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1

Enhancing supply chain resilience in the coal mining sector: a qualitative study

Sinaga Poltak Tarcisius, Simatupang Togar Mangihut, Basri Mursyid Hasan

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2024

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Vol. 30, No. 2

282--296

EN

This study addresses the critical need for a specialized supply chain resilience (SCR) framework tailored to the coal mining industry, an area that has received limited attention despite the sector's inherent challenges. The research aims to fill this gap by developing a resilience framework specifically designed for the coal mining sector, considering unique factors such as geological uncertainties, weather disruptions, and market volatility. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, the study conducted in-depth interviews with 22 industry professionals to gain insights into the intricacies of SCR within this context. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, resulting in the identification of five key themes crucial to enhancing resilience in the coal supply chain: Vulnerabilities, Capabilities, Engineering Resilience, Ecological Resilience, and Evolutionary Resilience-that collectively enhance the sector's ability to withstand and adapt to disruptions. The developed framework offers actionable strategies for coal mining companies to improve operational continuity, mitigate risks, and ensure long-term sustainability in a volatile market.

PL

Niniejsze badanie odnosi się do kluczowej potrzeby opracowania specjalistycznego modelu odporności łańcucha dostaw (SCR), dostosowanego do sektora górnictwa węglowego, który mimo swoistych wyzwań zyskał dotychczas niewielką uwagę badawczą. Celem pracy jest wypełnienie tej luki poprzez stworzenie modelu odporności dostosowanego do specyfiki sektora górnictwa węglowego, z uwzględnieniem unikalnych czynników, takich jak niepewność geologiczna, zakłócenia pogodowe oraz zmienność rynkowa. Wykorzystując metodologię jakościową, przeprowadzono dogłębne wywiady z 22 specjalistami z branży, aby uzyskać wgląd w złożoności SCR w tym kontekście. Dane zostały przeanalizowane za pomocą analizy tematycznej, co pozwoliło na wyodrębnienie pięciu kluczowych tematów istotnych dla wzmacniania odporności łańcucha dostaw węgla: podatności, zdolności, odporności inżynieryjnej, odporności ekologicznej oraz odporności ewolucyjnej. Elementy te wspólnie wzmacniają zdolność sektora do wytrzymywania i adaptowania się do zakłóceń. Opracowany model oferuje praktyczne strategie dla firm zajmujących się wydobyciem węgla, mające na celu poprawę ciągłości operacyjnej, ograniczenie ryzyka oraz zapewnienie długoterminowej zrównoważoności w niestabilnych warunkach rynkowych.

2

The value chain strategy for optimizing the process of drilling and using longwall gateroads in hard coal mines

Walentek Andrzej

Mining Machines

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2024

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vol. 42, iss. 1

79--89

EN

The process of gateroad development, also known as preparatory works, and then ensuring their stability throughout their lifetime, is avery important issue from the point of view of mining (extraction) operations. This article attempts to develop an optimal strategy for thegateroad development process in coal mines, based on theassumptions of the value chain model used by companies. Themodel developed is aimed not only at increasingcompetitive advantage due to a reduction in the cost of coal mining, but primarily at changing the mentality of employees and their approach to the work performed allowing for improved mining efficiency.

3

Integrated subsystems of materials and information flow for continuous manufacturing of coal and steel

Danel Roman, Gajdzik Bożena

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2024

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nr 2 (32)

174--184

EN

With the concept of Industry 4.0 production processes are moving towards autonomy and intelligence. Technologies equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) are involved into processes that are more and more digitized. Collaborative technologies are a feature of discrete processes. The automotive industry has achieved many successes in the process innovation towards smart factories. Other plants, such as smelters or coal mining are also striving to develop smart manufacturing with integrated computer systems to support processes. A continuous production is different from a discrete or batch production. Industry 4.0 concept is focused on discrete production (with high level of automation and robotization of manufacturing) meanwhile there is a gap in implementation of these approach in the continuous production. The objective of the publication is to prepare and design the integrated computer management system based on processes realized in coal and steel manufacturing. Coal and steel production are key elements in a chain of any industrial manufacturing e.g. automotive or machinery engineering. These processes are crucial in building of smart value chain. In our paper we present the structure of processes for the continuous production. Based the processes model we proposed the next steps to build the smart manufacturing for continuous production.

