This study aims to provide a framework for categorising safety behaviours of construction workers, recognising the importance of employee safety in the competitive business environment. Employee safety is crucial to overall efficiency, productivity, and well-being, and the study seeks to contribute to understanding and managing workplace safety in the construction industry. This study utilises machine learning (ML) algorithms, like logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision trees, to develop a categorisation framework for the safety behaviours of construction workers. The framework is validated using frequent safety behaviours observed in a random sample of construction professionals. The study finds that workplace safety behaviours (WSB) are primarily influenced by supervisor support, reckless habits, and safety motivation. Limiting workplace accidents, enforcing safety laws, properly documenting safety processes, and organising sessions to educate staff are identified as critical sub-factors. Advancements in technology have resulted in significant improvements across construction organisations in allied domains. Additional considerations include education, preempting the possibility of accidents in different workplace situations, and enforcing strong disciplinary measures. The framework proposed can serve as a valuable tool for organisations to tailor safety interventions. By recognising the diverse influences on safety behaviours, companies can implement targeted measures to address specific root causes of unsafe practices. The practical implications of these findings for safety management in the construction industry are noteworthy.
The article aims to demonstrate that green transition in the workplace (GTW) has a positive effect on experienced job satisfaction through its impact on the environment. A diagnostic survey based on the Job Characteristics Model was conducted among workers in four Central European countries. In each country, job satisfaction was related to a sense of meaningfulness of work, which was stronger when workers considered participation in GTW to be important for themselves and the community. A limitation of the study is that it examines only GTW-related factors in association with the impact on meaningfulness of work and job satisfaction. The practical implication is the conclusion regarding the value of GTW, not only because of its impact on the natural environment, but also because of an increase in job satisfaction. The significance of the study lies in identifying GTW as a new factor contributing to job satisfaction.
PL
Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że zielona transformacja w miejscu pracy (GTW) ma pozytywny wpływ na odczuwaną satysfakcję z pracy, poprzez wpływ na otoczenie. W oparciu o koncepcję Job Characteristics Model przeprowadzono badanie metodą sondażu diagnostycznego wśród osób pracujących w czterech krajach Europy Środkowej. W każdym z nich satysfakcja z pracy była zależna od poczucia sensu pracy, które było większe, gdy pracujący uznawali uczestnictwo w GTW za ważne dla siebie oraz dla społeczności lokalnej. Ograniczenie stanowi badanie wpływu na sens pracy i satysfakcję z pracy wyłącznie czynników związanych z GTW. Implikacją praktyczną jest wniosek o celowości GTW, nie tylko ze względu na wpływ na środowisko, ale także na wzrost satysfakcji z pracy. Wartość badania polega na wskazaniu nowego czynnika satysfakcji z pracy, jakim jest GTW.
Hałas ultradźwiękowy jest coraz częściej obecny w środowisku pracy ze względu na szerokie zastosowanie urządzeń emitujących ultradźwięki, takich jak myjki, zgrzewarki czy drążarki ultradźwiękowe. Pomimo powszechności hałasu ultradźwiękowego jego wpływ na zdrowie i samopoczucie pracowników pozostaje niewystarczająco zbadany i wymaga dalszych analiz. Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu hałasu ultradźwiękowego na zdrowie i samopoczucie pracowników oraz identyfikacja czynników utrudniających stosowanie działań prewencyjnych. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę tego zagadnienia na podstawie kwestionariusza ankietowego, skierowanego do pracowników zawodowo narażonych na hałas ultradźwiękowy. Kwestionariusz ten obejmował m.in. pytania dotyczące subiektywnej oceny uciążliwości hałasu, jego wpływu na zdrowie, problemów ze snem oraz barier w stosowaniu środków ochrony słuchu.
