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1

Wpływ wielkości frakcji napełniacza w postaci mączki z łupin orzechów na właściwości kompozytu WPC na bazie polipropylenu

Chmielnicki Błażej, Lenartowicz-Klik Marta, Gajlewicz Izabela, Jurczyk Sebastian, Chmielnicka Ewelina

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2025

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T. 104, nr 12

1312--1317

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości fizykomechanicznych kompozytów WPC (wood plastic composites) na osnowie polipropylenu napełnionych mączką uzyskaną z łupin orzechów laskowych lub z łupin orzechów włoskich. W badaniach zastosowano mączki o składzie frakcyjnym: 0-200 μm oraz 315-443 μm. WPC scharakteryzowano za pomocą pomiaru wskaźników szybkości płynięcia i gęstości. Właściwości mechaniczne kompozytu określono za pomocą prób rozciągania. Omówiono obecne zastosowania i aspekty środowiskowe kompozytów polipropylenowych typu WPC na bazie łupin orzechów, biorąc pod uwagę możliwość przetwarzania i aspekty ekonomiczne.

EN

Polymer-wood composites based on polypropylene were prepd. with the addn. of 30-50% by mass of hazelnut or walnut flour. Flour with grain sizes of 0-200 μm and 315-443 μm was used. The injection-molded composites were analyzed for mech. properties (tensile test, stiffness modulus), rheological properties (mass and volume melt flow rate), and d. The decompn. temp. of the nutshell flour was also detd. by TGA anal. within the temp. range of 25-900°C. Materials prepd. with the addn. of nutshell flour exhibited similar properties to composites filled with traditional wood flour. TGA studies of the nutshell flour demonstrated greater resistance to degradation at elevated temp. compared to traditional wood flours, particularly those derived from coniferous trees.

2

Ocena morfologii próbek materiałów wysokoenergetycznych otrzymanych na bazie saletry amonowej oraz mieszaniny oleju napędowego z nadtlenkiem wodoru

Biessikirski Andrzej, Dworzak Michał, Ziąbka Magdalena, Polak Krzysztof, Pytlik Mateusz, Napruszewska Bogna D., Kuterasiński Łukasz

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2025

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T. 104, nr 9

872--878

PL

Przedstawiono wstępną ocenę możliwości zastosowania mieszaniny oleju napędowego z nadtlenkiem wodoru (FOHP) do otrzymywania próbek materiałów wysokoenergetycznych na bazie azotanu(V) amonu (AN). Przeanalizowano potencjalny wpływ obecności nadtlenku wodoru na właściwości morfologiczne uzyskanych próbek. Analiza mikroskopii skaningowej (SEM) wykazała brak negatywnego oddziaływania nadtlenku wodoru na powierzchnię krystaliczną azotanu(V) amonu. Zaobserwowano, że mieszanina FOHP tworzy cienką warstwę filmu olejowo-nadtlenkowego, pokrywającą zarówno powierzchnię krystaliczną AN, jak i obecne na niej defekty strukturalne. Badania dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej (XRD) potwierdziły, że obecność nadtlenku wodoru nie wpływa na strukturę krystaliczną azotanu(V) amonu. Analiza termograwimetryczna i różnicowa analiza kalorymetryczna (TG/ DSC) ujawniły dodatkowy efekt endotermiczny w temperaturze ok. 80°C w próbkach zawierających nadtlenek wodoru. Zarówno badania morfologii strukturalnej, jak i obliczenia termodynamiczne potencjalnych właściwości detonacyjnych analizowanych próbek wskazują na możliwość zastosowania nadtlenku wodoru jako dodatku w produkcji materiałów wysokoenergetycznych.

EN

High-energy materials were prepared by adding a mixt. of diesel fuel and H₂O₂ (FOHP) to NH₄NO₃. The effect of H₂O₂ on the physicochem. properties of the obtained materials was analyzed using SEM, XRD, and TG/DSC. SEM anal. showed no adverse effect of H₂O₂ on the crystal surface of NH₄NO₃. XRD anal. confirmed that H₂O₂ did not change the crystal structure of NH₄NO₃. TG/DSC anal. showed the presence of an addnl. endothermic effect at a temp. of approx. 80°C in samples contg. H₂O₂. Both the morphol. evaluation of the structure and the thermodynamic calcns. of the potential detonation properties of the analyzed samples suggest that H₂O₂ additives may be useful in the production of high-energy materials.