4

Identification of strong tremor causes for appropriate rock burst prevention in a hard coal mine

Pakosz Rafał, Wojtecki Łukasz, Mendecki Maciej J., Krzyżanowska Agnieszka

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2024

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

132--146

EN

The exploitation carried out in the Bielszowice part of the Ruda Hard Coal Mine is mainly accompanied by seismic and rock burst hazards. The occurrence of high-energy tremors may be associated with many factors, e.g., fracturing of thick layers of high-strength rocks or destruction processes of a stressed and/or thick coal seam. These factors are often combined when excavating a single longwall panel. Determining the causes of strong tremors is of fundamental importance for mining and rock burst prevention. The extraction of the 004z longwall panel in the top layer of coal seam No. 504 was designed in complex geological and mining conditions. During the mining of the 004z longwall panel, strong tremors with energies of 105 J and 106 J occurred. The analysis of the focal mechanisms of these tremors using the seismic moment tensor inversion method allowed to determine the most probable causes of their occurrence. They were mainly related to the processes of fracture and slip in the thick layers of sandstone deposited in the direct or main roof of coal seam No. 504. Therefore, active rock burst prevention was aimed mainly at fracturing high-strength roof rocks.

5

An analytical network process model for deciding on Turkiye’s Coal Mining Policy

Alpay Serafettin, Yavuz Mahmut

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2024

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T. 40, z. 3

113--134

EN

Coal is a necessary energy source for electric generation and other industrial uses. Countries that use this energy source as a domestic and natural resource should consider their coal mining policies. It is a hard task for the people who are responsible for the development and planning of investments since coal mining policy is affected by economic, political, social, national, and environmental factors. In addition; lots of sub-factors, which can be clustered under these factors, have a great impact on deciding on a coal mining policy. These factors and sub-factors are not independent from each other but also have interrelationships. This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making model for selecting the best coal mining policy in Turkiye by using the Analytical Network Process (ANP) method in which all these effective factors and their relationships are considered. Turkiye faces energy supply issues since energy demand has increased owing to rapid economic expansion, rising population, and growing industrialization. Turkiye is heavily dependent on imported energy sources such as oil, gas, and hard coal since the country’s natural energy resources are restricted to lignite and hard coal. In this respect, Turkiye needs to develop a coal mining policy according to its conditions. The main purpose of this study is to investigate Turkiye’s most appropriate coal policy by taking different perspectives and evaluating the issue as a decision problem. After the modeling studies by using ANP, it is concluded that much more coal production should be supplied by making new investments in the coal mining sector in Turkiye. The ANP method found as a useful and practical technique for deciding on mining policy problems.

PL

Węgiel jest niezbędnym źródłem energii do wytwarzania energii elektrycznej i innych zastosowań przemysłowych. Kraje wykorzystujące to źródło energii jako zasób krajowy i naturalny powinny rozważyć swoją politykę wydobycia węgla. Jest to trudne zadanie dla osób odpowiedzialnych za rozwój i planowanie inwestycji, gdyż na politykę wydobycia węgla wpływają czynniki ekonomiczne, polityczne, społeczne, narodowe i środowiskowe. Ponadto, wiele czynników cząstkowych, które można pogrupować w ramach tych czynników, ma ogromny wpływ na podejmowanie decyzji dotyczących polityki wydobycia węgla. Czynniki te i podczynniki nie są od siebie niezależne, ale również pozostają ze sobą w relacjach. W artykule zaproponowano wielokryterialny model podejmowania decyzji umożliwiający wybór najlepszej polityki wydobycia węgla w Turcji przy użyciu metody Analytical Network Process (ANP), w której uwzględniane są wszystkie te efektywne czynniki i ich relacje. Turcja stoi w obliczu problemów z dostawami energii, ponieważ zapotrzebowanie na nią wzrosło w wyniku szybkiego rozwoju gospodarczego, rosnącej liczby ludności i rosnącej industrializacji. Turcja jest w dużym stopniu uzależnione od importowanych źródeł energii, takich jak ropa naftowa, gaz i węgiel kamienny, ponieważ naturalne zasoby energetyczne kraju ograniczają się do węgla brunatnego i kamiennego. W tym zakresie Turcja musi opracować politykę wydobycia węgla zgodnie ze swoimi warunkami. Głównym celem tego badania jest zbadanie najwłaściwszej polityki węglowej Turcji poprzez przyjęcie różnych perspektyw i ocenę tej kwestii jako problemu decyzyjnego. Po badaniach modelowych z wykorzystaniem ANP stwierdzono, że znacznie większa produkcja węgla powinna zostać zapewniona poprzez nowe inwestycje w sektorze wydobycia węgla w Turcji. Metodę ANP uznano za przydatną i praktyczną technikę decydowania o problemach polityki górniczej.