EN
Ultrasonic noise is increasingly present in the workplace due to the widespread use of ultrasonic-emitting devices such as ultrasonic cleaners, welders, and drills. Despite its prevalence, the impact of ultrasonic noise on employees' health and well-being remains insufficiently studied and requires in-depth analysis. This article examines the effects of ultrasonic noise on workers' health and identifies factors determining the implementation of preventive measures. The study was based on a detailed survey targeted at individuals professionally exposed to ultrasonic noise. The questionnaire included questions regarding the subjective assessment of noise annoyance, its impact on health, sleep problems, and barriers to using hearing protection devices.
Purpose: In view of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation (AIRA) within service industries, it is crucial to understand how these technologies are perceived by organizational members to ensure their effective implementation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to gain insights into employees’ appraisals toward AIRA in the workplace in service settings. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach was adopted, with data being collected via a self-administered online survey from 369 service employees in Poland. The sample was randomly split into two subsamples. The first subsample was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), while the second subsample was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Findings: The results of the EFA and CFA indicate that the AIRA appraisal scale is multidimensional and consists of three subscales: resource appraisal toward AIRA, challenge appraisal toward AIRA, and hindrance appraisal toward AIRA. AIRA in the workplace is perceived by service employees predominantly as a resource, then as a challenge, and lastly as a hindrance. Research limitations/implications: The data collection was based on the non-random sampling technique and the questionnaire was disseminated among employees of selected service industries in Poland, which limits the generalizability of the findings beyond the specific context of this research. Originality/value: Drawing upon the refined job demands-resources (JD-R) model, the study provides a comprehensive and nuanced perspective on employees' perceptions of AIRA integration into service delivery processes. The proposed perspective is better suited to explain employees’ attitudinal and behavioral reactions to AIRA-driven changes in the work environment.
Ships, including inland waterway vessels, are special places to work for two main reasons: they operate in an unusual environment and they are characterised by limited space. Therefore, the working conditions on inland waterway vessels are specific. The safety of the crews of these vessels is influenced by, inter alia, hazards related to the operation of vessels and the movement of other vessels, as well as weather conditions. According to literature data, noise and mechanical vibrations dominate in the group of negative factors of the working environment on vessels. As part of the project, which aims to carry out a comprehensive assessment of environmental hazards and nuisances on selected vessels, research on working conditions on inland waterway vessels was carried out. These researches included measurements and evaluation of physical environmental factors, including noise and infrasonic noise, on the following types of inland waterway vessels: police boats, rescue boats, pushers and tourist vessels. The highest noise levels were recorded in the engine room on pushers. The measured equivalent A-weighted sound pressure levels in these rooms were in the range of 101.1 to 102.2 dB(A). On the other hand, the lowest noise levels were recorded at helmsman's workstations in control cabins on tourist vessels. The measured equivalent A-weighted sound pressure levels at these workplaces ranged from 59.2 to 61.1 dB(A). The article presents detailed results of measurements and assessment of noise and infrasonic noise on the tested inland waterway vessels.
This study presents preliminary results of evaluating the impact of ultrasonic noise on the auditory system, utilizing the most commonly employed method - pure-tone audiometry (PTA) for determining hearing thresholds. The research aimed to investigate the temporary threshold shifts (TTS) resulting from exposure to ultrasonic noise. Participants were exposed to ultrasonic noise within the frequency range of 16 kHz to 40 kHz, corresponding to the lower ultrasonic band typically emitted by industrial devices. The temporary threshold shift measurements, however, were conducted within the audible frequency range. Hearing thresholds were measured before and after exposure, within the standard range of 1 to 8 kHz and the extended range of 9 to 16 kHz. Twenty participants were exposed to two types of ultrasonic signals representing typical industrial sources - an ultrasonic cleaner and an ultrasonic welder. The analysis of results revealed statistically significant differences in hearing thresholds (both sides) for 8 kHz and 16 kHz after exposure to ultrasonic noise, regardless of the type of ultrasonic noise source. The average differences were 3.8 dB for 8 kHz and 5.8 dB for 16 kHz in the case of the ultrasonic cleaner, and 2 dB for 8 kHz and 3.5 dB for 16 kHz in the case of the ultrasonic welder. Despite smaller differences before and after exposure with the ultrasonic welder, the analysis did not show statistically significant differences regarding the influence of the type of noise source.
