Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Polish automotive industry during the Covid-19 pandemic. Evaluation of the WIG Automotive index

Firlej Chrystian, Kłoczko Angelika, Bednarz Eliza

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2026

|

z. 242

105--123

EN

Purpose: The article aims to analyse and evaluate the financial standing of WIG Automotive companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange between 2019 and 2023 using selected discriminant analysis models. We also examined the relationship between liquidity and profitability. The selected time interval supports conclusions about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The research process is threefold. It involves a literature review, analysis of 2019-2023 financial data from financial statements of the investigated companies, and selected statistical methods, such as discriminant analysis. Findings: All the automotive companies were in a good or very good financial standing during the period of interest. We confirmed the practicality of discriminant analysis models for forecasting insolvency risk and evaluating corporate financial standing in stable and unstable business environments. No clear association was identified between liquidity and profitability for the investigated companies. Practical implications: The presented research can be used to draw the attention of enterprises operating in the automotive industry to methods of assessing their financial condition and verifying the relationships between selected financial indicators. Originality/value: This article presents an analysis and assessment of the financial condition of selected companies from the WIG Automotive index. Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to identify the underlying causes of these financial results.

2

Analiza wpływu pandemii covid-19 na sektor lotniczy i strategie zapobiegania podobnym kryzysom w przyszłości

Kruszewska Wiktoria, Kowalczyk Julia, Arciechowska Emilia

Journal of KONBiN

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2026

|

Vol. 56, iss.1

127--148

PL

Artykuł stanowi kompleksową analizę wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na sektor transportu lotniczego w Polsce i na świecie, z uwzględnieniem ekonomicznych, organizacyjnych i operacyjnych skutków kryzysu. Pandemia doprowadziła do największego załamania w historii lotnictwa cywilnego – liczba pasażerów w 2020 r. spadła o ponad 65%, a globalne straty finansowe przewoźników przekroczyły 300 miliardów dolarów. W pracy przedstawiono szczegółowe dane dotyczące spadku liczby operacji lotniczych, redukcji połączeń międzynarodowych, bankructw linii oraz zmiany struktury rynku, w tym wzrostu znaczenia transportu cargo. Przeanalizowano również proces odbudowy sektora po 2021 r., wskazując na różnice przestrzenne i czasowe w regeneracji rynku w Europie, Stanach Zjednoczonych i Azji. Na przykładzie Polski omówiono efekty działań pomocowych w ramach tzw. tarcz antykryzysowych, obejmujących wsparcie płynnościowe dla Polskich Linii Lotniczych LOT, obniżki opłat nawigacyjnych oraz wdrażanie rozwiązań cyfrowych w portach lotniczych. Druga część opracowania ma charakter koncepcyjny i poświęcona jest opracowaniu zintegrowanej strategii zapobiegania podobnym kryzysom w przyszłości. Jej trzon stanowią plany ciągłości działania (Business Continuity Plans, BCP), systemy wczesnego ostrzegania oraz cyfrowa transformacja procesów operacyjnych. Przedstawiono model funkcjonalny BCP obejmujący identyfikację zagrożeń, ocenę ryzyka, plan reagowania, utrzymanie podstawowych funkcji operacyjnych oraz odbudowę po kryzysie. Zaproponowano również ujęcie teoretyczne oparte na algorytmie teorii masowej obsługi typu Non-Preemptive Priority System, pozwalającym modelować przepływ operacji lotniczych o różnym priorytecie w warunkach ograniczonych zasobów. Model ten umożliwia analizę czasu oczekiwania, poziomu wykorzystania zasobów oraz efektywności przydziału priorytetów, co może stanowić narzędzie wspierające procesy decyzyjne w zarządzaniu kryzysowym.

