies in Thai automotive industries during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kaeo-tad Najavadh, Jeenanunta Chawalit, Chumnumporn Kwanchanok, Nitisahakul Thanapatra, Sanprasert Vararat

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2021

|

Vol. 13, no. 3

99--113

EN

The coronavirus pandemic is a crisis that disrupts the global supply chain and slows down the world economy. A significant challenge for the companies in the manufacturing sector is to mitigate risks related to the COVID-19 outbreak. Grounded in the resilience theory, resilience (i.e., prepare, prevent, protect, respond, and recover processes) aims to manage risks and ensure business continuity. This research aims to identify the key factors for the resilient manufacturing management of Thai automotive industries during the COVID-19 outbreak. Three outstanding companies of tier 1 automotive suppliers have been selected as case studies in this work. This qualitative research was completed by using a semi-structured interview. The target interviewers were CEOs or general managers. The data analysis was divided into two phases. Phase one summarised the interview data of each company. Phase two used thematic analysis and cross-case analysis to identify resilience practices’ patterns, themes, and multi-factors. The findings indicate three key factors to enhance resilience: leadership, technology, and the firm’s experience in handling emerging events. Together, these factors help enterprises to prepare for Business Continuity Planning (BCP), improve supply chain management, and increase the firm’s ability to recover from disruption situations. This paper contributes to the literature on the supply chain resilience in the automotive industry by providing a guideline for firms to implement resilience practices, improve business operations, and increase firm’s capabilities, both as human skills and technologies, to deal with a novel crisis. Resilience practices response to the COVID-19 outbreak not only helps the companies minimise business disruption in the short-term but also includes the long-term response strategies for unknown events. For this purpose, the case study research was conducted to investigate the resilience strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic and determine the critical success factors of resilience implementation in the Thai automotive industry.

11

Cleanliness test for variable packaging solutions in the automotive supply chain

Pečman Jan, Luptak Vladimir

Archiwum Motoryzacji

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2021

|

Vol. 91, nr 1

49--62

EN

Technical cleanliness is at the centre of attention in more and more sectors of the automotive industry. Its importance primarily lies in the need to ensure the correct function of components and it is necessary to take into account that impurities can affect the assembly and proper functioning of other components if they are connected together in the working circuit. Requirements for technical cleanliness vary according to the type and function of components and can be divided into two basic areas – chemical cleanliness (for example, lubricant contamination) and particulate cleanliness (particles and fibres). So-called clean production must include all areas up until final assembly – production, assembly, storage, transport and the packaging itself. In process chains, measures are taken to minimise contamination or particle generation to achieve a continuous and controllable standard of cleanliness. A special section is the cleanliness of the cable connectors, which is dealt with in this article. The introduction describes the current state of science and research in this field and then summarises the standard requirements in the automotive environment and the basic possible consequences of connector contamination. This is followed by a case study showing the possibilities of preventing contamination by particles and fibres, including a discussion of the effectiveness of these measures.

12

Factors that influence logistics decision making in the supply chain of the automotive industry

Škerlič Sebastjan

Transport Problems

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2020

|

T. 15, z. 3

117--126

EN

Logistics activities are present in different business functions, which is why unified decision making in logistics has a significant effect on the organization of logistics processes in companies. Scientific literature highlights various aspects of logistics decision making, but so far, no survey has been conducted that can accurately illustrate the effect of centralized logistics and the effect of the level of Logistics knowledge of employees from other departments on unified decision making in the organization of logistics processes. For this purpose, a statistical analysis was carried out on a sample of companies from the Slovenian automotive industry, which is one of theleading high-tech industries in the world. The results of multiple linear regression show that the greater the knowledge of logistics among the employees from other departments, the more logistics costs are taken into account during the development of the product. This is an important finding for the automotive industry, as well as for other manufacturing industries, especially with respect to efficient planning of Logistics processes, starting from the early stages of product development. This enables better control over logistics costs, as all business functions within the company participate in the process. The results presented here highlight future guidelines for the organisation of logistics processes in the high-tech automotive industry. It was verified by multiple linear regression.

13

Druk 3D jako technologia przyszłości – część 2

Fiał Chrystian, Pieknik Marcin

Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów

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2020

|

R. 65

106--115

PL

Obecnie technologia druku 3D znajduje zastosowanie w wielu obszarach życia codziennego i jest wykorzystywana w wielu gałęziach przemysłu. W publikacji skupiono się na omówieniu wykorzystania technologii druku 3D w przemyśle, zarówno przy projektowaniu samego wyrobu czy elementu, jak i do produkcji konkretnych części m.in. w motoryzacji, w budownictwie czy w przemyśle lotniczym. Technika druku 3D rozszerza swoje wykorzystanie na coraz to nowe obszary, z założenia nieoczywiste, takie jak przemysł spożywczy czy tekstylny. Technologia druku 3D zyskuje na popularności, ze względu na łatwy dostęp do drukarek oraz samych materiałów, a na przestrzeni lat kolejne gałęzie przemysłu zaczynają korzystać z ogromnych możliwości tej technologii.