6

Thermal Impact on Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Burnt Rocks of Waste Heap of Chervonohradska Coal-preparation Plant (Lviv Region, Ukraine)

Kochmar Iryna, Karabyn Vasyl, Stepova Kateryna, Stadnik Vitalii, Sozanskyi Martyn

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 1

117--133

EN

For effective waste management of mining industries is important to investigate their physical and mineralogical changes. For this purpose, X-raydiffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) methods were used. Changes in the contents of mobile forms of heavy metals in rocks were investigated using an acetate-ammonium buffer solution with a pH of 4.8 after burning rocks at a temperature of 800–850°C. The obtained data indicated the significant role of the mineral composition in the thermal behavior of the rock samples and the subsequent influence of the thermal processes on the changes in the bioavailability of heavy metals.

7

Acid Mine Drainage Prevention through the Dry Coating Method Using Fly Ash and Bottom Ash

Nugraha Hardian Aries, Setyawan Dwi, Saleh Edward

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 2

102--111

EN

Acid mine drainage poses a significant challenge in open-pit coal mining, particularly in Indonesia, necessitating the development of effective prevention and control methods. This research aimed to assess the impact of fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) coating on the mixing ratio of potentially acid-forming (PAF) and non-acid-forming (NAF) materials using a leaching column over an 8-week period. The results revealed a trend of increasing pH values and decreasing sulfate and metal concentrations in the leachate. Mixing 25% FABA in both PAF scenarios produced leachate with total concentrations of S, Fe, and Mn at 0.026 mg/L, 0.117 mg/L, and 0.677 mg/L, respectively, with a pH close to neutral (6.28). Kinetic tests indicate TDS and EC values in the resulting leachate at 1221 ppm and 2442 μs/m. This study demonstrated that PAF coating using NAF and the fly ash bottom ash (FABA) is an effective method for preventing or minimizing the generation of acid mine drainage.

8

Modernizacja układu zrzutu ciepła i klimatyzacji grupowej w PGG S.A. Oddział KWK„R0W" Ruch Rydułtowy

Stasiowski Dariusz, Gatnar Arkadiusz, Napiórkowski Mariusz

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2024

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nr 8

2--7

PL

Artykuł przedstawia proces wprowadzania zmian techniczno-organizacyjnych w układzie zrzutu ciepła i klimatyzacji grupowej w KWK „ROW" Ruch Rydułtowy. Podstawową przesłanką wprowadzania tych zmian jest ekonomia, czyli całościowe podejście do procesów schładzania wyrobisk górniczych wraz z ich optymalizacją, oraz poprawa komfortu i bezpieczeństwa pracy. Modernizacja ma ponadto na celu osiągnięcie jak najlepszej efektywności, energooszczędności i niezawodności.