3

Plastic waste carbonization - a review. Part I. Morphology and characteristics of carbonization products

Mohamad Prim Nasir Adib Hafiizhullah, Norizan Mohd Nurazzi, Saharudin Nur Izzaati, Mansur Sumarni, Knight Victor Feizal, Norrrahim Mohd Nor Faiz

Polimery

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2025

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Vol. 70, nr 5

299--312

EN

This article presents a literature review on the carbonization of plastic waste as a modern approach to waste recycling and a source of renewable energy. The first part of the review discusses the structure and properties of carbonized products, including PE, PP, PS, and PET.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literatury na temat karbonizacji odpadów z tworzyw sztucznych jako nowoczesnego podejścia do recyklingu odpadów i źródła energii odnawialnej. W pierwszej części przeglądu omówiono strukturę i właściwości karbonizowanych produktów m.in. PE, PP, PS i PET.

4

Mechanism of the effect of modified TiO2 on the strength of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks samples

Guohao Yang, Zhiming He, Jiawei Sun, Hao Guo, Kai Zhang

Environment Protection Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 51, nr 2

85--104

EN

Brick-making from gold tailings is one of the common utilization methods, however, this method usually requires pressurized sintering. This study investigates the effect of modified TiO2 on the strength of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Gold tailings, river sand, and gravel were used as raw materials, with cement-epoxy resin serving as the composite binder and modified TiO2 acting as the reinforcing agent. The surface of TiO2 was modified by silane coupling agent KH-560 and polyethyleneimine (PEI), and the effect of modified TiO2 on the performance and characterization of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks was investigated. The results show that 25% KH-560 silane coupling agent and 75% polyethyleneimine (PEI) modify TiO2 best. The optimal compressive strength of 79.6 MPa was achieved in gold tailings-based no-fire bricks with 2% modified TiO2 addition. Microscopic morphology and chemical analysis confirmed that the modified TiO2significantly enhanced the structural integrity of gold tailings-based no-fire bricks.

5

Urban Development - Specific Aspects of the City of Suceava Driven by the Orthodox Churches

Gavril Andreea G., Agachi Mihaela I.M

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 2, no. 2

art. no. 46

EN

The present paper is part of the doctoral research on the places where monastic churches created urban structures that have been preserved to this day in Suceava municipality. The article briefly presents the period from which are dated the oldest churches that have been preserved over time, namely in the 14th to 17th centuries. Natural continuity in the urban space does not mean either the destruction or the indiscriminate preservation of everything that is old, but, on the contrary, an integration between what is created new and what is useful as a material or spiritual value from the historical existing. In the configuration of the medieval city, the church was a polarizing reference point. In this sense, the topological field, as the urbanistic meaning of all religious architecture projects (monuments that have been preserved to this day) constitutes a totality of connected areas configured. Due to the urban texture, these areas are in reciprocal relations with the civic center. It can therefore be stated, based on the topological analysis, that the medieval religious architecture also has an important urban dimension. The founding activity on the territory of the city of Suceava, during the Middle Ages, materialized through a remarkable series of art and architecture monuments, of which, those that have survived to this day, make up a distinct compartment of the dowry of the national cultural heritage, being formed from only 11 churches that still exist today, from the 24 definitely registered in the documents issued by the royal chancellery.

PL

Niniejszy dokument stanowi część badań doktoranckich dotyczących miejsc, gdzie klasztorne kościoły tworzyły struktury miejskie, które przetrwały do dziś w gminie Suceava. Artykuł krótko przedstawia okres, z którego pochodzą najstarsze kościoły, które przetrwały przez wieki, a mianowicie z XIV do XVII wieku. Naturalna ciągłość w przestrzeni miejskiej nie oznacza ani zniszczenia, ani bezmyślnego zachowania wszystkiego, co stare, lecz wręcz przeciwnie – integracji tego, co nowo stworzone, z tym, co stanowi wartość materialną lub duchową z istniejącej historii. W konfiguracji średniowiecznego miasta kościół stanowił punkt odniesienia. W tym sensie pole topologiczne, jako urbanistyczne znaczenie wszystkich projektów architektury religijnej (pomników, które przetrwały do dziś), stanowi całość połączonych obszarów. Ze względu na strukturę miejską te obszary są w ramach reciprocialnych relacji z centrum obywatelskim. można więc stwierdzić, na podstawie analizy topologicznej, że średniowieczna architektura religijna ma również ważny wymiar urbanistyczny.

