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Robotic process automation technology acceptance model

Pypłacz Paula

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2025

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Vol. 32, No. 2

202--218

EN

The primary objective of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is to relieve employees from repetitive and routine tasks. However, the success of RPA implementation largely depends on the degree of end-user acceptance, which has not yet been systematically or comprehensively examined. The purpose of this article is to develop and empirically validate a model for assessing RPA acceptance (TARPA), identifying the key determinants of this process. The model is based on established technology acceptance frameworks, extended with variables specific to the RPA context, as well as Leavitt’s model. The survey among employees of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland was conducted using the CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview) technique, using a questionnaire-based online interview conducted between October and December 2022. The research analyses were conducted using a correlation-regression model, which allows for the verification of relationships between variables. Regression models were developed using the linear regression method with backward elimination. The results of the study indicate that perceived usefulness and ease of use are significantly influenced by factors related to tasks, people, and organizational structure. These findings make it possible to formulate practical recommendations for designing and implementing RPA solutions in ways that enhance their acceptance among employees.

PL

Podstawowym celem Robotycznej Automatyzacji Procesów (RPA) jest odciążenie pracowników od powtarzalnych i rutynowych zadań. Sukces wdrożeń RPA uzależniony jest jednak w znacznym stopniu od poziomu akceptacji użytkowników końcowych, który dotychczas nie został w sposób systematyczny i pogłębiony zbadany. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest opracowanie oraz empiryczna weryfikacja modelu oceny akceptacji RPA, identyfikującego kluczowe determinanty tego procesu. Model został zbudowany w oparciu o modele akceptacji technologii, rozszerzone o zmienne specyficzne dla kontekstu RPA oraz o model Leavitta. Badanie wśród pracowników małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce przeprowadzono techniką CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview), za pomocą wywiadu kwestionariuszowego realizowanego przez Internet w okresie od października do grudnia 2022 r. Przeprowadzone analizy badań wykonano według modelu korelacyjno-regresyjnego, co pozwala na weryfikację związków między zmiennymi. Modele regresji zostały natomiast opracowane metodą doboru zmiennych regresją liniową ze wsteczną eliminacją. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że na postrzeganą użyteczność oraz łatwość użytkowania istotny wpływ mają czynniki związane z obszarem zadań, ludzi i struktury. Otrzymane rezultaty umożliwiają sformułowanie praktycznych rekomendacji dla projektowania i wdrażania rozwiązań RPA w sposób zwiększający ich akceptację wśród pracowników.

2

Adoption of digital wallets and their impact on the sales of peruvian micro-entrepreneurs

Juarez-Alvarez Camila Rosario, Merino-Lazo-De-La-Vega Valeria Patricia, Villanueva-Paredes Grace Ximena, Esquicha-Tejada Jose David

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2025

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Vol. 31, No. 1

158--177

EN

This research aims to determine the level of acceptance of digital wallets and their impact on the sales of micro-entrepreneurs in a shopping center in Arequipa, Peru. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to evaluate perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards use, intention to use and external factors. The study was conducted through an 18-question survey targeting 120 micro-entrepreneurs in the commerce sector. The results revealed a positive acceptance of digital wallets. 88% of respondents stated that digital wallets are easy to use, while 81% have a positive attitude towards their use. In terms of impact, 80% of micro-enterprises experienced increased customer reach and sales thanks to these tools. It is concluded that micro-entrepreneurs perceive high value in digital wallets, emphasizing their ease of use and low cost. However, despite its benefits, research reveals that microentrepreneurs still have a preference for cash due to the visibility of the money and feeling more secure in their transactions.

