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1

The use of thermography in assessing the viability of pedicled and free flaps used in head and neck reconstructive surgery – preliminary study

Trepka-Sirek Barbara, Cholewka Armand, Bałamut Karolina, Niedzielska Iwona

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 31, Iss. 1

73--80

EN

Introduction: The primary goal of head and neck cancer surgery is the restoration of vital functions. To achieve this, after tumor ablation, lost tissues are reconstructed using free flaps (FF) or pedicled flaps simultaneously. Many objective monitoring techniques of flap perfusion have been explored, but none of them has been recognized as the gold standard. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using infrared thermography (IRT) to assess the viability of FF and pedicled flaps in head and neck reconstructive surgery. Material and Methods: 14 flap reconstructions in patients diagnosed with oral cancer were investigated. One flap from the entire study group developed signs of necrosis. The temperature parameters taken from static IRT were average temperature derived every day from the day before surgery till the sixth day after and were described as Tavei, where i is the day after surgery. Moreover, the difference in average temperature changes between the target (TTave) and surrounding (TSave) ΔT = TTave – TSave was taken into consideration. Results: A larger decrease in the average temperature between day 5 and day 6 is observed for the surrounding. The average temperature of the flap changes till the 6th day after surgery, and the lowest temperature of the flap is described on the last day of study. Despite a wide range of the standard deviation results for the study group each day after reconstruction, the temperature values obtained for the patient with necrosis were always beyond it. The differences between ΔT parameter obtained for the whole studied group and the patient with necrotic flap are significant every day after surgery. Conclusions: Temperature difference (ΔT) between the target and its surrounding seems to be the proper parameter for the prediction of surgery results. However, due to the small study group, it should be taken only as a preliminary result, which should be confirmed in further studies on the bigger study group of patients.

2

Review on infrared single-pixel imaging

Szajewski Krzysztof, Szajewska Anna, Urbaś Sebastian, Więcek Bogusław

Opto-Electronics Review

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2025

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Vol. 33, No. 2

art. no. e154306

EN

The article discusses modern single-pixel imaging techniques. Different solutions of spatial light modulators (SLMs) used in infrared imaging are presented. The focus is on image reconstruction methods, in particular on the use of a modulator based on orthogonal codes, cyclic matrices, and neural networks for image reconstruction. The potential possibilities and limitations of these new imaging methods are described, emphasizing their usefulness in different ranges of the infrared spectrum. Moreover, the experimental implementation of a single-pixel infrared camera is presented. Possible applications and future development perspectives of this technology are indicated.

3

Improving the quality of respiratory signals extracted from the segmented mask area

Kowalczyk Natalia, Rumiński Jacek, Mazur-Milecka Magdalena

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 45, iss. 3

457--468

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of wearing facial masks and monitoring respiratory health to prevent the spread of the virus. In this study, we developed a model for segmenting facial masks in thermal images. We applied the model to segment face masks in different conditions, including a person walking toward the observing camera. The segmented regions were further processed using different erosion masks to analyze the influence of the selected sources on the quality of the estimated respiratory signals. The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) was used as a quality measure. Additionally, the extracted respiratory signals were compared with two reference signals: binary signals generated by participants who signaled the inhalation phase and pressure signals measured with a respiratory belt. Our findings show a high level of concordance between the respiratory signals derived from the segmented mask region and those from the respiratory belt, validating the effectiveness of thermal imaging for capturing respiratory patterns. Notably, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was higher for the segmented mask than the detection methods used in previous works. Specifically, for the mask segmentation task, the mean SNR improved by 4.3 compared to facial mask detection. The segmentation model achieved a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 0.992 for segmentation tasks and 0.857 mAP at the 50-95 % threshold using the Yolov8 “nano” architecture. This study underscores the potential of thermal imaging for non-invasive respiratory monitoring and highlights the explainability and accuracy of selecting the facial mask region for signal extraction.