6

Silhouette of the City - Historical and Architectural Landmarks

Gavril Andreea G., Agachi Mihaela I.M.

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 2, no. 2

art. no. 47

EN

The present work is part of the doctoral research, in which we aim to study the cores represented by the cult buildings included in the UNESCO heritage and those of major importance for the silhouette of the city, part of which is also included in the List of historical monuments in the county of Suceava in 2004. Although the main landmarks of the territorial evolution of the city of Suceava are provided by the cult edifices, at the same time, the knowledge of some valuable civil and royal monuments that bring new elements in shaping a broad and edifying image on the science of building in our country. Suceava had an evolution of the urban form of a somewhat concentric nature (sometimes with tendencies towards the shape of a quadrilateral) around an initial nucleus (around the Mirăuți metropolitan church), with subsequent extensions being added (in two phases, depending on the churches founded in the 15th-17th centuries), which became necessary as the city grew. An important role in shaping the physiognomy of the current landscape is also played by the relief of the city of Suceava and its surroundings. The exploitation of the features of the relief by placing monumental buildings for aesthetic or ideological reasons (the Royal Court, the churches, Alexandru Lăpușneanu's tower), on heights, the contrast of scale between the monuments and the great mass of city buildings, the specific conditions of the development of human agglomerations, were the factors that have led to the crystallization of a complex silhouette of the city of Suceava, where witnesses of the medieval and modern era merge more or less harmoniously with the dominant contemporary ones (tower blocks).

PL

Niniejsza praca jest częścią badań doktoranckich, w ramach których dążymy do zbadania rdzeni reprezentowanych przez budynki kultowe włączone do dziedzictwa UNESCO i te o dużym znaczeniu dla sylwetki miasta, z których część znajduje się również na Liście zabytków historycznych w powiecie Suceava z 2004 roku. Chociaż główne punkty orientacyjne ewolucji terytorialnej miasta Suceava stanowią budynki kultu, to jednocześnie wiedza o cennych zabytkach cywilnych i królewskich, które wnoszą nowe elementy w kształtowanie szerokiego i pouczającego obrazu na temat sztuki budowy w naszym kraju. Suceava miała ewolucję formy miejskiej o dość koncentrycznej naturze (czasami z tendencjami do kształtu czworokąta) wokół początkowego jądra (wokół katedry metropolitalnej Mirăuți), przy czym kolejne rozszerzenia były dodawane (w dwóch fazach, w zależności od kościołów założonych w XV-XVII wieku), co stało się konieczne w miarę wzrostu miasta. Ważną rolę w kształtowaniu fizjonomii współczesnego krajobrazu odgrywa także ukształtowanie terenu miasta Suceava i jego okolic.

7

Synergistic toughening and strengthening of an epoxy resin modified by simultaneous use of two different modifiers

Białkowska Anita, Suroń Patryk, Kucharczyk Wojciech, Hanulikova Barbora, Bakar Mohamed