PL

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu określenie poziomu akceptacji portfeli cyfrowych oraz ich wpływu na sprzedaż mikroprzedsiębiorców w centrum handlowym w Arequipa w Peru. Do oceny postrzeganej użyteczności, postrzeganej łatwości użytkowania, stosunku do użytkowania, zamiaru użytkowania oraz czynników zewnętrznych wykorzystano model akceptacji technologii (TAM). Badanie przeprowadzono za pomocą ankiety zawierającej 18 pytań, skierowanej do 120 mikroprzedsiębiorców z sektora handlu. Wyniki wykazały pozytywną akceptację portfeli cyfrowych. 88% respondentów stwierdziło, że portfele cyfrowe są łatwe w użyciu, a 81% ma pozytywny stosunek do ich użytkowania. Jeśli chodzi o wpływ, 80% mikroprzedsiębiorstw odnotowało wzrost zasięgu klientów i sprzedaży dzięki tym narzędziom. Stwierdzono, że mikroprzedsiębiorcy dostrzegają wysoką wartość portfeli cyfrowych, podkreślając ich łatwość użytkowania i niski koszt. Jednak pomimo korzyści, badania pokazują, że mikroprzedsiębiorcy nadal preferują gotówkę ze względu na widoczność pieniędzy i poczucie większego bezpieczeństwa podczas transakcji.

3

IoB-TMAF: Internet of Body-based Telemedicine Adoption Framework

Ghiwaa Taif, Khan Imran, White Martin, Beloff Natalia

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2024

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Vol. 39

343-–353

EN

Saudi healthcare organizations are increasingly using Telemedicine (TM) services to reduce expenses and improve the effectiveness of healthcare delivered. Population aging and the growth of the costs of chronic diseases management has an urgent problem that requires the use of technical solutions that contribute to expanding and improving healthcare services and addressing these issues. Consequently, the growing investments in developing TM products and services have made user acceptance of technology crucial in ensuring effective use. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing Saudi patients and healthcare providers to adopt Internet of Body (IoB) technologies to support diagnosis in TM settings. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is employed in this study as the foundational theoretical framework, extending it with additional constructs to fit the context. The IoB-TMAF model identifies factors influencing the adoption intentions of patients and providers for IoB-based TM system. The influencing factors stem from users' individual contexts (social influence, self-efficacy, attitude, and perceived trust), technological contexts (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, task fit, reliability, perceived cost, and perceived privacy control), organizational contexts (facilitating conditions), and health contexts (perceived health risk). This study adds to the existing literature by introducing a comprehensive model to explore the motivational factors driving the effective adoption of IoB-based TM in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Thus, formulating a strategy for the proper execution aligned with the viewpoints of its users.

4

Innovative technology for sustainable behavior – investigating predictors of consumer intention to use smart water meters

Madias Konstantinos, Borusiak Barbara, Szymkowiak Andrzej

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 173

469--484

EN

Purpose: Smart water meters (Internet of Things based) are technologically advanced tools delivering precise data on water consumption in a household. However, it has not been examined yet what influences consumer intention to adopt smart water meters. The study objective is to investigate predictors of consumer intention to install smart water meters. The Technology Acceptance Model was applied as the main theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 366 respondents through an online survey conducted in 2021. Structural equation modeling was used for hypotheses verification. Findings: The intention to adopt smart water meters was mainly predicted by attitude towards the use of smart water meters. which, in turn, was predicted both by perceived ease of use and by perceived usefulness of these devices. The direct positive impact of perceived ease of use on the intention to adopt smart water meters was also found, whereas the direct relation between perceived usefulness of smart water meters and the intention for the adoption turned out to be statistically insignificant. Research limitations/implications: One research limitation is the probable lack of smart water meter usage among the responders, which may have affected their perception on how these devices are useful and easy to use. Additionally, only the main variables of TAM were applied, thus, other variables were not considered that may have had impact on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use or usage behavior. Social implications: Considering practical implications, by analyzing what may influence consumers to adopt smart water meters, we are able to apply this knowledge in real life and increase the amount of smart water meters in households, which may lead to household water reduction. Originality/value: In previous research. what influences consumers to apply smart water meters has not been examined. This research indicates variables (adopted by TAM) influencing consumers to apply smart water meters, potentially leading to reduction in household water consumption.

