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1

Investigation of the cosmic radiation effects on the components of a thin-film electrochromic system

Rybak Janusz, Marszalek Konstanty

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2025

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R. 101, nr 2

169--172

EN

In the this study, the investigations of the effects of cosmic radiation on the components of a thin-film electrochromic system were carried out. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, the thickness and optical properties of five layers before and after cosmic radiation exposure was characterized.. The analysis revealed minimal changes in thickness homogeneity and optical parameters, such as the refractive index and extinction coefficient. Transmittance measurements across the visible spectrum showed only minor differences within the measurement error range. These results suggest that cosmic radiation has a limited impact on the stability and performance of electrochromic components in space environments.

PL

W badaniu oceniono wpływ promieniowania kosmicznego na komponenty cienkowarstwowego systemu elektrochromowego. Wykorzystując elipsometrię spektroskopową, scharakteryzowano grubość i właściwości optyczne pięciu warstw przed i po ekspozycji na promieniowanie kosmiczne. Analiza ujawniła minimalne zmiany w jednorodności grubości i parametrach optycznych, takich jak współczynnik załamania światła i ekstynkcji. Pomiar transmitancji w pełnym zakresie widzialnego spektrum wykazał drobne różnice w granicach błędu pomiarowego. Wyniki sugerują ograniczony wpływ promieniowania kosmicznego na stabilność i wydajność komponentów elektrochromowych w środowiskach kosmicznych.

2

Development and characterization of gel electrolytes based on natural polymers for application in electrochromic devices

Wawrzaszek Urszula, Obstarczyk Agata

Opto-Electronics Review

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2025

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Vol. 33, No. 3

art. no. e155675

EN

This paper presents a study of gel electrolyte properties that may be applied in electrochromic devices. This research aimed to develop a stable and conductive gel electrolyte capable of dynamically changing light transmission in response to an applied voltage. The tested gels were prepared based on hydroxyethylcellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, sorbitol, glycerol, and conductive salt LiClO₄. During the research, the physicochemical properties of the gels were analysed, including mass change, density, ionic conductivity, and resistance. The optical quality of the gels was evaluated based on light transmission measurements. The conducted tests allowed for the selection of an optically homogeneous, transparent soft gel, free from air bubbles and contaminants. The highest ionic conductivity value obtained was 32.7 mS/cm². The transparency changes observed in the constructed electrochromic device, depending on the type of gel, were from 55% to 90%.

3

In-situ characterization of GaN material using Reflectance Spectroscopy

Pokryszka Piotr, Kijaszek Wojciech, Patela Sergiusz, Stafiniak Andrzej, Wośko Mateusz, Paszkiewicz Regina

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2025

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Vol. 32, nr 1

1--12

EN

This paper presents a measurement system for in-situ characterization of semiconductor structures fabricated by the Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOVPE) method using Reflectance Spectroscopy (RS). The construction of the developed measurement set-up is presented, along with a description of individual functional blocks. As part of the experiment, the parameters of the deposited gallium nitride (GaN) layer such as thickness (d), roughness (REMA), optical energy bandgap (Egopt) were monitored in-situ, and the complex refractive index (n + ik) of GaN was determined at temperatures above 1000˚C. The Effective Medium Approximation (EMA) method was employed to characterize the surface roughness of the layer during the growth process. Based on this data, the exact moment of full coalescence and subsequent growth in two dimensions was determined.

4

Effect of evaporation rate and substrate temperature on optical, structural, and electrical properties of ZnTe:Sb films deposited by thermal evaporation of Zn, Te, and Sb sources

Aqili Akram, Al-Reyahi Anas Y., Maghrabi Mufeed

Materials Science Poland

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2025

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Vol. 43, No. 2

78--86

EN

Antimony (Sb)-doped ZnTe films were deposited onto amorphous glass substrates via thermal evaporation of elemental sources. This study aims to investigate the effects of the Sb evaporation rate and glass substrate temperature on the various physical properties of the prepared films. Structural analysis was conducted using X-ray diffraction, and the elemental composition was determined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy attached to a scanning electron microscope. Optical transmittance spectra, recorded across the 400–2,000 nm wavelength range, were used to assess the film thickness, surface roughness, refractive index, and optical bandgap. DC conductivity measurements were performed under vacuum within a temperature range of 30–170°C. The results showed a significant increase in the conductivity of the films (by several orders of magnitude), accompanied by a clear change in the optical properties as a result of increasing Sb content in the films. Additionally, the substrate temperature was found to have a substantial effect on the physical characteristics of the films.