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 3

art. no. e149176

EN

The present work investigates the effect of modifying an epoxy resin using two different modifiers. The mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated as a function of modifier type and content. The structure and morphology were also analyzed and related to the measured properties. Polyurethane (PUR) was used as a liquid modifier, while Cloisite Na+ and Nanomer I.28E are solid nanoparticles. Impact strength (IS) of hybrid nanocomposites based on 3.5 wt% PUR and 2 wt% Cloisite or 3.5 wt% PUR and 1 wt% Nanomer was maximally increased by 55% and 30%, respectively, as compared to the virgin epoxy matrix, exceeding that of the two epoxy/nanoparticle binaries but not that of the epoxy/PUR binary. Furthermore, a maximum increase in IS of approximately 20% as compared to the pristine matrix was obtained with the hybrid epoxy nanocomposite containing 0.5 wt% Cloisite and 1 wt% Nanomer, including a synergistic effect, due most likely to specific interactions between the nanoparticles and the epoxy matrix. The addition of polyurethane and nanoclays increased the thermal stability of epoxy composites significantly. However, DSC results showed that the addition of flexible polyurethane chains decreased the glass transition temperatures, while the softening point and the service temperature range of epoxy nanocomposites containing nanofillers were increased. FTIR analysis confirmed the occurrence of interaction between the epoxy matrix and added modifiers. All SEM micrographs showed significant roughness of the fracture surfaces with the formation of elongated platelets, explaining the increase in mechanical properties of the epoxy matrix.

8

Możliwość wykorzystania technik mikroskopowych do oceny przebiegu procesu koagulacji

Turlej Tymoteusz

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 11

1228--1231

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących możliwości wykorzystania technik mikroskopowych do oceny przebiegu procesu koagulacji. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie zautomatyzowanego analizatora wielkości i kształtu ziaren Morphologi 4. Próbki zawiesiny rzecznej zostały poddane analizie, zarówno bez, jak i z dodatkiem koagulantu PAX 16. Przeprowadzono pomiary mikroskopowe za pomocą komórki wet-cell dla obu próbek. Ocena przebiegu procesu koagulacji została przeprowadzona przez porównanie obrazów zawiesiny bez i z dodatkiem koagulantu. Porównanie tych obrazów pozwoliło na ocenę skuteczności procesu koagulacji i zrozumienie wpływu koagulantu na morfologię cząstek. Wyniki tego badania mogą mieć zastosowanie w optymalizacji procesów koagulacji oraz w ocenie jakości wody w różnych zastosowaniach, takich jak uzdatnianie wody pitnej i oczyszczanie ścieków.

EN

Suspended river water samples were coagulated with PAX 16 and then morphol. analyzed using wet-cell microscopic measurements. The effectiveness of the coagulation process was evaluated by comparing images of the suspension without and with the addn. of coagulant. This method can be successfully used to evaluate the optimization of the coagulation process and the selection of coagulant dose.

9

Study of Si morphology in AlSi21CuNiMg cast alloy using col our and deep etching

Tillová Eva, Chalupová Mária, Kuchariková Lenka, Bonek Mirosław, Uhríčik Milan, Pastierovičová Lucia

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 2

art. no. e144618

EN

The effect of possible modification and refining effect of Al-Cu-P-based pre-alloy combined with Fe on the microstructure and the silicon morphology change in hypereutectic Al-Si cast alloy was studied. The samples in the as-cast state were observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The 3D morphology of both primary and eutectic silicon was observed by using colour and deep etching in detail. The results showed that the AlCu19P1.4 pre-alloy (1.07 wt.%) combined with the addition of Fe (0.02 wt.%) has a significant effect on the change of the amount, size and morphology of primary Si. This is significantly refined and changes the shape from a coarse irregular star-shaped, polyhedral, or plate-like shape to a fine polyhedral shape. The average size of the primary Si is reduced by about of 78 % from 135 μm to 28 μm and the number of primary Si particles increased from 7.4 to 237. No change in the morphology of the eutectic Si was observed; a refinement of the structure from a coarse needle/plate-like to a fine plate-like structure was seen. The depth etching method using HCl was very effective in the study of the 3D silicon morphology observed, which could be observed in detail without the presence of artefacts.

10

Mechanical properties and Mullins effect in rubber reinforced by montmorillonite

Białkowska Anita, Przybyłek Małgorzata, Sola-Wdowska Marta, Masař Milan, Bakar Mohamed