5

Changes in the perception of telematics technology by road transport companies: an empirical analysis in 2020-21

Zalewski Wojciech, Osińska Magdalena, Żurek Mirosława

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 1

5--17

EN

We present a novel study concerning the attitudes of road transport enterprises towards a broad application of telematics in operational management in road transportation. The study aims to assess telematics application in road transport and its changes over time while showing the factors most likely to determine the systems’ use. Unobserved categories defined in the technology acceptance model (TAM) are adjusted to measure perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitudes toward using telematics systems by road transport managers. The study is based on 323 transport enterprises analyzed in two waves in 2020 and 2021. The use of two different time points is motivated by an observed increase in the digitalization of transport documents caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical findings support the TAM’s usefulness in evaluating IT in transport business management. The findings also reveal that the significantly increased telematics use in 2020 was observed while it was endured. The results are checked for robustness and used for simulations. The study compares managers’ behaviors over time and simulates the effect of individual (observed) variables on unobserved TAM categories.

6

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Saudi Patients' Perspective on the Adopting IoT-Enabled CGM: Validation of Critical Factors in the IAI-CGM A Framework

Almansour Hamad, Beloff Natalia, White Martin

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2023

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Vol. 35

73--81

EN

The increasing prevalence of diabetes, particularly in Saudi Arabia, calls for effective self-management tools to monitor blood sugar levels, such as Continuous Glucose Monitors. These are medical devices that can be used to track the glucose levels of people without a fingerstick blood sample. However, the adoption of IoT-enabled Continuous Glucose Monitors (IoT-CGM) can be challenging due to the use of new technology. This study proposes the Intention to Adopt IoT-enabled Continuous Glucose Monitors (IAI-CGM) a framework, which incorporates practical, technological, and user behaviour considerations based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study defines 8 hypotheses that are analysed using structural equation modelling. Data was collected; from 873 type 1 diabetes patients (T1DM) from Saudi Arabia. The model predicts the significant impact of all factors on adoption intent except technology -related self-efficacy (TRSE), enabling the assessment of Saudi T1DM patients for IoT-CGM readiness. Furthermore, the framework's novelty may serve as inspiration for developing comparable frameworks for wearable or attached health monitoring devices in patients with other illnesses and in other geographical locations.

7

Do telematics technologies help to manage road transport enterprises? Evidence from SME in Poland

Zalewski Wojciech, Osińska Magdalena, Żurek Mirosława

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 157

723--740

EN

Purpose: This study evaluates the acceptance of GPS/GPRS-based telematics technology in freight road transport companies registered in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The evaluation is based on a survey of 500 representative road transport companies carried out in 2020. The Technology Acceptance Model was estimated, and its results were checked for robustness. The scope of the information collected in telematics systems is defined in terms of its perceived utility and perceived ease of use at the operational management level. The latent factors affecting technology use are defined and implemented. Findings: Most respondents (80%) claimed that telematics systems had a considerable influence on the effectiveness and efficiency of the whole company's operation. It contributed to a higher number of orders executed per time unit, more effective use of the driver's working time, and increased the entrepreneurs' trust in the company. The companies employing more workers recognize the higher usefulness of telematics systems and are motivated to use the technology more widely than smaller enterprises. TAMs estimated separately for small and medium-sized enterprises did not significantly differ among the parameter estimates. Research limitations/implications: The Technology Acceptance Model is a useful analytical tool for evaluating telematics technology acceptance by the road transport sector. The study is based on a random sample of enterprises observed once in 2020. It is recommended to monitor them in two or three waves to compare the dynamics of the telematics usage process. It is planned to continue the study in that direction. Practical implications: The outcomes are valuable in practice twofold. Firstly, the extension of telematics systems use is interesting for final users, i.e., road transport companies that will find scope for their application. Secondly, the results are helpful for system providers who get knowledge on telematics perception from enterprise management. Originality/value: Although widely applied to other IT systems, the TAM model has not been used to evaluate the use of telematics in road transport companies. The paper justifies TAM's categories at the operational management level in road transport enterprises, contributing to understanding managers' behavioral aspects of decision-making.