EN

Currently, 3D printing technology is used in many ways and is practiced in many industries. The publication focuses on the summary of the use of 3D printing technology in many different industries, during the design of the product or element itself, as well in production of parts results in automotive, construction and aviation. The 3D printing technique is expanding its use to newer and non-obvious areas, such as the food or textile industry. The technology of 3D is going more popular due to the easy access to printers and the materials themselves, and over the years, subsequent branches of industry benefit from the huge possibilities of this technology.

14

Rozdrabianie struktury motoryzacyjnego stopu AISi7Mg mieszaninami soli i zaprawą AITi5B - wpływ na czystość stopu i wybranie właściwości użytkowe

Janus Arkadiusz, Zych Jerzy S., Smorawiński Zdzisław

Przegląd Odlewnictwa

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2020

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Vol. 70, nr 3-4

76--81

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań prowadzonych w warunkach przemysłowych. Badania dotyczą wieloparametrowej ocenę skuteczności działania mieszanin technicznych soli modyfikujących stop AISi7Mg - tzw. rozdrabniaczy ziaren. Mieszaniny soli są wytwarzane przez grupę producentów i stanowią ofertę przemysłową. Porównano skuteczność działania pięciu rożnych mieszanin soli barowych i tytanowych oraz zaprawy modyfikującej AITi5B. Sole wprowadzano do kąpieli metalowej metodą „na powierzchnie" po utworzeniu na niej leja, na skutek wysokich obrotów rotora rafinacji gazowej. Wszystkie sole zwiększają właściwości wytrzymałościowe stopu po obróbce cieplnej T6 (Rm.Rp02, A5, HB). Równolegle stwierdza się w badaniach, iż technika wprowadzania soli „na powierzchnię'' zwiększa liczbę wtrąceń niemetalowych w stopie. Wtrącenia, w przypadku wytwarzania obręczy kół samochodowych (felg), jeśli zostaną rozmieszczone na powierzchni odlewu, mogą stanowić przyczynę zabrakowania.

EN

The results of tests performed under industrial conditions are presented in the hereby paper. Investigations concern multi-parameter assessments of the efficiency of technological salts mixtures - the so-called grains crushers - modifying the AISi7Mg alloy. Mixtures of salts are produced by a group of producers and constitute the industrial offers. The efficiency of operations of five different mixtures of barium and titanium salts as well as of the AITi5B inoculant, were compared. Salts were introduced to the metal bath by the method: 'on the surface' after making a pouring cap in it, due to a high speed rotor of the gaseous refining. All salts increase strength properties of alloys after the heat treatment T6 (Rm.Rp02, A5, HH). It was also found in tests, that the salts introduction by means of 'on the surface' technique increases the number of non-metallic inclusions in the alloy. If such inclusions remain on the casting surface, they can constitute the reason of the casting rejection, in case of the production of wheel rims.

15

Eco-design processes in the automotive industry

Staniszewska Ewelina, Klimecka-Tatar Dorota, Obrecht Matevž

Production Engineering Archives

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2020

|

Vol. 26, Iss. 4

131--137

EN

Every year approximately 70 million passenger cars are being produced and automotive industry is much bigger then just passenger cars. The impact of automotive industry on the environment is tremendous. From extracting raw materials through manufacturing and assembly processes, exploitation of the vehicle to the reprocessing irreversible, extensive environmental damage is done. The goal of this study is to show how implementing eco-design processes into supply chain management can reduce the impact of automotive industry on the environment by e.g. reducing the use of the fuel, increasing the use of recycled materials. Focus is on evaluation of current state, environmental impacts and potential improvements for design, raw materials, manufacturing and distribution and end-of-life phase.

16

Identification of disruptions in transport processes

Dohn Katarzyna, Witnik Julia

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2020

|

nr 3

5--16

EN

Introduction/background: The article presents an analysis of risk factors that may cause disruptions affecting the shipping of parts and components for the automotive industry. In this regard, based on literature research, the meaning of a disruption risk and its management in transport processes are discussed. Furthermore, the role of the transport and logistics companies in the provision of services for the automotive sector is presented. In the next section, the methodology of risk factor analysis and assessment is determined and the results of studies conducted on disruptions that may have a key impact on the transport process of the analysed company are presented. Aim of the paper: The aim of the article is to determine the influence of disruptions in the transport processes of parts and components for the automotive industry through the analysis and assessment of disruption risk factors. Materials and methods: The tools and methods proposed to assess the risk of disruptions affecting the order execution for the transport service of parts and components for the automotive industry by the company under examination were as follows: an indicative analysis, a disruption risk assessment form, an expert judges method, PHA method and a risk matrix. Results and conclusions: The analysis has allowed for the identification of risk factors, which, due to the potential consequences estimated by a group of experts as well as the probability of occurrence, may have a key impact on the transport process in the investigated company. Indicative analysis has shown that the timeliness of transport, which is associated with delivery time, is a major issue in a company. This formed the basis for the further analysis of process disruptions.

17

Improving the topology of CAD models in the context of their susceptibility to design changes – phase of changes implementation. Part 2.

