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EN
The main aim of the paper is improved dynamic vibration absorbers (DVA) design, taking into account the complex rotating machines dynamics. It is often impossible to balance the rotating elements so as to reduce the vibration to an acceptable level. The paper considers the provision of DVA or number of such DVA. Such originally designed DVA reduces vibration selectively in the maximum mode of vibration without introducing vibration in other modes. The result is achieved at a far lower expense than would be required to replace the concrete and steel foundation with a more massive one. By installing DVA, one can minimize excitation virtually at the source. In order to be more effective, a vibration absorption system should react in all the frequency domains. The present absorber also has as an advantage that it can be constructed so that it has a wide-range vibration absorption property. This construction allows for an easy connection of the above rotor equipment. In order to determine the optimal parameters of DVA, the complete modeling of the rotating machine dynamics is obvious. The two degrees of freedom model are totally inadequate to accurately calculate the vibration frequencies of the construction and therefore, for a sufficiently accurate determination of its dimensional characteristics so as to determine such frequencies. It is therefore necessary in practice to dimension the construction through more complex modeling. In particular, concentrated mass and rigidity calculation methods may be adopted based on an even more accurate theoretical determination. The numerical schemes (NS) row is considered for the complex vibration-excited constructions. Methods of decomposition and the NS synthesis are considered on the basis of new methods of modal synthesis. Complex NS are obtained of discretely-continua type, which enables in the adaptive mode to calculate tension not only in the continuum elements, but in the places of the most tension concentration in joints. Traditional design methodology, based on discontinuous models of structures and machines is not effective for high frequency vibration. The present research develops a modern prediction and control methodology, based on complex continuum theory and application of special frequency characteristics of structures. Complex continuum theory allows to take into consideration system anisotropy, supporting structure strain effect on equipment motions and to determine some new effects that are not described by ordinary mechanics of the continuum theory. The absorbers in accordance with this paper may be applied not only to electric machines ore aeronautic structures, but also to any other type of vibration-excited structure, such as cars, chisel installation, optical, magneto-optical disks, washing machines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, etc.
PL
Sprzęt gospodarstwa domowego (AGD) jest istotnym segmentem rynku napędów elektrycznych. W chwili obecnej jest on zdominowany przez napędy elektryczne z silnikami komutatorowymi prądu przemiennego. Zaletą silników komutatorowych jest łatwość sterowania, wadą – relatywnie niska trwałość z uwagi na istnienie zestyku komutator – szczotka. Jeżeli jednym z wymogów stosowanego napędu jest podwyższona trwałość, to należy stosować napędy elektryczne z komutacją elektroniczną. Jedną z odmian takich napędów są maszyny reluktancyjne przełączalne [1]. Są to bardzo niezawodne maszyny o znacznej trwałości limitowanej żywotnością zastosowanych łożysk. Sprawność przetwarzania energii jest wyższa niż w tradycyjnych silnikach komutatorowych, chociaż niższa niż w napędach bezszczotkowych z magnesami trwałymi. Brak magnesów w konstrukcji silnika jest wadą ze względu na niższą sprawność, ale też zaletą – ze względu na niższe koszty produkcji.
EN
The article discusses the use of switched reluctance motors (SRM) for high speed drives home appliances. A comparison of two-phase 4/2 and three-phase 6/2 design motors, based on field calculations. Three machines was taken into conside­ration with: symmetric rotor, symmetric rotor with discrete air gap and asymmetric rotor with discrete air gap. For the two analyzed cases, the structure 4/2 and 6/2 static characteristics was calculated. Mechanical characteristics and efficiency of solution were determined and analyzed.
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