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  1. 6 Economics and Environment
  2. 6 Operations Research and Decisions
  3. 4 Archives of Mining Sciences
  4. 4 Management and Production Engineering Review
  5. 3 Ekonomia i Środowisko
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  1. 3 Roszkowska E.
  2. 2 Ersoy Yusuf
  3. 2 Filipowicz-Chomko M.
  4. 2 Maleki M.
  5. 2 Roszkowska Ewa
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  1. 10 2024
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1
Content available Sustainability modeling in energy and labor intensity of manufacturing processes
Depczyński Radosław
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2024
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nr 80 (152)
32--45
EN
The manufacturing sector plays a pivotal role in global economic growth and improving living standards. However, it faces significant challenges related to environmental degradation and resource depletion due to traditional manufacturing processes. This paper aims to explore the optimization of production processes within the context of sustainable development, focusing on energy intensity, labor intensity, and ergonomics. Through a systematic literature review, the author analyzes various multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methods applicable to manufacturing, assessing their effectiveness in addressing sustainability challenges. This research reveals that the MCDM approaches can effectively balance the interrelated aspects of energy consumption, labor management, and ergonomic design, leading to enhanced production efficiency and reduced environmental impact. The author hypothesizes that the integration of the MCDM methods will result in improved decision-making processes that foster sustainability in the manufacturing industry. The findings of this study contribute to the ongoing discourse on sustainable manufacturing practices and provide a foundational framework for future research in this area.
2
Content available Exploration and implementation of a smart tourism destination with the 6As framework & TOPSIS (case study: Wakatobi, Indonesia)
Agustan, Rianse Usman, Sukotjo Endro, Faslih Arman
Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
|
2024
|
Vol. 33, No. 4
419--442
EN
Wakatobi represents huge potential for smart tourism due to the rich natural, cultural, and man-made resources available. The objective of the research is to identify and analyze the tourism potential of Wakatobi by using the 6As framework (attractions, accessibility, amenities, available packages, activities, and ancillary services) and applying the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to rank the potential tourist destinations. Field observations, collection of secondary data, and stakeholder interviews were conducted to arrive at comprehensive data on the tourism assets of the islands. The result of the exploration successfully recorded 160 attractions in the form of geographical destinations and activities with a variety of visitor facilities around them, which were measured using the 6As framework. The TOPSIS results indicated that Wangi-Wangi Island had the highest rank (0.87) in overall tourism potential compared to the others due to better infrastructural conditions, diverse attractions, and better facilities. Furthermore, it revealed major discrepancies among the islands, thus requiring focused improvements related to accessibility and services for less developed areas like Kaledupa (0.28), South Kaledupa (0.26), and Tomia (0.25). This study provides the basic insights for policymakers and stakeholders to invest in the right areas to ensure balanced and inclusive growth, increasing the tourism attractiveness of Wakatobi with a focus on sustainability and community involvement.
3
Content available Decision-makers’ behavioral characteristics and multiple criteria decision-aiding : impact of decision-making style and experience on methods’ use, evaluation, and recommendation
Wachowicz Tomasz, Roszkowska Ewa, Filipowicz-Chomko Marzena
Operations Research and Decisions
|
2024
|
Vol. 34, No. 3
287--323
EN
The study aims to identify relationships among selected behavioral characteristics of decision-makers (DMs), i.e., experience in making complex decisions, decision-making style, and ability to use various multiple criteria decision-aiding (MCDA) methods coherently, and their impact on the evaluation of the latter functionality and recommendations for future use. The relationships were verified using experimental data through a structural equation model (SEM) and cluster analysis for three MCDA methods, i.e., AHP, SMART, and TOPSIS. One of the strongest effects identified by SEM was observed between coherence in methods’ use and the DM’s opinion on their functionality. DM’s satisfaction and future willingness to use MCDA tools are related to the positive experience gained from using these tools in advance. Decision-making styles shape method selection, with TOPSIS favored by highly experienced DMs, SMART by highly rational, and AHP by those with low experience and a rational approach.