5

Poliperinon – od monomeru do polimeru o zerowej przerwie energetycznej

Łapkowski Mieczysław

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2024

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[Z] 78, 7-8

871--928

EN

A review of publications on the synthesis and properties of the family of compounds called perinones was performed. The basic molecule has been known for several decades mainly as a photostable pigment, but in recent years it has been increasingly used in organic electronics. The article describes methods for the synthesis of low molecular-weight compounds and polymers based on them, and also discusses the basic spectroscopic, photochemical, electrochemical and electronic properties important in the construction of organic electronics and optoelectronics devices. New results were presented showing a ladder polymer composed of perinone units with an electrochemical band gap close to zero.

6

Chemical etching for antireflective, gradient n, layer preparation on glass surface

Marszalek Konstanty W., Dyndał Katarzyna, Szczepanik Waldemar

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2024

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R. 100, nr 12

169--172

EN

The paper presents optical properties and applications of a new method of preparing glass plate with anti-reflective properties. In particular, the fabrication of a single-layer anti-reflective system obtained by chemical etching is described. Changes in the optical properties of such a system associated with changes in the thickness of the anti-reflective layer resulting from etching time are shown. A wide range of applications of such a system is presented, resulting from many times lower manufacturing costs.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono właściwości optyczne i zastosowania nowej metody przygotowania płytki szklanej o właściwościach antyrefleksyjnych. W szczególności opisano wytwarzanie jednowarstwowego układu antyrefleksyjnego otrzymanego metodą trawienia chemicznego. Przedstawiono zmiany właściwości optycznych takiego układu związane ze zmianami grubości warstwy antyrefleksyjnej wynikające z czasu trawienia. Przedstawiono szeroki zakres zastosowań takiego układu, wynikający z wielokrotnie niższych kosztów wytwarzania.

7

Glass-ceramic materials : influence of fluoride nanocrystals on emission properties of lanthanide ions

Śmiarowska Joanna, Pawlik Natalia, Pisarska Joanna, Pisarski Wojciech A.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2024

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Vol. 32, No. 4

art. no. e152680

EN

In this work, the oxyfluoride glass-ceramic materials containing LaF3 nanocrystals, prepared by using the sol-gel method, were described. The influence of fluoride nanocrystals on the photoluminescence properties of selected lanthanide ions was determined. The experimental results obtained for nano-glass-ceramics were compared to the precursor xerogels. Those Ln3+-doped sol-gel materials with dispersed LaF3 nanocrystals exhibit several visible emission bands. It was observed that heat-treatment process caused the elongation of the lifetimes of the 5D0 state from τ = 0.22 ms to τ1 = 0.79 ms, τ2 = 9.76 ms (for Eu3+-doped materials) and of the 4F9/2 state from τ = 0.027 ms to τ1 = 0.034 ms, τ2 = 1.731 ms (for Dy3+‑doped materials). The performed studies clearly revealed that luminescence behaviour also depends on an activator concentration and a distribution of energy levels of lanthanide ions.

8

Microstructural, antifungal and photocatalytic activity of NiO–ZnO nanocomposite

Wang Yixuan, Balakrishnan G.

Materials Science Poland

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2024

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Vol. 42, No. 1

107--115

EN

In this work, NiO–ZnO nanocomposite (NC) was prepared through a facile, low-temperature, sol–gel route. Zinc acetate dihydrate, nickel chloride hexahydrate, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), and citric acid were used in the synthesis of the material. Then, the sample was kept in the muffle furnace at a temperature of 600°C for 2 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV–Visible spectroscopy, and photocatalytic and antifungal investigations were used to characterize the synthesized nanocrystallites. The XRD data showedthe polycrystalline hexagonal ZnO nanoparticles and cubic NiO crystallites. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of Zn-O and Ni-O bonds in the sample. The FESEM analysis showed the morphology of nanocrystallitescharacterized by their homogeneous shape and size. The absorbance curves from the UV–Visible spectroscopy investigation revealed the bandgap of 3.17 eV. The research findings demonstrate that the NiO–ZnO NC possesses the significant level of selected microbial pathogens. Industrial dyesmake water unhealthy for drinking. Among these dyes, methylene blue (MB) is toxic, carcinogenic, and non-biodegradable, and causes a severe threat to human health and environmental safety. Hence, it is necessary to develop efficient and environmentally friendly technology to remove MB from wastewater. The ZnO–NiO NC degraded the MB dye pollutant under visible irradiation (125 W), according to photocatalytic tests. After 120 min of exposure, the photocatalytic investigations demonstrated 75% degradation efficiency.