8

Understanding the adoption of autonomous vehicles in Thailand: an extended TAM approach

Ramjan Sarawut, Sangkaew Purimprach

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2022

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Vol. 14, no. 1

49--62

EN

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are receiving attention in many countries, including Thailand. However, implementing an intelligent transport system has many challenges, such as safety and reliability and the lack of policy supporting such technology use, leading to hazards for passengers and pedestrians. Hence, factors affecting the adoption of autonomous vehicles require better understanding. This research proposes and employs an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by integrating ethical standards, legal concerns, and trust to predict the intended use of autonomous vehicles by Thai citizens. A total of 318 questionnaires were collected from online panel respondents. Research hypotheses were tested using a structural equation modelling approach. The study results suggest that ethical standards have a significant positive effect on the intention to use the technology. Meanwhile, the intention was negatively affected by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and legal concerns. On the other hand, the results indicate that perceived ease of use directly affected trust, leading to AV adoption. However, other factors influenced trust insignificantly. This study demonstrates the vital role of trust in AV adoption. The study also suggests ideas for further study and discusses the implications for the government and autonomous vehicle companies. The article aims to forecast a success factor that the Thai government should use to consider the policy for autonomous vehicle adoption in Thailand. This paper relies on the technology acceptance model to assess and forecast autonomous vehicle adoption. The theoretical model also includes ethical issues, legal concerns and trust in technology. The model was analysed using the structure equation modelling technique to confirm the factor affecting Thailand’s successful autonomous vehicle adoption. This research confirmed that ethical standards, legal concerns, and trust in technology are the factors significantly affecting the intention to use an autonomous vehicle in Thailand. On the other hand, the perceived ease of use significantly affects the trust in autonomous vehicle technology. This research found that such social factors as ethical standards, legal concerns, and trust in technology affect technology adoption significantly, especially technology related to AI operation. Therefore, the technology acceptance model could be modified to confirm technology adoption in terms of social factors. The government could use the research results to develop a public policy for the regulation and standard supporting autonomous vehicle adoption in Thailand.

9

Intention of Vietnamese Enterprises's digital transformation

Hong Nga Nguyen Thi, Dinh Khoa Vu, Dac Thanh Nguyen

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2021

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Vol. 28

169--174

EN

There have been many studies on digital transformation in recent times, but these studies focused on clarifying the concept, content, and implementation of digital transformation. There have not been many studies on the attitudes and intentions of enterprises to digital transformation (DT). This paper proposes factors affecting DT intention including perceived usefulness, trust, innovation, perceived risk to investigate attitudes about DT and examines the impaction of attitude and subject norms factors on the digital transformation intention of enterprises. A questionnaire designed and sent to 337 Vietnamese enterprises in different fields of activity. This study uses Structural Equation Model (SEM). The perceived usefulness, Innovation factors effect to the attitude possitively leading to the Intention of DT of enterprises, whereas the perception of pisk has a negative impact. Attitudes towards digital transformation and Subjective Norms have a positive impact on digital transformation intention. This paper helps Vietnamese government authorities to have a basis to promote and support Vietnamese enterprises in digital transformation.

10

AutoCAD: examination of factors influencing user adoption

Baj-Rogowska Anna

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2020

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Vol. 12, no. 1

45--56

EN

The primary purpose of the research is to examine and validate determinants of user intention to use AutoCAD software, utilising the constructs from prior studies in a more integrated model. The paper proposes a revised Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for measuring the adoption of AutoCAD. In the study, a latent construct PPA (perceived physical accessibility) was added to the proposed research model as a new determinant of AutoCAD adoption. An online survey of AutoCAD users was conducted to collect data. This data was empirically used to test the proposed research model. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was used to evaluate the causal model, and the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement model. The study results show that user behavioural intention to use AutoCAD is significantly affected by three determinants: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived physical accessibility of the software. This finding contributes to an expanded understanding of the factors that promote acceptance of AutoCAD software. Moreover, the main contribution of this study is to verify the impact of the added PPA variable on the behavioural intention to use and the actual use of AutoCAD, and also to create measurement scales for this new latent variable in TAM.