Świaczny Grzegorz, Wyleżoł Marek

Mechanik

|

2020

|

R. 93, nr 10

33-39

EN

The article presents the importance of effective use of CAx class systems in the design of elements made of plastic. An example of the process of creating such an element – a rear car reflex lamp – is described. The 1st part of the article (Mechanik, 8–9/2020: 53–59) was focused on showing the individual phases of preparing a 3D model of the reflex lamp. This part of the article presents modification of the model. The authors pay special attention to the role of the tree of the 3D model structure, which is a key factor influencing the project timing.

PL

Przedstawiono wagę efektywnego wykorzystania systemów klasy CAx podczas projektowania elementów z tworzywa sztucznego. Opisano proces tworzenia takiego elementu – na przykładzie tylnego odblasku samochodowego. W części 1 artykułu (Mechanik, 8–9/2020: 53–59) zaprezentowano poszczególne fazy przygotowania modelu 3D odblasku. W części 2 zostanie opisany proces modyfikacji tego modelu. Autorzy zwracają uwagę na rolę drzewa struktury modelu 3D, będącego kluczowym czynnikiem wpływającym na czas realizacji projektu.

18

Improving the topology of CAD models in the context of their susceptibility to design changes – model preparation stage. Part 1

Świaczny Grzegorz, Wyleżoł Marek

Mechanik

|

2020

|

R. 93, nr 8-9

53--59

EN

The article presents the importance of effective use of CAx class systems in the design of elements made of plastic. An example of the process of creating such an element – a rear car reflex lamp – is described. The 1st part of the article focuses on showing the individual phases of preparing a 3D model of the reflex lamp, while the 2nd part will present the process of its modification. The authors pay special attention to the role of the tree of the 3D model structure, which is a key factor influencing the project timing.

PL

Przedstawiono wagę efektywnego wykorzystania systemów klasy CAx podczas projektowania elementów z tworzywa sztucznego. Opisano proces tworzenia takiego elementu – na przykładzie tylnego odblasku samochodowego. Część 1 artykułu koncentruje się na pokazaniu poszczególnych faz przygotowania modelu 3D odblasku, natomiast w części 2 zostanie opisany proces jego modyfikacji. Autorzy zwracają uwagę na rolę drzewa struktury modelu 3D, będącego kluczowym czynnikiem wpływającym na czas realizacji projektu.

19

Obróbka cieplna stali średniomanganowych dla motoryzacji

Grajcar Adam, Morawiec Mateusz, Skowronek Adam

Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie

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2019

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nr 7-8

12--18

PL

Nowoczesne materiały konstrukcyjne wykorzystywane w branży automotive powinny łączyć wysoką wytrzymałość z dobrą formowalnością – są to własności do niedawna wykluczające się. Z drugiej strony koszty produkcji muszą być relatywnie niskie, gdyż aspekt ekonomiczny jest niezwykle ważny w obecnych czasach. Wymienione własności wytrzymałościowe można uzyskać dzięki rozdrobnieniu ziarna, jak również wygenerowaniu w stali austenitu szczątkowego, którego przemiana powoduje znaczne umocnienie materiału podczas odkształcenia. Koszty produkcji maleją wraz z ograniczeniem zawartości drogich dodatków stopowych. Cechy te wykazują stale średniomanganowe.

EN

Advanced structural materials used in the automotive industry should combine high strength and good formability – a pair of properties which until recently were mutually exclusive. On the other hand, production costs must be relatively low because the economic aspect is extremely important nowadays. The mentioned strength properties can be obtained due to grain refinement as well as the generation of retained austenite in steel, which is transformed during deformation causing the significant strain hardening of the material. Production costs decrease with the reduction of the content of expensive alloying elements. These features are the domain of medium manganese steels.

20

Chłodzenie blach taśmowych ze stali wielofazowych dla motoryzacji

Grajcar Adam

Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie

|

2019

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nr 5-6

95--99

PL

Nowoczesne wysoko wytrzymałe stale wielofazowe dla motoryzacji są produkowane w wąskich oknach technologicznych obróbki cieplnej lub cieplno-plastycznej. Typowe struktury dwufazowe lub wielofazowe wymagają kilkustopniowego chłodzenia z temperatury austenityzacji, niepełnej austenityzacji lub z temperatury końca walcowania na gorąco. Wymaga to dostosowania szybkości chłodzenia do kinetyki przemian fazowych austenitu przechłodzonego dla realizacji kolejnych przemian fazowych, tzn. ferrytycznej, bainitycznej czy martenzytycznej.

EN

Advanced high-strength multiphase steels for the automotive industry are produced in narrow technological windows of heat treatment or thermomechanical processing. Typical dual-phase or multiphase structures are subjected to a multi-step cooling from the austenitizing temperature, intercritical annealing temperature or finish rolling temperature. This requires to adjust the cooling rates to the kinetics of undercooled austenite phase transitions to realize successive phase transformations, i.e. ferritic, bainitic or martensitic. An isothermal holding step is very often needed within bainitic or martensitic transformations. Using universal laminar cooling lines is necessary.