EN

At the „ROW" Ruch Rydułtowy coal mine, in view of necessary improvements to the cooling effective¬ness of regions below the level of 1000, modernisation of the heat discharge system and group air-conditioning has been performed. Over the next few years, three EH series cooling units will be added to the GMC-1000 cooling unit, built in 2009. Due to the low cooling efficiency of the condensers of these units by the evaporative cooler systems, they were replaced by shell-and-tube heat exchangers serving as exchangers of thermal energy between industrial water in the primary and secondary circuits of the pipelines feeding the condenser cooling system of the coolers. As a power source for the primary circuit, water from the decommissioned Ruch Rymer was used. Because of their high levels of wear and tear, the EH series coolers were subsequently replaced with TS-1200/Z coolers and the power supply was updated. Thanks to this, the number of positions with shortened working hours has been limited along with simultaneous comfort improvement. In addition to this, coolant energy from main drainage system water was used to cool the condenser of the cooling units. Generally, thanks to the limitation in the number of machines and automation of servicing processes and maintenance of group air-conditioning sys¬tems, the number of people involved in these activities has been reduced. Everything has resulted in achieving measurable economic benefits while improving comfort and work safety.

9

Determining the Environmental Impact of Cradle to Gate in Coal-Fired Power Generation

Triatmojo Pramudita, Hadinata Febrian, Sari Tuti Indah

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 5

195--205

EN

The analysis of environmental impacts throughout the entire process of coal-fired power plants is imperative to implement effective measures for controlling and reducing pollutant emissions. However, there is still limited research focusing on the cradle-to-gate stage in the life cycle of coal-fired power plants and their environmental impact. This study employs a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to assess the environmental impacts of coal-fired power plants in South Sumatra. The primary environmental impact categories of primary emissions include CO2, SO2, NOx, and CH4. The most significant environmental impacts arise from CO2 emissions, notably 98.46% from land clearing and preparation and 86.74% from overburden removal and coal extraction. These stages primarily contribute to global warming throughout the cradle-to-gate process. Sulfur dioxide emissions from land clearing activities are the main contributor to acid rain, followed by overburden removal and coal extraction (96.51%) and coal stockpiling (1.48%), which also play a role. The release of NOx from land clearing and preparation, overburden removal, and coal stockpiling contributes to the potential for eutrophication. Land clearing and preparation have a significant impact on global warming during the coal mining and distribution stages. Practical measures such as enhancing emission reduction facilities and increasing pollutant emission standards for each process are necessary to promote environmentally friendly coal-fired power plants.

10

Time variability of methane extraction from hard coal deposits in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) in relation to geological and mining conditions

Kędzior Sławomir, Dreger Marcin

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2023

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Vol. 22. iss. 2

89--99

EN

The extraction and economical use of methane from coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland (USCB) have shown a variable tendency in recent decades, with numerous ﬂuctuations from year to year. In 2021, approximately 286 million m3 of methane was collected from coal mines, which accounted for approximately 40% of the total emissions of this gas to mine workings. Due to the fact that the economical use of coal mine methane brings environmental, economic and work safety beneﬁts, increasing its extraction is an urgent need. Trends in changes in the amount of mined methane in the entire USCB and in the deposits where the most methane was extracted in the last 25 years were analysed. The most important potential factors inﬂuencing the variability of coal mine gas extraction were taken into account, i.e. elements of the geological structure, coal extraction, methane emissions, mining and technical conditions, etc. The directions for using the collected methane and the main consumers were discussed. The aim is to indicate the most important problems faced by coal mining in terms of the capture and management of methane over the last 25 years and to outline possible solutions.

11

Influence of cutting parameters on the performance of plough during hard rock cutting in coal mining

Palaniappan Sathish Kumar, Chinnasamy Moganapriya, Pal Samir Kumar, Rathanasamy Rajasekar

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2023

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Vol. 22. iss. 3

185--194

EN

Coal ploughs have proved very successful on many faces in various parts of the world. Recently, there has been a general tendency in longwall working to increase the speed at which the machine progresses along the coal face. An increase in production rate demands enhances either due to depth of penetration or cutting speed. This, in turn, results in increasing power demand and also the force acting on an individual pick. To get maximum efficiency from a cutting machine, a number of parameters need to be investigated. The first and foremost thing of interest is naturally the pick geometry. The cutting force can be expected to depend mainly on the rack angle and clearance angle of the tool. The second parameter is the cutting depth, which when enhanced, increases the rate of advancement and, at the same time, results in enhanced cutting force. This results in large power demand and increases wear of picks. Thirdly, cutting speed, in which higher cutting speed will increase the production rate but at the same time is expected to enhance the power demand and the cutting force. This paper aims at investigating the cutting efficiency of the plough by simulating the coal cutting operation in the laboratory. The effect of three main parameters like pick geometry, cutting depth, and cutting speed, on cutting efficiency have been studied in detail. The cutting force elevates at a faster rate with an increase in depth at higher speeds. The percentage increase in force is nearly 20% for a speed increase of 20%.