EN

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation sector in Poland and worldwide, addressing its economic, organizational, and operational consequences. The pandemic caused the most severe disruption in the history of civil aviation – the number of air passengers decreased by over 65% in 2020, and global airline losses exceeded 300 billion USD. The study provides detailed data on the reduction of passenger operations, international flight suspensions, and airline bankruptcies, as well as the restructuring of the market, including the growing significance of cargo transport. The recovery process of the aviation sector after 2021 is analyzed in terms of its spatial and temporal diversity, emphasizing regional differences between Europe, the United States, and Asia. The article discusses national support measures undertaken in Poland, including financial aid for LOT Polish Airlines, temporary reductions in air navigation charges, and the introduction of contactless digital technologies at airports. The second part of the paper develops a conceptual model of a crisis prevention strategy aimed at enhancing the sector’s resilience to future disruptions. This strategy is based on Business Continuity Plans (BCP), early warning systems, digital transformation, and sustainable development principles. A functional framework of the BCP is proposed, encompassing hazard identification, risk assessment, response planning, continuity of critical operations, and post-crisis recovery. Moreover, a theoretical model derived from queueing theory – the Non-Preemptive Priority System – is introduced as an analytical tool for managing air traffic operations of different priority levels under capacity constraints. This approach enables simulation of waiting times, resource utilization, and the efficiency of priority allocation, thereby supporting decision-making processes in crisis management.

3

Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on marketing strategies employed by cruise operating companies

Nowosielski Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

|

z. 227

155--165

EN

Purpose: The aim of this article is to identify and compare marketing strategies which have been employed by cruise shipping companies before the pandemic, during the crisis and currently, after the revival of the market. Design/methodology/approach: The following methodology has been employed in this article: observation, individual case studies, analysis and critique of sources and statistical methods based on secondary sources of statistics. These methods have been helpful in characterizing the phenomenon of sea-cruises, analysing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the maritime tourism industry market and identifying marketing strategies employed by companies operating cruise ships. The character of this article is theoretical, based on the use of various studies pertaining to the analysed issues. Findings: The article explores the models of marketing strategies used by companies operating cruise ships and compares these strategies in various marketing conditions. Research limitations/implications The primary limitation is the use of analysis and critique methodology and relying on secondary statistical sources. Studies in the future may include observation of individual operating companies and the impact of those enterprises on the tourist markets. Originality/value: The article presents results of research on the phenomenon of maritime tourism which are well-recognized in Poland, although not widely known around the world. The article is addressed to tourism industry entrepreneurs and students.

4

Key challenges and threats for operators of the 112 emergency number during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of the Mazowieckie Voivodeship

Nepelski Mariusz, Gwadera Izabela, Łożyńska Martyna, Stankiewicz Karolina, Fronczak Natalia, Żyszkiewicz Łukasz

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

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2024

|

Nr 90 (tom 2)

57--66

EN

The article attempts to analyze emergency calls to the 112 number and demonstrate the challenges and threats faced by the 112 operators in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship during the COVID-19 pandemic, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The research focuses on changes in the type of calls, an increase in the number of calls and other difficulties that operators have had to face. The analysis is based on data from the period of 2017 to 2022, particularly highlighting the new challenges caused by the pandemic, such as handling requests connected with COVID-19. The authors draw attention to the important role of operators in public health protection and their exposure to stress in difficult working conditions. The study aims to understand the burden on the emergency notification system in the context of the pandemic and to highlight the role of operators in this process.

5

Traffic behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential consequences for passenger rail transport in the example of selected European countries

Barczak Agnieszka, Kauf Sabina

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2024

|

nr 78 (150)

22--34

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused vast changes in the functioning of societies and economies, including restrictions on the use of rail transportation. As a result, the number of passengers has declined, and despite the lifting of restrictions, it is still difficult to estimate when and if passenger rail traffic will return to its pre-pandemic state. Therefore, it seems important to consider the following: how the pandemic has affected the transportation behavior patterns of residents and, above all, what should be done to encourage passengers to use rail transportation more often, which is more environmentally friendly and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, it seems important to consider what the “new normal” in rail transportation should look like. This article analyzes the number of passengers traveling by rail in eight European countries. This work considers quarterly data for 2013‒2019, combined passenger forecasts for 2020‒2021, and annual forecasts of rail passenger traffic until 2025 built using data for 2012‒2021.

