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EN
Purpose: The primary aim of this paper is to explore the integration of Business Process Management (BPM) with ESG principles, focusing on the role of BPM maturity (BPM M) in enhancing sustainability practices. Design/methodology/approach: The article employs methods such as a literature review based on Web of Science and Scopus databases, as well as the desk research method focusing on Green BPM research. Findings: The study revealed that organizations with higher BPM M levels integrate ESG principles more effectively, demonstrating greater environmental awareness, process monitoring, and use of green performance indicators. Integrating BPM with ESG requirements addresses growing regulatory and social pressures, enabling systematic environmental impact monitoring and operational efficiency optimization. Research limitations/implications: The main research limitations stem from the use of findings presented in the report on Green BPM in Poland. These limitations primarily relate to the non-random sample of organizations that participated in the study. Practical implications: In terms of practical implications, the article provides insights for management practitioners seeking concepts that integrate process management with the requirements imposed by ESG. Social implications: The article highlights the potential of aligning BPM with ESG requirements to drive sustainable practices, contributing to broader societal goals such as environmental protection, social equity, and corporate transparency. By fostering more responsible business operations, it supports the creation of value not only for organizations but also for communities and stakeholders impacted by these processes. Originality: The originality of this article lies primarily in its integrative perspective on BPM and ESG, with a particular focus on the operational dimension. It emphasizes the importance of adopting the key concept of the business process in ESG reporting, especially within organizations. Additionally, it highlights the critical context of BPM M and presents solutions aimed at simultaneously increasing BPM M level to more effectively achieve ESG objectives.
EN
This article presents an original business-process-management (BPM) approach that integrates modern information technologies with managerial methods to enhance operational agility and organizational adaptability in a dynamic environment. The findings indicated that a harmonious integration of diverse information technologies with managerial methods significantly improved the execution of processes and enhanced organizational efficiency in achieving strategic objectives. A two-stage analysis was conducted, including a detailed review of key tools and strategies that supported essential business processes such as production, distribution, customer service, and order processing. Subsequently, the interdependencies among these processes were assessed, thus analyzing their impacts on operational flexibility and fluidity. The results suggested that an integrated approach that combines modern information technologies with managerial methods leads to significant improvements in performance, shorter lead times, optimized resource utilization, and faster responses to changing market demands. This study provides practical insights for those organizations that seek to maximize the benefits of digitalization and implement proven managerial methods to improve operational outcomes and achieve sustainable competitive advantages amid increasing competition and dynamic market changes.
EN
The heating sector is a critical focus for climate change mitigation, as it accounts for 40–50% of global energy consumption and remains a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Miejska Energetyka Cieplna sp. z o.o. (MECK), a municipal heating company in Poland, faces an urgent need to undergo green transformation in order to comply with the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). This study aims to demonstrate how business process management (BPM) can be effectively applied to support MECK’s transition toward sustainable practices, ensuring its compliance with CSRD and ESRS requirements while fostering long-term profitability and competitiveness. Through the application of BPM, MECK has successfully embedded sustainability into its operations; key achievements have included developing actionable insights for process improvements, decarbonizing operations, reducing waste, creating new sustainable products, and adhering to CSRD and ESRS reporting standards. These efforts have enhanced MECK’s ability to secure long-term profitability while significantly improving its environmental sustainability. This case study highlights the pivotal role of BPM in enabling heating companies to meet regulatory requirements and advance their sustainability agendas. MECK’s experience underscores the importance of data quality, transparency, process optimization, and continuous improvement as foundational elements for achieving sustainability goals.
EN
The main objective of this article is to present a method for improving the business processes of a bank through an illustrative case study. The presented method enables financial institutions that operate in heavily regulated markets to combine a holistic view of business-process management (BPM) with a multi-faceted analysis of the effectiveness and risks of their implemented business processes, as well as to implement selected improvements that follow the banks’ project management standards. This method combines elements of BPM and project management, which allow for a continuous analysis of the implementations of changing financial regulatory requirements and emerging opportunities (including technological ones) while prioritizing any implemented changes considering the regulator’s imposed obligations, risk mitigation, efficiency of changes, and employee development.
