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The role of accessibility assessment automation tools in designing a positive EAA-compliant UX

Curyl Piotr

Biuletyn Naukowy Wrocławskiej Wyższej Szkoły Informatyki Stosowanej. Informatyka

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2025

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Vol. 11

1--12

EN

The article examines the digital accessibility of websites through the lens of the European Accessibility Act. From June 2025, Poland must implement the EAA directive, which introduces a range of standards taking a horizontal and global approach to digital accessibility, both in making content available to people with disabilities and in raising public awareness. The directive creates a legal obligation to apply the WCAG 2.1 AA principles, extending the WCAG 2.1 standard currently in force. The study presents a qualitative analysis of automated digital-accessibility testing tools, using the most popular Polish websites as examples, and a quantitative analysis of the workload that website authors will face when migrating to WCAG 2.1 AA. The proposed solutions and improvements offered by automation tools are evaluated against positive UX criteria. The summary also assesses the prevailing standards in terms of fostering positive user experiences in human-computer interaction and analyses the quality of the proposed automated audits, paying particular attention to their compliance with accepted norms and their impact on interaction efficiency.

PL

Artykuł skupia się na dostępności cyfrowej witryn internetowych w ujęciu Europejskiego Aktu o dostępności. Od czerwca 2025 roku Polska będzie miała obowiązek stosowania dyrektywy EAA, która wprowadza szereg standardów obejmujących horyzontalne oraz globalne podejście do dostępności cyfrowej, zwłaszcza w zakresie udostępniania treści dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami, jak i pogłębienia świadomości społeczeństwa w tym zakresie. Dyrektywa ta wprowadza obowiązek prawny w postaci stosowania zasad WCAG 2.1 AA, które są rozszerzeniem obowiązującego dzisiaj standardu WCAG 2.1. Badania znajdujące się w artykule obejmują analizę jakościową aplikacji automatyzujących analizę dostępności cyfrowej na przykładzie najpopularniejszych polskich witryn internetowych oraz analizę ilościową pod względem oczekiwanej pracy, którą autorzy stron internetowych będą musieli wykonać ze względu na przejście do nowego standardu WCAG 2.1 AA. Zaproponowane rozwiązania oraz usprawnienia oferowane przez narzędzia automatyzujące zostały zbadane pod kątem pozytywnych kryteriów UX. Podsumowanie zawiera ponadto ocenę obowiązujących standardów w kontekście kształtowania pozytywnych doświadczeń użytkownika w interakcji człowiek-komputer oraz analizę jakości proponowanych audytów automatycznych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich zgodności z przyjętymi normami i wpływu na efektywność interakcji.

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User experience evaluation study on the quality of 1K, 2K, and 4K H.265/HEVC video content

Falkowski-Gilski Przemyslaw, Uhl Tadeus, Hoppe Christian

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2024

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nr 77 (149)

38--46

EN

Nowadays, most content creators focus on distributing rich media at the highest possible resolution. Currently, the majority of sold consoles, media players, computer hardware, as well as displays and TVs are advertised as 4K-compatible. The same trend is observed in the case of popular online streaming services and terrestrial TV broadcasts. Generally speaking, it is assumed that higher bitrates provide higher subjective judgements. In this paper, we present the results of a user experience (UX) evaluation study on the quality of video content coded and transmitted in different resolutions in the internet protocol (IP) environment. The image resolutions include 1K (1920×1080 pixels; full-HD), 2K (2560×1440 pixels; wide-QHD), and 4K (3840×2160 pixels; ultra-HD) content that are processed in the H.265/HEVC (high-efficiency video coding) format. A subjective evaluation is carried out in a laboratory consisting of 20 iMacs with a 21.5-inch 4K Retina (4096×2304 pixels) display. The group of viewers included 28 individuals aged between 21‒35 years old, comprising people with and without visual impairments. The obtained UX results are compared with previous experiments, including both objective quality of service (QoS) and subjective quality of experience (QoE), as well as the impact of downscaling to 1K from 2K and 4K. The outcomes of this study may be of particular interest to any party interested in video content processing and distribution, as well as consumption and storage.