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 5

art. no. e147059

EN

The present work investigated the properties of rubber vulcanizates containing different nanoparticles (Cloisite 20A and Cloisite Na+) and prepared using different sonication amplitudes. The results showed that a maximum improvement in tensile strength of more than 60% over the reference sample was obtained by the nanocomposites containing 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 1 wt.% Cloisite Na+ and mixed with a maximum amplitude of 270 µm. The modulus at 300% elongation increased by approximately 18% and 25% with the addition of 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 3 wt.% Cloisite Na+, respectively. The shape retention coefficient of rubber samples was not significantly affected by the mixing amplitude, while the values of the softness measured at the highest amplitude (270 µm) were higher compared to those of mixtures homogenized with lower amplitudes. The loading-unloading and loading-reloading processes showed similar trends for all tested nanocomposites. However, they increased with increasing levels of sample stretching but were not significantly affected by filler content at a given elongation. More energy was dissipated during the loading-unloading process than during the loading-reloading. SEM micrographs of rubber samples before and after cycling loading showed rough, stratified, and elongated morphologies. XRD results showed that elastomeric chains were intercalated in the MMT nanosheets, confirming the improvement of mechanical properties. The difference between the hydrophilic pristine nanoclay (Cloisite Na+) and organomodified MMT (Cloisite 20A) was also highlighted, while the peaks of the stretched rubber samples were smaller, regardless of the rubber composition, due most probably to the decrease of interlayer spacing.

11

Flammability and morphology of Agel leaf fibre- epoxy composite modified with carbon powder for fishing boat applications

Kurniasih P., Wirawan W. A., Narto A., Pribadi O. S., Imron N. A., Rachman N. F., Pradipta A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 122, nr 1

13--21

EN

Purpose: Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites have been extensively developed to construct fishing vessels. This study reports on the successful development of the Agel Leaf Fibre (ALF)- Epoxy composite reinforced with carbon powder and fabricated using the Vacuum Infusion method. Design/methodology/approach: The composites were prepared by varying the carbon powder filler content at volumes of 0%, 10%, and 30%. The fire resistance of the composites was investigated using a burning test according to ASTM D-3014 standards. The morphology of the composites was observed through SEM analysis and analysed using ImageJ software. Findings: The research findings reveal that adding 30% carbon powder in the HCP composite reduced the burning rate by 42.624 mm/sec and the time to ignition by 17.33 seconds, indicating improved fire resistance properties. The carbon powder inhibited flame propagation and reduced the combustion rate by 0.49%. The SEM examination confirmed that the fibre porosity decreased, resulting in a denser composite with enhanced fibre-matrix adhesion. Therefore, the implementation of fire-resistant composite materials in fishing vessel construction can be realised. Research limitations/implications: The present study primarily examined the immediate effects of carbon powder additions on the morphology of the composites. However, it is crucial to consider these composites’ long-term stability and durability. Future research should investigate the ageing behaviour, considering environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, and UV radiation, to assess their impact on the morphology and flammability resistance of the composites. Additionally, it is essential to acknowledge that other factors, including fibre orientation, fibre length, and matrix properties, can significantly influence the overall performance of the composites. Practical implications: The enhanced flammability resistance of Agel Leaf Fibre-Epoxy composites with carbon powder additions holds significant benefits for fishing boat applications. In marine environments, the risk of fire incidents on fishing boats is high, making materials with good fire resistance highly desirable. Therefore, implementing fire-resistant composite materials in fishing boat construction can be realised to reduce the risk of fire incidents in high-seas fishing vessels. Originality/value: Composites with added carbon powder exhibited smaller flames, slower burning rates, and a lack of significant flame propagation. This suggests that adding carbon powder acts as an oxygen barrier and reduces the availability of fuel within the composite.

12

Wykorzystanie geometrii fraktalnej do opisu składu granulometrycznego i morfologii materiałów drobnouziarnionych

Banaś Marian, Hilger Bartłomiej

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2022

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T. 101, nr 11

1019--1022

PL

Geometria fraktalna jest użytecznym narzędziem wykorzystywanym w wielu dziedzinach nauki i techniki, m.in. w analizie obrazów, analizie danych finansowych, i medycynie. Stosuje się ją również do opisu morfologii fazy stałej, materiałów drobnouziarnionych, które mogą pochodzić z różnych procesów, a przez to charakteryzować się najróżniejszymi kształtami. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie sposobów opisu morfologii materiałów drobnouziarnionych za pomocą geometrii fraktalnej. W pracy zawarto informacje na temat stosowanych rozmiarów zastępczych dla cząstek fazy stałej, a także współczynników kształtów oraz metod opisywania prędkości opadania cząstek takiej fazy w płynie.

