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1

Alkali pre-treatment of the Ti6Al7Nb substrate and its impact on electrochemically deposited calcium phosphate coatings

Iwaniak Klaudia, Kaczorowski Witold, Burnat Barbara, Grabarczyk Jacek

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2024

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vol. 27, no. 172

art. no. 01

EN

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of alkali pre-treatment of a Ti6Al7Nb substrate on the morphology and physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings. CaP coatings were electrochemically deposited on two groups of substrates: one unmodified and the other pre-treated in a 5M NaOH solution. CaP coatings deposition was performed in a three-electrode system using a potentiostatic mode at a potential of -4 V for 1 h in an electrolyte containing 0.042M Ca(NO3)2 and 0.025M NH4H2PO4. The surface characteristics of the coatings were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle techniques. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the coatings was assessed by linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization tests in PBS solution. Morphological analysis showed that the coatings exhibited no significant differences. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic elements constituting the CaP coatings in both tested groups. Raman spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of the hydroxyapatite (HAp), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) structures. Furthermore, Raman mapping confirmed the effectiveness of substrate pre-treatment, leading to the crystalline structure of the coatings. The water contact angle values indicated that pre-treatment of the substrate in NaOH increases the hydrophilicity of the deposited coatings. Regardless of the substrate preparation method, the deposited CaP coatings exhibited protective properties against corrosion under physiological conditions. The results confirmed that alkali pre-treatment of the Ti6Al7Nb alloy affects the crystallinity and the wettability of the electrodeposited CaP coatings.

2

Analysis of the electrodeposited ZnO as photo anode for solar cells

Rummaja Iskandar Dzulkarnain, Idris Muhammad Idzdihar, Zamberi Aina Maisarah, Norddin Nurbahirah, Zainudin Muhammad Noorazlan Shah, Abd Razak Jeefferie, Bin Ramlee Khairul Radi Husin, Samat Fadzli

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 2

123--126

EN

There are many methods to deposit a photoanode layer of DSSC, such as doctor blade, sputtering and spin coating. However, there are limitations for each of the methods. Electrochemical deposition is a three-electrode, cost-effective method for depositing metal, metallic oxide, and composites. The three-electrode method can also control the coating thickness and chemical composition by varying the deposition potential/current. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor with a wide bandgap energy value lying in the range of 3.37 eV. In this work, ZnO layers were deposited using an electrodeposition method by varying the time and molarity of the solution. The potential difference used in this experiment was - 0.61 V based on the cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry using a potentiostat and NOVA software. The qualities of the deposited ZnO have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to determine their characterizations.

PL

Istnieje wiele metod osadzania warstwy fotoanody DSSC, takich jak rakla, napylanie katodowe i powlekanie wirowe. Istnieją jednak ograniczenia dla każdej z metod. Osadzanie elektrochemiczne to opłacalna metoda osadzania metali, tlenków metali i kompozytów za pomocą trzech elektrod. Metoda trójelektrodowa może również kontrolować grubość powłoki i skład chemiczny poprzez zmianę potencjału/prądu osadzania. Tlenek cynku (ZnO) to półprzewodnik typu n o wartości energetycznej szerokiego pasma wzbronionego mieszczącej się w przedziale 3,37 eV. W tej pracy warstwy ZnO osadzano metodą osadzania elektrolitycznego, zmieniając czas i molarność roztworu. Różnica potencjałów zastosowana w tym eksperymencie wynosiła -0,61 V w oparciu o cykliczną woltamperometrię i chronoamperometrię z użyciem potencjostatu i oprogramowania NOVA. Właściwości osadzonego ZnO badano za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM) i spektroskopii w zakresie widzialnym i ultrafioletowym (UV-Vis) w celu określenia ich charakterystyki.

3

Electrochemical deposition of cobalt-nickel coatings in a constant magnetic field

Miękoś Ewa, Klepka Tomasz, Zieliński Marek, Sroczyński Dariusz

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

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Vol. 58, iss. 2

art. no. 146066

EN

The electrochemical deposition of Co-Ni coatings on gold-disc electrode with and without of constant magnetic field (CMF) has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The EDX results showed that CMF applied during the electrodeposition of Co-Ni coatings affects their composition. In particular, an increase by 17% in the content of cobalt in coating, i.e. the main component, with a simultaneous decrease of nickel content has been observed when magnetic induction B of 1200 mT was applied compare to this without of CMF. Moreover, it has been supposed that the increase of internal stresses in electrodeposited Co-Ni coatings under CMF can be attributed to a decrease in their thickness.