4

Method of Statistical Analysis of Frictional and Thermal Phenomena in Selected Friction Nodes

Lepiarczyk Dariusz

Tribologia

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2024

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nr 4

55--64

EN

The use of thermographic techniques or contact temperature measurements in diagnostics can be a rich source of information on the technical condition of the object examined. The application of diagnostics using thermographic techniques allows for the precise localization of malfunctioning machine components and enables effective repair without replacing properly functioning parts. This is particularly important in bearing elements, where relative rotational movement generates significant heat due to friction between cooperating components. This article presents the results of studies on selected friction joints working under various operating conditions. Based on the results obtained from the measurement and using statistical tools, a method was developed to evaluate the correct operation of the selected friction nodes The verification of the developed test method was carried out on the results obtained from thermal imaging measurements.

PL

Wykorzystanie w diagnostyce technik termowizyjnych lub pomiarów kontaktowych temperatury może być bogatym źródłem informacji o stanie technicznym badanego obiektu technicznego. Zastosowanie diagnostyki z wykorzystaniem technik termowizyjnych umożliwia precyzyjne zlokalizowanie wadliwie funkcjonujących elementów maszyn i urządzeń oraz dokonanie skutecznej naprawy bez niepotrzebnej wymiany prawidłowo działających części. Szczególnie ma to znaczenie w elementach łożyskowych, w których względny ruch obrotowy powoduje wydzielanie znacznej ilości ciepła w wyniku tarcia współpracujących elementów. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki badań wykonane dla wybranych węzłów ciernych, pracujących w różnych warunkach eksploatacyjnych. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników pomiarów z wykorzystaniem narzędzi statystycznych opracowano metodę oceny poprawnego stanu pracy wybranych węzłów tarcia. Weryfikację opracowanej metody badawczej przeprowadzono w oparciu o wyniki uzyskane z pomiarów termowizyjnych.

5

Modelowanie sygnału z kamery termowizyjnej na potrzeby badania algorytmów optical-flow

Bieszczad Grzegorz, Sawicki Krzysztof, Ligienza Andrzej, Mścichowski Mariusz, Gogler Sławomir

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2024

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R. 28, nr 1

71--80

PL

W artykule przedstawiono sposób modelowania sygnału pochodzącego od kamery termowizyjnej, pozwalający na wykonanie analizy porównawczej algorytmów wyznaczania tak zwanego przepływu optycznego. Sposób modelowania powstał na potrzeby rozwoju czujnika inercyjnego, wyznaczającego przesunięcie pojazdu na podstawie analizy obrazu z kamery termowizyjnej. W ramach prac rozwojowych niezbędne okazało się dokonanie wyboru rodzaju algorytmu wyznaczania przepływu optycznego oraz optymalizację parametrów algorytmu. Syntetyczny model sygnału pozwolił na szybkie prototypownie algorytmów i automatyczną optymalizację jego parametrów. W artykule przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki porównania efektywności algorytmów SAD oraz Farnebäcka w kontekście zastosowania dla obrazów termowizyjnych.

EN

The article presents a method of modeling the signal coming from a thermal imaging camera that allows to perform a comparative analysis of algorithms for determining the so-called optical-flow. The modeling method was created for the development of an inertial sensor determining the displacement of the vehicle based on the analysis of the image from a thermal imaging camera. As part of the development work, it was necessary to select the type of optical flow algorithm and optimize its parameters. The synthetic signal model allowed for quick prototyping and automatic optimization of its parameters. The article presents exemplary results of comparing the efficiency of SAD and Farnebäck algorithms in the context of application for thermal imaging.

6

Application of a deep-learning neural network for image reconstruction from a single-pixel infrared camera

Urbaś Sebastian, Więcek Bogusław

Opto-Electronics Review

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2024

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Vol. 32, No. 1

art. no. e148877

EN

The article presents the simulation results of a single-pixel infrared camera image reconstruction obtained by using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Simulations were carried out for infrared images with a resolution of 80 × 80 pixels, generated by a low-cost, low-resolution thermal imaging camera. The study compares the reconstruction results using the CNN and the ℓ₁ reconstruction algorithm. The results obtained using the neural network confirm a better quality of the reconstructed images with the same compression rate expressed by the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM).