9

Optical properties of liquid crystals

Kłosowicz Stanisław, Raszewski Zbigniew, Zieliński Jerzy

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2024

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Vol. 73, nr 1

9--26

EN

The paper presents the basic optical properties of liquid crystals. It focuses in particular on nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals, which exhibit particularly interesting and practical optical properties. The article also briefly covers the optical properties of ferroelectric smectics and liquid crystal composites, as well as the nonlinear optical properties of liquid crystals.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe właściwości optyczne ciekłych kryształów. Spośród licznych rodzajów tych substancji szerzej omówiono nematyczne i cholesteryczne ciekłe kryształy, wykazujące szczególnie interesujące i stosowane w praktyce właściwości optyczne. Przedstawiono też pokrótce właściwości optyczne ferroelektrycznych smektyków oraz kompozytów ciekłokrystalicznych, a także nieliniowe właściwości optyczne ciekłych kryształów.

10

Study of morphology and optical properties of novel Se-doped SnO2 1D nanostructures prepared by electrospinning

Smok W.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 129, nr 2

60--66

EN

Purpose: The paper aimed to manufacture novel SnO2:Se4+ nanostructures using a two-step electrospinning method followed by calcination at 500°C and to investigate its morphology, structure, chemical composition and optical properties. Design/methodology/approach: Nanostructures prepared by electrospinning and calcination were analysed for morphology and structure using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical and phase composition of the obtained nanomaterials was analysed using X-ray diffraction and the following spectroscopic methods: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer allowed us to analyse the range of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by the nanowires SnO2:Se4+ and determine their optical band gap. Findings: The electrospinning method followed by calcination successfully produced impurity-free, homogeneous, polycrystalline one-dimensional SnO2 nanostructures doped with Se4+ with an average diameter of 140 nm. Analysis of the optical properties of the manufactured nanostructures showed that their maximum absorption is in the middle and near-ultraviolet. The fabricated SnO2:Se4+ nanowires were characterized by a much lower optical band gap than undoped nanowires, increasing their application potential. Research limitations/implications: The work is a basis for further research on the effect of doping SnO2 nanostructures with nonmetal ions, in which, in the future, special attention should be paid to the influence of the manufacturing process parameters on the structure, morphology and optical and electrical properties of nanostructures. Practical implications: The favourable optical properties of spun SnO2:Se4+ nanowires give them great application potential in photocatalysis and the construction of modern photovoltaic cells and optoelectronic devices. Originality/value: In the given work, for the first time, a method of manufacturing Se4+-doped SnO2 nanowires using the electrospinning method followed by calcination was presented, and their morphology, structure, and optical properties were characterized. The presented study may provide valuable knowledge for the further development of semiconductor nanomaterials, which play a key role in developing fields such as gas sensing, communication, and renewable energy.

11

Structural and optical properties of aluminium nitride thin films fabricated using pulsed laser deposition and dc magnetron sputtering on various substrates

Virt Ihor, Potera Piotr, Wisz Grzegorz, Dziedzic Andrzej, Cieniek Bogumił, Lopatynskyi Ivan, Frugynskyi Marian

Advances in Materials Science

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2024

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Vol. 24, nr 1(79)

5--16

EN

Aluminium nitride thin films were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition and DC magnetron sputtering. Different technological parameters and the effects of different substrates on the optical and structural parameters of AlN samples were studied. An X-ray diffraction study was performed for the layer deposited on the Si3N4 substrate. A high-energy electron diffraction study was also carried out for the layer deposited on a KCl substrate. Transmission spectra of layers on quartz, sapphire, and glass substrates were obtained. An evaluation of the optical band gap of the obtained layers was carried out (Eg form 3.81 to 5.81 eV) and the refractive index was calculated (2.58). The relative density of the film (N1TN-AlN sample) is 1.26 and was calculated using the Lorentz-Lorentz relationship. Layers of aluminium nitride show an amorphous character with a polycrystalline region. It was shown that the properties of AlN films strongly depend on the method, growth conditions, and substrate used.