Realizacja robót budowlanych w obiektach, które nie mogą zostać wyłączone z użytkowania, wymaga nie tylko zaawansowanego podejścia organizacyjnego, ale również elastyczności, innowacyjności i skutecznego zarządzania ryzykiem, aby zachować równowagę między postępem prac budowlanych a zapewnieniem ciągłości i bezpieczeństwa funkcjonowania zakładu. Stanowi to wyzwanie obarczone dużym ryzykiem dla wykonawcy, ale jednocześnie pozwala na zdobycie ogromnego doświadczenia i kompetencji, dając tym samym przewagę na konkurencyjnym rynku usług budowlanych. Artykuł opisuje wyzwania i możliwości związane z realizacją inwestycji budowlanych oraz ryzyka i korzyści wynikające z integracji działań budowlanych z funkcjonowaniem zakładu pracy.
EN
The execution of construction work in facilities that cannot be taken out of service requires not only a sophisticated organizational approach, but also flexibility, innovation and effective risk management to balance the progress of construction work with ensuring the continuity and safety of plant operations. This poses a challenge with great risks for the contractor, but at the same time allows for the gaining of a great deal of experience and competence thus giving an advantage in the competitive construction services market. The article describes the challenges and opportunities of construction projects and the risks and benefits of integrating construction activities with plant operations.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the values held by employees in their workplace in the light of the literature review. Design/methodology/approach: A literature analysis and critique was applied. A non- systematic literature review was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed scientific databases. The scientific items were complemented by industry literature and online sources on the issues addressed. Findings: The broad spectrum of people's values in the work environment is derived from their personal values, age, gender, and race, as well as the industry they work in, company policies, and team relationships. Some values may become obsolete and lose their validity over time. There are also those we are only reminded of in crises, such as safety in the workplace. Research limitations/implications: The literature review was based only on two selected scientific databases, Google Scholar and PubMed. Moreover, the literature search used a specific combination of keywords using a Boolean operator, which may have omitted other scientific items in the database. Practical implications: An employer should examine the values of its employees to create optimal working conditions. Employees work better when surrounded by people with similar values, enhancing loyalty and job satisfaction. Employees’ values in the workplace evolve depending on their personal and professional life stages. Social implications: Differences in the values valued by employees should be considered in human capital management and in creating the conditions for the proper performance of job duties. Conscious management by values (ethical-social, emotional-developmental) is the basis for building employee well-being in a diverse work environment. Originality/value: The treatment of issues treating the values professed by employees in the workplace is based mainly on foreign literature on the subject, enriching the previous scientific output on human capital in the enterprise, signalling the authors' contribution to the development of the discipline of management and quality sciences. The article primarily addresses researchers and scholars dealing with human resource management, organisation values, and work sociology. The work may also interest students in sociology, psychology, and pedagogy. In addition, the article is of value to managers and leaders of groups and teams dealing with organisational behaviour and communication in organisations.
The work aims to develop a methodical approach to assessing the employer’s level of social responsibility for employee health. Methods of statistical analysis, expert assessments, and content analysis were used. Developed a methodological approach to determining the level of social responsibility of the employer for maintaining the health of workers, which was tested in a sample of 18 enterprises of the machine-building industry of Kharkiv and Kharkiv region; it is determined by calculating an integrated indicator that combines quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the working environment in three planes (sections), which characterize the factors influencing human health: social conditions and lifestyle, the level of ecology of the working space, and the level of medical care at the enterprise. The results of the employer’s efforts to preserve the health of the employee are transformed into the health of the employee, which is analyzed through the indicator “Health Index”.