4

Some Aspects Concerning Titanium Coverage with Hydroxyapatite

Perju Manuela-Cristina, Nejneru Carmen, Vizureanu Petrica, Aelenei Andra-Adorata, Sandu Andrei Victor, Sachelarie Liliana, Nabiałek Marcin

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2022

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Vol. 67, iss. 2

521--527

EN

Generally, the metallic implants do not exhibit any bio-integration properties in contact with bone tissues. To improve the interfacial properties of metallic implants in contact with bone, the coatings with thin biocompatible films are used. Two methods to coating titanium implants with hydroxyapatite are described. The first is a two phase method, where by cathodic polarization is deposed a monetite film followed by an alkaline treatment when the monetite is converted to hydroxyapatite. The second method is a biomimetic deposition on an alkaline activate titanium surface, using a five time more concentrated simulated body fluid (5xSBF). After deposition this samples was drying at 120℃ and was sintered at 700℃ for three hours. Optical microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to characterize structure, morphology and compositions of the deposed films. In this study, electrochemical deposition and biomimetic deposition of hydroxyapatite are compared.

5

Effect of the Applied Current Density and Deposition Time on Electro-Codeposition Process of Cobalt Matrix Reinforced with Nano-CeO2

Simionescu-Bogatu Nicoleta, Benea Lidia

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2022

|

Vol. 67, iss. 2

615--622

EN

This research paper aims to study the influence of some of the main parameters applied to the electrodeposition process on the nanocomposite layers obtained by strengthening the cobalt matrix with cerium oxide nanoparticles. Thus, the current efficiency (process efficiency) and the degree of inclusion of cerium oxide nanoparticles into cobalt matrix are analyzed according to the current density, the concentration of nanoparticles dispersed in the deposition electrolyte and time of the process. The choice of the optimal parameters imposed on the electrodeposition process lead to the improvement of the quality of the obtained layers, to the reduction of production costs and last but not least to the improvement of corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of the material. The obtained results show an increase of current efficiency in the process of the deposited layers with the increase of time and current density applied. There is also a slight increasing in the current efficiency of the obtained layers with the increase of the concentration of nanoparticles dispersed in the deposition electrolyte. The increase of the current density, time and the concentration of nanoparticles also have an effect on the degree of embedded CeO2 nanoparticles into cobalt matrix for the studied nanocomposite layers. The degree of inclusion of nanoparticles decreases for the same studied system with the increasing of the current density.

6

Synthesis, characterization of Hollandite Ag2Mn8O16 on TiO2 nanotubes and their photocatalytic properties for Rhodamine B degradation

Thabit M., Liu H., Zhang J., Wang B.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2018

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Vol. 20, nr 2

85--91

EN

In this research Ag2 Mn8 O16 nanocrysls/TiO2 nanotubes, photoelectrodes were successfully prepared through anodization and annihilation steps, followed by electrodeposition of MnO2 and Ag in a three electrodes cell. The obtained photoelectrodes were dried, then annealed for crystallization, the morphology and structure of the fabricated electrodes were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The light absorption and harvesting properties were investigated through UV–visible diffuse refl ectance spectrum (DRS), photocatalytic performances were evaluated by degradation of 50 mL of Rhodamine B (5 mg L–1 ) under Xenon light irradiation for 2 h. Results illustrated that the fabricated photoelectrodes show remarkable photo-degradation properties of organic pollutants in aqueous mediums.