EN

Fractal geometry was used to describe the particle morphology, properties and behaviour (falling rate, permeability) in order to precisely define the particle shape in numerical form (fractal dimension). Information on the equivalent diameters of solid particles, shape factors and methods used to describe the free fall velocity of particles in a fluid were presented. The method of numerical detn. of the fractal dimension using the results of measurements obtained from a laser diffractometer was described.

13

On the feasible regions delimiting natural human postures in a novel skeletal representation

Hengeveld Simon B., Mucherino A.

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2022

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Vol. 30

175--179

EN

The de facto standard for storing human motion data on a computer involves a representation based on Euler angles. This representation, while effective, has several short- comings. Triplets of Euler angles are not unique, and the same posture may be expressed using different combinations of angles. Furthermore, many possible Euler angle triplets correspond to unnatural positions for human joints. This means that, in general, a large part of the representational space remains unused. In this paper, we investigate a recently proposed representation inspired by molecular representations. It uses only two (instead of three) degrees of freedom per joint: a vector and a torsion angle. Using the two key ingredients of this new representation, we present a complete analysis of the Graphics Lab Motion Capture Database. The data found in this analysis provide us with some powerful insights about natural and unnatural human postures in human motions. These insights can potentially lead to possible constraints on human motions which may be used to more effectively solve open problems in the computer graphics community, most notably the problem of (human) motion adaptation.

14

A Morphological Characterization of High Yield Chitin from Periwinkle Shells

Odili Cletus Chiosa, Philips Gbenebor Oluwashina, Adekola Haffner Henry, Oluropo Adeosun Samson

Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 5, no. 4

61--65

EN

Research on obtaining chitin from periwinkle shell is scarce due to the very low yield of chitin from this kind of shell. This study reports a method of processing periwinkle shells to obtain high yield, bio-medically suitable chitin. The experiment was designed using IM and 2M concentrations of HCl for demineralization and a 1M NaOH concentration for deproteinization. FTIR, SEM, XRD and DTA analytical tools were used to characterize the extracted chitin. The FTIR spectral, XRD patterns and SEM analysis, revealed the complete removal of calcium carbonate by the acid concentrations used. The particle-like form of periwinkle shell was transformed to sheet-like fiber and globular-like fiber of α-chitin by increasing the concentration of HCl from1M to 2M respectively. The crystal size increased from 11.2Å (1M HCl) to 13.4Å (2M HCl). The yield of chitin from periwinkle shell also increased from 52% to 71% using 1M and 2M HCl respectively. Thus, acid concentrations can be used to alter the structure of chitin with different mechanical properties.

15

Ocena morfologii powierzchni betonu - metody i parametry

Hoła Jerzy, Sadowski Łukasz

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2021

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R. 77, nr 7

334--337

PL

Przedstawiono klasyfikację metod badawczych i parametrów przydatnych do badania morfologii powierzchni betonu wraz z syntetycznym ich opisem i podaniem najistotniejszych ograniczeń. Zaprezentowano przykładowe wyniki badań powierzchni betonowych przygotowanych w różny sposób wraz z wartościami parametrów trójwymiarowych uzyskanymi metodą bezstykową z wykorzystaniem triangulacji laserowej.

EN

The article presents the classification of research methods and parameters useful for examining the morphology of the concrete surface, together with their synthetic description and specification of the most important limitations. Selected examples of the test results of concrete surfaces treated in various ways, together with the values of three-dimensional parameters obtained by the contactless method using laser triangulation, have been presented.