4
Content available remote Wielokryterialna ocena wariantów modernizacji systemu zaopatrzenia w wodę - przykładowa analiza w oparciu o model symulacyjny oraz QGIS
Jany Artur Marcin, Bylka Jędrzej, Brodziak Rafał, Mróz Tomasz
Instal
|
2024
|
nr 3
47--55
PL
W pracy dokonano analizy przypadku modernizacji systemu zaopatrzenia w wodę wybranego fragmentu obszaru miejskiego. Punktem wyjścia do rozważań rozbudowy systemu było zebranie informacji o stanie obecnym. Przedstawiono proces budowy komputerowego modelu hydraulicznego, na przykładzie pokazano w jaki sposób można zastosować GIS w celu integracji informacji pochodzących z różnych baz danych. W pracy wskazano, w jaki sposób określić przyszłe wymagania systemu zaopatrzenia w wodę w kontekście zmian demograficznych. Dla tak zidentyfikowanych wymagań zaproponowano trzy warianty rozbudowy systemu, wszystkie spełniające podstawowe wymagania stawiane systemom wodociągowym w Polsce. W celu wskazania najkorzystniejszego z rozwiązań zdefiniowano kryteria, dla każdego wariantu obliczano oceny cząstkowe. W celu dokonania końcowego wyboru zastosowano metodę wielokryterialnej analizy decyzji TOPSI. Wszystkie obliczenia i analizy wykonano z użyciem oprogramowania EPANET oraz QGIS. Praca pokazuje kompleksowe podejście do modernizacji systemu zaopatrzenia w wodę, wykorzystując narzędzia komputerowe.
EN
The work analyzes the case of modernization of the water supply system of a selected part of an urban area. The starting point for considering the expansion of the system was collecting information about the current state. The process of building a computer hydraulic model is presented, with an example showing how GIS can be used to integrate information from various databases. The paper shows how to determine the future requirements of the water supply system in the context of demographic changes. For the requirements identified in this way, three variants of system expansion were proposed, all of which meet the basic requirements for water supply systems in Poland. In order to indicate the most advantageous solution, key evaluation criteria were defined, and partial scores were calculated for each variant. To make the final selection, the Topsis multi-criteria decision analysis method was used. All calculations and analyzes were performed using EPANET, QGIS software.
5
Content available Weight Impact on Comparative Evaluation of Topographic Data
Borkowska Sylwia, Bielecka Elżbieta, Pokonieczny Krzysztof
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
|
2024
|
Vol. 18, no. 4
97--116
EN
The paper addresses the problem of weighting in an analysis that supports the selection of a categorical data set according to user needs. Using the Relative Change (RC) of the Compound Correspondence Index (CCI), it is shown that weights have a significant impact on user choice – reaching extreme values in both urbanized and forested areas. Decreasing the weights from 0.25 to 0.17 in forested and built-up areas resulted in the maximum variations that were seen in the hot spot maps, with cold areas generally corresponding to builtup regions and hot areas to forested areas. The analysis covers seven counties that are located in different regions of Poland: Pomerania, Podlasie, Mazovia, Greater Poland and the Beskidy Mountains.
6
Content available Gerontechnology ranking using the TOPSIS methods
Halicka Katarzyna, Gola Arkadiusz
Engineering Management in Production and Services
|
2024
|
Vol. 16, no. 1
93--103
EN
Population ageing is a major challenge affecting the future of science and technology policy and governance in industrialised societies. In this context, a key element is ensuring adequate protection, safety and care for older people when needed. The solution to enable active and healthy ageing is innovative technologies called gerontechnologies, which support older people. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the systematic analysis and evaluation of gerontechnologies, which requires research in theoretical and empirical aspects. There is a need to focus on developing and supporting gerontechnologies to help older people reach their full potential in different spheres of life. Research should focus on analysing these technologies, their effectiveness and their impact on the quality of life of older people. This paper evaluates, analyses and builds a ranking of several selected technologies: (1) the wheelchair based on artificial intelligence Wheelie7, (2) the humanoid Rudy Robot, and (3) the wristband/watch VitalBand. The research was conducted in Poland. Based on a literature review, the authors identified relevant technologies to improve the quality of life of older people. These technologies were then assessed by people over 40 against various criteria. This age group was chosen because the issues of gerontechnology concern these people now in the context of their parents using the technology and being potential users of gerontechnology in 20–30 years. The study answered the following research questions: (1) What are the criteria for evaluating technologies that enhance the quality of life for older individuals? (2) How were the selected gerontechnologies evaluated? (3) How should the TOPSIS method be applied to build a ranking of gerontechnologies? (4) Which of the selected gerontechnologies was rated the highest by potential users?