7

Deposition of phosphate coatings on titanium within scaffold structure

Trybuś B., Zieliński A., Beutner R., Seramak T., Scharnweber D.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 2

65--72

EN

Purpose. Existing knowledge about the appearance, thickness, and chemical composition of 37 phosphate coatings on titanium inside porous structures is insufficient. Such knowledge is 38 important for the design and fabrication of porous implants. 39 Methods. Metallic scaffolds were fabricated by selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel 40 powder. Phosphate coatings were deposited on Ti sensors placed either outside the scaffolds 41 or in the holes in the scaffolds. The electrochemically-assisted cathodic deposition of 42 phosphate coatings was performed under galvanostatic conditions in an electrolyte containing 43 the calcium and phosphate ions. The phosphate deposits were microscopically investigated; 44 this included the performance of mass weight measurements and chemical analyses of the content of Ca2+ and PO4 2‒ 45 ions after the dissolution of deposits. 46 Results. The thicknesses of the calcium phosphate coatings were about 140 and 200 nm for 47 isolated titanium sensors and 170 and 300 nm for titanium sensors placed inside pores. 48 Deposition of calcium phosphate occurred inside the pores up to 150 mm below the scaffold 49 surface. The deposits were rich in Ca, with a Ca/P ratio ranging between 2 and 2.5. 50 Conclusions. Calcium phosphate coatings can be successfully deposited on a Ti surface 51 inside a model scaffold. An increase in cathodic current results in an increase in coating 52 thickness. Any decrease in the cathodic current inside the porous structure is slight. The 53 calcium phosphate inside the pores has a much higher Ca/P ratio than that of stoichiometric 54 HAp, likely due to a gradual increase in Ca fraction with distance from the surface.

8

Wytwarzanie struktur poprzez osadzanie powierzchniowe

Furyk K., Wyszyński D.

Mechanik

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2014

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R. 87, nr 1

48--51

PL

Na podstawie literatury przedstawiono wybrane metody osadzania powierzchniowego, takie jak: litografia, fizyczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej (PVD – Physical Vapor Deposition), chemiczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej (CVD – Chemical Vapor Deposition), osadzanie elektrochemiczne oraz metody wspomagane laserem, np. bezprądowe osadzanie chemiczne wspomagane laserowo (LEEP – Laser-Enhanced Electroless Plating) i chemiczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej wspomagane wiązką laserową (LCVD – Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition).

EN

On the basis of the literature shows some surface deposition method such as lithography, physical vapor deposition (PVD - Physical Vapor Deposition), chemical vapor deposition (CVD - Chemical Vapor Deposition), electrochemical deposition, and laser-assisted methods, for example. Electroless Laser-assisted chemical deposition (LEEP - Enhanced Laser electroless plating), and chemical vapor deposition assisted laser beam (LCVD - Laser chemical vapor deposition).

9

Wytwarzanie mikrostruktur osadzaniem elektrochemicznym

Furyk K., Lipiec P.

Mechanik

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2014

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R. 87, nr 7

540--542

PL

Przedstawiono metody osadzania elektrochemicznego struktur trójwymiarowych. Omówiono trzy podstawowe procesy oraz zaprezentowano przykładowe wyniki badań dostępne w literaturze.

EN

Presented in the paper are the methods of producing 30 structures by the way of electrochemical deposition. Describec are three basie processes and examples of the resulłs availabk in the literaturę are presented.

10

Stabilizacja współczynnika tarcia w modelowym łożysku ślizgowym

Kosmynina M.

Tribologia

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2012

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nr 3

69-76

PL

W pracy omówiono współpracę dwóch układów obciążeń zewnętrznych: mechanicznego z tarciem i elektrochemicznego. Badania prowadzono w modelowym układzie tribologicznym składającym się z obracającego się pierścienia z prędkością 200 obr/min, z obciążeniem skokowym powierzchni bocznej (klockiem) siłami od 175 N do 507 N. Do układu podłączono kontrolowany obwód elektryczny, realizujący proces elektrochemicznej redukcji cynku podczas pracy układu tribologicznego. Osadzanie cynku wymuszano zewnętrznym źródłem prądu stałego z elektrolitu utworzonego na bazie oleju bazowego (hydrorafinatu II). Ustalono, że osadzenie technologicznej warstwy cynku, dla wypełnienia mikronierówności pierścienia (2–3 žm), ułatwia docieranie współpracujących elementów. Cynk osadzany w warunkach eksploatacji pozwala zachować stałą objętość (wymiar) elementu obciążanego oraz zmniejszyć i stabilizować współczynnik tarcia. W systemie omawianych układów realizowany jest proces osadzania powłok odnawialnych: osadzanych w układzie elektrochemicznym i zużywanych w strefie tarcia.