Celem badań było określenie rozwojowych trendów w zakresie projektowania architektonicznego kreatywnych miejsc pracy w przemyśle czwartej generacji. Zakres badań obejmował szereg aspektów projektowych, począwszy od aspektów lokalizacji, aż po szczegółowe rozwiązania funkcjonalne fabryki oraz detale projektu architektonicznego. Z uwagi na aplikacyjny charakter badań zastosowano metodę badań przez projektowanie (ang. research-by-design), w czym wykorzystano zajęcia dydaktyczne. Wyniki badań wykazały wielopłaszczyznowy wpływ koncepcji Przemysłu 4.0 na projektowanie architektoniczne zakładów przemysłowych. Scharakteryzowano najważniejsze cechy funkcjonalno-przestrzenne nowych modeli fabryki w odniesieniu do scenariusza organizacji pracy. Wyniki badań podkreśliły także kluczowe znaczenie umiejętności analitycznych w projektowaniu architektonicznym, co znajduje przełożenie na wdrażanie wniosków w praktyce oraz na polu dydaktycznym.
EN
This paper aims to identify the most influential trends in the design of creative workplaces in the fourth-generation industry. The scope of research covered several design aspects, ranging from location issues to detailed functional solutions of the factory and details of the architectural design. Due to its applicable nature, the research-by-design method was combined with didactic classes. The research results showed the multifaceted influence of Iindustry 4.0 concept on the architectural design of industrial plants. The new factory models' most important functional and spatial features were characterized in relation to the work organization scenario. The research results also highlighted the critical importance of analytical skills in architectural design, translating into applying conclusions in practice and the didactic field.
Aim of the study was to asses noise annoyance in relation to psychoacoustic metrics of sound in an office environment. The Vienna Test System was used for this purpose. Virtual office acoustic environments were developed with sources of different psychoacoustic parameters (loudness, sharpness, fluctuation strength, roughness) but with a constant A-weighted sound pressure level of 55 dB - sound environment with conversations, sound environment with office equipment (computers, printers, telephones) and sound environment with all office noise sources together. The reference environment was a quiet office room with no additional noise sources. Recorded real noise sources were transferred to a virtual 3D sound environment and converted into binaural sound, which was then played back on headphones. During the exposure to each of the acoustic environments, the subjects performed the ALS test (work performance series) and COG test (measurement of attention and concentration) and then assessed the given environment using a questionnaire. The paper presents the results of the statistical analysis - despite different psychoacoustic metrics of office noise sources in the examined acoustic environments, no statistically significant differences were observed in the results of psychological tests.
This article presents the results of a pilot survey of 300 transport operators, such as drivers, train drivers, and rescue workers. The surveys were conducted online using a Google form based on the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. The following research objectives were set: to identify and compare the most relevant factors affecting the health and wellbeing of transport vehicle operators and to identify the key risks associated with their work. The findings were presented using descriptive statistics and correlation and principal component analyses. Descriptive characteristics indicated which quantitative characteristics were associated with exposure and discomfort. On the other hand, the results of correlation analyses showed, among other things, that “level of rest” as a function of “fatigue” showed a decreasing relationship and that “pain in arms, legs, lower back or neck” depended on “work position,” “use of excessive force,” and “work severity.” The results of the principal component analysis confirmed that the data cluster under the form of factors and that there are factors whose information values are insignificant. A similar conclusion applies to the input data (i.e., the answers to the test questions). The analysis showed that only the answers to 15 of 50 questions exceeded the threshold of 2% of the information entered in the test. This could lead to the conclusion that if the test could be repeated in the future, the correct result might be obtained with slightly fewer test questions.