7
Content available Sustainable development of functional urban areas of voivodship’s capital cities in Poland
Busłowska Anna
Economics and Environment
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2024
|
No. 2
art. no. 720
EN
Current global threats and changes undoubtedly justify conducting studies of sustainable development (SD) in different aspects. Researching this phenomenon in urban areas is important to formulate more accurate and important conclusions for urban policy. The aim of the paper is to assess the diversity of SD of FUAs of voivodship’s capitals in Poland, also with the level of development in different dimensions of sustainable development. The study, using the TOPSIS method, was conducted for 17 FUAs. This allowed us to assess that the level of differentiation of SDin studied FUAs is rather small. The highest levels of SD indices were observed in FUAs: Warsaw, Wrocław, the lowest in FUAs: Katowice-Gliwice and Łódź. Moreover, 65% of the studied units belong to the lower middle and lower-level classes of SD. It was also observed that the lowest result of SD indices was in the environmental-spatial dimension (in over 40% of studied FUAs).
PL
Aktualne globalne zagrożenia i zmiany niewątpliwie uzasadniają prowadzenie badań nad zrównoważonym rozwojem w różnych aspektach. Badanie tego zjawiska na obszarach miejskich jest istotne dla formułowania trafnych i istotnych wniosków dla polityki miejskiej. Celem artykułu jest ocena zróżnicowania zrównoważonego rozwoju MOF ośrodków wojewódzkich w Polsce ogólnie oraz w głównych wymiarach zrównoważonego rozwoju: społeczno-instytucjonalnym, ekonomicznym i środowiskowo-przestrzennym. Badanie dotyczy 17 MOF ośrodków wojewódzkich w Polsce i wykorzystano w nim dane GUS. Do przeprowadzenia badań wykorzystano metodę TOPSIS. Pozwoliło to ocenić, że poziom zróżnicowania zrównoważonego rozwoju pomiędzy MOF jest raczej mały, a największy jego poziom reprezentują obszary funkcjonalne dużych ośrodków miejskich, np.: Warszawy, Wrocławia, etc. Ponadto aż 65% badanych obiektów należy do średniej niższej i niskiej klasy zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zaobserwowano także, że wśród wymiarów zrównoważonego rozwoju, najsłabszy wynik MOF osiągały w wymiarze środowiskowo-przestrzennym (ok. 40% MOF).
8
Content available Evaluating the landfill leachate quality using leachate pollution index (LPI) and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)
Tałałaj Izabela Anna, Hajduk Sławomira
Economics and Environment
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2024
|
No. 1
art. no. 667
EN
Variability and diversity of landfill leachate cause difficulties in assessing the actual degree of threat to the environment and selecting an appropriate method of disposal or treatment. Therefore, quantifying leachate contamination potential is essential in landfill management and could be used to assess the accuracy of landfill operation and its impact on surrounding areas. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the performance of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method and its suitability in determining leachate pollution potential in comparison to the Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) method. For this purpose, the quality of leachate from the landfill, collected four times a year from 2004 to 2021, was analysed. The following parameters were monitored: pH, EC, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg. On the basis of the measured parameters, the LPI and TOPSIS indexes were calculated. The obtained results indicated that the TOPSIS method is more sensitive and accurate in observing changes in leachate quality. It can be applied to any number of contaminant parameters without restrictions on scope, quantity, or their relative importance. It can also be used to compare the variations in leachate quality over time or to analyse differences in leachate quality among various landfill sites.