6

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the development of selected regions of UE countries

Wójcik Andrzej

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 194

663--676

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the considerations presented in the paper was to examine the changes that occurred in both population and GDP size and in selected economic sectors as a result of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the highlighted EU regions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population of selected EU regions, GDP in those regions, and the impact of the pandemic on the unemployment rate, the number of people at risk of poverty or social exclusion, the number of nights spent in overnight accommodations, the number of passengers traveling by air, the number of people who ordered goods or services online in the past year, and employment in high-tech sectors. The impact was examined by analyzing development trend models for selected variables and verifying the hypothesis of constancy of model parameters with the Chow test. Predictions of selected variables were also counted if there had been no pandemic and compared to actual values from the COVID-19 pandemic period. Findings: Not all regions were equally affected by the effects of the pandemic. This was undoubtedly influenced by the authorities' struggle with the effects of the pandemic, but also by the entrepreneurial spirit of the residents of the regions studied. Also in different spheres of economic life, the effects of the pandemic varied from negative to positive. Research limitations/implications: Further research should also include the other EU regions and more economic sectors, allowing us to group regions according to similarities in coping with the pandemic and calculate spatial correlations. A problem we may encounter is the lack of sufficient data, which may result in the exclusion of some regions and economic sectors from the study. Social implications: Through the research, we can highlight regions that are coping better with the effects of a pandemic, and this can inspire regions that are coping less well. In the future, regions can look up to the actions carried out by authorities in other regions to offset the effects of pandemics (or other disasters with global effects) and transfer them to their own region. Originality/value: The article compares regions within the boundaries of which are national capitals. It was shown which region did best in combating the effects of the pandemic and which did less well. The article also shows what the impact of the pandemic was on the various branches of the economy.

7

The dynamics of participation of experience modules and experiences in the organisation’s narrative with employees

Lipka Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 200

229--238

EN

Purpose: Creating - through an appropriate organisational narrative - positive experiences and experiences for employees is an important instrument for their acquisition and longer retention in the organisation. The aim of the article is, firstly, to verify the degree of uniform presence of the sensory, emotional, intellectual, behavioral and relational module in this narrative, and, secondly, to determine whether the content of these modules changes under the influence of contextual changes. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the research investigation, the content of 520 pieces of information provided on websites by a purposively selected organisation for 2000 and 2023 was analysed and evaluated (using an attendance analysis, as well as a diversity index and an equal distribution deviation index). Conclusions were related to the degree of satisfaction of various needs of employees. Findings: It was confirmed that all modules of experience and encounters were present in the organisation's narrative with employees. It also emerged that the content of these modules is influenced not so much by the changing context of the organization's functioning as by general social trends (performatization, cultural narcissism). Study limitations: The study was limited to one organization. Limitations also relate to the ambiguity that exists in some cases in attributing information to modules of experiences and experiences. Practical implications: The results can be used in programming the content provided to employees and in improving the conduct of analyses of the extent to which their needs are met. Originality/value: the proposed way of investigating the extent to which the diverse needs of employees are met is original. Conclusions about the non-dominant impact of the pandemic and post-pandemic context on the content provided to employees may be surprising.

8

Long-term comparative effects of the covid-19 pandemic on supply chains in Poland, Georgia and Turkey

Sikora Marek, Kikoria Giga, Sanikidze Zezva, Çetingüç Başak, Rybacka Oliwia

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 193

463--487

EN

Purpose: This paper explores the enduring repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on global supply chains by investigating the experiences and adaptations of organizations in Poland, Georgia, and Turkey. It seeks to provide valuable insights into the long-term implications of the pandemic on supply chain management, with a focus on strategies and challenges faced by businesses in different regions. Design/Methodology/Approach: We conducted an extensive study utilizing an online questionnaire to gather primary data from a diverse sample of organizations in Poland, Georgia, and Turkey. This research approach is quantitative and comprehensively assess the pandemic's impact on supply chains. We analysed responses from a range of industries, enabling a holistic understanding of the topic. In addition to descriptive analysis, we conducted a comparative examination of the three countries using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to assess any significant differences among them. Furthermore, we employed Cramér's V, a robust statistical measure, to investigate associations between categorical variables within the dataset Findings: The research reveals that the outcomes in three distinct countries are surprisingly similar, contrary to initial expectations. The majority of the proposed COVID-19 factors exhibit no statistically significant distinctions among Poland, Georgia, and Turkey. Consequently, we can infer that the COVID-19 pandemic exerted a considerable and widespread impact on the entities under consideration. Research Limitations: Despite our efforts to gather a representative sample, the study may not encompass all industries and organizations equally. Additionally, the research is subject to the limitations of self-reported data and potential bias in responses. The focus on specific regions may not capture the entirety of global supply chain dynamics. Practical Implications: This research provides practical insights for organizations navigating supply chain challenges in a post-pandemic world. It offers guidance on building resilient and adaptable supply chains and managing risks effectively. Businesses can use these insights to make informed decisions and enhance their supply chain strategies. Originality/Value: Drawing from our own research conducted in three countries after the official conclusion of the pandemic, this study adds a distinctive contribution to the current body of literature. It takes a long-term perspective on the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on supply chains, specifically emphasizing diverse regions. The employed methodology and regional comparisons offer a nuanced insight into the dynamic evolution of the supply chain landscape, underscoring the importance of adaptability and resilience. In contrast to various studies conducted at the onset and during the pandemic, this paper uniquely seeks to discern the enduring effects.