EN
This article explores the impacts of digital transformations and new technologies in industrial sector (particularly through the Fourth Industrial Revolution) on optimizing production processes. Characterized by key technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchains, and advanced robotics, Industry 4.0 has significantly shaped modern manufacturing management. IoT enables autonomous communications between machines and equipment, providing real-time insights into production parameters and enabling predictive maintenance, and big data plays a vital role by analyzing the large volumes of data that are generated by these devices, thus supporting informed management decisions. AI and machine learning help automate complex tasks, optimize production schedules, and improve product quality through real-time adjustments. Blockchain enables decentralized and secure data recording, which is particularly useful in supply-chain management. Advanced robotics increases production speed and accuracy, thus reducing labor costs and mitigating any risks that are associated with hazardous tasks. Integrating these technologies requires strategic planning, including identifying key challenges, conducting pilot projects, integrating with existing IT and OT systems, and managing organizational change. Measuring the effectiveness of Industry 4.0 implementation should involve well-defined key performance indicators (KPIs) and return-on-investment (ROI) analysis. The primary challenges that are associated with adopting Industry 4.0 include the alignment of technology with specific business needs, employee resistance to change, and hidden costs of implementation. In summary, industrial transformation offers opportunities for companies to optimize production processes, reduce costs, and increase competitiveness in the global marketplace. However, a careful approach is necessary to maximize efficiency, foster innovation, and secure long-term success in an increasingly digitalized world.
EN
This case study is focused on the development of the employee suggestion system at Oknoplast, a window joinery company. Based on the principles of the Kaizen philosophy, this system allows employees to make suggestions for improving the company's production processes and their work environment. In the course of the analysis, a decline in the number of suggestions that were made and a reduced rate of their acceptance were identified, which indicated the need to get to the root causes of this phenomenon using lean methodology and elements of business-process management (BPM). In response to these challenges, measures were taken that included spreading awareness among managers, promoting the employee suggestion system (ESS), training new employees, and providing technical and analytical support for process engineering; these increased the number of submitted and accepted suggestions. Visualizations of the results and transparent reports were used, which contributed to an increase in the number of submitted and successful applications. As a result, there was an increase in the acceptance rate and employee involvement in the continuous improvement process. The study showed that lean and Kaizen methods had positive impacts on the company’s organizational culture and process efficiency. The results suggested that similar solutions could be successfully adapted in other manufacturing companies regardless of the industry. The study’s conclusions underscore the importance of engaging employees and supporting their initiatives, which can be key to achieving long-term benefits and improving performance.
EN
The subject of the study was the use of BPMN in the creations and implementations of legal regulations on examples of projects that concern the reforms of public procurement law and supporting them with IT tools. The most important observation that resulted from the study is that any legal regulations that concern the proceedings are basically (business) information systems and, as such, can be reflected in BPMN as pools (participant). The method of carrying out the procedure itself can be represented using a business-process model that is recorded in BPMN notation in the form of a Collaboration diagram; on this, the “regulation” exchanges information (data) with the other entities that carry out the procedure. Precise BPMN recording ensures the unambiguity of a regulation and allows for an assessment of the effects of the regulation before its implementation. The models that were used at the analysis stage can be transformed into executable models using IT tools that support supervision over the implementation of the procedure in accordance with a given regulation; this ensures the full coherence of the regulation and its subsequent implementation (supported by IT tools). BPMN models can be an annex to the regulation and, thus, contribute to its better understanding. On the other hand, the ability to read BPMN models is becoming a core competence – not only for consultants and programmers but also for lawyers and those officials who carry out such proceedings in accordance with a given regulation.
EN
Purpose: The paper's main objective is to fill the research gap by theoretically and empirically exploring current approaches to business process improvement issues. In particular, attention is paid to the internal factors of dynamic business process improvement. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the results of a quantitative survey conducted using the CAWI technique. Respondents to the survey were middle managers representing companies in various industries where process improvement is taking place. Conclusions were drawn from a sample of 444 companies. Findings: The research conducted here made it possible to investigate and clarify aspects of dynamic business process management. The main conclusions that emerge from the results of the study allow to indicate the main internal factors which play the most significant role in dynamic process improvement. Is important to state that organisations must have certain resources in order to be able to implement dynamic process changes. They must also have certain capabilities that allow these resources to produce the desired effects. Research limitations/implications: The study targeted the perspective of middle managers, which was a key factor in selecting respondents for the study. Future research could move in the direction of expanding the pool of respondents to include other levels of management. Qualitative research, and in particular the case study method, could also prove useful in developing the topic further. Practical implications: In line with dynamic capabilities, middle managers should be oriented towards identifying the individual factors determining the company's development, arriving at synthetic, current and reliable knowledge necessary for the decision-making process, and reacting quickly to changes occurring inside and outside the organisation. Originality/value: The subject of this article is the issue of dynamic business process improvement. This is a topic that has not yet been sufficiently researched. The presented research area is interesting from a cognitive point of view and the perspective of management practice. It is part of the current research on the effectiveness of business process execution and, by extent, the effectiveness of entire organisations. It responds to the current need to react quickly to unpredictable, rapid environmental changes, which corresponds to the metaparadigm of dynamic reality.