PL
Zmienność i zróżnicowanie jakości odcieków składowiskowych stanowi trudność zarówno w ocenie stopnia zagrożenia przez nie środowiska jak i w doborze odpowiedniej metody ich unieszkodliwiania lub oczyszczania. Dlatego ilościowe określenie potencjału zanieczyszczenia odciekami jest niezbędne w zarządzaniu składowiskami i może być wykorzystane do oceny prawidłowości eksploatacji składowiska oraz jego wpływu na otaczające obszary. Celem pracy była ocena skuteczności metody TOPSIS (Technique for Order preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) oraz jej przydatności w określaniu potencjału zanieczyszczenia odcieków w porównaniu do metody LPI (Leachate Pollution Index). Analizie poddano jakość odcieków pobieranych w latach 2004–2021 ze składowiska odpadów komunalnych. Do badań przyjęto 7 wskaźników fizyczno‑chemicznych odcieków (pH, EC, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Hg) i w oparciu o ich wielkości obliczono indeksy LPI i TOPSIS na przestrzeni 18 lat. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że metoda TOPSIS jest bardziej czuła i pozwala na szczegółową i dokładną obserwację zmian jakości odcieków. Może być stosowana dla dowolnej liczby wskaźników zanieczyszczeń bez ograniczeń co do zakresu, ilości i wagi tych wskaźników. Metodę TOPSIS można również wykorzystać do porównywania zmienności jakości odcieków w czasie lub do analizy różnic w jakości odcieków z różnych składowisk.
9
Content available The Analysis of Support Systems of Underground Stormwater Basin Using a Multi-Criteria Analysis and Modeling
Mariame Bouchaqour, Ouadif Latifa, Bahi Lahcen
Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
|
2024
|
Vol. 25, iss. 1
101--114
EN
This paper illustrates the importance of integrating buried stormwater ponds into underground development plans using a multi-criteria analysis and modeling for the selection of support in urban underground constructions, applied to the case study of buried stormwater ponds. This study underlines the importance of careful planning and the use of the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in the selection of support for underground stormwater basins in urban environments. The TOPSIS method led to the selection of diaphragm walls as the optimum solution, illustrating its effectiveness in evaluating alternatives based on a variety of criteria. diaphragm wall modeling using robot structural analysis (RSA) software validated this choice and accurately predicted the structure’s behavior, underlining the importance of numerical tools in engineering decision-making. The analysis of wall displacements, carried out using these tools, confirmed their compliance with standards, validating the choice of cast walls and highlighting the need for continuous monitoring to guarantee the stability of the structures.
10
Content available Symbiotic design and numerical methods of industrial architecture and urban landscape in the context of sustainable development
Zu Beibei, Cao Wen, Fan Haixia
Archives of Civil Engineering
|
2024
|
Vol. 70, nr 4
11--28
EN
The status quo of low sustainability of urban landscape symbiosis design programme and low referability of the corresponding comprehensive evaluation method, the study will take the environmental and ecological value as the symbiosis goal to design the urban landscape. The study constructs a comprehensive evaluation model of industrial heritage urban landscape ecology, researches each index affecting landscape ecology, and determines the weight of each influence index by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The maximum influence factors of the four criteria layers of emotion, culture, material and ecology are pleasure, obvious cultural symbols, appropriate scale and microclimate regulation, and the corresponding values are 0.313, 0.404, 0.315 and 0.495, respectively. Compared with that before the introduction of the self-organised neural network fusion K-Means clustering algorithm, the ecological evaluation scores of the urban landscape of the industrial heritage are much closer to the real situation, and the overall error is much higher. The ecological evaluation model of industrial heritage buildings is closer to the real situation, and the overall error fluctuation is 0.012-0.020. The precision-recall curve of the comprehensive evaluation model of industrial heritage buildings is more advantageous than that of other comprehensive evaluation models. The results of the study provide a scientific reference basis for the design of the external landscape environment of industrial heritage buildings, and provide a strong scientific support for the ecological symbiosis between old industrial buildings and the environment under the concept of sustainability.