EN

The work is devoted to the cooperation of two systems of external loads: a mechanical with friction and electrochemical. The research was conducted in a model tribological system, which consisted of a rotating ring with a speed of 200 turns/min. It was loaded with a block on the lateral surface with forces from 175 N to 507 N. The testing device was connected to an controlled electrical circuit implementing the electrochemical reduction of zinc in the work of the tribological system. The deposition of zinc was enforced by an external direct current from the electrolyte formed based on base oil (hydrorafinat II). It was found that the technological zinc layer deposition filling the micro-irregularities of the ring (2-3 microns) helps to facilitate the working elements. Zinc, after the deposition in the operating conditions, can maintain the constant volume (dimension) of the loaded element and reduce and stabilise the friction coefficient. In the description of the considered device, the process of the deposition of renewable coatings is discussed. This includes the deposition of the coating in the electrochemical system and its function in the friction zone.

11

Characterization of electrodeposited nanostructured macroporous cobalt films using polystyrene sphere templates

El-Hallag I. S.

Materials Science Poland

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2010

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Vol. 28, No. 1

245--253

EN

The electrodeposition of highly ordered macroporous films of cobalt with regular arrays of spherical pores of the diameters 200, 550, 600, 750 and 1000 nm was carried out into the interstitial spaces of a template formed by polystyrene latex spheres. The spheres were self-assembled on flat gold electrodes of 1 cm2 surface area to produce a highly periodic, hexagonal close packed, interconnected network of monodisperse spherical pores within the metal film. The size of pores was determined by the diameter of the polystyrene latex particles used to prepare the template. The nanostructure of the films was studied by the scanning electron microscopy. Magnetic studies of the films were carried out with an Aerosonic 3001 vibrating sample magnetometer. The nucleation and the growth mode of cobalt were investigated via a chronoamperometry study.

12

Hydroxyapatite coatings on porous ti and ti alloys

Sobieszczyk S.

Advances in Materials Science

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2010

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Vol. 10, nr 1(23)

19-28

EN

Deposition of hydroxyapatite coating on porous Ti and Ti alloys with electrochemical and biomimetic deposition approach is presented. The enhancement of phosphates deposition by well oriented and uniform titanium oxide nanotube array on the surface of titanium substrate is discussed.

13

Correlation between physical properties of superlattices obtained by means of electrochemical deposition method and ion spraying

Duś-Sitek M., Nabiałek M., Gągorowska B.

Optica Applicata

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2009

|

Vol. 39, nr 4

645-653

EN

This paper compares structural and magnetic properties of Cu/Ni and Ni/Cu multilayer systems obtained by means of ion sputtering and electrochemical deposition method. The impact of both thickness of Cu and Ni sublayers and a number of bilayers repetition on magnetic properties was also investigated. The purpose of this work was to verify which method for multilayer system deposition enables samples of better structural and magnetic properties to be obtained.

14

Elektrochemiczne osadzanie gradientowych powłok stopowych Ni-P

Wiliński Z., Lipińska L., Rzepka A., Batijewski R.

Materiały Elektroniczne

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2008

|

T. 36, nr 3

47-62

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu optymalizację warunków procesu nakładania powłok Ni-P z kąpieli o różnym składzie. Podstawowymi parametrami wpływającymi na przebieg procesu były: zawartość soli niklu, gęstość prądu katodowego, temperatura i pH kąpieli, mieszanie roztworu (500 obr/ min) lub brak mieszania oraz zawartość dodatków. Badano wpływ tych czynników na wydajność procesu elektroosadzania i jakość uzyskanych powłok. Wyselekcjonowane kąpiele wykorzystano do nakładania gradientowych powłok Ni-P. Wykonano analizę chemiczną zawartości fosforu w powłokach oraz badania przyczepności, odporności korozyjnej, mikrotwardości i mikrostruktury otrzymanych powłok gradientowych.

EN

Electrodeposition of Ni-P coatings has important advantages: permits to control the plating speed and chemical composition of the deposit. Several electrolytes were investigated in order to optimize parameters of electrodeposition Ni-P alloy coatings (current density, temperature, electrolyte's pH, content of additives).The influence of these parameters on electrodeposition process efficiency and properties of obtained coatings were examined. Two electrolytes were selected for plating gradient (multilayer) coatings. The content of phosphor in Ni-P alloy was analytically evaluated. Also, the adherence, microhardness, microstructure and corrosion resistance of gradient coatings were investigated. All these parameters were the same or better than for coatings obtained during chemical deposition. After thermal treatment at 400° C the microhardness of gradient coatings increased to the level typical for chromium coatings. Ni-P gradient coatings can replace chromium finishing which is based on hazardous chemicals and has to be limited because of environment protection.