12

Water Extracts from Waste Rocks of the Coal Industry of Chernvonograd Mining Area (Ukraine) – Problems of Environmental Safety and Civil Protection

Kochmar Iryna, Karabyn Vasyl

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 1

247--255

EN

The article presents the results of the research on mining production waste in the Chervonohrad Mining Area. For the first time the water extracts from certain types of waste rock, namely: burned and unburned argillite, siltstone, siliceous siltstone, coal, and sandstone were investigated. The studies covered the main chemical composition, as well as the pH and concentration of the main components of the aqueous extracts. Based on the obtained results, the properties of the investigated mining wastes were characterized, taking into account the impact on the environment. According to the obtained results, it can be stated that there is high content of Mg2+, SO42-, HCO3- in argillite and sandstone within the tericon of the central coal enrichment plant “Chervonohradska” and burnt argillite from the tericon of the Vizeyska mine.

13

Field testing of the methods for prevention and control of coal and gas outburst – a case study in Poland

Nguyen Phu Minh Vuong, Litwa Piotr, Przybylski Marek

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 68, no. 4

639--654

EN

Coal mining tends to face increasing stress and gas conditions when it extends to deeper levels. The mining-induced high stress and gas pressure concentrations often result in gasogeodynamic phenomena such as rock bursts and coal & gas outbursts. Over the last decades, these gasogeodynamic events have been observed more often in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland. With the increasing mining depth, these hazards not only become a serious safety risk but also represent a significant challenge for coal mining. In order to eliminate future hazards and improve safety in underground coal mines, it is necessary to apply particular methods for the prevention and mitigation of possible hazards during mining operations. Inaction or incorrect use of preventive measures may lead to gasogeodynamic events, which may result in accidents and material losses, thereby affecting the mine’s economic performance. Several coal mines operated by Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa S.A. (JSW group), such as Pniówek, Budryk and Zofiówka coal mines have been identified as the area most prone to rock bursts as well as coal and gas outburst. Generally, the longwall panels often experience a high degree of these mining hazards. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to examine and optimise the possibility of application of prevention methods in order to reduce the frequency and scale of dangerous gasogeodynamic phenomena such as coal and gas outburst. As a main part, the field testing of the selected preventive methods that were conducted in the JSW coal mines. Based on the obtained results, the possibility of application of an optimal method for the prevention and control of coal and gas outburst in the geo-mining conditions of the JSW coal mines was discussed. The research results could be an example for other coal mines in mine planning and designing in the gasogeodynamic (coal and gas outburst) hazard-prone conditions.

14

Rozwój systemu ścianowego Mikrus do eksploatacji cienkich pokładów węgla

Korski Jacek

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2022

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Vol. 11, iss. 1

64--73

PL

W artykule przedstawiono rozwój zmechanizowanego kompleksu ścianowego Mikrus do eksploatacji cienkich pokładów węgla kamiennego ze specjalną maszyną urabiającą z zewnętrznym, łańcuchowym systemem posuwu. Projektowanie tego systemu rozpoczęto na początku XXI. W tamtym czasie była to jedna z wielu prób efektywnego zmechanizowania wybierania cienkich pokładów węgla systemem ścianowym. Prototyp całego kompleksu ścianowego został zastosowany testowo w jednej z polskich kopalń węgla kamiennego, które ujawniły jego słabe strony. Po wprowadzeniu szeregu zmian konstrukcyjnych poprawiony kompleks został zastosowany w tej samej kopalni. Po okresie prób i nie uzyskaniu satysfakcjonujących wyników wstrzymano na pewien czas rozwój systemu, ale prowadzono analizę niepowodzeń. Po kilku latach system Mikrus z głębokimi modyfikacjami został wdrożony do eksploatacji w jednej w jednej z chińskich kopalń węgla kamiennego. Próba, w odmiennych warunkach, zakończyła się sukcesem. Na tle problemów z wybieraniem cienkich pokładów węgla systemem ścianowym w pokazano rozwój kompleksu ścianowego Mikrus.