7

Weryfikacja wyników badań wyładowań niezupełnych metodą emisji akustycznej w transformatorach energetycznych

Buchacz Jerzy, Wawrzynosek Marcin

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2024

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R. 26, nr 9

82--88

PL

W artykule omówiono badania transformatorów metodą emisji akustycznej oraz sposoby interpretacji i weryfikacji ich wyników przy pomocy termowizji i analizy chromatograficznej gazów rozpuszczonych w oleju. Opisano rzeczywiste przypadki łącznego wykorzystania tych metod w celu precyzyjnego określenia przyczyn generacji emisji akustycznej w transformatorach i stopnia zagrożenia ich eksploatacji przez wyładowania niezupełne. Wskazano na niestandardowe możliwości zastosowania metody emisji akustycznej do wykrywania w kadzi transformatora miejsc o podwyższonej temperaturze.

EN

The article discusses tests of transformers using the acoustic emission method and methods of interpretation and verification of their results using thermal imaging and DGA analysis of gases dissolved in the oil. Real cases of combined usage of these methods are described in order to precisely determine the causes of acoustic emission generation in transformers and the degree of risk of their operation posed by partial discharges. Non-standard possibilities of using the acoustic emission method for detecting places with increased temperature in the transformer tank were indicated.

8

Zastosowanie obrazowania termicznego w ocenie patofizjologii migrenowego bólu głowy – przegląd literatury i analiza przypadku

Kasprzyk-Kucewicz Teresa, Mrowiec Aleksandra, Sabok Katarzyna, Stanek Agata, Cholewka Armand, Kidoń-Szołtysek Joanna, Siemianowicz Anna

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2024

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Vol. 13, nr 1

75--80

PL

Obrazowanie termiczne opiera się na zjawisku emisji ciepła z organizmu ludzkiego. Z jego pomocą możemy określić mapę temperaturową powierzchni ciała i zlokalizować tkanki i narządy zmienione chorobowo dzięki pojawieniu się zmiany powierzchniowych gradientów temperatury. Migrenowe bóle głowy są chorobą dotykającą miliony ludzi na całym świecie. Etiologia tego zaburzenia nie jest jednak do końca poznana, stąd próby zastosowania nowych, innowacyjnych metod i technologii diagnostycznych, które nie tylko ocenią samą migrenę, ale być może będą w stanie przewidzieć wystąpienie bólu migrenowego. Przedstawiony w pracy przegląd literatury z dziedziny wykorzystania obrazowania termicznego w ocenie pacjentów z migreną pokazuje, że analiza termiczna daje interesujące wyniki, a zmiany temperatury mogą stać się narzędziem wspomagającym standardową diagnostykę. Wydaje się także zasadne twierdzić, że analiza zmian temperatury na powierzchni twarzy może być pomocna w zrozumieniu neurofizjologii i doprecyzowaniu modelu patofizjologii migreny.

EN

Thermal imaging is based on the phenomenon of heat emission from the human body. With its help, we can determine the temperature map of the body surface and locate tissues and organs that have undergone pathological changes due to the presence of temperature gradients. Migraine headaches are a condition that affects millions of people worldwide. However, the etiology of this disorder is not fully understood, hence attempts to use new and unconventional diagnostic technologies for the analysis and assessment of patients, such as infrared thermography. The literature review presented in this study on the use of thermal imaging in the evaluation of patients with migraines shows that thermal analysis yields interesting results, and temperature changes can become a supportive tool for standard diagnostics. It also seems reasonable to claim that analyzing temperature changes on the facial surface may be helpful in understanding the neurophysiology and refining the pathophysiological model of migraines.

9

Analiza źródeł ciepła w bezzałogowych statkach powietrznych

Sierpowski Korneliusz, Górski Krzysztof, Ptak Przemysław, Horyń Wojciech

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2024

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Vol. 65, Nr 9

25--29

PL

W pracy wskazano potencjalne źródła ciepła wydzielanego w bez załogowych systemach powietrznych (BSP), które mogą być wy korzystane w systemach wykrywania do detekcji BSP. omówiono przykładową budowę BSP z uwzględnieniem systemu zasilania i zarządzania energią. zaprezentowano i omówiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na komercyjnych i amatorskich BSP z wykorzystaniem kamery termograficznej.

EN

The work indicates potential sources of heat emitted in unmanned aerial systems (uAVs), which can be used in detection systems for uAV detection. An exemplary construction of a uAV was discussed, including the power supply and energy management system. The results of research carried out on commercial and amateur uAVs using a thermographic camera were presented and discussed.