10
Content available Fuzzy process maturity model for service enterprise
EN
Background: The purpose of this article is to present a model of process maturity assessment dedicated to service enterprises. The model developed is validated in a company in the development services sector. Methods: The implemented research methodology includes literature analysis, expert research, fuzzy set theory, and a case study. Results: The results indicate that the developed model provides a solid and practical diagnostic tool, based on a fuzzy index to measure the process maturity of a service company. Conclusions: The proposed model may have practical implications for the assessment of process maturity in the service sector. It will allow a diagnosis of the current state and will indicate the direction of further improvement in process management. From an epistemological perspective, the proposed model fills the research gap in the field of maturity models dedicated to service enterprises and extends knowledge on adapting fuzzy set theory to assessing process-orientated maturity of enterprises. The originality of the proposed approach results mainly from the research object that was used to validate the model.
EN
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study how the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic has affected the processes and performance management of medium-sized outpatient clinics in Poland. Given the novelty of the studied area and lack of relevant literature, the case study approach has been employed. Design/methodology/approach: The case study was performed at CortenMedic, a medium 17 sized outpatient clinic located in Poland. We analyzed materials obtained from CortenMedic and interviewed its management board. Following an in-depth restructuring of processes, performance management, and business processes management governance, the CortenMedic adjusted to an environment and has taken advantage of opportunities. Findings: As a result, the CortenMedic recognized outstanding results superior to those before the Sars-Cov-19 period. This study shows that the business processes management and performance management should be dynamic and follow the changes identified inside and outside the companies. The changes through Sars-Cov-19 appear very quickly and are of temporary nature. We postulate the threat of the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic can be converted by the healthcare organizations into an opportunity. Research limitations/implications: Several limitations of our research must be acknowledged. Firstly, we shall note we based our study on only one organization located in Poland. Since we do not compare our results with other Polish and European clinics, obtained in this study results might not be generalizable. Practical implications: The increased role of BPM governance in the pandemic period, as compliance with processes, especially with work safety standards, become of utmost importance, posing a thrill of infection otherwise. In this sense, the postulates of this study might be applicable to other healthcare services providers. Additionally, the results of the paper can provide guidance to a decision-maker or management staff through improving the structure of primary and secondary processes depending on the needs and expectations of a dynamic environment. Social implications: The article’s findings may still offer astute insights to researchers and practitioners who wish to consider more information regarding the importance of the BPM and PM in the healthcare sector through the business process restructuring. Originality/value: The added value of the article is the answer to the question study how the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic has affected the BPM and performance management (PM) of medium 6 sized outpatient clinics in Poland.
EN
Purpose: The basic aim of the article was to recreate the service processes architecture in the selected financial and accounting shared services centre. Two auxiliary goals (CC) have been assigned to this goal. CC1: Approximation and definition of the current state of knowledge regarding process management on the example of SSC providing accounting and financial services. CC2: Characterization of inputs, outputs and goals for the identified activities in the main service processes in the studied SSC organization. Design/methodology/approach: The following research methods were used to achieve the stated goals: quantitative bibliometric analysis, systematic literature review, statistical methods (LOESS analysis), participant observation and unstructured interview. The R programming language was used in the analysis of time series in the theoretical study. Findings: As a result of the study, the main service processes in the examined organization were identified and recreated, and their goals, inputs, outputs and sets of implemented activities were determined. On this basis, a reproduced map of selected main processes is presented, taking into account the course of activities between them. This article supplements the knowledge on the issues of service processes management in an organization identified as SSC and can set the research framework for subsequent empirical proceedings regarding the examination of the level of maturity of selected processes, the level of implementation of process orientation in SSC, as well as attempting to use the generated event logs database for exploration of processes and comparing their course with reference models. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the presented article result from the presentation of the example of one shared service centre in Poland and a limited group of respondents who, due to the data security policy in the examined organization, could take part in the study. This prevented, among others, detailed characterization of management processes and support processes related to administration, controlling, accounting, human resources and IT. Practical implications: The results presented in this article have an application value related to the map of the main SSC service processes presented, which can be discounted both by the SSC management staff and process owners in the SSC design space, measurement of processes and identification of customer-supplier relations in external and internal terms. Originality/value: The article fills the cognitive gap related to the lack of reconstruction studies, using the observation and interview method, the structure of main and auxiliary service processes in SSC, which is the basis for further research in the field of formalization, exploration, measurement and management of identified processes.