16

Effect of textured surface topography parameters on cells proliferation and tissue growth in the mechanical circulatory support application

Kurtyka Przemysław, Major Roman, Kustosz Roman, Zalewski Jerzy, Wiecek Justyna, Bartkowiak Amanda, Kaczmarek Marcin, Joszko Kamil, Grajoszek Aniela

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

47

17

Analysis of randomly distributed particles and matrix interfaces of epoxy-based multilayered composites

Alam Shahinoor, Chowdhury Mohammad Asaduzzaman

Composites Theory and Practice

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2021

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R. 21, nr 3

70--86

EN

In this study, the surface morphology of composites, the effect of the particle geometry like the size and shape of the filler materials, their dispersion efficiency and interfaces are analyzed by morphological characterization. According to the tensile tests, it was found that the composites fabricated with CuO exhibit increasing trends of tensile strength in all the experiments compared to that of the composites with TiO2, which is verified by the degree of composite crystallinity determined by the strong interfacial interaction as well as the size, shape and compactness of the filler particles as observed by SEM micrograph analysis using Mountains software. Evaluation of this analysis shows similar amplitude variations in all the PSD curves of the composites and indicate a fatigue-like behavior. The stable isotropic properties in the composite samples with CuO result in a better surface finish, which was also well defined in the analysis of its surface texture and density function. Due to all these positive correlations, a significant rising trend in tensile strength (55.50, 105.53 and 20.40%) was found in every composite modified with CuO in comparison to TiO2. The highest tensile strength of the fabricated composite incorporating the CuO functional filler was found to be 105.530%. Such composites with TiO2 and CuO having a tensile strength of 117.9 and 141.95 N/mm2 respectively, may be used for the interior design of aircraft, watercraft, offices, residences, car and sports accessories and others.

18

Influence of mechanical alloying process on structural, mechanical and tribological behaviours of CNT reinforced aluminium composites – a statistical analysis

Manikandan P., Elayaperumal A., Franklin Issac R.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 2

art. no. e136745

EN

The mechanical and tribological properties of the Al/CNT composites could be controlled and improved by the method of its fabrication process. This research article deals with the optimization of mechanical and tribological properties of Al/CNT composites, which are fabricated using the mechanical alloying process with the different weight percentage of multi-walled CNT reinforcement. The phase change and the presence of CNT are identified using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The influence of mechanical alloying process and the multi-walled CNT reinforcement on the mechanical, and tribological behaviours of the Al/CNT composites are studied. The optimal mechanical alloying process parameters and the weight percentage of multi-walled CNT reinforcement for the Al/CNT composite are identified using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which exhibits the better hardness, compressive strength, wear rate and Coefficient of Friction (CoF). The Al/CNT composite with 1.1 wt.% of CNT has achieved the optimal responses at the milling speed 301 rpm and milling time 492 minutes with the ball to powder weight ratio 9.7:1, which is 98% equal to the experimental result. This research also reveals that the adhesive wear is the dominant wear mechanism for the Al/CNT composite against EN31 stainless steel but the optimal Al/CNT composite with 1.1 wt.% of multi-walled CNT has experienced a mild abrasive wear.

19

Experimental Investigation of the Properties of Laminated Nonwovens Used for Packaging of Powders in Mineral Warmers

Irzmańska E., Jurczyk-Kowalska M., Bil M., Płocińska M.

Autex Research Journal

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 2

163--171

EN

The study involved laminated nylon and viscose nonwovens, both perforated and non-perforated, with a view to using them for packaging of powders in mineral warmers. The nonwovens were examined in terms of morphology as well as tensile strength in dry and wet states. Thermal properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out in a broad range of temperatures. Surface wettability and water vapor permeability were assessed. The findings were analyzed to determine the utility of the studied materials as mineral warmer packaging materials in cold work or living environments.

20

Effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on the flexural performance of cement based composites

Huang Jun, Rodrigue Denis, Guo Peipei

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 2

655--671

EN

In this work, multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are added (0–0.5 wt%) into a cement matrix to improve the flexural performance of the resulting nanocomposites. Under static testing, the compressive and flexural strengths were found to increase with MWCNT content with an optimum content of 0.2% and 0.1%, respectively, before decreasing because of dispersion problems (agglomeration). But it was observed that increasing the mixing time and adding silica fume improved the MWCNT dispersion. Under fatigue testing, similar trends were obtained with respect to MWCNT content as the maximum fatigue life was observed at 0.2%. A comparison between nano-silica and MWCNT reinforced concrete is also made showing that MWCNT provides better improvement at lower content. The MWCNT reinforced cement-based composite results were well fitted using linear regressions. Finally, a morphological analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to explain the results based on the micro-mechanical mechanism of MWCNT reinforced composites.