10

Thermal imaging of the disc brake and drive train in an electric locomotive in field conditions

Sawczuk Wojciech, Rilo Cañás Armando Miguel, Kołodziejski Sławomir

Combustion Engines

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2024

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R. 63, nr 1

161--168

EN

The article presents the results of thermovision tests of the disc brake and the drive system components located in its vicinity on the 111Ed electric locomotive in field conditions. For this locomotive, tests were carried out on a test track to measure the temperature of the disc and the temperature of other devices that were installed close to the brake disc. These tests were performed pointwise, i.e. before and after the test, and continuously through-out the braking process. The article presents the methodology of thermal imaging research and the preparation of the camera for outdoor research with objects with different emissivity. Due to the rotating brake disc, it was decided to measure using an IR camera because measurements using thermocouples were very difficult and complex. In exceptional situations, temperature measurement using thermocouples is used, but it requires an extensive additional measurement system and signal recording, which is more expensive. Correct configuration of the IR camera to real conditions is extremely important because it directly translates into the increase in measurement error.

11

Application of thermal imaging cameras for smartphone: SEEK THERMAL compact pro and FLIR ONE pro for human stress detection – comparison and study

Baran Katarzyna

Applied Computer Science

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2024

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Vol. 20, no. 1

122--138

EN

Thermography as an innovative diagnostic technique with non-contact temperature measurement is used in many industries – science, industry, medicine, and security. When using thermography in the field of health, images and images sequences obtained from thermal imaging cameras allow to record the temperature distribution in order to further recognize whether the state of the body is consistent with the defined parameters or whether there are deviations. However, it is worth paying attention to the measurement accuracy of thermal imaging cameras, their specification, and image quality of thermograms. In the case of recording stress states, measurement discrepancies between thermal imaging cameras for smartphone may affect the final results. Therefore, this article focuses on the comparison of the possibility of recording and detecting stress using two smartphone thermal imaging cameras: SEEK THERMAL Compact Pro and FLIR ONE Pro. The specifications of both cameras were compared. At the same time, the possibility of recording stress using smartphone thermal imaging cameras was confirmed on the basis of an exemplary study. The results of the comparison and analysis show that smartphone thermography can be a quick registration and diagnostic method in behavioral-biomedical issues.

12

Artificial Intelligence You Only Look Once – Based Unmanned Aerial System for Remote Sensing in Security Surveillance

Gutt Jakub, Kaczor Michał, Paleta Grzegorz, Polec Krzysztof, Stiborski Kacper, Strzępek Filip, Czyba Roman, Czekalski Piotr, Domin Jarosław, Gebeyehu Nebiyat

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

|

Vol. 18, no. 7

364--378

EN

Unmanned aerial vehicles are a synergistic technology that complements other new technologies and is in constant development. The paper focuses on using artificial intelligence (AI) in security surveillance. This article aims to develop an unmanned aerial system to monitor border areas and detect human silhouettes in challenging environmental conditions. For this purpose, thermal imaging technology was used for remote sensing in combination with artificial intelligence, particularly Yolo algorithms. After testing various Yolo versions, the target algorithm was implemented on an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier edge device. Prototyping of the AI-based thermal detection system was carried out on the DJI S900 multi-rotor aircraft. The final solution was implemented on a vertical take-off and landing aircraft. A summary containing observations and conclusions, as well as perspectives for the development of future work, are included at the end of the paper.

13

Safety of Steel Arch Support Operation During Rock Bursts Under Explosive Atmosphere Conditions