9

Logistics in the process of enterprise management in conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the example of selected enterprises

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 191

159--177

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the role of logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of selected manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an in-depth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019-2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Findings: The results of the research show that the strategic and operational management of logistics processes within the enterprise and between entities which are the links in the supply chain increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises and the supply chains they created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thanks to adequately applied logistics to the occurred conditions, the best surveyed enterprises responded quickly and appropriately to the effects of the pandemic and created and maintained the competitive advantage. The analyzed enterprises did not use the full potential of logistics processes to reduce the negative influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their results. The research confirmed that logistics played an extremely important role in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations/implications: The article presents only selected aspects of logistics in the process of enterprise management of the surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical implications: The article offers logistics managers practical suggestions on how to use logistics to achieve above-average economic and market results in conditions of a pandemic. Originality/value: The article fills the cognitive and empirical gap regarding logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

10

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the choice of investment strategies and investors' behavior on the Warsaw stock exchange – 2017-2020 research findings

Jabłoński Bartłomiej, Kika Dorota

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 191

217--233

EN

Purpose: This paper attempts to reveal the potential differences between the portfolios of dividend-paying companies with growth or value potential and the same portfolios fortified with the financial instruments replicating precious metals or real estate price behavior in a turbulent global economy. Design/methodology/approach: The research objective of this paper is accomplished by means of a thorough literature analysis. Moreover, the authors employ comparative analysis methods to explore the features of stock portfolios held by dividend-paying companies with value or growth potential and portfolios of the companies that are fortified with financial instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate and uncover the similarities and differences. Research of the characteristics of financial instrument portfolio variants and comparison between them is conducted by means of standard deviation of the rate of return, coefficient of variation, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. It was also assessed whether the estimated correlation coefficients were statistically significant through the use of a non-parametric correlation coefficient significance test. Findings: The results of the empirical analyses conducted here reveal that the average annual return of portfolios held by dividend-paying companies with value and growth potential is lower than ETFs replicating precious metals. Furthermore, during the turbulent economy of 2020, the inclusion of precious metal assets boosted the rates of return of the Polish dividend-paying companies portfolios. Research limitations/implications: The research was carried out on a limited number of the analyzed companies. Therefore, it could be biased, due to the deterministic stock sampling method. Practical implications: Knowledge of the similarities and differences between dividend-paying companies with value or growth potential and the risk diversification of such companies’ stock portfolios by means of instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate is of great importance to both the investors and investment funds' boards. Consequently, one can make better investment decisions. Social implications: Among the paper's social implications, the most important appears to be a possible change in the investors' attitude towards dividend-paying companies with value potential and financial instruments replicating the price behavior of precious metals or real estate. Ultimately, investors’ needs could be better addressed. Originality/value: What is new in the paper is the stock comparison of dividend-paying companies' with value and growth potential with precious metals and real estate-based instruments. The paper also attempts to compare efficiency of investing in the portfolio variants, capturing the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, thereby filling our knowledge gap.