11
Content available An approach to technological equipment selection for measuring railway track geometry
Bureika Gintautas
Transport Problems
|
2023
|
T. 18, z. 3
127--136
EN
The most-used railway track geometry measurement systems are considered in this study. The advantages and disadvantages of considered systems and the necessity and application of these technologies in European railways were examined. The decisive factors of the operation of measurement equipment were considered. Real-time railway track condition monitoring systems were evaluated by 14 experts according to a scale of 13 criteria. Questionnaire data were processed using Kendall’s rank correlation method, and the mean ranks were normalized using the average rank transformation into weight method. The most relevant evaluation criteria describing the principles of operation and quality of the most promising technologies were defined. The most important criteria for assessing the suitability of technologies were determined by applying the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. Finally, basic conclusions and recommendations were formulated.
12
Content available Scenario planning as a new application area for TOPSIS
Gaspars-Wieloch Helena
Operations Research and Decisions
|
2023
|
Vol. 33, No. 2
23--34
EN
TOPSIS is a well-known approach applied to multi-criteria decision-making under certainty (M-DMC). However, recently, some analogies between this domain and scenario-based one-criterion decision-making under uncertainty (1-DMU) have been revealed in the literature. Thus, the similarities aforementioned give the possibility to adjust TOPSIS to another area. The goal of the paper is to create a new method for problems with non-deterministic parameters on the basis of TOPSIS ideas. In the suggested approach criteria weights (declared within TOPSIS) are replaced by subjective chances of occurrence which are estimated for each scenario. The novel method has an advantage over existing classical decision rules designed for 1-criterion decision-making under uncertainty since within this procedure each payoff connected with a given option is compared with the positive and negative-ideal solutions.
13
Content available Relationship marketing orientation in healthcare organisations with the AHP method. Internal and external customer perspective
Ersoy Yusuf, Tehci Ali
Operations Research and Decisions
|
2023
|
Vol. 33, No. 1
35--45
EN
Adopting the relationship marketing approach in health institutions and evaluating the weights of its dimensions will benefit the effectiveness of marketing strategies. This study aimed to determine the critical levels of relationship marketing orientation components in private health institutions using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In the study, relationship marketing orientation was evaluated according to six criteria in line with the opinions of five experts for employees and 20 people who previously benefited from health services for their customers. As a result, the criterion with the highest priority value was communication with 0.259, and the best health company A. Furthermore, the AHP method results were compared with TOPSIS, EDAS, and CODAS methods. In addition, the Spearman Correlation method was used to determine the correlation between the results.
14
Content available Integrating queue theory and multi-criteria decision-making tools for selecting roll-over car washing machine
Ozcalici Mehmet
Operations Research and Decisions
|
2023
|
Vol. 33, No. 2
99--119
EN
The study aims to develop a decision-making framework by integrating queuing theory and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tools, namely TOPSIS, EDAS, CoCoSo, and TODIM to select a roll-over car washing machine for an oil station. The queue, technical and financial characteristics of the alternatives are added to the decision-making process. The decision matrix includes five criteria and five alternatives. One million weight sets are created randomly, and MCDM techniques are applied to interpret the results statistically. Results indicate that Alternative 3 is statistically superior to the others. The proposed procedure can help decision makers to make decisions when expert knowledge isn’t available, and it can be applied for other purposes by making small changes.