EN

In article is described development of Mikrus low longwall system with special shearer with external chain haulage system. Previously designed in first decade of XXI century was one of trials of thin coal seams fully mechanized longwall extraction. Protype of this systems was implemented for tests in one of polish coal mine. After first trial in test longwall and faults analysis upgraded versions was implemented for next tests in this same mine but still without satisfying results. After few years improved Mikrus system was implemented in one of Chinese coal mines with very good results. In article is presented a background of fully mechanized thin coal seam extraction and way of Mikrus complex development.

15

Assessment of the Costs of Preventive Works Concerning Fire Hazard on the Example of Selected Longwalls of Two Mining Companies

Musioł Dariusz

Safety & Fire Technology

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2022

|

Vol. 59, iss. 1

182--197

EN

Aim: The article aims to present and evaluate the costs of preventive works carried out in 16 selected longwall panels in the mines of two coal mining companies. The article is based on the analysis of data made available by the companies, which the author has properly prepared to enable their comparison. Introduction: Fires occurring in coal mines are one of the more frequent technical hazards. Consequently, the mine’s ventilation departments are responsible for carrying out preventive measures to limit and minimise the fire risk. The danger of a fire in mine workings is connected not only with the possibility of exogenic fire, which is influenced by external factors such as machine and equipment failures, short-circuits in electrical installations or the possibility of a fire on transport routes, but also with endogenic fire, which the low-temperature oxidation of coal may cause with the remains left in longwall caving. The costs of prevention depend on the method of ventilation of the longwall faces and the coal’s susceptibility to spontaneous combustion. Methodology: The costs of coal mining are very high. They are related to the increasingly difficult mining conditions, which are influenced mainly by the increasing depth of exploitation and the increase in natural and technical hazards during mining work. The costs of mining within a longwall area are usually divided into the costs of starting up the longwall, its exploitation and liquidation. Within this division, more detailed cost analyses are rarely conducted. As part of the research conducted since 2015, ways of cost assessment were developed on the basis of appropriately prepared cost tables for various natural and technical hazards occurring within the ventilation hazards presented in the example discussed in the article. Based on the analyses of unit costs of fire hazard prevention elements obtained in coal companies and the developed cost tables, the costs of prevention works were compiled. The costs of prevention works were evaluated and compared for 16 longwall faces using the elaborated indices. Conclusions: Correctly applied fire hazard prevention in hard coal mines is one of the main elements of maintaining functional safety. Costs of hazard prevention in mines were usually compared together with the costs of exploitation, longwall equipment, media and crew working days. Cost tables were developed as part of the research to allow for cost assessment and determination of fire prevention cost indices.