Pytlik Andrzej, Frąc Witold

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2023

|

Vol. 45, nr 2

144-157

EN

Methane and coal dust explosions are among the most common causes of disasters in hard coal mining. Therefore, it is important for occupational safety in hard coal mines operating under methane and coal dust explosion hazards to identify possible ignition sources, whether due to natural or technical factors. One technical source of ignition can be mechanical sparks generated during operation of mechanical equipment and high surface temperatures of equipment components during operation. This paper presents the methodology and results of thermal imaging and strength testing of roadway support elements under dynamic loading. The goal of the tests was to identify the potential explosive atmosphere ignition sources during the operation of the support under the conditions of rock bursts. The scope of testing encompassed the temperature measurements by means of thermal camera of friction prop and yielding support frame sliding joint elements at yield under dynamic impact loading (simulating a burst). Significant joint element heating and mechanical sparking was observed during the testing of arching yielding support frame sliding joints and straight friction prop joints as a result of friction at yield. Some of the aspects defined in standard PN-EN ISO80079-36:2016 include the maximum temperature T max =150°C for a surface that can accumulate a layer of coal dust. Tests of the friction joints have shown that during impact loading, numerous mechanical sparks are produced at the friction joints of sections of the steel prop, with the surface temperature of the sections starting from 169.6°C and reaching up to 234.1°C. During tests it was also to determined emissivites of the tested sliding joints constructed from V29-V32 secrions depending on corrosion products which consist in range 0.842-0.873. Such a high temperature can initiate an explosive mixture consisting of methane, air and coal dust.

14

Temperature Distribution Analysis on the Surface of the Radiator: Infrared Camera and Thermocouples Results Comparison

Kotrys-Działak Dagmara, Stokowiec Katarzyna

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2023

|

Tom 25

37--44

EN

The experiments conducted in a didactic laboratory of the Kielce University of Technology involved temperature distribution measurements on the outer surface of a steel radiator using a thermal imaging camera and thermocouples to compare both investigation methods. The research included registering the parameters for a specific period for each of the four different medium flows. Graphs present the results with the division of the radiator into eight thermal fields. The results present the differences in temperatures between 1.78°C to 3.65°C. The non-contact method with an infrared camera seems more accurate since it is precise for surface temperature measurement.

15

May thermal imaging be useful in early diagnosis of lower extremities chronic venous disease?

Kajewska Joanna, Stanek Agata, Sieroń Karolina, Cholewka Armand

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 29, Iss. 1

73--84

EN

Introduction: World statistics confirmed that about 40-50% of men and 50-55% of women suffer from chronic venous disease. Currently, the Duplex ultrasound is the leading diagnostic method for chronic venous disease (CVD), but it has some limitations. Therefore, it is important to find a new diagnostic technique that will provide additional parameters, describing not only structural but also early metabolic and functional changes. Materials and Methods: This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of the thermal imaging technique in the diagnosis of chronic venous disease. Results were obtained for two groups: 61 patients suffering from the primary chronic venous disease (CVD group) and 30 healthy people (control group). The obtained results compared the thermal imaging parameters to data obtained from the ultrasound examination. Parameters such as the reflux duration and extent of the CEAP classification were correlated with the mean temperature of the limb, the mean temperature of the lesion (determined using two methods), and the thermal range. Based on data obtained during the study, correlation coefficients were calculated for individual parameters. Results: The results obtained show that the mean limb temperature, and especially the mean temperature of a proposed isothermal area, is significantly correlated with the range of reflux. The conducted tests showed the correlation between some thermal and ultrasonic parameters determined by Spearman's coefficient is 0.4 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Thus, parameters such as the isothermal area and the thermal range may be used as a preliminary quantitative diagnosis, similarly to those derived from the Duplex ultrasound.

16

Weryfikacja wyników badań wyładowań niezupełnych metodą emisji akustycznej w transformatorach energetycznych

Buchacz Jerzy, Wawrzynosek Marcin

Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe

|

2023

|

Nr 1 (128)

79--86

PL

W artykule omówiono badania transformatorów metodą emisji akustycznej oraz sposoby interpretacji i weryfikacji ich wyników przy pomocy termowizji i analizy chromatograficznej gazów rozpuszczonych w oleju. Opisano rzeczywiste przypadki łącznego wykorzystania tych metod w celu precyzyjnego określenia przyczyn generacji emisji akustycznej w transformatorach i stopnia zagrożenia ich eksploatacji przez wyładowania niezupełne. Wskazano na niestandardowe możliwości zastosowania metody emisji akustycznej do wykrywania w kadzi transformatora miejsc o podwyższonej temperaturze.

EN

The article discusses tests of transformers using the acoustic emission method and methods of interpretation and verification of their results using thermal imaging and DGA analysis of gases dissolved in the oil. Real cases of combined usage of these methods are described in order to precisely determine the causes of acoustic emission generation in transformers and the degree of risk of their operation posed by partial discharges. Non-standard possibilities of using the acoustic emission method for detecting places with increased temperature in the transformer tank were indicated.