11

Impact of global crisis on REER fluctuations - pre-inflation-pandemic assessment

Mierzejewski Mateusz, Prażmowski Mikołaj

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

|

z. 198

309--326

EN

Purpose: This paper examines the impact of global crises, including the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the COVID-19 pandemic, and the subsequent inflation crisis, on the fluctuations of the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER). The cyclicality of REER has been examined as influenced by economic shocks, highlighting how pandemic-induced economic disruptions have reshaped REER dynamics differently from the more financially triggered fluctuations of the Global Financial Crisis. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology employs a comparative spectral analysis approach, utilizing time-series data to track REER movements across various countries. Findings: The findings indicate that the GFC and the COVID-19 pandemic led to shortening periods of cyclicality. Moreover, there has been a noticeable improvement in the synchronization of REER movements post-GFC, suggesting that economies may converge in their responses to global economic shocks. This convergence implies a potential stabilization of exchange rate movements in the face of future crises, underlining the importance of coordinated monetary policies. Research limitations/implications: To model the REER index, one can use also classical analytical methods such as VAR models, where macroeconomic factors can serve as variables. In spectral analysis itself, other filters like the Hodrick-Prescott filter or applying a spectral window can be used. Practical implications: The conducted study implies an improvement in synchronization among financial systems, with this knowledge, more appropriate and rational monetary decisions can be made, and private entities can better employ hedging strategies against currency exchange rate fluctuations. The study also aids in identifying inflationary pressures and the impact of the global financial system on the inflation index in individual countries. Originality/value: The methods used in the article represent an innovative approach to modeling the REER index, providing new insights into the cyclicality of the index and the shortening periods of its occurrence. The article is addressed both to researchers in this field and to individuals involved with the monetary system and those working in the financial industry.

12

Assessment of the financial situation of selected companies of the Polish sugar industry 2016-2022

Firlej Chrystian, Zuzek Dagmara, Luty Lidia, Firlej Krzysztof Adam

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

|

z. 195

121--140

EN

Purpose: The main objective of the article is to analyze and evaluate the financial situation of selected companies operating in the sugar industry and belonging to the WIG Food index for the years 2016-2022. The secondary objective is to verify the relationship (correlation) between financial liquidity and company profitability and to try to indicate the direction of this relationship if it occurs. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses a literature review, analysis of financial data from the financial reporting of companies using statistical methods. Four models of multidimensional discriminant analysis were applied (model D. Hadasik, model J. Gajdka and D. Stos, D. Wierzba and the 'Poznań' model). The analysis was extended to the calculation of three financial liquidity ratios and three profitability ratios of the company. Data from 2016-2022 were analysed in order to illustrate how the situation of the selected companies developed in the period before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: All the analysed companies were in a good financial position during the analysed period. The most rigorous multivariate discriminant analysis models were those of J. Gajdka and D. Stos and D. Wierzba, which indicated deteriorating financial performance in selected years. Moreover, the analysed companies were characterised by high liquidity and profitability in 2016-2022. Only ZPC Otmuchów SA achieved negative values of profitability indicators in the analysed period, which was a result of negative net profit. Practical implications: A practical application of the presented research could be to draw the attention of companies operating in the food industry to methods of assessing their financial health using appropriate tools and to verify the relationship between liquidity and profitability in these companies. Originality/value: The article presents an analysis and evaluation of the financial condition of selected companies from the WIG Food index. Correlation analysis was used, and the reasons for the financial performance are indicated.

13

Repository of data on epidemic situations on sea vessels

Bodus‐Olkowska I., Garczyńska I., Lisaj A., Mąka M., Dramski M., Chronopoulos A., Gregoric T., Koivisto H., de Melo Rodriguez G., Ziarati R., Filipiak K.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2024

|

Vol. 18 No. 1

133--137

EN

This article is an introduction to the DESSEV (DEcision Support System regarding the risk of Epidemic threats on a sea-going Vessel) project implemented as part of the Erasmus+ partnership under the leadership of the Maritime University of Szczecin. This project consists of three elements: a data repository, a rule base and a decision support system. Due to the schedule of works in the project, only the first of them was presented. The next ones will be described in subsequent publications at various international conferences. The idea of the project naturally resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic, but other infectious outbreaks may also occur on sea vessels, posing a threat to the ship's crew and passengers (passenger transport). The existing legal regulations, available knowledge or training do not sufficiently address the problem of the epidemic on the state. Therefore, it was decided to introduce a novelty - a decision support system, which is designed to facilitate taking the right steps in the event of an infectious disease on a seagoing vessel.