People spend most of their adult lives in the workplace and at work. It is therefore essential to create an environment and working conditions that positively affect their work performance and well-being at work. Ergonomics is the science that studies the relationship between people and the environment that surrounds them on a daily basis. It is not only about achieving optimum work performance, but for companies ergonomics can save costs associated with health problems and physical and psychological illnesses of employees due to poor quality of life in the workplace. Even today, with the implementa-tion of Industry 4.0 and increasing levels of automation and robotization, technological developments are enabling efficient production processes and bringing about changes in human work. With this comes the emergence of new threats to employee well-being and challenging their existing skills and knowledge. It is therefore essential to provide quality workplaces for the workforce that will be work-ing in the changed environment. The aim of this paper is to present how ergonomic rationalisation can be used to influence the quality of life in the workplace so that employees are able to perform optimally at work without negatively impacting on their health.
W artykule zaprezentowano opracowany w Centralnym Instytucie Ochrony Pracy - Państwowym Instytucie Badawczym (CIOP-PIB) model mobilnego systemu pomiarowego do oceny zagrożenia pracowników promieniowaniem nadfioletowym (UV) na stanowiskach pracy. Omówiono jego konstrukcję oraz aplikację, za pomocą której steruje się przebiegiem pomiaru. Przedstawiono w skrócie metodykę badań promieniowania UV na stanowiskach pracy oraz przytoczono wyniki z porównania wskazań mobilnego system pomiarowego z profesjonalnym radiometrem na wybranych stanowiskach pracy.
EN
The article presents a developed model mobile measurement system developed at the Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) for assessing the risk of workers' exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation at workstations. Its construction and the application used to control the measurement process are discussed. The methodology of UV radiation research at workstations was briefly presented and the results from the comparison of indications of a mobile measuring system with a professional radiometer at selected workstations were quoted.
Odnawialne źródła energii stanowią alternatywę dla tradycyjnych nośników energii, tj. paliw kopalnych. Pozyskanie tej formy energii w Polsce wykazuje w ostatnich latach tendencję zwyżkową. Udział energii ze źródeł odnawialnych w pozyskaniu energii pierwotnej ogółem wzrósł w latach 2019–2020 z 19,74 % do 21,60 %. Energia pozyskiwana ze źródeł odnawialnych w Polsce w 2020 r. pochodziła w przeważającym stopniu z biopaliw stałych, energii wiatru i z biopaliw ciekłych. W przypadku energii wiatru, stosowanie turbin wiatrowych, pomimo licznych zalet, wywołuje od wielu lat szereg pytań i wątpliwości z zakresu oddziaływania turbin na człowieka. Oddziaływanie to obejmuje wiele czynników, w szczególności hałas turbin wiatrowych. Hałas turbin wiatrowych postrzegany jest jako źródło uciążliwości dla osób zamieszkałych i pracujących w pobliżu farm wiatrowych. W celu dokonania oceny uciążliwości hałasu turbin wiatrowych wśród pracowników zatrudnionych w pobliżu farm wiatrowych zostało przeprowadzone badanie ankietowe.
EN
Renewable energy sources are an alternative to traditional energy carriers, i.e. fossil fuels. Obtaining this form of energy in Poland shows an upward trend in recent years. The share of energy from renewable sources in the total primary energy production increased in the years 2019-2020 from 19.74 % to 21.60 %. Energy obtained from renewable sources in Poland in 2020 mainly came from solid biofuels, wind energy and liquid biofuels. In the case of wind energy the use of wind turbines, despite its numerous advantages, has been causing a number of questions and doubts about the human impact for many years. This impact involves many factors, in particular wind turbine noise. Wind turbine noise is seen as a source of annoyance for people living and working near wind farms. In order to assess the wind turbine noise annoyance for people employed in the vicinity of wind farms, a survey was carried out. The paper presents the results of this study and their analysis. The obtained results show that the surveyed employees perceive wind turbines noise as noise with a slight annoyance – the average annoyance rating was 2.33 on a scale from 0 to 10.