12

Nowe luminofory ceramiczne na bazie niskofononowych oliwinów germanianowych

Bednarska-Adam Nikola, Kuwik Marta, Pisarski Wojciech A., Pisarska Joanna

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 10

252--255

PL

W pracy opisano nowe luminofory ceramiczne na bazie oliwinów germanianowych. Przeprowadzono charakterystykę strukturalną oraz optyczną związków Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Pr, Ho, Tm) ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem widm emisji i diagramu chromatyczności CIE. Badania wykazały, że związki Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ o strukturze oliwinu emitują światło w zakresie czerwonym (Pr3+), zielonym (Ho3+) i niebieskim (Tm3+). Wyniki eksperymentalne sugerują możliwość zastosowania materiałów ceramicznych Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ jako emiterów światła widzialnego.

EN

In this work, new ceramic phosphors based on germanate olivines are descibed. Structural and optical characterization of compounds Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Pr, Ho, Tm) was carried out, with a special regards to emission spectra and chromaticity diagram CIE. The studies shown that Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ compounds with olivine structure emit red (Pr3+), green (Ho3+) and blue (Tm3+) light. The experimental results suggest that ceramic materials Li2MgGeO4:Ln3+ can be used as an emitters of visible light.

13

Optical characteristics of Portulaca grandiflora-doped Cellulose using the spray pyrolysis technique

Alaridhee Tahseen, Obeed Mohammed T., Malk Fatima H., Dhahi Baheya A.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2023

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Vol. 31, No. 3

art. no. e146553

EN

Thin films were prepared based on cellulose polymer doped with different ratios of natural dye derived from Portulaca grandiflora concentrations. The polymer and natural dye were extracted from eco-friendly materials - the cell walls of millet husks and Portulaca grandiflora, respectively. The spray pyrolysis technique was applied to prepare thin film samples to control the film morphology and reduce the roughness of the surface. Optical microscope and Fourier transform infrared were used to analyse structural, morphological, and functional groups for all samples, respectively. The peak absorbance, extinction coefficient, optical bandgap, Urbach energy, and optical conductivity for the thin films were determined using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The results show an enhancement in the optical characteristics when the natural cellulose is doped with a dye. Doping cellulose with 5% P. grandiflora has led to a considerable reduction in the energy bandgap (to 1.95 eV), compared to the sample doped with 1%.

14

Cost-effective titania layers over 100 nm thick : effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, and optical properties

Zięba Magdalena, Tyszkiewicz Cuma, Gondek Ewa, Wojtasik Katarzyna, Nizioł Jacek, Dorosz Dominik, Starzyk Bartłomiej, Szymczak Patryk, Pakieła Wojciech, Rogoziński Roman, Karasiński Paweł

Opto-Electronics Review

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2023

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Vol. 31, No. 4

art. no. e147913

EN

Titania dioxide (TiO₂) layers were synthesized via the acid-catalysed sol-gel route using titania (IV) ethoxide, and then annealed at temperatures varying in the range of 150-700 °C. The research concerned the effect of annealing temperature on the structure of TiO₂ layers, their surface morphology, and their optical properties. Further, X-ray diffractometry, and Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the structure of TiO₂ layers. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy were used to study the surface morphology of TiO₂ layers. Transmittance, reflectance, absorption edge, and optical homogeneity were investigated by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, while the refractive index and thicknesses of TiO₂ layers were measured using a monochromatic ellipsometer. Chromatic dispersion characteristics of the complex refractive index were determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Structural studies have shown that the TiO₂ layers annealed at temperatures up to 300 °C are amorphous, while those annealed at temperatures exceeding 300 °C are polycrystalline containing only anatase nanocrystals with sizes increasing from 6 to 20 nm with the increase of the annealing temperature. Investigations on the surface morphology of TiO₂ layers have shown that the surface roughness increases with the increase in annealing temperature. Spectrophotometric investigations have shown that TiO₂ layers are homogeneous and the width of the indirect optical band gap varies with annealing temperature from 3.53 eV to 3.73 eV.