3

Successfully Improving the User Experience of an Artificial Intelligence System

Zender Alexander, Humm Bernhard G., Holzheuser Anna

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2024

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Vol. 39

253-–258

EN

An important aspect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems is their User Experience (UX), which can impact the user's trust in the AI system. However, UX has not yet been in the focus of AI research. In previous research, we have evaluated the UX of the Meta AutoML platform OMA-ML, uncovering weak points and proposing several recommendations for ensuring a positive UX in AI systems. In this paper we show that implementing those recommendations leads to measurable UX improvements. We present the UX-improving features implemented in a new release of OMA-ML and the results from a second UX evaluation. The UX of OMA-ML could successfully be improved in four interactive principles (suitability for the user's tasks, self-descriptiveness, user engagement and learnability). We argue that an iterative approach to UX potentially leads to more human-centered AI.

4

Identification of the needs of user experience designers in organizations

Łuczak Kamila

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 172

453--465

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify the needs of User Experience (UX) designers in organizations. Design/methodology/approach: In the theoretical part, the author uses a literature review to analyse the literature in the area of User Experience, requirements engineering, and also refers to selected stages of project management in organizations. The empirical part uses a qualitative method - in-depth interviews. The author developed a scenario and the goals she wants to achieve by interviewing User Experience designers. Findings: The needs of User Experience designers have been identified in four areas: the division of the UX/UI position, the essence of design system, communication with the client and the design process in the organization. Most respondents value the lack of division of the UX/UI designer position. UX designers need regular meetings with the client and understanding of the individual stages of design by the client. Designers would also like to be able to conduct their own research with users and maintain constant contact with developers. In addition, respondents emphasize the need to develop a design system in the organization. Research limitations/implications: In future research, the author would like to conduct research with User Experience designers from other countries and conduct a comparative analysis of the collected results. Practical implications: The conducted research indicates the needs of User Experience designers in organizations. After reading the article, project managers should consider whether the problems identified can be noted in their companies as well. Finding solutions to these problems may result in improved working conditions and, consequently, in the construction of better end products. Originality/value: The key value of the research carried out as part of the article is the identification of current problems of User Experience designers. Project managers, after getting acquainted with the requirements, problems of UX designers, will be able to make changes in organizations.

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Trip planning mobile application: a perspective case study of user experience

Pawełoszek Ilona, Wieczorkowski Jędrzej

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2023

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Vol. 15, no. 2

55--71

EN

Mobile trip planning applications may contribute to popularising public transport, provided they work efficiently and gain high user acceptance. This article aims to take a closer look at the functioning of the JakDojade application, which has been the most popular platform in Poland for several years, supporting travel planning by public transport. In the presented case study, the authors tried to diagnose problems and indicate the directions of application development. At the same time, through this analysis, the authors aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of researching user comments from the viewpoint of managing the development of mobile applications and related services. A case study methodology was used to perform a descriptive study. Data on user feedback on JakDojade mobile application in Poland comes from Google Play Store. Semantic categorisation of user comments and sentiment analysis allowed for identifying user problems and diagnosing emotions related to its use. The presented methodology allowed for diagnosing typical user problems for the JakDojade application, which may help indicate further development directions. The authors attempted to demonstrate the usefulness of researching user comments from the point of view of managing the development of mobile applications and related services. The semi-automatic approach to text analysis presented in the article highlights the problems related to the study of user reviews. The limitations of the proposed methodology and the possibilities for its improvement were indicated.

6

Stalowa Wola - the city of big investments. history, the present, the future

Sikora Anna, Kowal Marek

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

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2020

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Vol. 37, No. 67

71--80

EN

After regaining independence in 1918, Poland faced the task of rebuilding its infrastructure. One of the main achievements, apart from the port of Gdynia, was Stalowa Wola – a city built on a “raw root” with a closed, avant-garde composition, which was largely realized. The appearance of the city was influenced by the doctrines: modernist (including socialist modernism) and socialist realist. The article presents a design procedure model that can be used in the case of designing areas with the morphogenesis of a modernist city. The proposed method uses the theoretical considerations of Aldo Rossi and Jan Gehl and the elements of User Experience Design (UX).