17

Zastosowanie termowizji w diagnostyce ssaków z rodziny żyrafowatych – praca pilotażowa

Mrowiec Aleksandra, Szurko Agnieszka, Jagła Krzysztof, Dyrda Oliwia, Zawarczyńska Olga, Mitrenga Marek, Malec Andrzej, Kloska Alina, Cholewka Armand

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2023

|

Vol. 12, nr 2

173--176

PL

Celem pracy były badania termograficzne dzikich zwierząt przebywających w Śląskim Ogrodzie Zoologicznym. Termiczną analizę powłok brzusznych oraz stawów kończyn u ciężarnych żyraf prowadzono cyklicznie, na przestrzeni sześciu miesięcy, w okresie jesienno-zimowym. Otrzymane rezultaty prowadzonych badań wskazały, iż średnia temperatura powłok brzusznych u dwóch z trzech badanych żyraf wzrosła o niemal 2°C w okresie powadzonych badań. Zakładając powtarzalność warunków, w których prowadzono badania, można przypuszczać, iż wystąpił wzrost ukrwienia i metabolizmu tej części ciała, co z kolei może być związane z rozwojem płodu u ciężarnych zwierząt. Z kolei przeprowadzone badanie termowizyjne stawów kończyn pokazało asymetrię termalną w pierwszym okresie badań, która z czasem uległa znaczącemu zmniejszeniu. To z kolei może wskazywać na zmianę obciążenia odpowiedniej części ciała, wskutek ułożenia i rozwoju płodu u badanych żyraf.

EN

The aim of the work was the thermographic research of wild animals kept in the Silesian Zoological Garden. Thermal analysis of abdominal integuments and limb joints in pregnant giraffes was carried out cyclically, over the course of six months, in the autumn and winter. The obtained results of the research showed that the average temperature of the abdominal integuments in two of the three giraffes studied increased by almost 2°C during the research period. Assuming the repeatability of the conditions in which the research was conducted, it can be assumed that there was an increase in blood supply and metabolism in this part of the body, which in turn may be related to the development of the fetus in pregnant animals. In turn, the thermal imaging examination of the joints of the limbs showed thermal asymmetry in the first period of the study, which significantly decreased over time. This, in turn, may indicate a change in the load on the relevant part of the body due to the positioning and development of the fetus in the studied giraffes.

18

Zastosowanie termowizji do czasowej oceny efektów temperaturowych skóry po wykonaniu tatuażu – badanie pilotażowe

Mrowiec Aleksandra, Skraba Magdalena, Jagła Krzysztof, Cholewka Armand, Kasprzyk-Kucewicz Teresa, Szurko Agnieszka

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2023

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Vol. 12, nr 3

261--264

PL

Celem badania było ustalenie, czy tatuaż ma wpływ na mapę temperaturową ciała i jak długo ten efekt się utrzymuje. Obecnie nie ma wystarczających informacji związanych z dokładnym wpływem wykonania tatuażu, przyczynami i czasem utrzymywania się zmian temperaturowych powierzchni ciała [1]. Dynamika takich zmian i ich amplituda może świadczyć o procesie gojenia tkanek lub infekcji, co może mieć znaczenie dla szybkiej reakcji farmakologicznej. Badanie termowizyjne ramienia wykonano 3 dni przed, a także 3 i 10 dni po wykonaniu tatuażu. Porównanie średniej temperatury powierzchniowej badanych obszarów pokazało znaczące różnice między tymi obszarami. Po upływie 3 dni od wykonania tatuażu, średnia temperatura obszaru nienaruszonej skóry wynosiła 30,4°C, natomiast obszar pokryty tatuażem 35,8°C. Różnica temperatury dla tych obszarów wyniosła 5,4°C. Wraz z gojeniem się skóry różnica temperatury zmniejszała się i efekt zapalny zanikał. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań można wywnioskować, że wykonanie tatuażu powoduje wzrost temperatury skóry podobny do ostrej reakcji zapalnej. Ponadto efekt utrzymuje się, choć maleje aż do 10 dnia od zabiegu.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine whether tattooing affects the body’s temperature map and how long this effect persists. Currently, there is insufficient information related to the exact impact of tattooing, the causes, and the duration of temperature changes on the body surface [1]. The dynamics of such changes and their amplitude may indicate the process of tissue healing or infection, which may be important for a rapid pharmacological response. Thermal imaging of the arm was performed 3 days before, as well as 3 and 10 days after tattooing. A comparison of the mean surface temperature of the examined areas showed significant differences between the areas. 3 days after tattooing, the mean temperature of the intact skin area was 30.4°C, while that of the tattooed area was 35.8°C. The temperature difference for these areas was 5.4°C. As the skin healed, the temperature difference decreased, and the inflammatory effect disappeared. Based on the study, it can be concluded that tattooing causes an increase in skin temperature like an acute inflammatory reaction. In addition, the effect persists, although it decreases until the 10th day after the procedure.