15
Content available Multi-criteria decision support methods for the selection of the optimum contractor: A case study of a passenger transfer centre
Łopatka Paweł, Tłuczak Agnieszka, Jadach Robert
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
|
2023
|
Vol. 8, No. 2
219--228
EN
Purpose: The main purpose of the paper is to apply the TOPSIS method for selecting the optimal contractor for a passenger transfer center. Methodology: The methodology is based on the use of TOPSIS, which determines the distance of decision alternatives from the ideal and anti-ideal solutions using evaluation criteria. Results: Two different contractor rankings were obtained depending on the weights of the criteria. With equal weights, the best contractor is number 5, while with weights determined by formula (8), the best is number 4. Theoretical Contribution: The paper contributes to the field of investment project management by demonstrating how the TOPSIS method can aid in decision-making for optimal contractor selection, thereby reducing the risk of erroneous decisions. Practical Implications: The practical implications of this research are significant for investment projects, as the demonstrated methodology can be directly applied to the contractor selection process, potentially leading to more successful project outcomes.
16
Content available Application of MCDM/MCDA methods in city rankings - review and comparative analysis
Ogrodnik Karolina
Economics and Environment
|
2023
|
No. 3
132--151
EN
The priority objective of this study is to identify the most popular MCDM/MCDA methods typically used to create city rankings and to conduct a comparative analysis of the selected methods. In the first part, a literature review was prepared, on the basis of which it was established that the fol-lowing methods were most commonly used to assess cities: TOPSIS, AHP and PROMETHEE. In addi-tion, the above city rankings usually pertained to the subject of sustainable development and the concept of smart city. In the subsequent empirical part, a ranking of Polish cities was created using PROMETHEE and TOPSIS methods, which enabled a comparative analysis of these methods; espe-cially in terms of the algorithm, data selection, as well as the possibility of integration with other methods.
PL
Priorytetowym celem badania jest identyfikacja najpopularniejszych metod MCDM/MCDA stosowanych do tworzenia rankingów miast, jak również analiza porównawcza wybranych metod. W pierwszej części opracowano przegląd literatury, na podstawie którego, wykazano, że dotychczas do oceny miast najczęściej stosowano metody: TOPSIS, AHP oraz PROMETHEE. Ponadto, tworzone rankingi miast dotyczyły zazwyczaj tematyki zrównoważonego rozwoju oraz koncepcji smart city. Następnie, w części empirycznej, opracowano ranking polskich miast przy użyciu PROME-THEE oraz TOPSIS, co umożliwiło dokonanie analizy porównawczej tych metod, szczególnie w zakresie algorytmu, doboru danych, jak również możliwości integracji z innymi metodami.
17
Content available Investigations on Tribological Behaviour of Titanium Dioxide Particles Filled Al-0.6Fe-0.5Si Alloy Composite using TOPSIS Approach
Kailainathan S., Ezhilan M., Alagarsamy S.V., Chanakyan C.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2023
|
Vol. 68, iss. 4
1429--1438
EN
Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) playing a prominent part in the aerospace and automotive sectors owing to their superior mechanical and tribological properties. Hence, the aim of this work is to investigate the effect of titanium dioxide (10 wt.% TiO2) particles addition on hardness and tribological behaviour of Al-0.6Fe-0.5Si alloy (AA8011) composite manufactured by stir casting method. The surface morphology of developed composite clearly shows the inclusion of TiO2 particles evenly distributed within the matrix alloy. Hardness of the composite was measured using Vickers micro hardness tester and the maximum hardness was obtained at 95.6 Hv. A pin-on-disc tribometer was used to carried the wear test under dry sliding conditions. The influence of wear control parameters such as applied load (L), sliding speed (S) and sliding distance (D) were taken as the input parameters and the output responses considered as the specific wear rate (SWR) and co-efficient of friction (COF). The experimental results were analyzed using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Preferred Solution (TOPSIS). Based on the TOPSIS approach, the less SWR and COF achieved at the optimal parametric combination were found to be L = 30 N, S = 1 m/s and D = 2000 m. ANOVA results revealed that applied load (76.01%) has the primary significant factor on SWR and COF, followed by sliding speed (20.71%) and sliding distance (3.12%) respectively. Worn surface morphology was studied using SEM image of confirmation experiment specimen to understand the wear mechanism.