16
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
Doświadczenia autorów jako biegłych sądowych z zakresu bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy wykazały, że w sprawach dotyczących wypadków przy pracy z udziałem maszyn powtarza się problem niewłaściwego rozumienia kwestii obowiązków pracodawców w zakresie stanowiskowych instrukcji bezpieczeństwa i higieny. Często pracodawcy nie dopełniają swojego obowiązku prawnego w powyższym zakresie, co w przypadku zaistnienia zdarzeń wypadkowych jest przedmiotem niekorzystnych dla nich rozstrzygnięć. Rozróżnienia bowiem wymaga obowiązek posiadania dokumentacji pochodzącej od producenta maszyny oraz instrukcji obsługi, którą opracowuje pracodawca. W artykule poruszone zostały powyższe zagadnienia na gruncie aktualnie obowiązujących przepisów prawa.
EN
Authors, based on their background as court experts in the field of occupational health and safety, note that where accidents at work involve machinery, a recurring problem is the misunderstanding of the employers’ obligations in the field of occupational health and safety instructions. Employers often fail to fulfill their legal obligations in this respect, which in the case of accidents at work is the reason for unfavorable court decisions for them. A clear distinction should be made between the obligation to have documentation provided by the manufacturer of the machine and the obligation to create an operating manual prepared by the employer. The article discusses the above issues on the basis of the currently applicable legal provisions.
Regulacje prawne obejmują tryb, metody, rodzaj i częstotliwość wykonywania badań i pomiarów czynników szkodliwych dla zdrowia, przypadki, w których jest konieczne prowadzenie pomiarów ciągłych, wymagania, jakie powinny spełniać laboratoria realizujące badania i pomiary, oraz sposób rejestrowania, przechowywania i udostępniania wyników pracownikom.
W artykule przedstawiono opracowanie mające na celu zbadanie nowego zjawiska powstałego w obszarze architektury miejsc pracy o charakterze biurowym. W wyniki unowocześniania narzędzi pracy m.in. przez ich cyfryzację oraz komputeryzację zaobserwowano dynamiczne przekształcanie się przestrzeni biurowych dzięki wykorzystaniu nowych funkcji, które mają na celu wspieranie procesów pracy kreatywnej. To zjawisko szczególnie zauważalne jest w realizacjach zagranicznych obiektów biurowych będących siedzibami firm dominujących na rynku europejskim i międzynarodowym w danej dziedzinie zawodowej. Celem badań jest analiza nowoczesnych kierunków projektowych polskich i zagranicznych obiektów biurowych. Do procesu badawczego wykorzystano badania ankietowe, inwentaryzacyjne, wywiady środowiskowe, metody badań ilościowych i porównawczych oraz badania literaturowe. Wyniki badań pokazują polskie szanse oraz możliwości projektowania innowacyjnego i kreatywnego miejsca pracy biurowej.
EN
The article presents a study to investigate a new phenomenon arising in the area of architecture of office workplaces. The results of the modernization of work tools through, among other things, their digitalization and computerization have seen a dynamic transformation of office spaces through the use of new features that are designed to support creative work processes. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable in the construction of foreign office buildings, which are the headquarters of companies dominating the European and international market in a given professional field. The aim of the research is to analyse modern design directions of Polish and foreign office buildings. The research process was based on surveys, inventories, environmental interviews, quantitative and comparative research methods and literature studies. The results of the research show Polish chances and possibilities of designing an innovative and creative office workspace.
Troska o pracownika jest istotna z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy. Oznacza to zmniejszenie wypadków oraz wzrost zainteresowania zdrowiem publicznym. Oczywiste jest, że spożywanie alkoholu jest uznawane za poważne zagrożenie dla życia, zdrowia, a także bezpieczeństwa pracowników. Celem badań była identyfikacja głównych problemów, jakie wiążą się z nadużywaniem i spożywaniem alkoholu w pracy wśród pracowników branży budowlanej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stanowisk pracy, na których wykonywane są prace na rusztowaniach budowlanych. Dane do analizy uzyskano z dwóch różnych źródeł. Pierwszą z nich była dokumentacja powypadkowa dotycząca wypadków przy pracy (analiza grupy 219 osób poszkodowanych w wypadkach przy pracy na rusztowaniach budowlanych w latach 2008–2017). Drugą były ankiety zebrane podczas projektu badawczego. Niniejszy projekt opiera się na modelu oceny ryzyka wystąpienia katastrof budowlanych, wypadków oraz niebezpiecznych zdarzeń na stanowiskach pracy z wykorzystaniem rusztowań (analiza 573 badań ankietowych osób pracujących na budowach obejmujących 120 rusztowań).