14

Transport in the tourist services sector in Poland during the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic

Sobczuk Sebastian

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Transport

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2024

|

z. 138

5--18

EN

Transport plays an essential role in the country's socio-economic development, as it enables efficient functioning of individual sectors of the economy. It is a factor enhancing the development of many areas of life, including tourist travel. A characteristic feature of tourism is the movement of people to places of attractive value. Therefore, transport is necessary for its existence. The tourist industry has been severely affected by the spread of COVID-19. The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has weakened the condition of the tourist services sector and affected transport. The article aims to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the transport sector concerning changes in tourist transport passengers. Data on tourist traffic in Poland was used in this publication. It has been shown that the weakening of tourism significantly translated into changes in the number of passengers traveling. The decrease in the number of people transported mainly affected air and road transport; however, more minor differences were observed in transport based on rail, sea, and inland waterways. The decrease in the number of recorded tourist trips was reflected in the shares of individual transport modes in passenger transport. In response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, travelers' preferences changed regarding their means of transport. Since mid-2021, tourism has been returning to the path of positive development, noticeable in domestic and foreign travel.

15

Dezinformacja na temat COVID-19 w mediach społecznościowych a kryzys epistemiczny. Przegląd problemów

Barański Jarosław, Smereka Jacek

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2024

|

T. 69, nr 2

9--32

EN

The text considers several critical issues related to the role of false information in the COVID-19 pandemic. It mainly focuses on social media, which often resemble echo chambers responsible for disseminating disinformation. In these echo chambers, users close themselves off from arguments and justifications different from their own, often with a strong tendency towards polarization of views and attitudes. A particular case of echo chambers is the conspiracy mentality propagated in social media, promoting conspirational beliefs about COVID-19, which, besides offering an alternative understanding of reality, deepens distrust towards epistemic authorities and methods of producing scientific knowledge. This indicates an epistemic crisis as a consequence of the pandemic, which must be addressed in order to rebuild and protect epistemic trust. The authors conclude that the consequence of this crisis is a regression of cognitive abilities, which may, in a feedback loop, exacerbate the epistemic crisis.

16

The perception of urban green space during the COVID-19 pandemic : the case of Wrocław

Jakóbiak Agnieszka, Patrzałek Wanda, Aslanoğlu Rengin

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

|

no. 62

128--138

EN

Green spaces are integral to urban landscape, serving ecological, health, and recreational functions. During the pandemic, urban green spaces were crucial for enabling safe social distancing and enhancing well-being. This study delves into the perception, accessibilities, and qualities of urban green spaces in Wrocław during and after the pandemic. A survey was conducted to understand causes and effects of diverse usage of the urban green space, assessing changes in usage frequency before, during, and after lockdown, as well as public awareness of benefits associated with green spaces. Proximity to green spaces emerges as a key factor as people prefer easily and quick access to these areas. The study also noted a partial modification of social behaviour and increased social and ecological awareness. The results reveal evident development of new daily habits. Although the beginning of the pandemic led to discomfort, adaptive behaviours soon followed, changing daily routines and previous leisure activities. Given the findings on availability and adequacy of green spaces, it is advisable to rearrange these areas to meet the diverse needs of inhabitants.

17

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. II

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2024

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nr 2

12--23

PL

Artykuł stanowi drugą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Dokonano w nim pogłębionej analizy wyników własnych badań empirycznych. Prezentowane w opracowaniu wyniki są efektem bardziej obszernych badań, dotyczących zarządzania procesami logistycznymi w polskich przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych w latach 2019–2021 w kontekście kształtowania wyników przedsiębiorstwa. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłóceń, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the second part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. It includes an in-depth analysis of the results of the author's own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an indepth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019–2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

18

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. I

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2024

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nr 1

2--14

PL

Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Artykuł powstał na podstawie studiów literatury oraz własnych badań empirycznych. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłócenia, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the first part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

19

Estimation of social costs resulting from mobility changes caused by COVID-19 pandemic

Brzeziński Andrzej, Dybicz Tomasz, Jesionkiewicz-Niedzińska Karolina, Olszewski Piotr, Osińska Beata, Szagała Piotr, Szymański Łukasz

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 70, nr 3

257--274

EN

The COVD-19 pandemic has changed the mobility patterns of city dwellers worldwide. These changes apply to the number of trips made, their durations and directions as well as transport modes chosen for travelling purposes. In general, although the number of trips decreased, the use of cars increased and that of public transport declined. These mobility changes were induced by the fear of travelling in crowded vehicles and the extent of restrictions introduced by the governments. The effects of such changes are hard to assess and their evaluation is a complex issue. Based on data available about the transportation system in Warsaw and analysis of Big Data (comprising SIM card movements, acquired from mobile phone network operators), a research project has been carried out under the “IDUB against COVID-19” programme. Transportation models had been built which enabled estimation of the number of trips made at each stage of the pandemic in the spring 2020 and identification of differences through comparison with the models developed for the pre-pandemic conditions (year 2019). The calculations enabled assessment of the social costs of the pandemic associated with the urban transportation system, brought about mostly by changes in using private and public transport modes. The cost efficiency of public transport decreased as a result of limits on the number of passengers per vehicle introduced by transport authorities.