15

Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities andThreats (SWOT) and Prerequisite Tree (PT) for Selected Technologies of Coating and Layer Production

Góral A., Deda J., Bełtowska-Lehman E., Major B.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2008

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Vol. 53, iss. 4

979-984

EN

SWOT (identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis and prereąuisite tree (PT) are very important methods in planning of certain technology development. These methods are often used during the realization of the "Foresight" - type projects, aimed at enhancing social and economic development of a country. This work presents a SWOT analysis carried out for two selected technologies of the coating and layer deposition: Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and Electrochemical Deposition (ED) from aąueous solutions. On the basis of prereąuisite tree, the major barriers - according to the authors - that hinder the development and improvement of technology are presented. Potential methods of overcoming them are also proposed.

PL

W planowaniu tendencji rozwoju technologii ważną rolę odgrywają metody badawcze (analiza SWOT - analiza mocnych i słabych stron, szans i zagrożeń oraz drzewo osiągania celów - prereąuisite tree) stosowane przy realizacji projektów typu "Foresight" mających na celu socjoekonomiczny rozwój kraju. W pracy zaprezentowano analizę SWOT przeprowadzoną dla dwóch wybranych technologii wytwarzania warstw i powłok: osadzanie laserem impulsowym (PLD) oraz elektrochemicznego osadzania z roztworów wodnych (ED). Na podstawie drzewa osiągania celów wskazano główne, zdaniem autorów, bariery utrudniające rozwój i doskonalenie rozważanych technologii, a także zaproponowano potencjalne sposoby ich pokonania.

16

Electrochemical deposition of powder of ternary Co-Ni-Mo alloy from alkaline electrolyte

Stajic-Trosic J., Grujic A., Stevanovic J., Jordovic B., Pesic O.

Archives of Materials Science

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2008

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Vol. 29, nr 1-2

73-76

EN

The Co-Ni-Mo alloy powders were electrochemically deposited from alkaline ammonical electrolyte containing two or three different elements, Co, Ni and/or Mo at a constant current density. The obtained Co-Ni-M powders were studied using EDS, XRay and SEM analysis. Based on the obtained experimental results it can be concluded that by appropriate selection of chemical composition of the electrolyte for deposition, varying of Co, Ni and Mo ions ratios and current density it can be influenced on the particle sizes of deposited powders. X-ray results suggest that the obtained powders have amorphous structure.

17

Electrochemical formation of Ni-Mo nanocrystalline coatings from complex electrolytes

Fishgoit L.A., Vykhodsteva L.N., Kasyanov I.A., Nedorezov V.G., Safonov V.A.

Advances in Materials Science

|

2007

|

Vol. 7, nr 2(12)

290-294

EN

Methods of amorphous (nanocrystalline) Ni-Mo alloys deposition from pyrophosphate and citrate electrolytes have been improved. Optimal conditions (current density and electrolyte composition) at which deposits contain almost no oxide compounds (less than 2.5 at.%).

18

Methodic of obtaining Ni/Cu metal multilayers by electrochemical deposition.

Wykpis K., Budniok A.

Archives of Materials Science

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2006

|

Vol. 27, nr 2-3

129-137

EN

Ni/Cu multilayers have been obtained by electrodeposition method from a single bath realized by cyclic changes of deposition current densities of Ni and Cu sublayers. In order to determine the current conditions of Ni/Cu multilayer deposition, the potentiodynamic characteristics of the course of processes present during nickel and copper deposition were determined. The character of the potential changes in time of the multilayer electrodeposition, depending on a current density of copper deposition (at constant current density of nickel deposition) was analysed. The cross-sectional micrograph, confirmation of metal multilayer formation and the chemical composition of electrodeposited multilayers were obtained using a scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative chemical analysis of the electrodeposited multilayers shows that deposition of a copper sublayer at current densities of iCu=1, 0.5 and 0.2 mA/square cm is accompanied by nickel co-deposition. The nickel content decreases with decrease in the current density of copper sublayer deposition and is 73, 18 and 4 at.%, respectively. It was ascertained that depolarisation of nickel and overpolarisation of copper phenomena, are accompanied by deposition of Ni/Cu multilayers. The optimal for the sake of chemical composition, current condition of Ni/Cu multilayers electrodeposition from the bath containing Ni(SO3NH2)2x4H2O, CuSO4x5H2O and H3BO3 were proposed from the print of view of chemical composition. The current densities are found to be: iNi=20 mA/square cm and iCu below 0.2 mA/square cm.