11

The enterprise management system : evaluating the use of information technology and information systems

Borisova Viktoria V., Demkina Olga V., Mikhailova Anna V., Zieliński Remigiusz

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2019

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Vol. 20, No. 1

103--118

EN

The purpose of this study is to complement the existing approaches towards the evaluation of the quality of ITS use in enterprise management. This article explores the point of using information technologies and systems in enterprise management and articulates an evaluation approach that can be applied to it. In this article, a Technology Acceptance Model is used to evaluate the use of information systems and technologies. According to this model, the use of any technology will be effective only if the Perceived Usefulness and the Perceived Ease of Use are high. The study surveys 120 industry experts. The survey sample is composed in accordance with the compatible criteria (competence, area of engagement, and experience of work in the leading companies). The Enterprise-Resource Planning, Customer Relationships Management, and Supplier Relationships Management systems have the highest scores, with the reliability coefficient of 0.89. A comparative assessment has been conducted on information technologies, which are used in operations management. The proposed approach can be used in any enterprise.

PL

Celem tego badania jest uzupełnienie istniejących podejść do oceny jakości wykorzystania ITS w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwem. W tym artykule bada się zastosowanie technologii i systemów informatycznych w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwem oraz przedstawia podejście ewaluacyjne, które można do niego zastosować. W tym artykule zastosowano model akceptacji technologii do oceny wykorzystania systemów i technologii informatycznych. Zgodnie z tym modelem korzystanie z dowolnej technologii będzie skuteczne tylko wtedy, gdy postrzegana użyteczność i odczuwalna łatwość użytkowania będą wysokie. W badaniu wzięło udział 120 ekspertów branżowych. Próbka ankiety składa się zgodnie z kompatybilnymi kryteriami (kompetencje, obszar zaangażowania i doświadczenie w pracy w wiodących firmach). Systemy planowania przedsiębiorstwa i zarządzania relacjami z klientami oraz zarządzania relacjami z dostawcami mają najwyższe wyniki, a współczynnik niezawodności wynosi 0,89. Przeprowadzono ocenę porównawczą technologii informatycznych wykorzystywanych w zarządzaniu operacjami. Proponowane podejście można zastosować w dowolnym przedsiębiorstwie.

12

Examining the success factors of smart watch : a behavioral perspective on consumers

Lin Chih Wei, Yang Chin-Cheng, Sia Wei Yeng, Tang Kai-Yu

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2019

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Vol. 20, No. 2

368--378

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing consumers’ intention to use Apple Watch by applying Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB). The subject of the study was the Apple Watch users in Taiwan. The researcher used purposive and snowball sampling as the sampling method, a total of 350 surveys were issued, 327 valid surveys were collected and the effective response rate was 93.43%. The collected data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results are illustrated as follow. First, the overall behavior model of Apple Watch users constructed by Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior in this study fitted well. Second, the research model has well explanatory power to wearable device users, which is R² of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on behavior intentions have reached 63%. Third, perceived usefulness and perceived playfulness are the most two important influencing factors on attitudes. Interpersonal influence is the most important influencing factor to subjective norm. The most influencing factor of perceived behavioral control is facilitating condition.

PL

Celem tego badania było zbadanie czynników wpływających na zamiar korzystania przez Apple z zegarka przez zastosowanie dekompozycji teorii planowanego zachowania (DTPB). Przedmiotem badania byli użytkownicy Apple Watch na Tajwanie. Badacz zastosował celowe i śnieżkowe pobieranie próbek jako metodę pobierania próbek, wykonano w sumie 350 badań, zebrano 327 ważnych badań, a efektywny odsetek odpowiedzi wyniósł 93,43%. Zebrane dane przeanalizowano za pomocą potwierdzającej analizy czynnikowej i modelu równań strukturalnych. Wyniki zostały zilustrowane w następujący sposób. Po pierwsze, ogólny model zachowania użytkowników Apple Watch skonstruowany przez Dekomponowaną Teorię Planowanego Zachowania (DTPB) w tym badaniu dobrze skonstruowany. Po drugie, model badawczy wyjaśnia użytkownikom tych urządzeń, subiektywnych norm i postrzeganej kontroli behawioralnej nad zamiarami zachowań osiągnął 63%. Po trzecie, postrzegana użyteczność i postrzegana zabawa to dwa najważniejsze czynniki wpływające na postawy użytkowników.