18
Content available European integration and development of the EU-10 countries in view of selected social phenomena
Smolińska Kinga, Józefowicz Karolina, Bednárová Lucia
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2022
|
z. 157
509--522
EN
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to determine the level of development in the EU-10 countrie in view of social phenomena. Design/methodology/approach: the TOPSIS method was applied to rank countries in terms of social phenomena – the list comprised countries, which in 2004 accessed the EU. The paper focused on social phenomena, i.e. health, the labour market, housing, demography and education. Findings: It refers to the basic assumptions and the importance of integration in the international context as well as the related theories. Moreover, it presents the relationship between integration and the level of development in countries in terms of the social aspects. At the same time it discusses the process of social changes which have taken place in the Central and Eastern European countries (CEESs) since their accession to the European Union. Research limitations/implications: The text discusses problems related to the European integration and social development in the EU countries. Practical implications: The manuscript concerns social development in the EU-10 countries and European integration. It may be of interest for the broadly understood governmental sector. Social consequences: Conducted studies will constitute the basis for the development of European and national development strategies in terms of improvement of welfare for the populations, while also indicating the direction of changes and ensuring comparability of the results concerning transformations in the countries, which accessed the EU in 2004. Originality/value: The originality of the study will stem from the application of the TOPSIS method, required to classify the countries and to determine the standard of their development in terms of social phenomena.
19
Conceptual approach to valuation of climate change in EU countries through the prism of economic activities
Stankevičienė Jelena, Borisova Jelena
Rynek Energii
|
2022
|
Nr 5
80--88
EN
In our days' countries pursue not just to have higher or maintain economic growth, but society faces another challenge – to combat climate change: to slower increase of global temperature by decreasing amount of green gas emission. Globalization processes have increased green gas emission. The problem of climate change becomes an overall problem of all countries, as green gas emissions produced by any country has an overall impact on environment of the earth. Public administration and public policies face the problem how to combat climate change not constraining the economy too much. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the extent to which EU countries are affected to climate change according economic and social factors of countries that can be seen as drivers of green gas emissions. The study relates green gas emission intensity to the extent to which the country is possible to be exploded to climate change according to its data on industry, energy, waste, and agriculture of EU countries. TOPSIS method is used to rank EU countries in combating climate change. The conceptual approach to ranking climate change through the prism of countries economic activities is developed. There are some research limitations – statistical data on the industry, energy, waste, agriculture is limited in order to fulfil the tasks of the research.
20
Content available remote Effect of novel grain refiner and Ni alloying additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 HPDC castings – optimization using Multi Criteria Decision making approach
Apparao K. Ch., Bannaravuri Praveen Kumar, Pulisheru Kumar Swamy, Francis E. D., Sunny Kalakanda Alfred, Babu Rao Gadudasu, Daniel P. Freedon, Kumar Birru Anil
Materials Science Poland
|
2022
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Vol. 40, No. 1
9--24
EN
Studies dealing with process improvement of aluminum alloys and their grain structure refinement are the current area of interest in casting companies and foundries, the aim being to enhance the properties of the base metal. In this study, the microstructural and mechanical properties of commercial Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 alloy die castings influenced by different additions of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, and 1.0 wt.%) as a new grain refiner and Al-6Ni master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, and 5.0 wt.%) as an alloying element have been investigated. A multi-criteria decision-making approach for the improvement of the die casting process was performed using grey relational analysis (GRA) and TOPSIS analytical techniques. It was observed that the primary aluminum α-grains were significantly refined, particularly at the lower addition level 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C, and conversely, poor grain refining efficiency was observed at a higher addition level 1.0 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C. Due to the refinement by Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C grain refiner and the effect of Ni alloying element additions, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness (Brinell and micro) of the Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4alloy are improved, particularly at 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C and 0.5 wt.% of Al-6Ni master alloys. Quantitatively, UTS, Brinell hardness, and microhardness values have been increased by 12.3%, 7.0%, and 20%, respectively.
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