PL

Cel: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i ocena kosztów prac prewencyjnych prowadzonych w 16 wybranych ścianach eksploatacyjnych w kopalniach dwóch spółek węglowych. Artykuł opiera się na analizie udostępnionych przez spółki danych, które zostały odpowiednio przygotowane przez autora w celu możliwości ich porównania. Wprowadzenie: Pożary występujące w kopalniach węgla kamiennego są jednymi z częściej pojawiających się zagrożeń technicznych. W związku z tym niezbędne jest prowadzenie profilaktyki ograniczającej ryzyko powstania pożarów przez działy wentylacji w kopalniach. Niebezpieczeństwo powstania pożaru w wyrobiskach górniczych dotyczy nie tylko możliwości powstania pożaru egzogenicznego, na który wpływ mają czynniki zewnętrzne związane z awariami maszyn i urządzeń, zwarciami w instalacjach elektrycznych czy możliwością powstania pożaru na drogach transportu, ale także pożaru endogenicznego, który może powstać na skutek niskotemperaturowego utleniania się węgla pozostawionego w zrobach zawałowych ścian eksploatacyjnych. Koszty prowadzonej profilaktyki są zależne od sposobu przewietrzania rejonów ścian oraz skłonności węgla do samozapalenia. Metodologia: Eksploatacja węgla kamiennego jest bardzo kosztowna ze względu na coraz trudniejsze warunki górnicze. Koszty prowadzonej eksploatacji w ramach rejonu ściany podzielone są najczęściej na koszty rozruchu ściany, jej eksploatacji i likwidacji. W tym zakresie rzadko prowadzi się bardziej szczegółowe analizy kosztów. W ramach badań prowadzonych od 2015 r. wypracowano sposoby oceny kosztów na podstawie odpowiednio przygotowanych tablic kosztowych. Bazując na analizach jednostkowych kosztów profilaktyki przeciwpożarowej, pozyskanych w dwóch spółkach węglowych oraz opracowanych tabel kosztowych, wykonano zestawienie kosztów tych działań. Wykorzystując opracowane wskaźniki kosztów, dokonano oceny i porównania kosztów prac profilaktycznych w 16 ścianach eksploatacyjnych. Wnioski: Właściwie stosowana profilaktyka zagrożenia pożarowego w kopalniach węgla kamiennego jest jednym z głównych elementów utrzymania bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego kopalni. Koszty prowadzonych działań profilaktycznych w obszarze zagrożeń występujących w kopalniach były najczęściej zestawiane wspólnie z kosztami prowadzenia eksploatacji, usprzętowienia ścian oraz mediów i roboczodniówek załogi.

16

Analiza niepewności wskaźnika emisji metanu z wydobycia węgla kamiennego w Polsce

Zasina Damian, Zawadzki Jarosław

Rynek Energii

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2022

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Nr 3

77--81

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę niepewności zrealizowaną dla wskaźnika emisji metanu z górnictwa węgla kamiennego w Polsce. Posłużono się wytycznymi międzynarodowej metodyki inwentaryzacji emisji gazów cieplarnianych oraz dostępnymi danymi pochodzącymi z pomiarów CH4 zrealizowanych w kopalniach w Polsce zarządzanych przez jedną z krajowych spółek wydobywczych. Zauważono, że wartość wskaźnika emisji CH4 oszacowane z wykorzystaniem fragmentarycznych danych może znacznie różnić się od średniej wartości wykorzystanej na potrzeby prowadzenia krajowej inwentaryzacji emisji gazów cieplarnianych, niemniej jednak oszacowanie przedziału ufności dla wskaźnika emisji oraz jego podstawowych właściwości statystycznych może znaleźć zastosowanie w oszacowaniu wielkości emisji krajowej CH4 do powietrza.

EN

The paper presents the uncertainty analysis performed for the methane (CH4) emission factor from coal mining in Poland. The analysis is carried out in line with the international guidelines on the air emission inventory. Results are obtained using the measurement data acquired from selected Polish coal mines managed by the one of coal mining companies. It is noted that the CH4 emission factor may be significantly different from the mean value applied for purposes of fulfilling of international obligations. Nevertheless, the estimation of the confidence interval along with the basic statistical properties of the emission factor can be applied for purposes of the national CH4 emission inventory elaborated under the Climate Convention.

17

Rozszerzony monitoring układów inertyzacji stosowanych w kopalniach węgla kamiennego

Mendakiewicz Grzegorz, Tuszkiewicz Mariusz, Trenczek Stanisław, Dylong Artur, Musioł Dariusz

Przegląd Górniczy

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2022

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T. 78, nr 2

1--6

PL

W artykule przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania Mobilnego Układu Pomiarowego do Monitorowania Gazów Inertnych, jako nowatorskiego urządzenia pomiarowego, umożliwiającego ciągły monitoring procesu inertyzacji, który jest obecnie jednym z podstawowych elementów profilaktyki przeciwpożarowej w kopalniach węgla kamiennego. Przedstawiono jego możliwości aplikacyjne, sposób obsługi, możliwości wykorzystania oraz sposoby pomiarów w kopalniach węgla kamiennego.