EN
The main objective of the article was to present the results of the assessment of the process maturity of the shared services centre (SSC) from the perspective of four functional areas. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions (RQ). RQ1: What is the level of process maturity of the shared services centre? RQ2: What are the similarities and differences in the assessment of the implementation of elements of the process approach from the perspective of employees employed in various departments and in various positions? Empirical proceedings were carried out using such methods as: literature review and opinion poll performed using the CAWI technique. The study employs a multi-dimensional MMPM model of process maturity assessment adapted to the specifics of the sector under study. In the summary assessment of the level of maturity, average values obtained from all respondents were adopted. On this basis, it was assessed that the examined shared services centres were classified at the fourth level of process maturity, with clear signs of development towards the fifth level – the highest one. Of the three points in this article, the first characterizes the concept of process maturity and presents selected models for its assessment. The second point characterizes the studied organization, outlines the methodological framework of the conducted empirical proceedings and presents the structure of respondents. Then, detailed results of the completed research procedure were described. The summary presents a summary assessment of the level of maturity of the surveyed organizations, and indicates limitations resulting from the adopted research methodology, as well as further research directions.
EN
EPC models are currently among the leading standard business process modelling solutions. As long as the rules for creating flat EPC models are explicit and raise no significant doubts, when it comes to linking models of different types, the literature of the subject delivers diversified solutions. Four such alternative concepts that can be applied in this respect have been identified and described in this article. They have been used to link EPC models for four cases proposed. These cases differ as to the degree of complexity, and they represent different kinds of potential links between processes being modelled. Using the concepts in question with reference to the cases defined has made it possible to identify situations in which it is impossible to link models, or when it raises certain doubts. What has also been proposed is that one of the concepts identified in the paper can be modified in such a manner that using it to link EPC models does not pose any problem in any of the cases discussed.
15
Content available Micro- vs. Macro scope simulation in BPM modelling
EN
The business structure and process development in many modern companies is assisted by architectures, frameworks, and a new generation of computer systems with a broad representation of methods and tools of design and modelling, i.e. object-oriented, event-oriented, activity-oriented, process-oriented, agent-oriented, communication-oriented, behaviour-oriented, etc. are recommended. The aim of this paper is to compare micro- vs. macro scope modelling and to investigate the relevance of micro- and/or macro simulation in the context of business process management (BPM) modelling for organizational design/redesign. The BPM modelling features and some specific issues of simulation modelling are discussed. Combined with BPM modelling methodologies, these issues are used to drive a concept for development of an integrated methodology for BPM models’ building and simulation approach in organizational BPM design/redesign projects.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę analizy funkcjonowania usług elektronicznych administracji publicznej. Opisano przykład sposobu wykorzystania rejestrów systemowych potrzebnych do analizy procesów związanych z realizacją e-usług. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na możliwości metody oraz dostępne narzędzia eksploracji procesów.
EN
This article presents the analysis of the problems in functioning electronic services of public administration. The article describes the possibility of using system logs to analyze the processes related to the implementation of e-services. Special attention in the article is paid to the possibility of process mining methods and tools.
PL
Celem tego artykułu jest dobór metod i narzędzi do modelowania procesów w zakresie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi (GOK). Czynnikiem determinującym wybór kompleksowych i szczegółowych metod/notacji jest przede wszystkim złożoność procesów zidentyfikowanych w systemie GOK i duża liczba jego uczestników. Wiarygodna analiza procesów, zrozumienie celu modelowania i zbadania dostępnych na rynku metodologii umożliwia wybranie odpowiednich metod modelowania procesów. Wybór właściwego narzędzia informatycznego wydaje się być raczej podyktowany wygodą użytkownika i jego możliwościami finansowymi. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera syntetyczny opis pojawiających się w literaturze metod modelowania i odpowiednich narzędzi, ale także określa najlepsze podejście, w opinii autora, do modelowania procesów w wybranym obszarze.
