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Ocena przydatności butelek z PET do przechowywania próbek wód podziemnych przeznaczonych do analizy stężenia trytu

Wilamowski Andrzej

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 2

92--97

EN

1.5-litre PET bottles were filled with a sample of groundwater, weighted and then stored in laboratory. Approximately every 11 weeks the bottles were weighted and one of them was taken for analyses. About 2.3% of water was lost from the bottles per year. The summer evaporation accounted for 55% of the winter evaporation value, which is mainly due to the difference in air humidity. The temperature effect was negligibly low. The electrical conductivity (PEW) increased linearly by 3 units (μS/cm) per loss of 1% of water. However, contrary to the electrical conductivity, the concentrations of tritium did not show any sensitivity to the degree of evaporation of the water sample, which justifies the conclusion that this type of bottles is suitable for storage of natural water samples intended for the analysis of tritium for up to 3 years under laboratory conditions.

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The Jurassic–Cretaceous transition in the High-Tatric succession (Giewont Unit, Western Tatra Mts, Poland): integrated stratigraphy and microfacies

Lodowski Damian Gerard, Pszczółkowski Andrzej, Wilamowski Andrzej, Grabowski Jacek

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 1

107--135

EN

Herein are presented the results of detailed bio - (calcareous dinocysts, calpionellids, foraminifers, saccocomids) and chemostratigraphic (δ13C) studies combined with high-resolution microfacies, rock magnetic and gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) investigations performed on the upper Kimmeridgian-upper Valanginian carbonates of the Giewont succession (Tatricum, Giewont and Mały Giewont sections, Western Tatra Mountains, Poland). The interval studied covers the contact between the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone (RTL) Fm. and the Wysoka Turnia Limestone (WTL) Fm. Their sedimentary sequence is composed of micrites, pseudonodular limestones, cyanoid packstones, lithoclastic packstone and encrinites. A precise correlation with the previously published Mały Giewont section is ensured by biostratigraphy, rock magnetic and GRS logs. The methodology adopted has enabled the recognition of two stratigraphic discontinuities, approximated here as corresponding to the latest Tithonian-early (late?) Berriasian and the early Valanginian. The hiatuses are evidenced by biostratigraphic data and the microfacies succession as well as by perturbations in isotopic compositions and rock magnetic logs; they are thought to result from a conjunction of tectonic activity and eustatic changes. A modified lithostratigraphic scheme for the Giewont and the Osobita High-Tatric successions is proposed. The top of the RTL Fm. falls in the upper Tithonian, where cyanoid packstones disappear. At the base of the WTL Fm. a new Giewont Member is defined as consisting of a basal lithoclastic packstone and following encrinites.

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Zmiany poziomu morza : przyczyny, skale czasowe i historia ich poznania

Boski Tomasz, Wilamowski Andrzej

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 11

820--823

EN

Sea level changes provoked by multiple forcings that act in a wide range of time scales attracted human interest for several millennia. However, the bases of modern understanding of this phenomenon and its quantitative expression were achieved during the last two centuries. At present, owing to a series of altimetric observations made by 4 satellite missions in the last 30years, the mean sea level (MSL) rise calculated for the whole Earth is estimated to be 3-3.5 mm per year, with at least half of this value being attributable to human-induced climate warming. About 125,000 years ago, during the last interglacial (Eemian) that was warmer than the current period, the MSL was about 5 m higher than today. Approximately 116,000 years ago, the sea level began to decline as a result of gradual cooling of the climate that led to glaciation, which in the Northern Hemisphere had a climax at 20-30 ka BP. The transition from the last glacial maximum to the current warm period, covering the last 20,000years, includes the transfer of about 35 106 km3 of water from melting ice caps of the Northern Hemisphere to the oceanic reservoir, causing an increase in sea level of about 130 m. The average rate of MSL rise was about 10 mm per year, although over the last seven millennia, the MSL rising rate dropped to about 1-1.5 mm per year. These changes are considered representative of the natural variability of the Earth's climate system over the past 2 million years.

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The δ18O and δD isoscapes of recent groundwater in Poland

Leśniak Paweł M., Wilamowski Andrzej

Geologos

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2019

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Vol. 25, No. 3

205--211

EN

Considering the country’s development and quality of life, recognition of the water cycle mechanism is of great importance. A significant contribution to this comes from the isotopic composition of particular elements of the water cycle. However, a weak point is that in Poland only one element of the water cycle, precipitation, is sampled and measured over more than 312 thousands km2 at a single station. It is therefore necessary to seek extension of or alternatives for these rare data. Such an alternative is the sampling of groundwater containing tritium in the national monitoring net-work of groundwater bodies that is maintained by the Polish Geological Institute. Based on such data we have con-structed δ18O and δD isoscapes (i.e., maps of δ18O and δD values) of recent groundwater. These data provide spatial distribution of δ18O and δD values which can be used as input to hydrogeological models.