15

Improving optical and morphological properties of Mn-doped ZnO via Ar ion sputtering followed by high-temperature UHV annealing

Zehar Elhachemi, Ouerdane Abdallah, Chetti Boualem, Çoruh Ali

Materials Science Poland

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2023

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Vol. 41, No. 2

325--338

EN

Using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique, pure (ZnO) and manganese (4at%)-doped zinc oxide (ZnMnO) thin films were synthesized and treated with Ar+ sputtering in the UHV (ultra-high vacuum) system. In this regard, XRD (X-ray diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), PL (photoluminescence), and AFM (atomic force microscopy) techniques were applied to investigate the electronic and photonic properties of ZnO. XRD and XPS allowed us to identify the successful incorporation of Mn as a substitute for Zn, while PL and AFM images reveal a high tendency for crystalline grains on the ZnMnO surface to aggregate to form small grains. However, bandgap narrowing, a redshift with considerable fluctuations in excitonic emission, and a perfect quenching of visible emission (400–640 nm) were observed. Investigations into defect-related emission in ZnMnO and ZnO compounds were conducted. The PL spectra of the prepared samples were measured and analyzed using Gaussian fitting. The PL of undoped ZnO exhibited an intense broad band with a peak at 550 nm. Two effects were shown to occur as a result of Mn doping: (i) a sharp quenching of self-activated PL with a progressive red-shift of the quenching’s spectral boundary; (ii) the appearance of a new emission band with a peak at 1.64 eV (756 nm), which dominates the PL spectrum and is noted in a band diagram; as well as a slight shift in the main line of ZnO, which is located at energy 3.275 eV (378.57nm).

16

Wyniki badań odpowiedzi gazochromowej na wodór cienkich warstw WO₃ naniesionych za pomocą parowania wiązką elektronową

Weichbrodt Wiktoria, Mazur Michał

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2023

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Vol. 72, nr 4

91--100

PL

Wśród materiałów chromowych dużym zainteresowaniem cieszy się trójtlenek wolframu (WO₃ ). Jest to bezbarwny półprzewodnik charakteryzujący się brakiem toksyczności oraz wysoką stabilnością chemiczną. WO₃ wykazuje właściwości gazochromowe, co oznacza, że materiał ulega odwracalnym zmianom właściwości optycznych pod wpływem gazu. te właściwości sprawiają, że trójtlenek wolframu jest odpowiednim materiałem do zastosowań czujnikowych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości strukturalnych i optycznych cienkich warstw trójtlenku wolframu wytworzonych metodą parowania wiązką elektronową i wygrzewanych w temperaturze od 400 do 800°C. Właściwości optyczne, w tym również właściwości gazochromowe, określono na podstawie widm transmisji światła w atmosferze zawierającej wodór o stężeniu od 50 do 500 ppm. Badano właściwości optyczne warstw WO₃ zarówno z naniesioną warstwą katalizatora w postaci palladu, jak i bez tej warstwy. Wygrzewanie próbek w temperaturze powyżej 400°C spowodowało krystalizację warstw, a dalsza modyfikacja poprocesowa w temperaturze 800°C spowodowała sublimację warstwy, stworzenie wysp krystalicznych ziaren o dużych rozmiarach oraz znaczne pogorszenie właściwości optycznych. Zmiana współczynnika transmisji światła nastąpiła we wszystkich próbkach z naniesioną warstwą katalizatora po ekspozycji warstw na wodór. Na podstawie zaprezentowanych wyników badań stwierdzono, że najlepszymi właściwościami gazochromowymi charakteryzują się warstwy wygrzewane w temperaturze 400°C, ponieważ wykazują największą zmianę transmisji światła pod wpływem wodoru. W pracy potwierdzono możliwość poprawy odpowiedzi gazochromowej cienkich warstw trójtlenku wolframu wytworzonych metodą parowania wiązką elektronową za pomocą wygrzewania, co zgodnie z bieżącą wiedzą nie zostało wcześniej osiągnięte.

EN

Among chromogenic materials, tungsten trioxide (WO₃) is of great interest. it is a colourless semiconductor characterised by a lack of toxicity and high chemical stability. WO₃ exhibits gasochromic properties, meaning that the material undergoes reversible changes in optical properties when it is exposed to gas. These properties make tungsten oxide a suitable material for sensing applications. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the surface, structural and optical properties of tungsten oxide thin films fabricated by electron beam evaporation and annealed at 400°C to 800°C. optical properties, including gasochromic properties, were determined from light transmission spectra in an atmosphere containing hydrogen at the concentrations ranging from 50 ppm to 500 ppm. The optical properties of WO₃ films without and with a palladium catalyst layer are applied. annealing the samples at temperatures above 400°C resulted in crystallisation of the layers, and further post-process modification at 800°C led to sublimation, the formation of islands of crystalline grains of large size and a significant deterioration in optical properties. a change in the light transmission coefficient occurred for all samples with the catalyst layer applied after the introduction of a hydrogen-argon mixture. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the layers annealed at 400°C had the best gasochromic properties due to the greatest changes in light transmission under hydrogen. The study confirms that it is possible to improve the gasochromic response of tungsten trioxide thin films produced by electron beam evaporation using thermal modification, which, to the best of current knowledge, has not previously been achieved.