EN

The article presents the possibilities of using the Mobile Measurement System for Inert Gas Monitoring as an innovative measurement device enabling continuous monitoring of the inertization process which is currently one of the basic elements of fire prevention in hard coal mines. Its application possibilities, method of operation, possibilities of use and methods of measurement in hard coal mines are presented.

18

Shaft liquidation method adjusted for high precipitation associated with climate change impact

Szymała Jan, Całus Moszko Joanna, Janson Ewa, Sobczak Dagmara, Konsek Stanisław

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2022

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Vol. 21, iss. 3

216--227

EN

In connection with the implementation of the international project TEXMIN within the framework of the RFCS fund, a project for the liquidation of the Głowacki Shaft in Rybnik (Poland) was undertaken, which takes into account the effects of climate change, i.e. evaluation of the increase of precipitation in the region. In addition to the standard research undertaken before liquidation activities, precipitation data recorded by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management from 1995 to 2019 was collected and the precipitation variability was analysed. As a result, a method for liquidation of the shaft was selected consisting of constructing a permeable backfill column in the shaft and using a shaft pipe filled with permeable backfill material. Metallurgical aggregate was identified as a suitable backfill material, for which degradation tests, filtration coefficient tests and an assessment of its impact on water quality were carried out. It has been determined that a backfill column constructed in this manner can fulfil its function as a long-term gravity-driven water flow.

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Impact of suspension and route stabilization on dynamic parameters of self-driven mine suspended monorails

Szewerda Kamil, Tokarczyk Jarosław, Świder Jerzy, Grodzicka Aneta

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2022

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Vol. 24, no. 4

617--628

EN

Impact of the method of suspension and route stabilization of suspended monorail on forces loading the roadway roof support system is presented. This is important in the context of possible increasing the speed of monorails during personnel movement. Nature of load and displacement of the route, as well as deceleration of the transport set, with a dynamic excitation - an emergency braking of the transport set, are presented. The results are presented for seven configurations of slings and lashings stabilizing the route. The Head Injury Criterion (HIC), recorded using the Articulated Total Body (HYBRID III) model, during the impact of operator's cabin against an obstacle, is presented in the further part of the article. Analyzes are aimed at developing the guidelines to ensure safety of mining personnel (without exceeding the accepted overloads) and mining infrastructure (without exceeding the maximum accepted load of the roadway support) during operation of the suspended monorail at higher speed. Analyzes are the result of the authors numerical simulations.

20

Rozwój systemu obiegu zamkniętego wód dla procesu produkcji na przykładzie wybranych technologii wdrożonych w LW „Bogdanka" S.A.

Cieślik Łukasz, Kochaj Paweł, Osowski Dawid, Markocki Adam

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

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2022

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nr 9

9--13

PL

W zakładzie górniczym dostępność wody o odpowiedniej jakości, ciśnieniu i temperaturze jest kluczowa z punktu widzenia ciągłości ruchu. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane rozwiązania techniczne wdrożone w LW „Bogdanka" S.A., dające możliwość dostosowania wskazanych parametrów wód technologicznych do wymogów pracy urządzeń i prowadzenia ciągłego monitoringu ich parametrów. Podejmowane są też działania mające na celu wprowadzenie nowych technologii utrzymania właściwego stanu wód w procesie produkcyjnym. Z uwagi na gwałtownie malejące zasoby naturalne prowadzone na szeroką skalę działania pozwolą na wpisanie się w obecnie pożądane trendy oszczędzania wód podziemnych oraz ograniczania odprowadzania wód dołowych do otoczenia.

EN

The availability of water in mining plant in the right quality, pressure and temperature is crucial for the continuity of the plant's operation. The article presents selected technical solutions implemented at Lubelski Węgiel "Bogdanka" S.A. making possible to adjust the parameters of technological waterto the requirements of equipment and to conduct continuous monitoring of its parameters. The plant undertakes also activities aimed at introducing new technologies for maintaining proper water condition in the production process. Due to the rapidly declining natural resources, large-scale activities will allow to fit in with the currently desired trends in saving groundwater and lowering the discharge underground water into the environment.