19

Zastosowanie metod woltamperometrycznych do kontroli procesów elektroosadzania metali

Lipińska L., Batijewski R.

Materiały Elektroniczne

|

2003

|

T. 31, nr 3-4

39-60

PL

Metody elektroanalityczne takie jak: woltamperometria cykliczna i liniowa zostały wykorzystane do badania procesów elektrodowych, towarzyszących galwanicznemu wydzielaniu metali. Zastosowano stałe mikroelektrody: rtęciowe, platynowe i węglowe pracujące z analizatorem elektrochemicznym AUTOLAB z oprogramowaniem GPES. Opracowano podstawy instrumentalnej kontroli i modyfikacji kąpieli galwanicznych.

EN

Electroanalytical methods: cyclic voltammetry and linear voltammetry were used to investigate metal electrodeposition processes. The experiments were carried on electrochemical AUTOLAB instrument with software GPES, using solid microelec-trodes: mercury, platinum and glassy carbon. The principles of instrumental control and modification of galvanic baths have been established.

20

Struktura i właściwości metalicznych supersieci Cu/Ni i Cu/Co otrzymywanych metodą elektrochemiczną

Tokarz A., Wolkenberg A.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

|

2003

|

R. XXIV, nr 3

117--122

PL

W pracy przedstawiono elektrochemiczną metodę otrzymywania supersieci Cu/Ni i Cu/Co. Zastosowano elektrochemiczną metodę potencjostatyczną osadzania z jednego roztworu zawierającego sulfonian niklu lub siarczan kobaltu i siarczan miedzi. Przedstawiono analizę wyników badań polaryzacyjnych dla podłoża miedzianego, dla dwóch rodzajów roztworów (do osadzania supersieci Cu/Ni i Cu/Co). Określono zakresy potencjałów, w których zachodziły reakcje redukcji jonów Cu lub Ni i Co. Prawidłowość doboru potencjałów osadzania dla podwarstw supersieci sprawdzono za pomocą badań składu chemicznego (SIMS, EDX) pojedynczych warstw. Na podstawie badań XRD obliczano okres supersieci Lambda oraz określono strukturę krystalograficzną wytworzonych supersieci. Stwierdzono zależność własności magnetotransportowych i mechanicznych wraz ze zmianami w strukturze supersieci. W supersieciach o uprzywilejowanej orientacji krystalograficznej (111) stwierdzono występowanie zjawiska gigantycznej magnetorezystancji (GMR), natomiast w supersieciach bez wyraźnej uprzywilejowanej orientacji zjawiska magnetorezystancji anizotropowej (AMR).

EN

In this work the electrochemical deposition of the Cu/Ni and Cu/Co superlattices is presented. The potentiostatic electrochemical method from single electrolyte bath, based on sulphamate (Ni) and sulphate (Co, Cu), has been applied. The polarization curves for Cu substrate in the two kinds of the solution (for Cu/Ni and Cu/Co deposition) are disscused. The ranges of the deposition potentials where Cu and Ni or Co ions are reduced were established. The correctness of the Cu and Ni, Co deposition potentials for Cu/Ni and Cu/Co system was checked by SIMS and EDX methods. The correlation of the cathodic current with concentration of the Cu and Co in the single layers deposited at different potentials was investigated. The lambda period (Lamda) and crystallographic structure of the superlattices were established by X-ray investigations. The changes in the mechanical and magnetoelectrical properties due to changes in the preferential crystallographic orientations are presented. The giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) was dominant in samples with strong (111) texture and the anisotropy magnetoresistance (AMR) effect was observed in samples without any preferential crystallographic orientation.