17

Thermodynamic Phase Diagram and Phonon stability, Electronic and Optical Properties of FeVSb: A DFT study

Bagheri A., Boochani A., Masharian S. R., Jafarpour F. H.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 1

331--338

EN

Mechanical, electronic, thermodynamic phase diagram and optical properties of the FeVSb half-Heusler have been studied based on the density functional theory (DFT) framework. Studies have shown that this structure in the MgAgAs-type phase has static and dynamic mechanical stability with high thermodynamic phase consistency. Electronic calculations showed that this compound is a p-type semiconductor with an indirect energy gap of 0.39 eV. This compound’s optical response occurs in the infrared, visible regions, and at higher energies its dielectric sign is negative. The Plasmon oscillations have occurred in 20 eV, and its refraction index shifts to zero in 18 eV.

18

Chemical synthesis by precipitation of zinc oxide for boimedical application

Medjber Farida Ait, Amokrane Rachida, Djafri Dihia, Belmouhoub Zaina, Bentaha Dyhia, Yefsah Said

Advances in Materials Science

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2023

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Vol. 23, nr 2(76)

77--87

EN

The objective of the study is the chemical synthesis of ZnO powders, from ZnCl2 and NaOH solutions according to an appropriate procedure. The powders (a) and (b) obtained underwent various characterizations such as: optical microscopy, SEM, UV, BET, IR, XRD and antimicrobial activity. The results showed the inhomogeneous distribution, the nanometric size, the absorbance at 353 and 346 nm and the specific surface of 25.701 and 30.534 cm2/g of the particles, the presence of all the characteristic bands of ZnO which was confirmed by XRD and very good bacterial sensitivity of the two ZnO powders.

19

Wpływ promieniowania UV-VIS na właściwości optyczne i mechaniczne folii PLA/PHB

Malinowski Rafał, Stepczyńska Magdalena, Krasinskyi Volodymyr, Szymańska Lauren

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2022

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T. 101, nr 12

1082--1086

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu przyśpieszonego starzenia folii otrzymanych z polilaktydu (PLA) i poli(kwasu hydroksymasłowego) (PHB), a także ich mieszanin. W procesie tym zastosowano wyłącznie promieniowanie UV-VIS. Określono wpływ tego promieniowania na właściwości optyczne i mechaniczne wytworzonych folii. Stwierdzono, że badane folie są podatne na działanie promieniowania UV-VIS, na co wskazywały na ogół pogorszone właściwości mechaniczne tych folii, a także wzrost ich zamglenia i w większości przypadków zmniejszenie ich transparentności. Stwierdzono również, że w celu zachowania w dłuższym okresie czasu odpowiednich właściwości badanych folii, konieczne jest stosowanie dodatkowych środków stabilizujących.

EN

Film samples made of polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) or their mixtures were exposed to UV-VIS radiation at 45°C for 130 h. The effect of the radiation on the optical and mech. properties of the obtained films was detd. The tested films were susceptible to degradation when exposed to UV-VIS radiation. Deteriorated mech. properties of the films, an increase in their haze and, in most cases, a decrease in transparency were obsd. In order to maintain the appropriate properties of the films in the long term, it is necessary to use addnl. stabilizing agents.

20

Deposition and optical properties investigations of WO3 thin films for electrochromic device applications

Rybak Janusz, Marszalek Konstanty

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 9

251--254

EN

Tungsten oxide WO3 thin films are one of the most widely used layers with electrochromic properties. Various deposition methods are used to produce them, including magnetron sputtering. In this paper the authors present the construction of a Lesker high vacuum system for GLAD Magnetron Sputtering and results of optical properties investigations of WO3 thin films which can be used for multilayer electrochromic systems.

XX

Cienkie warstwy tlenku wolframu WO3 są jednymi z najszerzej stosowanych warstw o właściwościach elektrochromowych. Do ich wytwarzania stosowane są różne metody osadzania, w tym rozpylanie magnetronowe. W niniejszej pracy autorzy przedstawiają budowę wysokopróżniowego systemu firmy Lesker do rozpylania magnetronowego GLAD oraz wyniki badań właściwości optycznych cienkich warstw WO3, które mogą być stosowane w wielowarstwowych układach elektrochromowych.