19

Czy temperatura języka może nieść informacje o ogólnym stanie zdrowia?

Mrowiec Aleksandra, Świątkowski Antoni, Gąsiorek Adrian, Wziątek-Kuczmik Daria, Niedzielska Iwona, Cholewka Armand

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2023

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Vol. 12, nr 4

357--360

PL

Obrazowanie termiczne w podczerwieni stało się nieinwazyjną i skuteczną metodą ilościowej oceny temperatury ciała, mającą zastosowanie w diagnozowaniu różnych schorzeń nawet w stadium przedklinicznym. W niniejszym badaniu oceniono rozkład temperatury na powierzchni języka u pacjentów z różnymi schorzeniami ogólnymi. Pacjenci z wysokim ryzykiem infekcji ogólnoustrojowych zostali skierowani do Poradni Chirurgii Szczękowo-Twarzowej SUM w Katowicach celem identyfikacji potencjalnych ognisk infekcji zębopochodnych. Zostali poddani ocenie uzębienia, a także prognostycznemu badaniu języka. Grupę badaną stanowili losowo wybrani pacjenci z chorobami ogólnoustrojowymi oraz osoby bez chorób współistniejących. Powierzchnia języka została podzielona na sektory. Do pomiaru średniej temperatury tych sektorów wykorzystano kamerę termowizyjną FLIR T540 o czułości < 0,03 K. Analizę statystyczną przeprowadzono przy użyciu programu Statistica 10. Wyniki ujawniły statystycznie istotne różnice w temperaturze języka obu badanych grup. Obrazowanie termiczne ma potencjał w zapobieganiu i diagnozowaniu chorób ogólnych.

EN

Thermal infrared imaging has become a non-invasive and effective method for quantitative assessment of body temperature, with applications in diagnosing various diseases even in the preclinical stage. In this study, we evaluated the temperature distribution on the surface of the tongue in patients with various general diseases. Patients with a high risk of systemic infection were referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Outpatient Clinic of the SUM in Katowice to identify potential foci of dentofacial infections. They underwent an evaluation of their dentition, as well as a prognostic tongue examination. The study group consisted of randomly selected patients with systemic diseases and those without comorbidities. The surface of the tongue was divided into sectors. A FLIR T540 thermal imaging camera with a sensitivity of < 0.03K was used to measure the mean temperature of these sectors. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10. The results revealed statistically significant differences in the tongue temperature of the two study groups. Thermal imaging has potential in the prevention and diagnosis of general diseases.

20

Optimization of Animal Detection in Thermal Images Using YOLO Architecture

Popek Łukasz, Perz Rafał, Galiński Grzegorz, Abratański Artur

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2023

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Vol. 69, No. 4

826--831

EN

The article presents research on animal detection in thermal images using the YOLOv5 architecture. The goal of the study was to obtain a model with high performance in detecting animals in this type of images, and to see how changes in hyperparameters affect learning curves and final results. This manifested itself in testing different values of learning rate, momentum and optimizer types in relation to the model’s learning performance. Two methods of tuning hyperparameters were used in the study: grid search and evolutionary algorithms. The model was trained and tested on an in-house dataset containing images with deer and wild boars. After the experiments, the trained architecture achieved the highest score for Mean Average Precision (mAP) of 83%. These results are promising and indicate that the YOLO model can be used for automatic animal detection in various applications, such as wildlife monitoring, environmental protection or security systems.