EN
The care of workers are essential in terms of occupational health and safety. This implies the reduction of accidents and increased interest for public health. It is obvious that alcohol consumption is considered a serious threat to the lives, health and safety of employees. The aim of the research was to identify the main problems that are associated with alcohol abuse and consumption at work among employees in the construction industry, with particular emphasis on workstations where work is carried out on construction scaffoldings. Data for the analysis was obtained from two different sources. The first one was post-accident documentation on occupational accidents (analysis of a group of 219 people injured in occupational accidents that involved construction scaffolding in 2008-2017). The second one was surveys collected during the research project. This research project is based on a risk assessment model of the occurrence of building catastrophes, accidents and dangerous events at workplaces with the use of scaffolding (analysis of 573 surveys of people working on construction sites involving 120 scaffoldings).
Workplace stress is a common cause of many diseases. It may be intensified by staying in one room for many hours and being exposed to unfavorable environmental stimuli. The role of designers may be important in shaping the work environment favorable to the mental comfort of building users. The aim of the article is to review the solutions used in the architecture of public and commercial (office) buildings, as well as in interior designs and landscape projects, helpful to reduce the level of stress that may arise in the workplace. The adopted research methodology includes the analysis of selected examples of design solutions, literature studies and the anthropological research carried out by the author using the structured interview method. The result of the review is the collection of a rich set of design methods, which allow to shape the work environment favorable to the mental health of users of public and commercial buildings. The conducted research allows to conclude that designers have a wide range of measures which enables to shape a work environment that is beneficial for mental health. The range of these possibilities in the hands of architects is constantly growing, and they should be constantly aware of it. In addition, listening to the needs of users of existing buildings may lead designers to new solutions.
PL
Stres w miejscu pracy jest częstą przyczyną wielu chorób. Może go potęgować wielogodzinne wystawienie na niekorzystne bodźce płynące z otoczenia poprzez przebywanie w jednym pomieszczeniu. Rola projektantów może być istotna w kształtowaniu środowiska pracy korzystnego dla komfortu psychicznego użytkowników budynków. Celem artykułu jest dokonanie przeglądu rozwiązań stosowanych w architekturze budynków użyteczności publicznej i komercyjnych (biurowych), jak również w obrębie projektów wnętrz tego typu obiektów i projektów zagospodarowania terenu, sprzyjających obniżaniu poziomu stresu mogącego się pojawić w miejscu pracy. Przyjęta metodologia badań obejmuje analizę wybranych przykładów rozwiązań projektowych, studia literaturowe oraz własne badania antropologiczne autorki przeprowadzone metodą wywiadu kwestionariuszowego. Rezultatem dokonanego przeglądu jest zebranie bogatego zestawu środków, jakimi dysponuje architektura i branże pokrewne, pozwalających kształtować środowisko pracy sprzyjające zdrowiu psychicznemu użytkowników budynków biurowych, a także użyteczności publicznej. Wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań prowadzą do stwierdzenia, iż projektanci dysponują szerokim repertuarem środków pozwalających kształtować korzystne dla zdrowia psychicznego środowisko pracy. Wachlarz tych możliwości w rękach architektów jest wciąż powiększany, a ci powinni być go stale świadomi. Ponadto wsłuchanie się w potrzeby użytkowników istniejących obiektów może naprowadzić projektantów na nowe, niestosowane jeszcze rozwiązania.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.