EN
The aim of this article was the selection of methods and tools for modeling processes in the area of municipal waste management (MWM). Determining factor in the choice of comprehensive and detailed methods/notation is primarily the complexity of the processes identified in the system MWM and a large number of its participants. Reliable analysis of processes, understanding the purpose of modeling and study of available on the market methodologies allows to select appropriate methods for process modeling. Choosing the right IT tool seems to have rather a matter of convenience of the user and his financial capabilities. This article contains a synthetic description appearing in the literature modeling methods and corresponding tools, but also determines the best approach, in the author's opinion, to modeling the processes in the selected area.
EN
IT tools supporting the BPM approach developed rapidly in the last 10 years. Initially were available simple solutions for modeling and optimization of business processes. The next generation has offered business process implementation and monitoring in the real environment of the organization. Finally user requirements forced vendors to add a bit of “intelligence” to their applications and iBPMS entered on the market. The iBMPS market is still immature but some trends can be seen. The source for such analysis can be found in analytical reports provided by renowned research and advisory companies. In this paper was presented analysis of BPMS and iBMPS markets based on Gartner’s Magic Quadrant reports from years: 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2015.
19
EN
Mobile devices are steadily increasing their position in the field of new inventions, such as monitoring the work of the heart. The need for monitoring and control the patients’ health, especially the aspects related to normal cardiac function (measurement of rhythm), is one of the main directions in the field of ongoing research. Development direction, determined with the advancement of technology, is to find a way of linking the technique with medicine. In this article, the conducted of analysis covered the various algorithms used in the process to determining the value of BPM, providing the heart rate. The aim of the authors was to determine the possibility of their use in relation to a variety of mobile devices, such as tablets, smartphones, and also processors for embedded devices. This task consisted of the evaluation of the signal processing by each device. In further steps, based on the data collected, the authors analysed the possibility of using the specific devices to evaluate the ECG signal recording in real time. The summary of the study was to identify the effectiveness of the detection of BPM using various algorithms on designated devices.
PL
Mobilne urządzenia stale zwiększają swoją pozycję w zakresie tworzenia nowych wynalazków, m.in. do monitorowania pracy serca. Potrzeba monitorowania i kontroli stanu zdrowia pacjenta, a zwłaszcza aspektów związanych z prawidłową pracą serca (pomiarem jego rytmu) jest jednym z podstawowych kierunków w zakresie prowadzonych prac badawczych. Kierunkiem rozwoju wyznaczanym wraz z postępem technologii jest znalezienie drogi łączącej technikę z medycyną. Analizując te potrzeby, w ramach niniejszego artykułu poddano analizie różne typy algorytmów wykorzystywane w procesie wyznaczania wartości HR, świadczące o częstotliwości pracy serca. Celem autorów było określenie możliwości ich wykorzystania w odniesieniu do różnorodnych urządzeń mobilnych typu: tablet, smartfon, a także w procesorach urządzeń wbudowanych. Realizacja tego zadania polegała na ocenie czasu przetwarzania sygnału przez poszczególne urządzenia. Na dalszych etapach, w oparciu o zgromadzone dane, analizie poddano możliwość wykorzystania wybranych urządzeń w ocenie zapisu sygnału EKG w czasie rzeczywistym. Podsumowaniem przeprowadzonych badań było wskazanie skuteczności wykrywania HR, poprzez zastosowanie wybranych algorytmów, na wyznaczonych urządzeniach.
EN
Business process management in an enterprise is an approach to management that concentrates on optimizing the ways business processes in organisation’s run. The business process maturity of the organization is one of the success factors. From this perspective, the constant advancing the process maturity level is the relevant economic task and the area is still an important issue requiring investigation. The article presents the results of empirical research - the survey was conducted in 2015 on a group of 138 enterprises in Poland. The main aim of this article is the identification and analysis of business process maturity in small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland, as well as finding the areas that require the intensification of process management.
PL
Zarządzanie procesami biznesowymi w przedsiębiorstwie jest podejściem do zarządzania, które koncentruje się na optymalizacji sposobów, w jakich przebiegają procesy biznesowe w organizacji. Dojrzałość procesów biznesowych w organizacji jest jednym z czynników sukcesu. Z tego punktu widzenia ciągłe pogłębianie poziomu dojrzałości procesów jest istotnym zadaniem ekonomicznym i obszar ten jest nadal ważnym zagadnieniem wymagającym badania. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych - badanie zostało przeprowadzone w 2015 roku na grupie 138 przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest identyfikacja i analiza dojrzałości procesów biznesowych w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach w Polsce, jak również znalezienie obszarów, które wymagają intensyfikacji zarządzania procesami.
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