PL

Pandemia Covid-19 wywołała wiele zmian w funkcjonowaniu gospodarki oraz życia społecznego. Dotyczyło to w dużej mierze transportu, zarówno indywidualnego, jak i zbiorowego. Zmieniły się wzorce mobilności mieszkańców miast na całym świecie. Zmiany te dotyczyły liczby odbytych przejazdów, czasu ich trwania i kierunków, a także wybieranych środków transportu. Zmiany mobilności były powodowane strachem przed podróżowaniem w zatłoczonych pojazdach i zakresem ograniczeń wprowadzonych przez rządy. Skutki takich zmian są trudne do oszacowania, a ich ocena jest zagadnieniem złożonym. W ramach pracy badawczej „Method of assessing the social impact of changes in personal mobility in an epidemic state together with tools to support transport management” będącej częścią programu „IDUB against COVID” realizowanego w Politechnice Warszawskiej podjęto próbę zbudowania modeli obliczeniowych odwzorowujących zachowania transportowe sprzed i w czasie pandemii. To z kolei umożliwiło oszacowanie wielkości zmian kosztów społecznych pandemii, przy zastosowaniu standardowej metodyki wykorzystywanej w analizach kosztów i korzyści społecznych (AKK), z dostosowaniem jej do charakteru i zakresu danych, którymi dysponowano. Porównano dwa okresy funkcjonowania systemu transportowego: rok 2019, traktując go jako okres odniesienia przed pandemią, z okresem pandemii, wiosną 2020 (sytuacja po wprowadzeniu obostrzeń). Ze względu na konieczność badania porównywalnych sytuacji, w analizach obu okresów opracowano multimodalne (ruch samochodowy i transport zbiorowy) modele podróży dla Warszawy dla godziny szczytu porannego. Tworząc modele posługiwano się dostępnymi danymi o sieci transportowej oraz pomiarami ruchu, uzupełnianymi danymi o przemieszczeniach kart SIM, pozyskanymi od operatora telefonii komórkowej. Obliczenia pozwoliły ocenić koszty społeczne pandemii związane z systemem transportu miejskiego, spowodowane głównie zmianami w korzystaniu z transportu prywatnego i publicznego. Przeprowadzone analizy potwierdziły, że w efekcie wprowadzonych obostrzeń w mobilności oraz zmian zachowań komunikacyjnych nastąpiło ogólne zmniejszenie liczby podróży, co w konsekwencji doprowadziło do zmniejszenia prac przewozowych mierzonych w pojazdo-km i pojazdo-godz. Zmiany te obliczano jako różnice pomiędzy fazą pandemii a okresem odniesienia (ten sam okres rok wcześniej). Umożliwiło to wyznaczenie korzyści użytkowników stanowiących redukcję kosztów: czasu pasażerów, eksploatacji pojazdów, wypadków, zanieczyszczenia powietrza, zmian klimatycznych i oddziaływania hałasu.

20

Therapeutic gardens for oncology hospital. Architectural students proposals to alleviate stress in healthcare environment created during the Covid-19 pandemic

Trojanowska Monika

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2024

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Vol. 17, no. 2

47--67

EN

The stress in the healthcare environment is a heavy burden on the hospital staff, the caregivers, and the patients. One of the methods to alleviate stress in the hospital environment is a therapeutic garden. This paper presents the proposals for therapeutic gardens for an oncology hospital in Bydgoszcz prepared by the students of Architecture at the University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz in the spring of 2020 and 2021. The Design Studio was organized remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic (Emergency Remote Teaching), which might have influenced the design proposals. Each of the students worked individually from home. The final projects were presented online, and the internauts (students, staff, patients, inhabitants, whoever was concerned) voted for the best solutions. The results of the architectural competition may serve as a ground for discussion about Emergency Remote Teaching and the possible evolution of therapeutic gardens after COVID-19.